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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5194870" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5194870" approvalRequired="33" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="30" approvalRequired_for_treatments="3" checkinTime="1628768458020" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Rogers, Zachary S." docDate="2005" docId="885D7354FFD6507C763BFBAFFC7FFC1C" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.27.2.89-111.pdf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 27 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E81836D30F26F6CECD5F7ABFAAC2CA1.1:Adansonia.2005-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="7E81836D30F26F6CECD5F7ABFAAC2CA1" docStyleName="Adansonia.2005-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Octolepis casearia Oliv." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="98" masterDocId="74640B2CFFDE5075764AFFE9FFE6FFDA" masterDocTitle="A revision of Octolepis Oliv. (Thymelaeaceae, Octolepidoideae)" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="89" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1628829170997" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of Octolepis Oliv. (Thymelaeaceae, Octolepidoideae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rogers, Zachary S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Adansonia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2005</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="series">
<mods:title>3</mods:title>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>89</mods:start>
<mods:end>111</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5186674</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5186674</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5194870" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5194870" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885D7354FFD6507C763BFBAFFC7FFC1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885D7354FFD6507C763BFBAFFC7FFC1C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<subSubSection box="[113,400,1094,1119]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="8.[113,400,1094,1119]" box="[113,400,1094,1119]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<heading box="[113,400,1094,1119]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" reason="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[113,135,1094,1119]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Oliv." box="[142,400,1094,1119]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[142,340,1094,1119]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
Oliv.
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="8.[113,647,1152,1251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1863-02" collectorName="J. Linn. Soc. Bot." country="Nigeria" county="Mann" latitude="4.9" location="Old Calabar" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="8.266666" municipality="State" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cross River">
<collectorName box="[140,320,1152,1175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">J. Linn. Soc. Bot.</collectorName>
8: 161, t. 12. (1865). —
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:
<emphasis box="[113,236,1177,1200]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<collectingCounty box="[113,174,1177,1200]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Mann</collectingCounty>
2306
</emphasis>
,
<collectingCountry box="[251,328,1177,1200]" name="Nigeria" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[344,395,1177,1200]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">State</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion box="[404,526,1177,1200]" country="Nigeria" name="Cross River" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Cross River</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion box="[541,596,1177,1200]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">River</collectingRegion>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885D7354FFD6507C763BFBAFFC7FFC1C:052B9499FFD6507D7417FB70FF26FB10" country="Nigeria" county="Mann" latitude="4.9" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="8.266666" municipality="State" name="Old Calabar" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" stateProvince="Cross River">Old Calabar</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate box="[211,288,1203,1226]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" precision="925" value="4.9">4°54N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[301,373,1203,1226]" degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" precision="925" value="8.266666">8°16E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date box="[392,497,1203,1226]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" value="1863-02">
<collectingDate box="[392,497,1203,1226]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" value="1863-02">Feb. 1863</collectingDate>
</date>
, fl. (lecto-, K!, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="AYMONIN G." box="[253,419,1228,1251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" pagination="35 - 95" refId="ref17891" refString="AYMONIN G. 1966 a. - Thymeleacees: 35 - 95, in AUBREVILLE A. (ed.), Flore du Gabon 11. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris." type="book chapter" year="1966">AYMONIN 1966a</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[113,646,1278,1702]" lastBlockId="8.[676,1210,205,1303]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
Shrubs
<quantity box="[221,287,1278,1303]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 m</quantity>
tall, rarely small trees to
<quantity box="[556,598,1278,1303]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
tall; bark usually lenticellate; stems with internodes
<quantity box="[113,233,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="0.9">0.9-6.1 cm</quantity>
long; young stems densely to sparsely strigose-tomentose. Leaves alternate, blades b ro a d l y o b ova t e o r e l l i p t i c,
<emphasis box="[471,480,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
. 5-3 1 ×
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5- 10.5 cm</quantity>
, length/width ratio
<emphasis box="[419,428,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
. 2.5-4:1, coriaceous or rarely subcoriaceous, sometimes bullate, surfaces usually discolorous, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface usually lighter green, glabrescent or sparsely strigose, trichomes
<emphasis box="[577,586,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3- 0.5 mm</quantity>
long, apex acuminate or acute, acumen up to
<quantity box="[183,260,1616,1641]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="2.2">2.2 cm</quantity>
long, margin revolute, glabrescent or sparsely strigose, base cuneate or short attenuate; midrib strongly raised on abaxial surface, sparsely to moderately strigose; venation strongly raised on both surfaces, secondary veins
<emphasis box="[1158,1167,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
. 6- 13 pairs, usually strongly arched toward apex, angle of divergence from midrib 55-75°, submarginal loop
<emphasis box="[837,846,328,353]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity box="[862,965,328,353]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="4.0">4-11 mm</quantity>
from margin; petioles
<emphasis box="[676,685,358,383]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity box="[705,815,358,383]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">4-10 mm</quantity>
long, strigose-tomentose. Inflorescences lateral or sublateral, borne on foliated portion of the stem; axes to
<quantity box="[971,1055,420,445]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="6.7">6.7 mm</quantity>
long,
<emphasis box="[1121,1130,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity box="[1145,1209,420,445]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
wide, with up to
<emphasis box="[871,880,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
. 30 flowers per inflorescence, densely strigose-tomentose; pedicels
<emphasis box="[1092,1101,481,506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity box="[1119,1210,481,506]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3-8 mm</quantity>
long, strigose-tomentose. Flowers
<quantity box="[1042,1144,512,537]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="6.0">6-11 mm</quantity>
wide; sepals 4 or 5, rarely 6, ovate or subtriangular, 2.5- 6 ×
<quantity box="[719,851,573,598]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="2.2" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.3">1.3-3.1 mm</quantity>
, reflexed or spreading, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, strigose-tomentose on both surfaces, margins tomentose, apex acute; petals 4 or 5, rarely 6, erect, glabrescent or tomentose-strigose on both surfaces; each petal lobe broadly oblong, 1.1-3 ×
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, length/width ratio
<emphasis box="[1158,1167,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
. 1- 1.5:1, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, apex truncate or rounded, densely tomentose, margin usually densely tomentose; stamens 8 or 10, rarely 12; filaments 1.4-5.5 ×
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, strigose-tomentose or glabrescent; anthers 0.7-1 ×
<quantity box="[1071,1205,880,905]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3-0.5 mm</quantity>
; ovary subspheroidal, 0.9-1.5 ×
<quantity box="[1058,1200,910,935]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.8">0.8-1.3 mm</quantity>
, densely strigose-hirsute, surrounded by many erect receptacle trichomes, each
<emphasis box="[1031,1040,972,997]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
.
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long; style 1.1-1.6 ×
<quantity box="[865,1010,1002,1027]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3-0.5 mm</quantity>
, strigose. Fruits white, ovoid-suborbicular, 1-1.5 ×
<quantity box="[1094,1201,1033,1058]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.0">1-1.3 cm</quantity>
; dehiscence lines 2-5 (i.e. 2-5 carpels develop), plane or slightly raised; pericarp dry,
<quantity box="[1116,1209,1094,1119]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
thick, smooth, glabrescent or sparsely strigose, or covered with dense persistent indument. Seeds dark brown or black, 8-13 ×
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, puberulent, indument denser near poles and on adaxial surface, trichomes
<emphasis box="[888,897,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity box="[914,1049,1248,1273]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2-0.5 mm</quantity>
long, erect or adpressed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[676,1210,1340,1702]" lastBlockId="9.[113,646,205,414]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
T Y PI F I C AT I O N. — In the protologue of
<taxonomicName authority="(OLIVER 1865)" baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[676,1051,1370,1395]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[676,871,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="OLIVER D." box="[890,1042,1370,1395]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" pagination="158 - 162" refId="ref18526" refString="OLIVER D. 1865. - On four new genera of plants of western tropical Africa, belonging to the natural orders Anonaceae, Olacineae, Loganiaceae, and Thymelaeaceae; and on a new species of Paropsia. J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 8: 158 - 162." type="journal article" year="1865">OLIVER 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, three collections were cited (
<emphasis box="[874,957,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Mann s</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[965,979,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">n</emphasis>
.,
<date box="[1003,1129,1401,1426]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" value="1862-09">Sept. 1862</date>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Mann s</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[691,705,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">n</emphasis>
.,
<date box="[726,838,1432,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" value="1863-02">Feb. 1863</date>
; and
<emphasis box="[896,1006,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Thomson s</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1013,1027,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">n</emphasis>
.). No specimens collected by THOMSON have been located, but two numbered specimens collected by MANN are deposited in the Kew herbarium, which correspond to the dates cited in the protologue (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Mann s</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[691,705,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">n</emphasis>
.,
<date box="[729,850,1585,1610]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" value="1862-09">Sept. 1862</date>
[=
<emphasis box="[891,1023,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Mann 1815</emphasis>
] and
<emphasis box="[1091,1173,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Mann s</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1181,1195,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">n</emphasis>
.,
<date box="[676,793,1616,1641]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" value="1863-02">Feb. 1863</date>
[=
<emphasis box="[837,973,1616,1641]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Mann 2306</emphasis>
]). These collections undoubtedly represent the
<specimenCount box="[980,1142,1646,1671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
mentioned by
<bibRefCitation author="OLIVER D." box="[790,957,1677,1702]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" pagination="158 - 162" refId="ref18526" refString="OLIVER D. 1865. - On four new genera of plants of western tropical Africa, belonging to the natural orders Anonaceae, Olacineae, Loganiaceae, and Thymelaeaceae; and on a new species of Paropsia. J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 8: 158 - 162." type="journal article" year="1865">OLIVER (1865)</bibRefCitation>
. In the
<taxonomicName box="[1045,1209,1677,1702]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Thymelaeaceae</taxonomicName>
treatments appearing in the
<emphasis box="[462,646,205,230]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
Flore du
<collectingCountry box="[570,646,205,230]" name="Gabon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Gabon</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="AYMONIN G." box="[123,358,236,261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" pagination="35 - 95" refId="ref17891" refString="AYMONIN G. 1966 a. - Thymeleacees: 35 - 95, in AUBREVILLE A. (ed.), Flore du Gabon 11. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris." type="book chapter" year="1966">AYMONIN 1966a: 46</bibRefCitation>
) and
<emphasis box="[429,645,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
Flore du
<collectingCountry box="[531,645,236,261]" name="Cameroon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="AYMONIN G." box="[120,347,266,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" pagination="3 - 86" refId="ref17925" refString="AYMONIN G. 1966 b. - Thymeleacees: 3 - 86, in AUBREVILLE A. (ed.), Flore du Cameroun 5. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris." type="book chapter" year="1966">AYMONIN 1966b: 80</bibRefCitation>
), only one of these
<typeStatus box="[555,646,266,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">syntypes</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis box="[124,265,297,322]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Mann 2306</emphasis>
) was mentioned as the type of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[113,230,328,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[113,133,328,353]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[148,230,328,353]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, thereby effectively lectotypifying the name according to Article 7.11 of the
<emphasis box="[589,646,358,383]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Code</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="GREUTER W. &amp; MCNEILL J. &amp; BARRIE F. R. &amp; BURDET H. M. &amp; DEMOULIN V. &amp; FILGUEIRAS T. S. &amp; NICOLSON D. H. &amp; SILVA P. C. &amp; SKOG J. E. &amp; TREHANE P. &amp; TURLAND N. J. &amp; HAWKSWORTH D. L." box="[121,350,389,414]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 474" refId="ref18260" refString="GREUTER W., MCNEILL J., BARRIE F. R., BURDET H. M., DEMOULIN V., FILGUEIRAS T. S., NICOLSON D. H., SILVA P. C., SKOG J. E., TREHANE P., TURLAND N. J. &amp; HAWKSWORTH D. L. 2000. - International code of botanical nomenclature (Saint Louis Code) adopted by the Sixteenth International Botanical Congress, St Louis, Missouri, July-August 1999. Regnum Vegetabile 138: 1 - 474." type="journal article" year="2000">
GREUTER
<emphasis box="[231,282,389,414]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[113,647,450,966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[139,327,450,475]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[139,327,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily recognized from all other members of the genus by its bisexual flowers, broadly oblong petal lobes with truncate or rounded apices, dry fruit with a thin pericarp, and its central and west African distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[113,647,450,966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[139,345,604,629]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[139,345,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is circumscribed here to include all previously described continental African taxa. Earlier authors have also recognized a broadly circumscribed
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[392,513,696,721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[392,412,696,721]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[429,513,696,721]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, due to the overlapping, continuous morphological variation within characters used to distinguish the species. Here,
<taxonomicName authority="Gilg" authorityName="Gilg" box="[182,367,788,813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decalepis">
<emphasis box="[182,202,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[219,308,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">decalepis</emphasis>
Gilg
</taxonomicName>
, previously segregated by some because of its (almost) always 5-merous flowers, is also included within
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[453,568,849,874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[453,473,849,874]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[487,568,849,874]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[113,647,450,966]" lastBlockId="9.[676,1209,205,966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
Flower meristicity is rather variable geographically within
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[257,449,910,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[257,449,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and inconsistent among specimens, sometimes even for collections made from the same locality or even those taken from the single plant (meristicity is much more variable within the Malagasy species).
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 5-merous flowers in
<collectingCountry box="[1034,1160,297,322]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
and almost always in
<collectingCountry box="[878,959,328,353]" name="Liberia" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Liberia</collectingCountry>
, 4-merous flowers in
<collectingCountry box="[676,759,358,383]" name="Nigeria" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
, 4- or 5-merous flowers in
<collectingCountry box="[1047,1162,358,383]" name="Cameroon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[676,753,389,414]" name="Gabon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Gabon</collectingCountry>
, and 5-merous flowers in the
<collectingCountry name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
(Brazzaville).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[676,1209,205,966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
In contrast, variation in fruit morphology clearly delimits two distinct groups of specimens of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[709,908,512,537]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[709,908,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Octolepis casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. One group with densely pubescent fruits, includes the
<typeStatus box="[998,1044,542,567]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName authority="De Wild." authorityName="De Wild." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flamignii">
<emphasis box="[1080,1100,542,567]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1114,1209,542,567]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">flamignii</emphasis>
De Wild.
</taxonomicName>
, and occurs in
<collectingCountry name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">the Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
(Kinshasa), southeastern
<collectingCountry box="[676,753,634,659]" name="Gabon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Gabon</collectingCountry>
, and the
<collectingCountry box="[859,1113,634,659]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
(Brazzaville), while a second group with glabrescent or sparsely strigose fruits, corresponds to
<taxonomicName authority="var. casearia" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="casearia" variety="casearia">
<emphasis box="[1093,1209,696,721]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">O. casearia</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis box="[729,820,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and grows in
<collectingCountry box="[1004,1129,726,751]" name="Cameroon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry name="Ivory Coast" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[752,829,757,782]" name="Gabon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Gabon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[841,920,757,782]" name="Liberia" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Liberia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[930,1013,757,782]" name="Nigeria" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
, and the
<collectingCountry name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
(Brazzaville). These two groups are slightly allopatric, but some populations come within
<emphasis box="[755,764,849,874]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity box="[780,853,849,874]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
of each other in
<collectingCountry box="[1043,1117,849,874]" name="Gabon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Gabon</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">the Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation box="[1121,1190,880,905]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[113,124,1026,1043]" captionTargetBox="[140,1181,214,986]" captionTargetId="figure-622@10.[140,1181,214,986]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Distribution map of Octolepis casearia Oliv. var. casearia (▲) and O. c. var. flamignii (De Wild.) Z.S.Rogers (●). Outlines correspond to country boundaries in central and western Africa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5186684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5186684/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). These two distinct groups are recognized as varieties of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="OLIVER" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[799,914,941,966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Octolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="casearia">
<emphasis box="[799,914,941,966]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">O. casearia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>