369 lines
44 KiB
XML
369 lines
44 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3706F2A41D8CCC3540CB2E655E3772CF">The genus Aivalykus Nixon, 1938 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) with description of a new species from India and Arabian Peninsula</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2E7005D45EA28D19D96D0E67F5636F9A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6F5BED95B9F143BD2F89A5F4BF6FBD1E">Ranjith, A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5CFD978A4ED0155DB57979E875B7E21C">Insect Ecology and Ethology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, Pin: 673635, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BCA8087D9B86208825743DB41497565E">Belokobylskij, Sergey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="13872BA7BC1DE6EF52DD64EDBE2CEEC6">Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. & Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, Warsaw, Poland.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="45F53DA32872AA23637ECEED1F5F9B97">Sureshan, P. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C18F80F3F8AF1302F2C90642A6475C38">Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre, Kozhikode, Kerala, Pin: 673006, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="38859F37509B119DE4B9130F46B70094">Nasser, M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1C40BEAFE3736383FBDBA30AAAE43BB1">Insect Ecology and Ethology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, Pin: 673635, India. & drnasher @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6460 - 1839</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E47C11D848CE7453505F3209CED9C7B6" type="email">drnasher@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="784AE2E4DFF66E5B56BF80CA00A5F445">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="92BF72D82FBF0EB48B5214D709C9388C">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0394D249FFEDFFA1FF58FA3D444EA648" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401533" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177012563" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4401533" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C4D670CB-F1DE-4878-813C-452380DD1011" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0394D249FFEDFFA1FF58FA3D444EA648" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFEDFFA5FF58FA3D437FA34C" authority="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityName="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,785,1527,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microaciculatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEDFFA5FF58FA3D41B9A34F" bold="true" box="[151,471,1527,1554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Aivalykus microaciculatus</emphasis>
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Ranjith et Belokobylskij
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A0236FFEDFFA5FCD1FA3D4312A34C" box="[798,892,1527,1553]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C32730D4FFEDFFA5FF58F9D143AAA307" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEDFFA5FF58F9D14169A368" blockId="2.[151,964,1527,1626]" box="[151,263,1563,1589]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13067FDAFFEDFFA5FF6FF9D14090A368" box="[160,254,1563,1589]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[152,255,1526,1550]" captionStartId-1="4.[152,255,1938,1962]" captionStartId-2="5.[152,255,1268,1292]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1437,883,1499]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1432,419,1914]" captionTargetBox-2="[192,1393,294,1224]" captionTargetId-0="figure-331@3.[151,1437,882,1499]" captionTargetId-1="figure-139@4.[151,1436,417,1915]" captionTargetId-2="figure-62@5.[174,1414,273,1245]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Fore and hind wing of Aivalykus microaciculatus Ranjith et Belokobylskij, sp. nov. (paratype, female). 1. Radial (marginal) cell, 2. Discoidal (first discal) cell, 3. Brachial (first subdiscal) cell, 4. Medial (basal) cell of hind wing." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Aivalykus microaciculatus Ranjith et Belokobylskij, sp. nov. (holotype, female).A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, anterior view. C. Head, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, lateral view. E. Head and mesosoma, lateral view. F. Propodeum, dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Aivalykus microaciculatus Ranjith et Belokobylskij, sp. nov. (holotype, female). A. First and second metasomal tergites, dorsal view. B. Second to six metasomal tergites, dorsal view. C. Wings. D. Male habitus, in lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401549" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401551" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401553" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4401549/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4401551/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4401553/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Fig. 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEDFFA5FF58F94D412BA3FC" bold="true" box="[151,325,1671,1697]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Type material</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="5486DDFDFFEDFFA5FE94F94D41A6A3FC" box="[347,456,1671,1697]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, female, “
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<collectingCountry id="F32A23CFFFEDFFA5FD86F94D42F1A3FC" box="[585,671,1671,1697]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">INDIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6F925FFEDFFA5FBF5F94244BDA3FC" box="[1082,1235,1671,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Lonar Crater</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8EE23584FFEDFFA5FB29F94D45F6A3FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0394D249FFEDFFA1FF58FA3D444EA648:8EE23584FFEDFFA5FB29F94D45F6A3FC" box="[1254,1432,1671,1697]" country="India" county="Wildlife Sanctuary" municipality="Lonar Crater" name="Buldhana Dist." pageId="2" pageNumber="271" stateProvince="Maharashtra">Buldhana Dist.</location>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFC7BC77FFEDFFA5FF58F961417CA398" box="[151,274,1707,1733]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" value="2003-11-19">19.xi.2003</collectingDate>
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, coll.
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” (
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).
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<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEDFFA5FF08F905408CA208" blockId="2.[151,1437,1671,2022]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
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<typeStatus id="5486DDFDFFEDFFA5FF08F9054151A3B4" box="[199,319,1743,1769]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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with same data of
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<typeStatus id="5486DDFDFFEDFFA5FD4DF905428AA3B4" box="[642,740,1743,1769]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED2CFB9AFFEDFFA5FD3CF9054328A3B4" box="[755,838,1743,1769]" country="Portugal" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9ztx-dmar" name="Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">DZUC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B556902FFEDFFA5FC97F905440DA250" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020162303" collectingDate="2016-03-29" collectingDateMax="2016-04-12" collectingDateMin="2016-03-29" collectionCode="DZUC" collectorName="Ranjith A. P." country="India" location="Calicut University Botanical Garden" municipality="Malappuram" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
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, “
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49F9ADBDFFEDFFA5FBD3F9054407A3B4" box="[1052,1129,1743,1769]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Kerala</collectingRegion>
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,
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,
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,
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<collectingMethod id="527C1B48FFEDFFA5FE0DF9394239A253" box="[450,599,1779,1806]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">malaise Trap</collectingMethod>
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,
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<date id="FF83459FFFEDFFA5FDACF939434AA250" box="[611,804,1779,1805]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" value="2016-03-29" valueMax="2016-04-12" valueMin="2016-03-29">
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<collectingDate id="EFC7BC77FFEDFFA5FDACF939434AA250" box="[611,804,1779,1805]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" value="2016-03-29" valueMax="2016-04-12" valueMin="2016-03-29">29.iii–12.iv.2016</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, col.
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<collectorName id="26C80689FFEDFFA5FCACF9394383A250" box="[867,1005,1779,1805]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Ranjith A.P.</collectorName>
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” (
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<collectionCode id="ED2CFB9AFFEDFFA5FBC7F9394435A250" box="[1032,1115,1779,1805]" country="Portugal" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9ztx-dmar" name="Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">DZUC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B556902FFEDFFA5FBBFF93940B0A208" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020162301" collectingDate="2006-03-19" collectingDateMax="2006-03-28" collectingDateMin="2006-03-19" collectionCode="RMNH, ZISP" country="India" location="Hatta" municipality="Arab Emirates" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BA8D6FFEDFFA5FBBFF939448EA250" box="[1136,1248,1779,1805]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3BA8D6FFEDFFA5FB22F9394526A250" box="[1261,1352,1779,1805]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
, “United
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6F925FFEDFFA5FF75F8DD410FA26C" box="[186,353,1815,1841]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Arab Emirates</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE23584FFEDFFA5FEBFF8D241C3A26F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0394D249FFEDFFA1FF58FA3D444EA648:8EE23584FFEDFFA5FEBFF8D241C3A26F" box="[368,429,1816,1842]" country="India" municipality="Arab Emirates" name="Hatta" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" stateProvince="Kerala">Hatta</location>
|
||
(6394), at light,
|
||
<date id="FF83459FFFEDFFA5FDBCF8DD4377A26C" box="[627,793,1815,1841]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" value="2006-03-19" valueMax="2006-03-28" valueMin="2006-03-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7BC77FFEDFFA5FDBCF8DD4377A26C" box="[627,793,1815,1841]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" value="2006-03-19" valueMax="2006-03-28" valueMin="2006-03-19">19–28.iii.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 24˚49’ N 56˚07’ E, A. v. Harten, RNMH’06” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CFB9AFFEDFFA5FA8FF8DD45F6A26C" box="[1344,1432,1815,1841]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CFB9AFFEDFFA5FF58F8F140BBA208" box="[151,213,1851,1877]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32730D4FFEDFFA1FF08F8954535A4D4" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEDFFA5FF08F8954525A227" blockId="2.[151,1437,1671,2022]" box="[199,1355,1887,1914]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEDFFA5FF08F895413FA224" bold="true" box="[199,337,1887,1913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Female. Body length 2.0 mm; fore wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC5CEBAFFEDFFA5FCBAF89543A0A227" box="[885,974,1887,1914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ovipositor sheath length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC5CEBAFFEDFFA5FB21F8954529A227" box="[1262,1351,1887,1914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="271" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEDFFA4FF08F84941D6A438" blockId="2.[151,1437,1671,2022]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,862]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEDFFA5FF08F8494169A2C0" bold="true" box="[199,263,1923,1949]" pageId="2" pageNumber="271">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Head width 1.4 × its median length. Temple roundly narrowed behind eye; transverse diameter of eye 1.6 × length of temple. Ocelli small, arranged in equilateral triangle with base as long as its sides. POL 1.33 × Od, 0.2 × OOL. Eye glabrous, 1.3 × as high as broad. Malar space 0.4 × height of eye, 0.6 × basal width of mandible. Face width almost equal to height of eye and 1.2 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeal suture shallow, but distinct, interrupted medially. Hypoclypeal depression round, its transverse width 0.9 × distance from edge of depression to eye, 0.3 × width of face. Occipital carina reduced below, not fused with the hypostomal carina. Antennae incomplete, with more than 15 antennomeres (missing apically). Scapus 1.4 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellomere not flattened, straight, 7.0 × longer than its apical width, 0.8 × longer than second flagellomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFECFFA4FF08FEA54368A760" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FF08FEA5412BA4D4" bold="true" box="[199,325,367,393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesosoma 1.8 × longer than high. Neck of prothorax short. Pronotal carina distinct. Mesoscutum highly and almost perpendicularly elevated above pronotum. Notauli deep in anterior half, very shallow or almost absent in posterior half, anteriorly finely crenulate. Prescutellar depression (scutal sulcus) deep, with three longitudinal carinae, very finely rugulose to smooth between carinae, 0.3 × as long as scutellum. Subalar depression shallow, wide, very finely rugulose. Sternaulus shallow, smooth, connected with prepectal carina anteriorly, running along approximately half of lower part of mesopleuron.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFECFFA4FF08FD8C4269A600" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FF08FD8C417DA73D" bold="true" box="[199,275,582,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
. Fore wing 3.25 × longer than its maximum width. Radial vein (r) arising almost from middle of pterostigma. Radial (marginal) cell not shortened. First radial abscissa (r) almost perpendicular to pterostigma, 1.3 × longer than maximum width of pterostigma, 0.75 × as long as first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Second radial abscissa (3-SR) weakly evenly curved, 6.0 × longer than first abscissa (r), 4.6 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Discoidal (first discal) cell 2.3 × longer than wide. Recurrent vein (m-cu) antefurcal, 2.6 × longer than second abscissa of medial vein (2-SR+M). Brachial (first subdiscal) cell narrow, gently closing apically distinctly before recurrent vein (m-cu). Distance from nervulus (cu-a) to basal vein (1-M) about 2.0 × nervulus (cu-a) length. In hind wing medial (basal) cell closed anterodistally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4233D7FFECFFA4FF57FA3C4570A36F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401549" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4401549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401549/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" startId="3.[152,255,1526,1550]" targetBox="[151,1437,883,1499]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFECFFA4FF57FA3C4570A36F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1526,1586]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FF57FA3C4177A353" bold="true" box="[152,281,1526,1550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Fore and hind wing of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFECFFA4FDC6FA3C4479A353" authority="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityName="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2020" box="[521,1047,1526,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microaciculatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FDC6FA3C437AA353" box="[521,788,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Aivalykus microaciculatus</emphasis>
|
||
Ranjith et Belokobylskij
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FBEEFA3C441CA353" bold="true" box="[1057,1138,1526,1550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A0236FFECFFA4FBEEFA3C441CA353" box="[1057,1138,1526,1550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(paratype, female). 1. Radial (marginal) cell, 2. Discoidal (first discal) cell, 3. Brachial (first subdiscal) cell, 4. Medial (basal) cell of hind wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFECFFA4FF08F9AA4187A39E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1632,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FF08F9AA4091A327" bold="true" box="[199,255,1632,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Hind femur 4.0 × longer than wide. Hind tarsus as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus 0.85 × as long as second–fifth tarsomeres combined. Second tarsomere 0.45 × as long as basitarsus, about 2.0 × longer than fifth tarsomere (without pretarsus).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFECFFA4FF08F90641F9A2C7" blockId="3.[151,1437,1632,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FF08F906412DA3BB" bold="true" box="[199,323,1740,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
. Metasoma 1.1 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. First tergite without spiracular tubercles (spiracles situated on basal 0.3 of tergite), distinctly and linearly widened from base to apex. Maximum width of first tergite 1.65 × its width at level of dorsope; length 0.85 × its apical width. Second tergite without depressions, length of tergite 0.6 × its basal width, 1.4 × length of third tergite. Second suture shallow and almost straight. Ovipositor sheath 0.65 × as long as body, 1.2 × longer than metasoma, 1.9 × longer than mesosoma, 0.86 × as long as fore wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFECFFA3FF08F86E4535A4D4" blockId="3.[151,1437,1632,2019]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFECFFA4FF08F86E426CA2E3" bold="true" box="[199,514,1956,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="272">Sculpture and pubescence</emphasis>
|
||
. Vertex and frons micro-aciculate; temple smooth; face very finely and sparsely rugulose-striate, medially smooth, laterally coriaceous. Sides of pronotum almost entirely smooth. Mesoscutum distinctly coriaceous, with mid longitudinal carina in posterior third. Scutellum coriaceous, glabrous medially. Mesopleuron mainly smooth, coriaceous medially. Metapleuron smooth, posteriorly rugulose. Propodeum mainly smooth, with fine and short rugulosity along carinae, with median carina in basal half, with distinctly delineated by carinae, long, relatively wide and striate areola in posterior half of propodeum; lateral carina complete and rather strong. Hind femur coriaceous. First metasomal tergite with distinct and complete dorsal carinae, densely and rather finely striate, smooth medially and medioposteriorly. Remaining tergites completely smooth. Hind tibia on dorsal surface with rather sparse and semi-erect setae, length of these setae 0.7–0.8 × maximum width of hind tibia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4233D7FFEBFFA3FF57F85840A0A2AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401551" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4401551" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401551/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="273" startId="4.[152,255,1938,1962]" targetBox="[151,1432,419,1914]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEBFFA3FF57F85840A0A2AF" blockId="4.[151,1436,1938,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEBFFA3FF57F8584176A2F7" bold="true" box="[152,280,1938,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="273">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFEBFFA3FED2F8584348A2F7" authority="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityName="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2020" box="[285,806,1938,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microaciculatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEBFFA3FED2F8584249A2F7" box="[285,551,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="273">Aivalykus microaciculatus</emphasis>
|
||
Ranjith et Belokobylskij
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEBFFA3FCE0F8584311A2F7" bold="true" box="[815,895,1938,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A0236FFEBFFA3FCE0F8584311A2F7" box="[815,895,1938,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="273" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype, female). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, anterior view. C. Head, dorsal view. D. Mesosoma, lateral view. E. Head and mesosoma, lateral view. F. Propodeum, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEAFFA2FF08FF5C43DEA5A4" blockId="5.[151,1436,150,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEAFFA2FF08FF5C4175A5ED" bold="true" box="[199,283,150,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
. Body mainly light reddish brown with yellow areas; flagellomeres, ocellar area, eyes, lateral lobes of mesoscutum entirely and middle lobe anteriorly, mesopleuron, pterostigma in apical half, second metasomal tergite, tip of ovipositor and ovipositor sheath brownish yellow to dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4233D7FFEAFFA2FF57FB3E4579A06D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401553" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4401553" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401553/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="274" startId="5.[152,255,1268,1292]" targetBox="[192,1393,294,1224]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEAFFA2FF57FB3E4579A06D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1268,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEAFFA2FF57FB3E4177A051" bold="true" box="[152,281,1268,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFEAFFA2FEEEFB3E435FA051" authority="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityName="Ranjith et Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2020" box="[289,817,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microaciculatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEAFFA2FEEEFB3E4243A051" box="[289,557,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">Aivalykus microaciculatus</emphasis>
|
||
Ranjith et Belokobylskij
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEAFFA2FCF3FB3F43E0A050" bold="true" box="[828,910,1269,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A0236FFEAFFA2FCF3FB3F43E0A050" box="[828,910,1269,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="274" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype, female). A. First and second metasomal tergites, dorsal view. B. Second to six metasomal tergites, dorsal view. C. Wings. D. Male habitus, in lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFEAFFA1FF08FA9441D4A588" blockId="5.[151,1437,1374,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFEAFFA2FF08FA944156A025" bold="true" box="[199,312,1374,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="274">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC5CEBAFFEAFFA2FDC8FA954230A024" box="[519,606,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="274" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; fore wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC5CEBAFFEAFFA2FCE8FA9443DFA024" box="[807,945,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="274" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ovipositor sheath length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC5CEBAFFEAFFA2FB01FA954539A024" box="[1230,1367,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="274" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head width 1.4–1.5 × its median length. POL 1.2–1.4 × Od, 0.2–0.4 × OOL. Malar space 0.6–0.8 × basal width of mandible. Hypoclypeal depression transverse width 0.8–0.9 × distance from edge of depression to eye, 0.3–0.4 × width of face. Antennae with 18-antennomeres, 0.9 × as long as body. Scapus 1.4–1.5 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellar segment 5.5–7.0 × longer than its apical width, 0.80–0.85 × longer than second segment. Penultimate segment 3.8 × longer than maximum width, 0.6 × as long as first flagellar segment, 0.9 × as long as apical segment; the latter acuminate apically. Mesosoma 1.8–1.9 × longer than high. Notauli deep in anterior third or half. Scutellum and mesopleuron sometimes entirely smooth. Fore wing 3.2–3.6 × longer than its maximum width. First radial abscissa (r) 1.3–1.4 × longer than maximum width of pterostigma, 0.70–0.75 × as long as first radiomedial vein (2- SR). Second radial abscissa (3-SR) 6.0–6.5 × longer than first abscissa (r), 4.5–4.6 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Discoidal (first discal) cell 2.0–2.3 × longer than wide. Recurrent vein (m-cu) 2.0–2.6 × longer than second abscissa of medial vein (2-SR+M). Distance from nervulus (cu-a) to basal vein (1-M) 1.5–2.0 × nervulus (cu-a) length. Hind femur 3.6–4.0 × longer than wide. Hind basitarsus 0.75–0.85 × as long as second–fifth tarsomeres combined. Second tarsal segment 0.35–0.45 × as long as basitarsus, 1.5–2.0 × longer than fifth tarsomere (without pretarsus). Metasoma 1.1–1.2 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. Maximum width of first tergite 1.6–1.7 × its width at level of dorsope; length 0.80–0.85 × its apical width; sometimes with dorsal carinae only in basal half. Length of second tergite 0.6–0.9 × its basal width, 1.4–1.9 × length of third tergite. Ovipositor sheath 0.60–0.65 × as long as body, 1.1–1.2 × longer than metasoma, 1.9–2.0 × longer than mesosoma, 0.8–0.9 × as long as fore wing. Sometimes head dorsally, mesoscutum, scutellum and mesopleuron brown or reddish brown; pterostigma light brown in apical half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFE9FFA1FF08FF154535A4D4" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FF08FF15416AA5A4" bold="true" box="[199,260,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length 1.6–3.0 mm; fore wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC5CEBAFFE9FFA1FD3DFF1443F6A5A4" box="[754,920,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.85" valueMin="1.05">1.05–1.85 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Nervulus (cu-a) only weakly postfurcal. Hind femur wider, 3.0–3.1 × longer than wide. Metasoma very long, strongly narrowed behind third tergite, then almost parallel-sided and depressed; 1.5–1.8 × longer than mesosoma and head combined. First metasomal tergite longer, its length 0.9–1.1× apical width. Basal four antennomeres yellow, then brown to dark brown. Body yellow except eyes, second metasomal tergite dorsally and wing veins brown; sometimes mesosoma mainly reddish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32730D4FFE9FFA1FF08FE5943D8A4F0" box="[199,950,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFE9FFA1FF08FE5943D8A4F0" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,950,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FF08FE594120A4F0" bold="true" box="[199,334,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named after very thin and dense aciculation of vertex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32730D4FFE9FFA1FF08FE7C43BFA48C" box="[199,977,438,466]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFE9FFA1FF08FE7C43BFA48C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,977,438,466]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FF08FE7C4137A48D" bold="true" box="[199,345,438,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A23CFFFE9FFA1FEA8FE7D41CFA48C" box="[359,417,439,465]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9ADBDFFE9FFA1FE60FE7D4195A48C" box="[431,507,439,465]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F9ADBDFFE9FFA1FDFDFE7D42ADA48F" box="[562,707,439,466]" country="India" name="Maharashtra" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Maharashtra</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A23CFFFE9FFA1FD19FE7D43A3A48C" box="[726,973,439,465]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32730D4FFE9FFA1FF08FE114396A4A8" box="[199,1016,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFE9FFA1FF08FE114396A4A8" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,1016,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FF08FE114091A4A8" bold="true" box="[199,255,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Host</emphasis>
|
||
. Emerged from unidentified beetle larvae infesting fig tree in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A23CFFFE9FFA1FC78FE11439AA4A8" box="[951,1012,475,501]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32730D4FFE9FFA1FF08FE35444EA648" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82635FFFE9FFA1FF08FE35444EA648" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FF08FE35415AA744" bold="true" box="[199,308,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. This new species is the most peculiar within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FCE0FE3543F2A744" authorityName="Nixon" authorityYear="1938" box="[815,924,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FCE0FE3543F2A744" box="[815,924,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Aivalykus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the micro-aciculate sculpture of vertex. Most of other species have the vertex transversely striate or smooth.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FC09FDE94483A760" authority="Ranjith & Belokobylskij & Sureshan & Nasser, 2020" authorityName="Ranjith & Belokobylskij & Sureshan & Nasser" authorityYear="2020" box="[966,1261,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microaciculatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FC09FDE94483A760" box="[966,1261,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Aivalykus microaciculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FB3BFDE94523A760" bold="true" box="[1268,1357,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A0236FFE9FFA1FB3BFDE94523A760" box="[1268,1357,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from one of the species described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A23CFFFE9FFA1FD92FD8D42F9A73C" box="[605,663,583,609]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and rather widespread
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FC6EFD8D4407A73C" authority="Nixon" authorityName="Nixon" authorityYear="1938" box="[929,1129,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eclectes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FC6EFD8D4475A73C" box="[929,1051,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">A. eclectes</emphasis>
|
||
Nixon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having fore wing recurrent vein (m-cu) antefurcal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FE1AFDA14182A7D9" box="[469,492,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">vs</emphasis>
|
||
interstitial in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FD47FDA1436FA7D8" authorityName="Nixon" authorityYear="1938" box="[648,769,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eclectes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FD47FDA1436FA7D8" box="[648,769,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">A. eclectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This new species is also similar to Oriental
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FACFFDA14505A7D8" authorityName="Belokobylskij et Chen" authorityYear="2002" box="[1280,1387,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FACFFDA14505A7D8" box="[1280,1387,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">A. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the differences between them are showed in the key provided above.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FC4FFD4544C6A7F4" authority="Ranjith & Belokobylskij & Sureshan & Nasser, 2020" authorityName="Ranjith & Belokobylskij & Sureshan & Nasser" authorityYear="2020" box="[896,1192,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aivalykus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microaciculatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FC4FFD4544C6A7F4" box="[896,1192,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">Aivalykus microaciculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FB7FFD454565A7F4" bold="true" box="[1200,1291,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A0236FFE9FFA1FB7FFD454565A7F4" box="[1200,1291,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
comes close to Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FE8FFD7941CDA790" baseAuthorityName="Marsh" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[320,419,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ecphyloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FE8FFD7941CDA790" box="[320,419,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">A. flavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having second metasomal tergite smooth, but it differs from it in having vertex densely micro-aciculate (
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FE9BFD1D4105A7AD" box="[340,363,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">vs</emphasis>
|
||
smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FE29FD1D4229A7AC" baseAuthorityName="Marsh" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[486,583,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ecphyloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FE29FD1D4229A7AC" box="[486,583,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">A. flavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), propodeum with areola distinctly delineated by carinae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FB02FD1D448AA7AD" box="[1229,1252,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">vs</emphasis>
|
||
indistinct areola in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FF7BFD314178A648" baseAuthorityName="Marsh" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[180,278,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ecphyloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FF7BFD314178A648" box="[180,278,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">A. flavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and fore wing nervulus (cu-a) postfurcal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FD35FD31437FA649" box="[762,785,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">vs</emphasis>
|
||
interstitial in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D18DCFFE9FFA1FC61FD31447EA648" baseAuthorityName="Marsh" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[942,1040,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ecphyloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949BF4DFFE9FFA1FC61FD31447EA648" box="[942,1040,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="275">A. flavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |