treatments-xml/data/43/48/98/43489805F6346165E57D38AA82956AFE.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974" ID-GBIF-Dataset="125e0951-eb52-4464-8449-200edf801a02" ID-PMC="PMC5993860" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-34-63" ID-PubMed="29892206" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-4049-34-63" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 34" ModsDocTitle="New Fusarium species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa" checkinTime="1527871342263" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sandoval-Denis, Marcelo, Swart, Wijnand J. &amp; Crous, Pedro W." docDate="2018" docId="43489805F6346165E57D38AA82956AFE" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 34: 63-92" docOrigin="MycoKeys 34" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974" docTitle="Fusarium convolutans Sandoval-Denis, Crous &amp; W. J. Swart, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="BF0FFFF3FFD9384BFFCBFFF7FFC7FFCB" masterDocTitle="New Fusarium species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1668135997706" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New Fusarium species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sandoval-Denis, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Swart, Wijnand J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Crous, Pedro W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>34</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>63</mods:start>
<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-34-63</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="144212023" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:43489805F6346165E57D38AA82956AFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/43489805F6346165E57D38AA82956AFE" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName LSID="MB825102" authority="Sandoval-Denis, Crous &amp; W. J. Swart" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium convolutans" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="convolutans">Fusarium convolutans Sandoval-Denis, Crous &amp; W.J. Swart</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="63">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 5
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Different from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. circinatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="circinatum">F. circinatum</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. pseudocircinatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="pseudocircinatum">F. pseudocircinatum</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Donnell">O'Donnell</normalizedToken>
&amp; Nirenberg and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. sterilihyphosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="sterilihyphosum">F. sterilihyphosum</taxonomicName>
Britz, Marasas &amp; M.J. Wingf. by the absence of aerial conidia (microconidia) and the presence of chlamydospores. Different from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. buharicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="buharicum">F. buharicum</taxonomicName>
Jacz. ex Babajan &amp; Teterevn.-Babajan and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. sublunatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="sublunatum">F. sublunatum</taxonomicName>
by its shorter, less septate and less curved conidia and by the presence of sterile hyphal coils.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
South Africa, Kruger National Park, Skukuza, Granite Supersite, 
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.109417">25°06'33.9&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 31°34' 
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="40.9">40.9E</geoCoordinate>
, from rhizosphere soil of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Kyphocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kyphocarpa angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">Kyphocarpa angustifolia</taxonomicName>
, 23 Mar 2015, W.J. Swart, holotype CBS H-23495, dried culture on OA, ex-holotype strain CBS 144207 = CPC 33733.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Colonies on PDA growing in the dark with an average radial growth rate of 2.1-4.8 mm/d, 4.4-5.8 mm/d and 4.6-6.3 mm/d at 24, 27 and 30 °C, respectively; reaching 11-28 mm diam. in 7 d at 24 °C and a maximum of 23-37 mm diam. in 7 d at 30 °C. Minimum temperature for growth 12 °C, maximum 36 °C, optimal 27-33 °C. Colony surface white to cream coloured, flat and highly irregular in shape, velvety to felty, with scant and short aerial mycelium; colony margins highly irregular to rhizoid, with abundant white to grey submerged mycelium. Reverse white, straw to yellow diffusible pigment produced between 21-33 °C, scarcely produced and turning luteous to orange at 36 °C. Colonies on CMA and OA incubated in the dark reaching 40-48 mm diam. in 7 d at 24 °C. Colony surface white to cream coloured, flat or slightly elevated at the centre, velvety to dusty; aerial mycelium abundant, short and dense, concentrated on the colony centre; margins membranous and regular, buff to honey coloured, without aerial mycelium. Reverse ochreous without diffusible pigments. Sporulation scant from conidiophores formed on the aerial mycelium, sporodochia not formed. 
<taxonomicName genus="Conidiophores" lsidName="Conidiophores" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Conidiophores</taxonomicName>
on the aerial mycelium straight or flexuous, smooth- and thin-walled, simple, mostly reduced to conidiogenous cells borne laterally on hyphae or up to 50 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
tall, bearing terminal single or paired monophialides; phialides subulate to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled, 15.5-22 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long, (3.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)4–">-)4-</normalizedToken>
5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
at the widest point, with inconspicuous periclinal thickening and a short- flared collarette; conidia clustering in discrete false heads at the tip of monophialides, lunate to falcate, curved or somewhat straight, tapering gently toward the basal part, robust; apical cell often equal in length or slightly shorter than the adjacent cell, blunt to conical; basal cell papillate to distinctly notched, (1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
)3-septate, hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled. One-septate conidia: 24 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
; two-septate conidia: 24.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
; three-septate conidia: (25.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)29–36.5(–">-)29-36.5(-</normalizedToken>
38.5) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)5–6.5(–">-)5-6.5(-</normalizedToken>
7.5) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. 
<taxonomicName genus="Chlamydospores" lsidName="Chlamydospores" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Chlamydospores</taxonomicName>
abundantly formed, globose to subglobose, smooth- and thick-walled, (9.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)11–13.5(–">-)11-13.5(-</normalizedToken>
14) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
diam.; terminal or intercalary in the hyphae or conidia, often borne laterally at the tip of elongated, cylindrical, stalk-like projections, solitary or in small clusters. Sterile, coiled, sometimes branched hyphal projections abundantly formed laterally from the substrate and aerial mycelium.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
Figure 5. 
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium convolutans" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="convolutans">Fusarium convolutans</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
Colonies on PDA, SNA, OA and CMA, respectively, after 7 d at 24 °C in the dark 
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–I">E-I</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName genus="Conidiophores" lsidName="Conidiophores" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Conidiophores</taxonomicName>
, phialides and conidia 
<normalizedToken originalValue="J–M">J-M</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName genus="Chlamydospores" lsidName="Chlamydospores" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Chlamydospores</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="N–P">N-P</normalizedToken>
Sterile hyphal projections Q Conidia. Scale bars: 20 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(E, F); 5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
); 10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="J–Q">J-Q</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">South Africa.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
From Latin, &quot; 
<taxonomicName lsidName="convolutans" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="convolutans">convolutans</taxonomicName>
&quot;, participle of convolutare, coiling, in reference to the abundant sterile, coiled lateral hyphal projections.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="additional isolate examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Additional isolate examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
South Africa, Kruger National Park, Skukuza, Granite Supersite, 
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.109417">25°06'33.9&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 31°34' 
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="40.9">40.9E</geoCoordinate>
, from rhizosphere soil of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Kyphocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kyphocarpa angustifolia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">Kyphocarpa angustifolia</taxonomicName>
, 23 Mar 2015, W.J. Swart, CBS 144208 = CPC 33732.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
The main morphological feature of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. convolutans" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="convolutans">F. convolutans</taxonomicName>
, namely the production of sterile, coiled hyphal projections, grossly resembles other 
<taxonomicName class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium" order="Botryosphaeriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Fusarium</taxonomicName>
species producing similar structures i.e. 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. circinatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="circinatum">F. circinatum</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. pseudocircinatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="pseudocircinatum">F. pseudocircinatum</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. sterilihyphosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="sterilihyphosum">F. sterilihyphosum</taxonomicName>
. The three latter species, however, are genetically unrelated to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. convolutans" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="convolutans">F. convolutans</taxonomicName>
, being allocated in the FFSC; and are also easily differentiable by the characteristics of the aerial conidia (typical 
<taxonomicName class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium" order="Botryosphaeriales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Fusarium</taxonomicName>
microconidia are absent in the new species) and the lack of chlamydospores (present in the new species) (
<bibRefCitation author="Leslie, JF" journalOrPublisher="Phytobiomes" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" url="https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" year="2006">Leslie and Summerell 2006</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium convolutans" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="convolutans">Fusarium convolutans</taxonomicName>
can be easily differentiated morphologically from their phylogenetically closely related species, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. buharicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="buharicum">F. buharicum</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. sublunatum." pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="sublunatum.">F. sublunatum.</taxonomicName>
It has relative simple conidiophores and shorter, less septate and markedly less curved conidia (up to 38.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long and 1-3-septate vs. up to 87 and 81 
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long, 0-8-septate in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. buharicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="buharicum">F. buharicum</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. sublunatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="sublunatum">F. sublunatum</taxonomicName>
, respectively) (
<bibRefCitation author="Gerlach, W" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Biologischen Bundesanstalt fuer Land- und Forstwirtschaft Berlin-Dahlem" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 406" title="The genus Fusarium - a pictorial atlas." volume="209" year="1982">Gerlach and Nirenberg 1982</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium buharicum" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="buharicum">Fusarium buharicum</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. sublunatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="sublunatum">F. sublunatum</taxonomicName>
also lack sterile hyphal coils.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>