280 lines
33 KiB
XML
280 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="32E7BAAEA12FB9DA00A7D78D6DDA5EA7" ID-CLB-Dataset="36496" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.293953" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5a11f934-af69-4ea9-9d64-301d6b5de25b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="293953" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460201567333" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Maczey, Norbert, Dhendup, Kuenzang, Cannon, Paul, Hywel-Jones, Nigel & Rai, Tek Bahadur" docDate="2010" docId="457587E5FFAE9D57E5C5F88CFDB5FCBB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02412p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2412" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Thitarodes caligophilus Maczey, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="B94CFF9DFFAB9D5EE552FF81FF8DFFBC" masterDocTitle="Thitarodes namnai sp. nov. and T. caligophilus sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), hosts of the economically important entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis in Bhutan" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="42" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1732567311749" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="DBF28D89B27698E23EF907C02C8DF8E8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EC2308444CF53FE91E2FBF2A50D5A200">
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<mods:title id="5DD6E18BE3E6A09CE01EF5CDB143F671">Thitarodes namnai sp. nov. and T. caligophilus sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), hosts of the economically important entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis in Bhutan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="88C0DDC1B31671AEC3D07D5852011533" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4B58F3530A5400FE71A9BF6CA16C6EC6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E248D96898CA37207D04D4A16547B2FD">Maczey, Norbert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="84951FFA7E612B39BC2F61D247C1ACC6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="22889A097B3A45E0CD91D45D1159A5B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B2AC0899EF2B8614BD124354AA6BEFCD">Dhendup, Kuenzang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="098B9CDFC7A3D57844E0831996ABF511" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="62FA76EB486CE3923B9EDF56FD23271A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9F9E28CC7FCF6BC86BF64884831F506C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C39DF7B97C4EC3C9B53555E74B0D0688">Cannon, Paul</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3350D2354126CA66FD272E487B489214" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2725D4E51833069AF1B4015C43830656">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D378A9D6BC6A58063617AB02E9D327D5">Hywel-Jones, Nigel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0A87E09101B1AB9611FF7EA407F5C851" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FABC116B0E244BDED804D4C2A80F6518">
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<mods:roleTerm id="093753940FC3180040891CFDE6F23B5F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0B912ABA242B1C690E7154DD69480754">Rai, Tek Bahadur</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5A40D8DE844893CEB8AEB9C21EC7EE0D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="061332F4F09F3B035834F3021A464C9B" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="97749E13715ADB80BA28ACC47FE373B0">
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<mods:title id="22640A361B37D1B9DE5A7F29CC830C98">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="266796E7B0EF1D9F5A5708B5046E0184">
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<mods:date id="A5C70D55A6D23CD711B35620A8CB4854">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1BF182A14497A79C74490D04AE38DC67" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7EC7446A5FAB4A4AFB9C51FC10C68920">2412</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="4334A8E26E6DBEFFF08C0E350C16E424" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="715C7B0283375BE09B120B8B7062FB85">42</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3128828F141A63E8DDBB59A6079FC953">52</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="DC1A171252A0C94EE70491B680207352">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8DA2C3FC3D0CF9E712DDD9CADC4ABACB" type="CLB-Dataset">36496</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5F5CC39080E71F154EEFFBD4F94CC5B6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.293953</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FAEE7D46BCC7142654777FDB58F697AE" type="GBIF-Dataset">5a11f934-af69-4ea9-9d64-301d6b5de25b</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EF7C43CDADAC1734D2B77BF4FD102675" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="44DD45DF5A5CE1E8356FB7F9CCD3F2FE" type="Zenodo-Dep">293953</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="457587E5FFAE9D57E5C5F88CFDB5FCBB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6205889" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127701484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6205889" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:457587E5FFAE9D57E5C5F88CFDB5FCBB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/457587E5FFAE9D57E5C5F88CFDB5FCBB" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" scope_family="Hepialidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
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<subSubSection id="85C66578FFAE9D5BE5C5F88CFEACF8F6" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAE9D5BE5C5F88CFD0BF89B" blockId="5.[151,646,1805,1866]" box="[151,646,1805,1831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="962B819FFFAE9D5BE5C5F88CFD0BF89B" bold="true" box="[151,646,1805,1831]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAE9D5BE5C5F88CFD0BF89B" bold="true" box="[151,646,1805,1831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFAE9D5BE5C5F88CFD91F89B" ID-CoL="BTBJ3" authority="Maczey" authorityName="Maczey" box="[151,540,1805,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAE9D5BE5C5F88CFE39F89B" bold="true" box="[151,436,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Thitarodes caligophilus</emphasis>
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Maczey
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E49B579AFFAE9D5BE77AF88CFD0BF89B" box="[552,646,1805,1831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAE9D5BE5C5F8B1FEACF8F6" blockId="5.[151,646,1805,1866]" box="[151,289,1840,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
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<figureCitation id="55E72A76FFAE9D5BE5C5F8B1FEACF8F6" box="[151,289,1840,1866]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 25 – 28" captionStart-1="FIGURES 29 – 35" captionStartId-0="6.[151,273,867,891]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,272,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox-0="[179,1412,191,840]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1429,204,1734]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[172,1416,176,853]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1776]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 25 – 28. Thitarodes caligophilus: 25. holotype, male, label 10027; 26. paratype, female, label 10028; 27. paratype, male, label 10025; 28. paratype, male, label 100026." captionText-1="FIGURES 29 – 35. Thitarodes caligophilus, genitalia: 29 – 31. caudal, 32 – 35. latero-caudal view; 29. & 32. holotype, male, label 10027; 30. & 33. paratype, male, label 10025; 31. & 34. paratype, male, label 100026; 35. paratype, female, label 10028." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/293958/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/293959/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Figs. 25–35</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="85C66578FFAE9D5BE5C5F8FBFD84F806" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAE9D5BE5C5F8FBFD84F806" blockId="5.[151,1435,1914,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAE9D5BE5C5F8FBFEAEF828" bold="true" box="[151,291,1914,1940]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Latin for ‘the fog and gloom loving one’; the name refers to weather conditions prevalent during the flight period of this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="99A3667BFFAD9D58E5C5FCE2FCBDFC27" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293958/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" targetBox="[179,1412,191,840]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E5C5FCE2FCBDFC27" blockId="6.[151,1436,867,923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAD9D58E5C5FCE2FEE9FCC7" bold="true" box="[151,356,867,891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">FIGURES 25–28.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFAD9D58E43EFCE5FDF9FCC7" box="[364,628,868,891]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAD9D58E43EFCE5FDF9FCC7" box="[364,628,868,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Thitarodes caligophilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: 25. holotype, male, label 10027; 26. paratype, female, label 10028; 27. paratype, male, label 10025; 28. paratype, male, label 100026.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="85C66578FFAD9D56E596FC49FBC4F924" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596FC49FCDDFC5F" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" box="[196,848,968,995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAD9D58E596FC49FE87FC5E" bold="true" box="[196,266,968,994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Male.</emphasis>
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Description based on
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<typeStatus id="12678851FFAD9D58E743FC48FDFAFC5F" box="[529,631,969,995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="55E72A76FFAD9D58E7D5FC48FD64FC5F" box="[647,745,969,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 28" captionStartId="6.[151,273,867,891]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,191,840]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1416,176,853]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 28. Thitarodes caligophilus: 25. holotype, male, label 10027; 26. paratype, female, label 10028; 27. paratype, male, label 10025; 28. paratype, male, label 100026." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293958/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">Figs. 25</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="55E72A76FFAD9D58E7A7FC48FCCFFC5F" box="[757,834,969,995]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 35" captionStartId="7.[151,272,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[178,1429,204,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1776]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 35. Thitarodes caligophilus, genitalia: 29 – 31. caudal, 32 – 35. latero-caudal view; 29. & 32. holotype, male, label 10027; 30. & 33. paratype, male, label 10025; 31. & 34. paratype, male, label 100026; 35. paratype, female, label 10028." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293959/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">29, 32</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596FC6FFA11FBB4" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" box="[196,1436,1006,1032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">SIZE: Wingspan: 44.0 mm; forewing length: 20.0 mm; hindwing length: 17.0 mm; body length: 14.5 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596FB92FDF6FB91" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" box="[196,635,1043,1069]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">ANTENNAE: Uniformly rust brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596FBB8FBAEFBC4" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">BODY: Head and thorax red-brown covered densely with ochraceous hairs; prothorax interspersed with some dark brown hairs; abdomen brown, covered in ochraceous yellow hairs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596FB02FAC1F99E" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">FOREWINGS: Mainly different shades of grey derived from a mixture of silvery, golden and dark brown scales, mottled with dark brown markings; between C and R uniformly golden grey; narrow sub-terminal fascia grey-white extending from R3 to Cu2, interrupted between M2 and Cu2 by dark spots, basally accompanied by wavelike black fascia of varying width, extending basad towards centres of cells; oval dark brown stigma with small silvery-white discal spot; sub-basal patch of grey-white and black spots; large black spot bordered by a lining of golden-grey scales filling cell between vein A and dorsum reaching distal ¼ of wing length; second large black spot filling the centre of cell between Cu2 and A; borders of spot lobed; fringe dark brown in regular intervals interspersed with yellow scales. Costa straight; Sc unbranched; R2 and R3 stalked, length of stalk about ¾ length from base of R2+3 to margin; R4 and R5 stalked, length of stalk about 1/6 of length from base R4+5 to margin; cross vein R5-M1 well discernible, reaching R5 distad from furcation of R4 and R5; two cross veins between A and CuP; one crossvein between Cup and CuA; A reaching margin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596F9B1FADFF9D3" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">HINDWINGS: Uniformly dark grey, covered with light brown hairs, slightly translucent; fringe uniformly brown; wing venation similar to forewing but CuP reaching margin; vein A weak, not reaching margin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596F9FBFC38F906" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">
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LEGS: All legs densely setose with ochraceous hairs, lacking spurs; hind tibia slightly broadened and dorsally densely covered with ochraceous
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<quantity id="0A249B16FFAD9D58E7DAF921FD41F906" box="[648,716,1696,1722]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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long scent-brushes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAD9D58E596F944FBCDF858" blockId="6.[151,1437,968,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48">GENITAL STRUCTURES: In caudal view tegumen triangular, elongated towards the inner process. Dorsal process of tegumen obtusely lobed and only weakly sclerotised. Caudal margin of tegumen curved outwards in basal half, but almost straight dorso-ventral in inner half (in caudal view). Margin of tegumen curved caudal along inner half, margin smooth. The caudal margin is sclerotised dark brown to almost black; the inner half particularly including the inner process is fully sclerotised. Base of vinculum with evenly curved-shaped dilation. Saccus evenly curved without any indentation. Valve densely hairy, base sclerotised dark brown with acute, spine-like apex; single acute spine diverging from valve at 1/3 of its length. Juxta almost quadratical, posterior end with rounded edges. Aedeagus not sclerotized.</paragraph>
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<caption id="99A3667BFFAC9D59E5C5F884FE96F8E1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293959/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[178,1429,204,1734]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAC9D59E5C5F884FE96F8E1" blockId="7.[151,1436,1797,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAC9D59E5C5F884FEEEF8A1" bold="true" box="[151,355,1797,1821]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">FIGURES 29–35.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAC9D59E438F887FDFBF8A1" box="[362,630,1798,1821]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFAC9D59E438F887FDFEF8A1" box="[362,627,1798,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">Thitarodes caligophilus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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genitalia: 29–31. caudal, 32–35. latero-caudal view; 29. & 32. holotype, male, label 10027; 30. & 33. paratype, male, label 10025; 31. & 34. paratype, male, label 100026; 35. paratype, female, label 10028.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAC9D59E596F80AFF69F877" blockId="7.[151,1436,1931,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFAC9D59E596F80AFEA7F819" bold="true" box="[196,298,1931,1957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Female.</emphasis>
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Description based on
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<typeStatus id="12678851FFAC9D59E76DF80AFD25F819" box="[575,680,1931,1957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="55E72A76FFAC9D59E7E8F80AFCACF819" box="[698,801,1931,1957]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 28" captionStartId="6.[151,273,867,891]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,191,840]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1416,176,853]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 28. Thitarodes caligophilus: 25. holotype, male, label 10027; 26. paratype, female, label 10028; 27. paratype, male, label 10025; 28. paratype, male, label 100026." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293958/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Figs. 26</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="55E72A76FFAC9D59E67DF80AFCDFF819" box="[815,850,1931,1957]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 35" captionStartId="7.[151,272,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[178,1429,204,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1776]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 35. Thitarodes caligophilus, genitalia: 29 – 31. caudal, 32 – 35. latero-caudal view; 29. & 32. holotype, male, label 10027; 30. & 33. paratype, male, label 10025; 31. & 34. paratype, male, label 100026; 35. paratype, female, label 10028." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293959/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">35</figureCitation>
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). Similar to male with the exceptions described below.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFAC9D59E596F857FA11F84C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1931,2032]" box="[196,1436,2006,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">SIZE: Wingspan: 51.5 mm; forewing length: 24.0 mm; hindwing length: 20.0 mm; body length: 15.0 mm.</paragraph>
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<caption id="99A3667BFFA39D56E5C5FB1AFD71FB0F" box="[151,764,1179,1203]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293960/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[151,1435,211,1157]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E5C5FB1AFD71FB0F" blockId="8.[151,764,1179,1203]" box="[151,764,1179,1203]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA39D56E5C5FB1AFEABFB0F" bold="true" box="[151,294,1179,1203]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
|
||
‘Namna’, the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA39D56E77EFB1DFD7BFB0F" box="[556,758,1180,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namnai">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA39D56E77EFB1DFD7BFB0F" box="[556,758,1180,1203]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Thitarodes namnai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E596FB60FC15FB47" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" box="[196,920,1249,1275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">ANTENNAE: Uniformly rust brown, dorsally slightly darker.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E596FA87FF55FAF9" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">BODY: Head and prothorax interspersed with some dark brown hairs; abdomen brown covered in brown hairs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E596FAD0FBE0FA62" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">FOREWINGS: Sub-terminal fascia very similar to the one in male, but basally accompanied by wavelike, interrupted black fascia, extending basally towards centres of cells; oval dark brown stigma, bordered by a line of golden scales; large black spot filling centre of cell between Cu2 and A; in centre with silvery-white discal spot, borders of spot lined with golden-grey scales; wing venation as in male.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E596FA68FD8EF9BF" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" box="[196,515,1513,1539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">HINDWINGS: As in male.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E596F98FFC6CF994" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" box="[196,993,1550,1576]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">LEGS: All legs densely setose with ochraceous hairs, lacking spurs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E596F9B5FBC4F924" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">GENITAL STRUCTURES: Preanal sclerite triangular, densely setose; lateral arms of prevulvar sclerite rectangular and elongated, densely setose; intergenital lobe rectangular with slightly dilated and rounded corners dorsally, densely setose; intergenital sclerite as slightly curved rectangle.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85C66578FFA39D56E594F922FC49F8C4" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E594F922FD75F95F" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA39D56E594F922FECDF901" bold="true" box="[198,320,1699,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="12678851FFA39D56E594F922FEB6F901" box="[198,315,1699,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male, labelled:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA39D56E741F925FDE6F902" box="[531,619,1700,1726]" name="Bhutan" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Namna,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A8E85034FFA39D56E7BAF925FC2DF902" box="[744,928,1699,1726]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" precision="1" value="27.733973">N 27°44’02.3’’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A8E85034FFA39D56E6FCF925FBEBF902" box="[942,1126,1699,1726]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" precision="1" value="89.39227">E 89°23’32.2’’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; Altitude
|
||
<quantity id="0A249B16FFA39D56E1BAF925FADDF902" box="[1256,1360,1700,1726]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="4.75">4,750 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<date id="B9621033FFA39D56E5C5F948FE92F95F" box="[151,287,1737,1763]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" value="2007-07-20">20.vii.2007</date>
|
||
, 19:31, Kuenzang Dhendup leg., 10027.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E594F96FFC7FF892" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA39D56E594F96FFBC7F8B4" bold="true" box="[198,1098,1774,1800]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="12678851FFA39D56E594F96FFECEF8B4" box="[198,323,1774,1800]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="12678851FFA39D56E754F96FFDFFF8B4" box="[518,626,1774,1800]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
except collection date and label nr.).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Female,
|
||
<date id="B9621033FFA39D56E1E9F96FFACEF8B4" box="[1211,1347,1774,1800]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" value="2007-07-19">19.vii.2007</date>
|
||
, 09:10, 10028, male,
|
||
<date id="B9621033FFA39D56E464F895FE32F892" box="[310,447,1812,1838]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" value="2007-07-15">15.vii.2007</date>
|
||
, 19:25, 10025; male,
|
||
<date id="B9621033FFA39D56E7EEF895FCC9F892" box="[700,836,1812,1838]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" value="2007-07-20">20.vii.2007</date>
|
||
, 19:25, 10026.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D56E594F8B8FC49F8C4" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
|
||
All specimens are deposited at the National Biodiversity Centre (NBC) in Serbithang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA39D56E182F8B8FAA5F8EF" box="[1232,1320,1849,1875]" name="Bhutan" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="12678851FFA39D56E067F8B8FA16F8EF" box="[1333,1435,1849,1875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
collection-nr. 10027;
|
||
<typeStatus id="12678851FFA39D56E4C0F8DFFD8FF8C4" box="[402,514,1886,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
collection-nr. 10025, 10026 & 10028.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85C66578FFA39D57E594F802FA91FF40" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA39D57E594F802FA91FF40" blockId="8.[151,1437,1249,2024]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,152,775]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA39D56E594F802FECBF821" bold="true" box="[198,326,1923,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA39D56E402F805FDE4F821" box="[336,617,1924,1949]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA39D56E402F805FDE4F821" box="[336,617,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="50">Thitarodes caligophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a medium-sized and only slightly dimorphic representative of its genus. With a wingspan ranging from 44.0 to 47.0 mm males are smaller than the only measured female (wingspan 51.5 mm). In comparison to other species of the genus it is characterised by a rather bluntly rounded apex of the forewings, which display a characteristic colour pattern of different shades of grey. The species can easily be identified by the shape of the valve of the male genitalia with its combination of a spinelike apex plus a single acute spine diverging from the valve at one third of its length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="55E72A76FFA29D57E12CFF63FA82FF40" box="[1150,1295,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 35" captionStartId="7.[151,272,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[178,1429,204,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1776]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 35. Thitarodes caligophilus, genitalia: 29 – 31. caudal, 32 – 35. latero-caudal view; 29. & 32. holotype, male, label 10027; 30. & 33. paratype, male, label 10025; 31. & 34. paratype, male, label 100026; 35. paratype, female, label 10028." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293959/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Figs. 29–34</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85C66578FFA29D57E594FE86FBFCFD2B" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA29D57E594FE86FBD7FD9B" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,775]" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E594FE86FEDCFE9D" bold="true" box="[198,337,263,289]" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
RELATED SPECIES FROM
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E78AFE89FCB7FE9E" box="[728,826,264,290]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">NEPAL</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Size and colour scheme differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E04CFE89FA11FE9D" box="[1310,1436,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E04CFE89FA11FE9D" box="[1310,1436,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Thitarodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E4FEFEACFE7FFEFB" box="[428,498,301,327]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
so far. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E7A2FEACFC13FEFA" box="[752,926,301,326]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E7A2FEACFC13FEFA" box="[752,926,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. caligophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are generally larger although females from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E5C5FED3FE85FED7" box="[151,264,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E5C5FED3FE85FED7" box="[151,264,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be of similar size as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E768FED3FD66FED7" box="[570,747,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E768FED3FD66FED7" box="[570,747,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. caligophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Colour pattern in this species is characterised by a more uniform pattern of different shades of grey not showing as prominent large spots or fasciae as in the species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E58BFE1CFEA9FE0B" box="[217,292,413,439]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. There are distinctive differences in the male genitalia between all three species described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E5C5FE43FF6CFE60" box="[151,225,450,476]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The main difference from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E74DFE43FDF2FE67" box="[543,639,450,475]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eberti">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E74DFE43FDF2FE67" box="[543,639,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. eberti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the species with the greatest similarities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E1D6FE43FABCFE67" box="[1156,1329,450,475]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E1D6FE43FABCFE67" box="[1156,1329,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. caligophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is in the shape of the valve with its combination of a spine-like apex plus a single acute spine diverging from the valve at 1/3 of its length. The latter spine is missing in all species described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E15EFD8CFBDBFD9B" box="[1036,1110,525,551]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA29D57E596FDB3FBFCFD2B" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,775]" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">
|
||
RELATED SPECIES FROM
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E776FDB3FD08FDF0" box="[548,645,562,588]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. On the basis of wing venation
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E6A4FDB3FA81FDF7" box="[1014,1292,562,587]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E6A4FDB3FA81FDF7" box="[1014,1292,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Thitarodes caligophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E423FDD9FDAEFDCD" box="[369,547,600,625]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jialangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E423FDD9FDAEFDCD" box="[369,547,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. jialangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E732FDD9FD7DFDCD" box="[608,752,600,625]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Hepialus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E732FDD9FD7DFDCD" box="[608,752,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. namensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the position of the spine on the valve differs significantly from the species as it does with all other species described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E171FDFCFBE0FD2B" box="[1059,1133,637,663]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85C66578FFA29D57E596FD23FDB5FCBB" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD6336F3FFA29D57E596FD23FDB5FCBB" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,775]" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">
|
||
RELATED SPECIES FROM
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5CB7663FFA29D57E77FFD23FD03FD00" box="[557,654,674,700]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E7CBFD23FC3CFD07" box="[665,945,674,699]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nipponensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E7CBFD23FC3CFD07" box="[665,945,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">Thitarodes nipponensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is surprisingly similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADC4D70FFA29D57E1BBFD23FA16FD07" box="[1257,1435,674,699]" class="Insecta" family="Hepialidae" genus="Thitarodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFA8EAE1FFA29D57E1BBFD23FA16FD07" box="[1257,1435,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="51">T. caligophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with regards to its wing venation; however, it differs significantly in the shape of the male genitalia, particularly the shape of the valves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |