559 lines
68 KiB
XML
559 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5258.4.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7784322" ID-ZooBank="73F90E50-168F-4441-8B68-8DDFFF8E17D4" checkinTime="1680164509918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fedler, Matthew T., Enge, Kevin M. & Moler, Paul E." docDate="2023" docId="03BB87B1FF9D0F3143D5F956FD2DFDB2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5258.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5258 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.4.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Siren intermedia Barnes 1826" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="374" masterDocId="FF82FFC9FF8F0F264342FFEAFFDAFF8F" masterDocTitle="Unraveling Siren (Caudata: Sirenidae) systematics and description of a small seepage specialist" masterLastPageNumber="378" masterPageNumber="351" pageNumber="369" updateTime="1680189431920" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Unraveling Siren (Caudata: Sirenidae) systematics and description of a small seepage specialist</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fedler, Matthew T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-4200-2341</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and WildlifeConservation Commission, 1105 SW Williston Road, Gainesville, FL, USA. matthew. fedler @ MyFWC. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4200 - 2341</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Enge, Kevin M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0009-0006-2404-5088</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and WildlifeConservation Commission, 1105 SW Williston Road, Gainesville, FL, USA. matthew. fedler @ MyFWC. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4200 - 2341 & kevin. enge @ MyFWC. com; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0006 - 2404 - 5088</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moler, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0009-0007-3185-8703</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and WildlifeConservation Commission, 1105 SW Williston Road, Gainesville, FL, USA. matthew. fedler @ MyFWC. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4200 - 2341 & paul. moler @ MyFWC. com; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0007 - 3185 - 8703</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5258</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>351</mods:start>
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<mods:end>378</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.4.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5258.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7784322</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">73F90E50-168F-4441-8B68-8DDFFF8E17D4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87B1FF9D0F3143D5F956FD2DFDB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB87B1FF9D0F3143D5F956FD2DFDB2" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="374" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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<subSubSection box="[151,523,1723,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[151,573,1723,1822]" box="[151,523,1723,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,523,1723,1750]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4XR2J" ID-ENA="8341" authority="Barnes, 1826" authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,523,1723,1750]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,523,1723,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,354,1723,1750]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">Siren intermedia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Barnes, D. H." box="[361,523,1724,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" pagination="268 - 297" refId="ref12907" refString="Barnes, D. H. (1826) An arrangement of the genera of batracian [sic] animals, with a description of the more remarkable species; including a monograph of the doubtful reptils [sic]. American Journal of Science and Arts, 11 (2), 268 - 297." type="journal article" year="1826">Barnes, 1826</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="370" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[151,573,1723,1822]" box="[151,415,1760,1786]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[159,267,1760,1786]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="4.[152,255,1973,1997]" captionStartId-1="7.[152,255,1329,1353]" captionStartId-2="8.[152,255,965,989]" captionStartId-3="8.[152,255,1825,1849]" captionStartId-4="9.[152,255,1430,1454]" captionStartId-5="11.[152,255,998,1022]" captionStartId-6="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox-0="[209,1391,453,1942]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,561,1306]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1422,193,936]" captionTargetBox-3="[166,1421,1058,1794]" captionTargetBox-4="[163,1425,426,1398]" captionTargetBox-5="[177,1403,190,969]" captionTargetBox-6="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId-0="figure-156@4.[197,1391,453,1950]" captionTargetId-1="figure-206@7.[151,1436,561,1306]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@8.[151,1436,181,941]" captionTargetId-3="figure-53@8.[158,1429,1050,1801]" captionTargetId-4="figure-127@9.[154,1434,417,1406]" captionTargetId-5="figure-18@11.[165,1423,181,974]" captionTargetId-6="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Bayesian probability tree of concatenated 16S and ND4 regions inferred using BEAST2. Individual specimen labels include voucher ID or GenBank number if no voucher, state, county, and lineage." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Median joining networks of Siren haplotypes for RAG1 (left) and NCX1 (right) regions made using PopART." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Box plots with points colored by sex showing distribution of tail proportions of Siren lineages. Outliers are noted with red triangles on the associated box plot." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Box plots with points representing specimens per showing distribution of costal groove counts of Siren lineages." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Box plots of the distributions of snout-vent length and the five size-corrected linear measurements compared using linear discriminant analysis." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Results from our linear discriminant function analysis based on the five size-corrected linear measurements taken from 396 Siren specimens. Except for S. reticulata, each lineage failed to create meaningful separation." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784326" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784328" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784330" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784332" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784334" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784336" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7784326/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7784328/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7784330/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7784332/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7784334/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7784336/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">Figs. 1‒7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[279,295,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1509,1533]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,668,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-242@18.[151,1436,668,1486]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution map of specimens assigned to Siren intermedia (orange circles) and S. nettingi (blue circles). The red line is the eastern boundary of the Mobile drainage from EDNA Derived Watersheds for Major Named Rivers (https://edna. usgs.gov/watersheds/kml_index.htm). The Mobile drainage lacks S. intermedia records and is the easternmost drainage where S. nettingi occurs. Our westernmost records of S. intermedia are from the Escambia drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784342/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[307,337,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[152,255,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,350,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1437,345,1509]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Live Siren intermedia specimens belonging to mtDNA lineages B and C. A Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612). B Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). C Lineage B from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). D Lineage B from Jackson Co., Florida (UF Herp 188901). E Head of lineage B specimen from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). F Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612) (lineage C). G Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). The latter two specimens are from the same locality but differ dramatically in pattern and coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784344/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">10</figureCitation>
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, & 13)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="18.[151,573,1723,1822]" box="[151,573,1795,1822]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,573,1795,1822]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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Common name. Intermediate
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<taxonomicName box="[510,573,1795,1821]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Siren</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="18.[151,1436,1868,2038]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-30" collectionCode="UF" country="United States of America" county="Wayne Co." elevation="13" latitude="31.50109" location="Herp" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-81.91324" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Georgia" typeStatus="neotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,258,1868,1894]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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<typeStatus box="[151,253,1868,1894]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">Neotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode box="[272,308,1868,1894]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87B1FF9D0F3143D5F956FD2DFDB2:8ECD607CFF9D0F344200F8A6FEA0F8E9" box="[322,378,1868,1894]" country="Georgia" county="Wayne Co." latitude="31.50109" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-81.91324" name="Herp" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">Herp</location>
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190369 (
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<figureCitation box="[498,595,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
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), adult female (gravid) from
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<collectingCounty box="[953,1086,1868,1894]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">Wayne Co.</collectingCounty>
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, Georgia, USA (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1291,1432,1868,1895]" degrees="31.50109" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" precision="1" value="31.50109">31.50109°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[151,294,1904,1930]" degrees="81.91324" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" precision="1" value="-81.91324">81.91324°W</geoCoordinate>
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, datum WGS84, elev.
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<quantity box="[551,613,1904,1930]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" unit="m" value="13.0">
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<elevation box="[551,613,1904,1930]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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). Collected on
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<date box="[786,974,1904,1930]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" value="2020-01-30">
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<collectingDate box="[786,974,1904,1930]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369" value="2020-01-30">30 January 2020</collectingDate>
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</date>
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by Dirk Stevenson, Arik Hartmann, and Matthew Fedler.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="18.[151,1436,1868,2038]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="370" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,483,1975,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">
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Description of
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<typeStatus box="[380,478,1976,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">neotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus box="[546,635,1976,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="369">neotype</typeStatus>
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has 32 costal grooves and faint black spots on the dorsum extending from the head to the fourth costal groove behind the forelimbs. In life, it had a bluish gray venter and sides and a dark grayish brown dorsum. The slightly darker tail tip may indicate old regeneration. A broken chartreuse labial stripe runs from a few millimeters posterior of the nares to just anterior of the gills. Light yellow spots are present ventrolaterally on the head, often surrounding sensory pores. Sparse and more randomly placed small (<
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<quantity box="[1360,1428,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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) yellow spots are posterior to the gills on the forelimbs and lateral/ventrolateral portions of the body, terminating roughly one-third of the distance between forelimbs and cloaca. The gills have sparse, minute, chartreuse yellow spots. Minor abrasions are present near the cloaca. Measurements are
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<quantity box="[920,1012,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="146.0">146 mm</quantity>
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SVL,
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<quantity box="[1083,1160,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="85.0">85 mm</quantity>
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TaL,
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<quantity box="[1222,1307,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="6.3">6.3 mm</quantity>
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interorbital distance,
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<quantity box="[257,357,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="12.9">12.9 mm</quantity>
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head width,
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<quantity box="[501,601,366,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="18.5">18.5 mm</quantity>
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head length,
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<quantity box="[752,838,366,393]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
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eye-snout distance, and
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<quantity box="[1113,1199,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="8.4">8.4 mm</quantity>
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chest width.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="UF" county="Herp" location="Museum of Natural History's" municipality="Locality" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,328,403,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
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<typeStatus box="[199,323,403,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode box="[334,370,403,429]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
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<collectingCounty box="[376,432,403,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Herp</collectingCounty>
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188598, 189657 (
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<figureCitation box="[633,720,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
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), 188604 (
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<figureCitation box="[838,925,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
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), 188605 (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1043,1132,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
), 186989 (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1249,1333,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
), 190370 (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,246,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
), 190371, 190374, 190375.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[557,650,439,465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Locality</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
information for these specimens can be found via the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1251,1332,439,465]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87B1FF9D0F3143D5F956FD2DFDB2:8ECD607CFF9C0F354678FE5DFEADFE7A" county="Herp" municipality="Locality" name="Museum of Natural History's" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" stateProvince="Florida">Museum of Natural History’s</location>
|
||
web database (http://specifyportal.flmnh.ufl.edu/herps/)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="374" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,322,510,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[327,513,511,537]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[327,513,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has typical
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[645,703,511,537]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[645,703,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
characteristics: external gills with three fimbriate gill stalks, three associated gill slits, four toes on the forelimbs, lack of pelvic girdle and hindlimbs, and a thin, pigment-bearing mucus layer that overlies the keratinized skin. This species is best distinguished from other sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1280,1338,583,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1280,1338,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineages by costal groove count, which varies geographically. We restrict this species to the recovered
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[1189,1338,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1189,1338,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineages A, B and C. All
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[342,493,655,681]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[342,493,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineages combined that we examined have 29‒33 costal grooves (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1253,1324,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1825,1849]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,1058,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-53@8.[158,1429,1050,1801]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Box plots with points representing specimens per showing distribution of costal groove counts of Siren lineages." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784332/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lineage B has a more restricted costal groove range of 29 (n =12), 30 (n = 23), or 31 (n = 3) in areas of sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1415,1429,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,288,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
., which has 31‒33 costal grooves in the East Bay, Yellow, Blackwater, and Escambia river drainages. Specimens of lineage B that are comparable in size to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" box="[776,943,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[776,790,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[806,943,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
typically have yellow labial stripes, rostral patches, and ventrolateral flecking (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[552,636,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[152,255,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,350,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1437,345,1509]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Live Siren intermedia specimens belonging to mtDNA lineages B and C. A Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612). B Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). C Lineage B from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). D Lineage B from Jackson Co., Florida (UF Herp 188901). E Head of lineage B specimen from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). F Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612) (lineage C). G Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). The latter two specimens are from the same locality but differ dramatically in pattern and coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784344/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[199,388,835,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,388,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineages A (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[532,582,835,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">type</typeStatus>
|
||
clade) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[677,747,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,186,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[189,1398,181,1866]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Live Siren intermedia type specimens belonging to mtDNA lineage A. A Neotype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190369). B Paratype from McIntosh Co., Georgia (UF Herp 189657). C Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188604). D Paratype from Nassau Co., Florida (UF Herp 188605). E Paratype from Wayne Co., Georgia (UF Herp 190370). F Paratype from Lake Co., Florida (UF Herp 186989)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784338/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) and C (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[851,934,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[152,255,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,350,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1437,345,1509]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Live Siren intermedia specimens belonging to mtDNA lineages B and C. A Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612). B Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). C Lineage B from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). D Lineage B from Jackson Co., Florida (UF Herp 188901). E Head of lineage B specimen from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). F Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612) (lineage C). G Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). The latter two specimens are from the same locality but differ dramatically in pattern and coloration." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784344/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) can be distinguished from sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1378,1436,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having fewer than 34 costal grooves. These two lineages exhibit hypervariability in pattern and coloration. Yellowish labial stripes and rostral patches may be present or absent. Numerous distinct black spots may be present, absent, or occur in patches on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the head and body, and some individuals possess reticulated patterns (UF Herp 186989, 192033, and an unvouchered specimen from the same locality as 192033). These traits are also present in other
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[566,713,1015,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
<emphasis box="[566,624,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and may be variable within populations of any of these species, emphasizing the need for accurate costal groove counts to distinguish from other species in the vicinity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,855,1086,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Original description, first redescription, and comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Le Conte, J. E." box="[860,1041,1087,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="133 - 134" refId="ref14645" refString="Le Conte, J. E. (1828) Description of a new species of Siren. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, 2 (1), 133 - 134. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1749 - 6632.1826. tb 00242. x" type="journal article" year="1828">Le Conte (1828)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided the following description: “Its greatest length is twelve inches: colour uniform dusky, very slightly paler beneath, sometimes faintly speckled with darker above.”
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barnes, D. H." box="[386,547,1159,1185]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="268 - 297" refId="ref12907" refString="Barnes, D. H. (1826) An arrangement of the genera of batracian [sic] animals, with a description of the more remarkable species; including a monograph of the doubtful reptils [sic]. American Journal of Science and Arts, 11 (2), 268 - 297." type="journal article" year="1826">Barnes (1826)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Harlan, R." box="[605,765,1159,1185]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="317 - 372" refId="ref14108" refString="Harlan, R. (1827) Genera of North American Reptilia, and a synopsis of the species. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 5, 317 - 372." type="journal article" year="1827">Harlan (1827)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
announced that the species was going to be described and provided the same information when summarizing Le Conte’s forthcoming manuscript.According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Harlan, R." box="[1272,1433,1195,1221]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="317 - 372" refId="ref14108" refString="Harlan, R. (1827) Genera of North American Reptilia, and a synopsis of the species. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 5, 317 - 372." type="journal article" year="1827">Harlan (1827)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: “Colour resembling that of the Lacertina; branchiae resembling those of the Striata [i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Le Conte" authorityName="Le Conte" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Pseudobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1157,1436,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Pseudobranchus striatus</emphasis>
|
||
Le Conte
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. Length about one foot.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
We designated a
|
||
<typeStatus box="[390,479,1303,1329]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
from near the type locality for the express purpose of clarifying the taxonomic status of a nominal taxon whose specimens (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[581,682,1339,1365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
) were destroyed.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, H. M. & Smith, R. B. & Sawin, H. L." box="[882,1095,1338,1365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="100 - 102" refId="ref16218" refString="Smith, H. M., Smith, R. B. & Sawin, H. L. (1975) The authorship and date of publication of Siren intermedia (Amphibia: Caudata). Great Basin Naturalist, 35 (1), 100 - 102." type="journal article" year="1975">
|
||
Smith
|
||
<emphasis box="[956,1013,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1975)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
clarified that the name should be attributed to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barnes, D. H." box="[325,486,1375,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="268 - 297" refId="ref12907" refString="Barnes, D. H. (1826) An arrangement of the genera of batracian [sic] animals, with a description of the more remarkable species; including a monograph of the doubtful reptils [sic]. American Journal of Science and Arts, 11 (2), 268 - 297." type="journal article" year="1826">Barnes (1826)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Le Conte, J. E." box="[496,697,1375,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="133 - 134" refId="ref14645" refString="Le Conte, J. E. (1828) Description of a new species of Siren. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, 2 (1), 133 - 134. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1749 - 6632.1826. tb 00242. x" type="journal article" year="1828">Le Conte’s (1828)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description provided additional traits that are generic among
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1378,1436,1375,1401]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1378,1436,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and failed to identify any features that distinguish it from other
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[862,920,1411,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[862,920,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
given our current understanding of the genus.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,337,1447,1473]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,337,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is extremely variable in both color and pattern, and many phenotypes overlap those of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LaFortune" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1308,1436,1447,1473]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1308,1436,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. lacertina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[199,313,1483,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,313,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. nettingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
The original type locality was purportedly Le Conte’s Woodmanston Plantation, Riceboro,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1250,1340,1519,1545]" name="Georgia" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Harper, F." pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="275 - 310" refId="ref14144" refString="Harper, F. (1935) Records of amphibians in the southeastern states. The American Midland Naturalist, 16 (3), 275 - 310. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2420030" type="journal article" year="1935">Harper 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We chose the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[399,488,1555,1581]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, which is approximately
|
||
<quantity box="[876,951,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
|
||
SW of Woodmanston Plantation, because all sequenced specimens from the surrounding region and Altamaha River drainage belong to the same mtDNA lineage as our single Woodmanston Plantation specimen. The
|
||
<typeStatus box="[877,966,1627,1653]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is easily accessible and yielded many
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[221,371,1663,1689]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[221,371,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
compared to other localities in the area. Additionally, the locality has stereotypical habitat for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,300,1699,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,300,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
consisting of a cypress swamp with many small creeks and large accumulations of muck, leaf packs, and submerged Creeping Rush (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[511,670,1735,1760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="repens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[511,670,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Juncus repens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Michaux]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,150,321]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="371" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C." box="[199,508,1771,1797]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref15637" refString="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C. (1932) The validity of Siren intermedia Le Conte, with observations on its life history. American Museum Novitates, 532, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1932">Noble and Marshall (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[833,984,1771,1797]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[833,984,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but failed to state where the specimens they examined came from, and they likely included specimens from populations later split into the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1301,1387,1807,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1301,1387,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">nettingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,226,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">texana</emphasis>
|
||
subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[390,539,1843,1869]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[390,539,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This would explain their higher costal groove range for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[1179,1328,1843,1869]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1179,1328,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(up to 36 grooves). Additionally, they stated that the outer capsule of the egg was wider for
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LaFortune" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1084,1214,1879,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1214,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. lacertina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[1279,1429,1879,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1279,1429,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This may ultimately be proven true by future studies, but their data are contradictory in light of the revised
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1378,1436,1915,1941]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1378,1436,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxonomy.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C." box="[278,591,1951,1977]" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref15637" refString="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C. (1932) The validity of Siren intermedia Le Conte, with observations on its life history. American Museum Novitates, 532, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1932">Noble and Marshall (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared specimens of what they considered to be
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[1203,1355,1951,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1203,1355,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LaFortune" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. lacertina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the same locality (Maverick Co.,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[692,759,1987,2013]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
) to each other, as well as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[1044,1192,1987,2013]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1044,1192,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LaFortune" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1246,1375,1987,2013]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1246,1375,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="370">S. lacertina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Oakley, Berkeley Co.,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[404,576,151,177]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
. A recent genetic study (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LaFortune, T. C." box="[846,1029,150,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" refId="ref14606" refString="LaFortune, T. C. (2015) Species Identification and Habitat Assessment of the South Texas Siren. M. S. Thesis, University of Texas at Brownsville, Brownsville, Texas, 91 pp." type="book" year="2015">LaFortune 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) found that the Rio Grande drainage has only one genetic group of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[492,550,187,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[492,550,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">Siren</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; thus,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C." box="[627,932,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref15637" refString="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C. (1932) The validity of Siren intermedia Le Conte, with observations on its life history. American Museum Novitates, 532, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1932">Noble and Marshall (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Flores-Villela, O. & Brandon, R. A." box="[987,1374,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" pagination="289 - 291" refId="ref13630" refString="Flores-Villela, O. & Brandon, R. A. (1992) Siren lacertina (Amphibia: Caudata) in northeastern Mexico and southern Texas. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 61, 289 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 226656" type="journal article" year="1992">Flores-Villela and Brandon (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were comparing large and smaller individuals of the same species (now
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[894,1007,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[894,1007,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">S. nettingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) using different names. Their findings indicate that different-sized individuals of the same species may have different-sized eggs, or they were comparing specimens with eggs at various stages of development.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7784344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784344/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" startId="20.[152,255,1532,1556]" targetBox="[155,1433,350,1505]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="20.[151,1436,1532,1737]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,293,1532,1557]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Live
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[352,521,1533,1557]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[352,521,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">Siren intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens belonging to mtDNA lineages B and C. A Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612). B Lineage C from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). C Lineage B from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). D Lineage B from Jackson Co., Florida (UF Herp 188901). E Head of lineage B specimen from Holmes Co., Florida (UF Herp 188769). F Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188612) (lineage C). G Head of lineage C specimen from Berkeley Co., South Carolina (UF Herp 188613). The latter two specimens are from the same locality but differ dramatically in pattern and coloration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="20.[151,1437,1783,2025]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="374" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,254,1783,1809]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">Size.</emphasis>
|
||
The largest specimen we examined (UF Herp 186989) measured
|
||
<quantity box="[984,1077,1783,1809]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" unit="mm" value="191.0">191 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL and
|
||
<quantity box="[1187,1280,1783,1810]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 mm</quantity>
|
||
TaL (
|
||
<quantity box="[1343,1437,1783,1809]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" unit="mm" value="316.0">316 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C." box="[208,490,1819,1845]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref15637" refString="Noble, G. K. & Marshall, B. C. (1932) The validity of Siren intermedia Le Conte, with observations on its life history. American Museum Novitates, 532, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1932">Noble & Marshall (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported a male
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[673,821,1819,1845]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[673,821,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MCZ Herp A-140) from Georgetown,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1262,1432,1819,1845]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
, that measured
|
||
<quantity box="[312,403,1855,1881]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.12" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" unit="mm" value="212.0">212 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL and
|
||
<quantity box="[512,603,1855,1881]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.47" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" unit="mm" value="347.0">347 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL. This animal is likely a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[1029,1177,1855,1881]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1029,1177,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineage C.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Goin, C. J." box="[1300,1436,1855,1882]" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" pagination="37 - 42" refId="ref13823" refString="Goin, C. J. (1957) Description of a new salamander of the genus Siren from the Rio Grande. Herpetologica, 13 (1), 37 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1439392" type="journal article" year="1957">Goin (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided
|
||
<quantity box="[256,346,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" unit="mm" value="240.0">240 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL and
|
||
<quantity box="[453,544,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" unit="mm" value="381.0">381 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL for the maximum size of “
|
||
<emphasis box="[870,1037,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">
|
||
S. i.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[916,1037,1891,1917]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">intermedia</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
” specimens he examined. However, he failed to provide the collecting locality or attribute the measurements to a vouchered specimen; thus, we are unable to assign it to a lineage. Because Goin assumed that only
|
||
<emphasis box="[865,1034,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">
|
||
S. i.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[913,1034,1963,1989]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="20" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">intermedia</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was present in the coastal drainages of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[185,315,1999,2025]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[329,433,1999,2025]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[543,624,1999,2025]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
Parishes of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[772,885,1999,2025]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="20" pageNumber="371">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
, he may have attributed the size to a specimen that we now recognize as
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[438,551,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[438,551,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. nettingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, his measurements closely match the size of the largest
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1323,1437,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1323,1437,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. nettingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen we sequenced (LSUMZ 87289;
|
||
<quantity box="[643,740,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="270.0">270 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL,
|
||
<quantity box="[822,919,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.08" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="408.0">408 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL) and the largest
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1166,1284,187,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1166,1284,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. nettingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the AUM collection (AUM 40435;
|
||
<quantity box="[445,541,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.42" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="242.0">242 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL,
|
||
<quantity box="[621,718,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="365.0">365 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL). The smallest sexually mature female (UF Herp 190904) measured
|
||
<quantity box="[265,344,258,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL and
|
||
<quantity box="[457,549,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="119.0">119 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784346" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7784346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784346/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="372" startId="21.[152,255,1888,1912]" targetBox="[195,1393,185,1859]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1888,2020]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,290,1888,1912]" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Live
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" box="[347,528,1888,1912]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="21" pageNumber="372" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[347,528,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="372">Siren sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens.A Holotype specimen from Okaloosa Co., Florida (UF Herp 185209). B Dorsal view of an adult found in shallow water where specimens were buried in the sandy bottom. C Dorsolateral view of an adult found in a deeper creek with deep muck deposits where specimens were found by digging through sphagnum root masses and fluid muck. D Juvenile from a shallow, sand-bottomed creek. E Adult hypertrophic male with a partially regenerated tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7784348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784348/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="373" startId="22.[152,255,1785,1809]" targetBox="[155,1432,186,1758]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1437,1785,2026]" pageId="22" pageNumber="373">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,294,1785,1809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="373">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" box="[301,485,1786,1810]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[301,485,1786,1810]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="373">Siren sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
habitats. A Type locality at Junior Walton Pond, Okaloosa Co., Florida, showing the feeding stream channel lined with thick muck and vegetation. B Type locality at Junior Walton Pond, Okaloosa Co., Florida, showing sphagnum mats and assorted vegetation covering a thick layer of muck and root masses. C Surface of a sphagnum bog on Bull Pen Branch, Okaloosa Co., Florida, where dense vegetation and 60 cm of muck provide ideal habitat for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" box="[1203,1351,1894,1918]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1203,1351,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="373">S. sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. D Seep at the head of Krul Lake, Santa Rosa Co., Florida, where shallow surface water flows over 15‒90 cm of fluid muck covered by grassy vegetation and sphagnum mats. E & F Hillside seepage pools along Carr Spring Branch, Okaloosa Co., Florida, where intermittent pools are deceptively deep and filled with fluid muck, like many other localities inhabited by
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" box="[1224,1373,2002,2026]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1224,1373,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="373">S. sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="374" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,353,294,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Our findings restrict
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[589,737,295,321]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[589,737,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to Atlantic and Gulf drainages from the vicinity of Chesapeake Bay south to central
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[378,459,331,357]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
and west throughout the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[738,819,331,357]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
panhandle (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[954,1021,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[152,255,1509,1533]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,668,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-242@18.[151,1436,668,1486]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution map of specimens assigned to Siren intermedia (orange circles) and S. nettingi (blue circles). The red line is the eastern boundary of the Mobile drainage from EDNA Derived Watersheds for Major Named Rivers (https://edna. usgs.gov/watersheds/kml_index.htm). The Mobile drainage lacks S. intermedia records and is the easternmost drainage where S. nettingi occurs. Our westernmost records of S. intermedia are from the Escambia drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7784342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7784342/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens attributed to this species from the Mobile Bay drainage westward are likely either
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[794,908,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[794,908,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. nettingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" box="[945,1110,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[945,1110,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,390,402,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">Common name.</emphasis>
|
||
The first common name assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barnes" authorityYear="1826" box="[814,964,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[814,964,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was Intermediate
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Gray 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[1174,1382,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
Siren (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gray, J. E." box="[1249,1374,403,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref13940" refString="Gray, J. E. (1831) A synopsis of the species of the Class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E. & Pidgeon, E. (Ed.), The Animal Kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, with additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. Volume the Ninth. The Class Reptilia arranged by the Baron Cuvier, with specific descriptions. Appendix. Whittaker Treacher, and Co. London, pp. 1 - 86 + 1 - 110 (Appendix), pls. 1 - 55." type="book chapter" year="1831">Gray 1831</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and we suggest using this name instead of Lesser
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[664,723,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Siren</taxonomicName>
|
||
because there are three larger sirens (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LaFortune" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1149,1282,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertina">S. lacertina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1293,1432,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">S. reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goin" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[151,268,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nettingi">S. nettingi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) and three smaller sirens (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fedler & Enge & Moler" authorityYear="2023" box="[576,744,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Siren" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphagnicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[576,744,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">S. sphagnicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[760,1196,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Netting & Goin" authorityYear="1942" box="[760,1060,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Pseudobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="axanthus">Pseudobranchus axanthus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1073,1188,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Sirenidae" genus="Pseudobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striatus">P. striatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. This also aligns the epithet with the common name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,759,546,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,454,546,572]" pageId="23" pageNumber="374">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
See Supplemental
|
||
<tableCitation box="[669,753,547,573]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,245,548,572]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Primers used for PCR and sequencing gene fragments." pageId="23" pageNumber="374">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |