257 lines
38 KiB
XML
257 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="4BE47BE9E067200E8E8C174EF1EBE18E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1755.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5123630" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627002299643" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ingrisch, Sigfrid" docDate="2008" docId="0638878CFFC1FFE119ECFDBFFA9FAB8A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01755p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1755 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1755.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paramacroxiphus aberrans C. Willemse 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FA01FFF4FFC7FFE9197BFFD2FFBBAC03" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genera Paramacroxiphus C. Willemse 1961 and Pseudomacroxiphus C. Willemse 1961 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini)" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699013632116" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="B02F309CF97880B88D576C28A3B4D756">Revision of the genera Paramacroxiphus C. Willemse 1961 and Pseudomacroxiphus C. Willemse 1961 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="55FFBB50EBF8BBCE056D72004BC5721E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2D9D97AD6A7550312C72079E46BAF2A7">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B064E67EB0D9719887B4F75B4E044F64">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A14013A58762C21C5E36CA17C97F2B5B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="637F1F96D4C931972ECD05207B263FDB">
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<mods:date id="C9D5CAFD6630F7459E65D53FBFA4B67E">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3B72CC03CB0183E5E7285FAF479DD57C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A4280EC04489701272B72C5D4BA6DCFA">2008-04-24</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="69575BC6B87372BB4E1996774E7D164E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A246D013E465277748053622403537FE">1755</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="5BAE08F356B63689DAAAE7C4EDA058FC">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1755.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="75E2FAC959FD0F0FF5130B82ADA290DE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D7902C2033C6F09E58685302C9A6759F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1755.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="66FD7C90EC747BF96A7220BB70DE877D" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0638878CFFC1FFE119ECFDBFFA9FAB8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123656" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5123656" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0638878CFFC1FFE119ECFDBFFA9FAB8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0638878CFFC1FFE119ECFDBFFA9FAB8A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C68B6511FFC1FFEF19ECFDBFFD01AE84" box="[151,698,621,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19ECFDBFFD01AE84" blockId="6.[151,698,621,682]" box="[151,698,621,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D56681F6FFC1FFEF19ECFDBFFD01AE84" bold="true" box="[151,698,621,647]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFC1FFEF19ECFDBFFD01AE84" ID-CoL="4D26B" authority="C. Willemse 1961" authorityName="C. Willemse" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,698,621,647]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
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<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC1FFEF19ECFDBFFD01AE84" bold="true" box="[151,698,621,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC1FFEF19ECFDBFFE59AE84" bold="true" box="[151,482,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramacroxiphus aberrans</emphasis>
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C.Willemse 1961
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C68B6511FFC1FFEF19ECFD42FD17AEA9" box="[151,684,656,682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19ECFD42FD17AEA9" blockId="6.[151,698,621,682]" box="[151,684,656,682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF19ECFD42FEBDAEA9" box="[151,262,656,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[175,1396,203,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[151,1436,156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Habitus (1–2), ovipositor (3), and face (4–6) of Paramacroxiphus species: 1–4, P. aberrans (1, 4, male paratype; 2–3, female paratype); 5, P. tessellatus female holotype; 6, P. bifasciatus male holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123632/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF1868FD42FE9FAEA9" box="[275,292,656,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–10" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1394,1418]" captionTargetBox="[177,1389,200,1386]" captionTargetId="figure-209@8.[151,1436,168,1409]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7–10. Stridulatory files on underside of left tegmen of Paramacroxiphus males: 7, P.aberrans paratype; 8, P. rufus holotype; 9, P. maculatus holotype; 10, P. securiformis holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123634/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF184BFD42FEC7AEA9" box="[304,380,656,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–28" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[200,1388,191,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-78@12.[180,1419,155,1874]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 16–28. Male cercus and tenth abdominal tergite of Paramacroxiphus species: 16, 19, 22, 26, cercus in dorsal view; 17, 20, 23, do. ventral view; 24, 27, do. internal view; 18, 21, 25, 28, male tenth abdominal tergite in dorso-apical (18) or dorsal view (21, 25, 28).—16–18, P.aberrans holotype; 19–21, P.rufus holotype; 22–25, P. maculatus holotype; 26–28, P. securiformis holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123640/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16–18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF18F3FD42FE68AEA9" box="[392,467,656,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–44" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1771,1795]" captionTargetBox="[171,1404,183,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-81@16.[153,1433,164,1750]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 35–44. Male subgenital plate (35–43) and stridulatory area of right tegmen (44) of Paramacroxiphus species: 35, P. elongatus holotype; 36, P. irregularius holotype; 37, P.rufus holotype; 38, P. securiformis holotype; 39, P.armatus holotype; 40, P. bifasciatus holotype; 41, P. maculatus holotype; 42, P. aberrans holotype; 43, P. brunneus holotype; 44, P.aberransparatype. Abbreviations: m mirror, s scrapper, sp field of spinules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123646/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">42, 44</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF189BFD42FD97AEA9" box="[480,556,656,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 57–66" captionStartId="22.[151,269,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[279,1301,197,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-81@22.[270,1309,185,1864]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 57–66. Male titillators of Paramacroxiphus species in ventro-distal view (57, 60, 63, 65), dorso-proximal view (58, 61, 64, 66), lateral view (59), and view on apex (62): 57–59, P. aberrans holotype; 60–62, P. securiformis holotype; 63–64, P. maculatus holotype; 65–66, P. rufus holotype. Abbreviations: ap apical part of titillator; as apico-lateral sclerite; bp basal part of titillator; bs baso-lateral sclerite. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123654/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">57–59</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF1B4CFD42FD38AEA9" box="[567,643,656,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 67–79" captionStartId="23.[151,269,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[253,1346,205,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-135@23.[245,1347,197,1761]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67–79. Female subgenital plate of Paramacroxiphus species in ventral view (67, 69, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78), lateral view (68, 71, 73, 75, 77) or recurved (79): 67–68, P. aberrans allotype (67) and paratype (68); 69, P. tessellatus holotype [the white arrow points at the apical cones]; 70–71, P. maculatus allotype; 72–73, P. uniformis holotype; 74–75, P. securiformis allotype; 76–77, P.rufus allotype (76) and paratype (77); 78, P.armatus paratype; 79, P. brunneus allotype. Abbreviations: ac apical cone; m membranous area; po pits at very base of ovipositor; ps pits at lateral area of subgenital plate; sd inner [= dorsal] surface of recurved subgenital plate; vv base of ventral valves of ovipositor usually hidden under subgenital plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123658/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">67–68</figureCitation>
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, 95
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C68B6511FFC1FFEF19ECFD32FB3FAEF4" box="[151,1156,736,759]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19ECFD32FB3FAEF4" blockId="6.[151,1156,736,759]" box="[151,1156,736,759]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFC1FFEF19ECFD32FD32AEF4" ID-CoL="4D26B" authority="C. Willemse 1961 a" authorityName="C. Willemse" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,649,736,759]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
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<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC1FFEF19ECFD32FE00AEF4" box="[151,443,736,759]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paramacroxiphus aberrans</emphasis>
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C.
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<bibRefCitation id="EA004B6BFFC1FFEF18ADFD32FD32AEF4" author="Willemse, C." box="[470,649,736,759]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1960 - 1961" refId="ref17659" refString="Willemse, C. (1961 a) Description of some new Orthoptera from the Indo-Malayan region (Tettigonioidea). Publicaties van het Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg 12 [1960 - 1961], 28 - 35; Maastricht." type="journal article" year="1961">Willemse 1961a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Publ. natuurh. Gen.
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<collectingRegion id="4C55F878FFC1FFEF1A17FD32FC72AEF4" box="[876,969,736,759]" country="Netherlands" name="Limburg" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Limburg</collectingRegion>
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12: 34, figs. 6–7.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C68B6511FFC1FFEF19ECFCFAFEB3AFB9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19ECFCFAFAE4AF69" blockId="6.[151,1437,808,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<materialsCitation id="3EF93CC7FFC1FFEF19ECFCFAFEABAF69" collectingDate="1959-07-01" collectingDateMax="1959-07-31" collectingDateMin="1959-07-01" collectorName="F. X. Ryan" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Murua Agricultural Station" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gulf" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="512A8838FFC1FFEF19ECFCFAFEBFAF41" box="[151,260,808,834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(male):
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<collectingCountry id="F686760AFFC1FFEF181CFCFAFDF6AF41" box="[359,589,808,834]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="4C55F878FFC1FFEF1B23FCFAFD52AF41" box="[600,745,808,834]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gulf district</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="8B4E6041FFC1FFEF1B8EFCFAFB89AF41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0638878CFFC1FFE119ECFDBFFA9FAB8A:8B4E6041FFC1FFEF1B8EFCFAFB89AF41" box="[757,1074,808,834]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Murua Agricultural Station" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Gulf">Murua Agricultural Station</location>
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(near Kerama),
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<date id="FA2F105AFFC1FFEF1D89FCFAFA2CAF41" box="[1266,1431,808,834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1959-07-01" valueMax="1959-07-31" valueMin="1959-07-01">
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<collectingDate id="EA6BE9B2FFC1FFEF1D89FCFAFA2CAF41" box="[1266,1431,808,834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1959-07-01" valueMax="1959-07-31" valueMin="1959-07-01">1–31.vii.1959</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="2364534CFFC1FFEF19ECFC82FEABAF69" box="[151,272,848,874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">F.X. Ryan</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3EF93CC7FFC1FFEF1860FC82FAE7AF69" box="[283,1372,848,874]" collectorName="C. Willemse" country="Netherlands" location="Willemse in Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="512A8838FFC1FFEF1860FC82FE33AF69" box="[283,392,848,874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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in Collection of
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<collectorName id="2364534CFFC1FFEF1B34FC82FD5BAF69" box="[591,736,848,874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
C.
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<location id="8B4E6041FFC1FFEF1B0AFC82FD5BAF69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0638878CFFC1FFE119ECFDBFFA9FAB8A:8B4E6041FFC1FFEF1B0AFC82FD5BAF69" box="[625,736,848,874]" country="Netherlands" name="Willemse in Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Willemse</location>
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</collectorName>
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in Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht,
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<collectingCountry id="F686760AFFC1FFEF1DB1FC82FAE7AF69" box="[1226,1372,848,874]" name="Netherlands" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19BDFCA5FEB3AFB9" blockId="6.[151,1437,808,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC1FFEF19BDFCA5FE62AF92" bold="true" box="[198,473,887,913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Specimens Examined</emphasis>
|
||
(
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<typeStatus id="512A8838FFC1FFEF188BFCAAFDD1AF91" box="[496,618,888,914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
):
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<materialsCitation id="3EF93CC7FFC1FFEF1BFEFCAAFEBFAFB9" collectionCode="NHME" collectorName="C. Willemse" country="Netherlands" location="Willemse in Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="allotype">
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||
<specimenCount id="9897FD13FFC1FFEF1BFEFCAAFD64AF91" box="[645,735,888,914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9897FD13FFC1FFEF1B88FCAAFCD7AF91" box="[755,876,888,914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
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(including
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<typeStatus id="512A8838FFC1FFEF1D78FCAAFBDDAF91" box="[1027,1126,888,914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
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), same data as holotype (
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<collectionCode id="E880AE5FFFC1FFEF19E4FC72FF47AFB9" box="[159,252,928,954]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6ssp-k6rj" name="Natuurhistorisch Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NHME</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C68B6511FFC1FFE119BDFC15FB22AA72" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19BDFC15FC35A831" blockId="6.[151,1437,808,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC1FFEF19BDFC15FEE5AFE2" bold="true" box="[198,350,967,993]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
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Fastigium verticis: eye diameter = 1.5: 2.0 mm; projecting 1.0 mm in front of eyes. Femora with the following number of spines on ventral margins: profemur 6–8 external, 5–7 internal; mesofemur 6–7 external, 3–5 internal; postfemur 14–16 external, 14–19 internal.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19BDFB92FD61A9E9" blockId="6.[151,1437,808,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Male. Stridulatory file
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<quantity id="49699B7FFFC1FFEF18AAFB92FDE4A859" box="[465,607,1088,1114]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.2 mm</quantity>
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long; curved in about middle, with large teeth in basal, narrow teeth in apical half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF1858FBBAFED7A881" box="[291,364,1128,1154]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–10" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1394,1418]" captionTargetBox="[177,1389,200,1386]" captionTargetId="figure-209@8.[151,1436,168,1409]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7–10. Stridulatory files on underside of left tegmen of Paramacroxiphus males: 7, P.aberrans paratype; 8, P. rufus holotype; 9, P. maculatus holotype; 10, P. securiformis holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123634/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
); with about 124–133 teeth or 39.5–41.5 teeth per mm; in middle with 34.9–36.7 teeth per mm; in basal half with 21.5–24.7 teeth per mm. Mirror rectangular with little curved margins, apex convex;
|
||
<quantity id="49699B7FFFC1FFEF19ECFB6AFEFBA8D1" box="[151,320,1208,1234]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" metricValueMax="2.11" metricValueMin="2.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.08" valueMax="2.11" valueMin="2.05">2.05–2.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="49699B7FFFC1FFEF18F6FB6AFE4CA8D1" box="[397,503,1208,1234]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.74" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.74">1.74 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Tenth abdominal tergite globular; apical margin bulging and a little projecting, excised in middle and with a short rounded lobe on both sides of excision; setose at apical margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF19E4FADAFF4DA921" box="[159,246,1288,1314]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–28" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[200,1388,191,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-78@12.[180,1419,155,1874]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 16–28. Male cercus and tenth abdominal tergite of Paramacroxiphus species: 16, 19, 22, 26, cercus in dorsal view; 17, 20, 23, do. ventral view; 24, 27, do. internal view; 18, 21, 25, 28, male tenth abdominal tergite in dorso-apical (18) or dorsal view (21, 25, 28).—16–18, P.aberrans holotype; 19–21, P.rufus holotype; 22–25, P. maculatus holotype; 26–28, P. securiformis holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123640/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epiproct with approaching lateral margins in basal and apical areas, parallel-sided in middle; with a deep pit in apical half. Projection of paraprocts transverse, lamellar. Cerci conical, short and stout, strongly curved mediad and narrowing in apical half; apex subacute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF1A15FA8AFC7CA971" box="[878,967,1368,1394]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–28" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[200,1388,191,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-78@12.[180,1419,155,1874]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 16–28. Male cercus and tenth abdominal tergite of Paramacroxiphus species: 16, 19, 22, 26, cercus in dorsal view; 17, 20, 23, do. ventral view; 24, 27, do. internal view; 18, 21, 25, 28, male tenth abdominal tergite in dorso-apical (18) or dorsal view (21, 25, 28).—16–18, P.aberrans holotype; 19–21, P.rufus holotype; 22–25, P. maculatus holotype; 26–28, P. securiformis holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123640/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
); ventral surface in apical area with an undulating lamella and before lamella with a short stylate projection (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF1AB6FA52FB9FA999" box="[973,1060,1408,1434]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–28" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[200,1388,191,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-78@12.[180,1419,155,1874]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 16–28. Male cercus and tenth abdominal tergite of Paramacroxiphus species: 16, 19, 22, 26, cercus in dorsal view; 17, 20, 23, do. ventral view; 24, 27, do. internal view; 18, 21, 25, 28, male tenth abdominal tergite in dorso-apical (18) or dorsal view (21, 25, 28).—16–18, P.aberrans holotype; 19–21, P.rufus holotype; 22–25, P. maculatus holotype; 26–28, P. securiformis holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123640/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subgenital plate wide in basal area with a faint medial and two faint lateral carinae; the lateral carinae continued as long curved projections of subgenital plate; styli short and stout (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF1B0EFA02FD75A9E9" box="[629,718,1488,1514]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–44" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1771,1795]" captionTargetBox="[171,1404,183,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-81@16.[153,1433,164,1750]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 35–44. Male subgenital plate (35–43) and stridulatory area of right tegmen (44) of Paramacroxiphus species: 35, P. elongatus holotype; 36, P. irregularius holotype; 37, P.rufus holotype; 38, P. securiformis holotype; 39, P.armatus holotype; 40, P. bifasciatus holotype; 41, P. maculatus holotype; 42, P. aberrans holotype; 43, P. brunneus holotype; 44, P.aberransparatype. Abbreviations: m mirror, s scrapper, sp field of spinules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123646/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19BDFA2AFD36AAD9" blockId="6.[151,1437,808,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Titillators with basal areas fused, compressed; apical parts elongate, large, subfused: connected by a hyaline membrane which becomes sclerotised towards base; apical parts with a roughly triangular lobe near base, separated from apical lobe by a transverse groove; apical lobe with row of hairs arranged in tuft; apical margin of sclerotised parts concave and forming on external side an acute angle; apex surpassed by a hyaline fold which later fuses with that of the other side to connect both titillators; top of hyaline structures covered by a membranous fold of phallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF188BF912FD3AAAD9" box="[496,641,1728,1754]" captionStart="FIGURES 57–66" captionStartId="22.[151,269,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[279,1301,197,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-81@22.[270,1309,185,1864]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 57–66. Male titillators of Paramacroxiphus species in ventro-distal view (57, 60, 63, 65), dorso-proximal view (58, 61, 64, 66), lateral view (59), and view on apex (62): 57–59, P. aberrans holotype; 60–62, P. securiformis holotype; 63–64, P. maculatus holotype; 65–66, P. rufus holotype. Abbreviations: ap apical part of titillator; as apico-lateral sclerite; bp basal part of titillator; bs baso-lateral sclerite. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123654/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 57–59</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19BDF93AFEC0AB51" blockId="6.[151,1437,808,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Female. Subgenital plate divided in midline by a narrow membranous suture, resulting plates curved; apex with a projecting membranous lobe that terminates at both posterior angles into a short, stiffened, acute cone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF19A5F8EAFED5AB51" box="[222,366,1848,1874]" captionStart="FIGURES 67–79" captionStartId="23.[151,269,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[253,1346,205,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-135@23.[245,1347,197,1761]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67–79. Female subgenital plate of Paramacroxiphus species in ventral view (67, 69, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78), lateral view (68, 71, 73, 75, 77) or recurved (79): 67–68, P. aberrans allotype (67) and paratype (68); 69, P. tessellatus holotype [the white arrow points at the apical cones]; 70–71, P. maculatus allotype; 72–73, P. uniformis holotype; 74–75, P. securiformis allotype; 76–77, P.rufus allotype (76) and paratype (77); 78, P.armatus paratype; 79, P. brunneus allotype. Abbreviations: ac apical cone; m membranous area; po pits at very base of ovipositor; ps pits at lateral area of subgenital plate; sd inner [= dorsal] surface of recurved subgenital plate; vv base of ventral valves of ovipositor usually hidden under subgenital plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123658/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 67–68</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC1FFEF19BDF88DFED7ABF1" blockId="6.[151,1437,808,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC1FFEF19BDF88DFEEEAB7A" bold="true" box="[198,341,1887,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Almost uniformly ochre (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF1BFDF8B2FD4CAB79" box="[646,759,1888,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[175,1396,203,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[151,1436,156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Habitus (1–2), ovipositor (3), and face (4–6) of Paramacroxiphus species: 1–4, P. aberrans (1, 4, male paratype; 2–3, female paratype); 5, P. tessellatus female holotype; 6, P. bifasciatus male holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123632/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frons reddish brown or ochre; mandibles dark brown or black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="16AA2A1FFFC1FFEF199DF85AFE94ABA1" box="[230,303,1928,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[175,1396,203,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[151,1436,156,1940]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Habitus (1–2), ovipositor (3), and face (4–6) of Paramacroxiphus species: 1–4, P. aberrans (1, 4, male paratype; 2–3, female paratype); 5, P. tessellatus female holotype; 6, P. bifasciatus male holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123632/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tegmen with tessellate pattern indistinct. Legs (especially femora) marmorated (with light dots and strokes on a brown surface; not always distinct in museum specimens). Female subgenital plate blackish brown, apex light.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DAEE6612FFC0FFEE19ECF87EFB10ABE5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5123632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123632/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[151,269,1964,1988]" targetBox="[175,1396,203,1917]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFC0FFEE19ECF87EFB10ABE5" blockId="7.[151,1436,1964,2023]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC0FFEE19ECF87EFEF8ABC7" bold="true" box="[151,323,1964,1988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus (1–2), ovipositor (3), and face (4–6) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFC0FFEE1A35F87FFBDEABC0" box="[846,1125,1964,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC0FFEE1A35F87FFBB7ABC7" box="[846,1036,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paramacroxiphus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 1–4,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFC0FFEE1DDDF87FFA9AABC7" authorityName="C. Willemse" authorityYear="1961" box="[1190,1313,1965,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC0FFEE1DDDF87FFA9AABC7" box="[1190,1313,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. aberrans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1, 4, male paratype; 2–3, female paratype); 5,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFC0FFEE1B68F802FD27ABE4" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Karny" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[531,668,2000,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tessellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC0FFEE1B68F802FD27ABE4" box="[531,668,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. tessellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female holotype; 6,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFC0FFEE1A03F802FBBDABE4" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[888,1030,2000,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFC0FFEE1A03F802FBBDABE4" box="[888,1030,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. bifasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DAEE6612FFCFFFE119ECFAA0FC3CA9A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123634" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5123634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5123634/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[151,269,1394,1418]" targetBox="[177,1389,200,1386]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFCFFFE119ECFAA0FC3CA9A8" blockId="8.[151,1437,1394,1452]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE119ECFAA0FEEBA989" bold="true" box="[151,336,1394,1418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURES 7–10.</emphasis>
|
||
Stridulatory files on underside of left tegmen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11A23FAA0FBADA98A" authorityName="C. Willemse" authorityYear="1961" box="[856,1046,1394,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11A23FAA0FBADA98A" box="[856,1046,1394,1417]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paramacroxiphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males: 7,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11DF8FAA0FABBA98A" authorityName="C. Willemse" authorityYear="1961" box="[1155,1280,1394,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11DF8FAA0FABBA98A" box="[1155,1280,1394,1417]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.aberrans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paratype; 8,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11CF3FAA0FF75A9AF" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11CF3FAA0FF75A9AF" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype; 9,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11821FA47FE59A9AF" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[346,482,1429,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11821FA47FE59A9AF" box="[346,482,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype; 10,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11B07FA47FCA0A9AF" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[636,795,1429,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="securiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11B07FA47FCA0A9AF" box="[636,795,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. securiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFCFFFE119BDF9D5FB22AA72" blockId="8.[151,1436,1543,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE119BDF9D5FE3CAA22" bold="true" box="[198,391,1543,1569]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Measurements:</emphasis>
|
||
body male 33–38, female 30–42; pronotum male 10.3–10.5, female 10–10.8; tegmen male 40–40.5, female 45–50; postfemur male 23–24, female 26.5–28.5; ovipositor
|
||
<quantity id="49699B7FFFCFFFE11DE9F9FDFA95AA4A" box="[1170,1326,1583,1609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.825" metricValueMax="5.15" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="48.25" valueMax="51.5" valueMin="45.0">45–51.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Tegmen width near base male 9.0, female 9.0–10.0; do. near apex male 6.0, female 7.0–
|
||
<quantity id="49699B7FFFCFFFE11D42F985FB2EAA72" box="[1081,1173,1623,1649]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C68B6511FFCFFFE119BDF9ADFA9FAB8A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E2E369AFFCFFFE119BDF9ADFA9FAB8A" blockId="8.[151,1436,1543,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE119BDF9ADFEFDAA9A" bold="true" box="[198,326,1663,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11836F952FE68AA9A" authorityName="C. Willemse" authorityYear="1961" box="[333,467,1664,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11836F952FE68AA9A" box="[333,467,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. aberrans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the species with strongly globose tenth abdominal tergite in male. From the three other species with globose tergite (
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11BCFF97AFB3BAAC2" box="[692,1152,1704,1729]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11BCFF97AFCEBAAC2" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[692,848,1704,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">P. maculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11A24F97AFBAEAAC2" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[863,1045,1704,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="securiformis">P. securiformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11D5FF97AFB3BAAC2" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[1060,1152,1704,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">P. rufus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), it differs by the apex being only little excised in middle instead of divided into two distinct lobes and by the broad conical instead of narrow cylindrical cerci. The titillators have a bunch of dense hairs near apex and the proximal branch of the apical parts short triangular instead of roughly wide ovoid. The female has the apical area of the subgenital plate membranous. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11B4BF89AFD71AB62" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[560,714,1864,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11B4BF89AFD71AB62" box="[560,714,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49914D19FFCFFFE11A79F89AFC2BAB62" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2008" box="[770,912,1864,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paramacroxiphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE5EA88FFCFFFE11A79F89AFC2BAB62" box="[770,912,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. uniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that have a similar modification of the subgenital plate, by the membranous area carrying an acute sclerotised cone at the apico-lateral angles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |