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<document id="976404E94F53DAB9DA398C3205091205" ID-CLB-Dataset="7424" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d63cab47-63f1-4fdc-9209-26a256c91ccb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545337" ID-ZooBank="88CF2B0D-E02B-46E1-9F52-1B95F717FC8F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613558058512" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. &amp; Palmer, Michael W." docDate="2021" docId="0395A00B702BEB462A99F8D261E96367" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4931.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4931 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Melanagromyza minimoides Spencer" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFACD8737022EB4C2A0EFFDC6551673E" masterDocTitle="Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698929887731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="1840D658B186F9899EA3F88E1F599628" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1AAB7117128C2B8A0B13A9CE68FCE7BF">
<mods:title id="D7F71A8B1F7D5EAEF25A9058F3EEC80D">Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CE67EFE38D54948FB6DAB9C7B2D7E9AF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5964227383D0D185F17D0617B9503811">
<mods:roleTerm id="273CF9D135DB4A524E8EEFF5579F58BB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5EE4749205ACE73C206233287EB544B4">Eiseman, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0014E526D0FC8AF74CA0C4B9346ABB7B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="473656A372F643F42C74A2B8252C4D39">
<mods:roleTerm id="C60B7B6CE2AA0ED812F91BB90DA0FE26">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="70EE66049626193E70995080CBF01158">Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1822528EFB958408F540DC6365B75D62" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7034-3330</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A39C55BAEAED7CDBA692C35C34D0A97B" type="email">onsdale@agr.gc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EF1FDC18EC1926939A8FFEDDBA7FF626" type="personal">
<mods:role id="53AE83260EAD30BFEA4A44CE4DA6407A">
<mods:roleTerm id="C2A5FB8ED9832E827BA1EE57F60B4396">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D5F9525289D4B55A741D365C4BE4F7DB">Linden, John Van Der</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="607934F872B30CAD826D61BE202313EA" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2651-0634</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D80282E8CEF8BF28AF12C5DB073A9F9B" type="email">johnbvdl@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6B09C487C100AF42103F0BD59D55BD51" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B1F5EECF8CD2687B9005819980462A73">
<mods:roleTerm id="B41730625286471CEF3BC3B588929BDF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="67506364B00EB89752CC8D6DC06507AA">Feldman, Tracy S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E8A22593BAB446D6F45906ABF463217E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5939-6810</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B468662B1E95904024B79A87F8ACB65" type="email">feldmants@sa.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4301B120A63D94AB56D6F47C20AE00DE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7DD2F76210A59230707DFCEC3D34CE7B">
<mods:roleTerm id="3831263EFF53280E02162715F2183C70">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="367E1F0B0ED5E84C836F11EAB971AED0">Palmer, Michael W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="555542B3DF3B8C1366FC068E37ED2260" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1452-2152</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="11E15CD91676F171FC3839FEFAFBD934" type="email">mike.palmer@okstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C270624E4A35FF9091B37AA48DAA7E93">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="16D084985CE53E091CD7E5B54F6485C0" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1F4CD295F2B32C0B88F11A88E5128BAE">
<mods:title id="6840DC72A49C6C7ED20F4431F256CFC2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="AF9C978380EEAC683BA93C1C05DA6C1D">
<mods:date id="58DF0CAD39D3C1264637FA7548EDD220">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0B4A327B1BC3DC59822F838C8FE93419" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D562B20986E9DB7B01F88394DE1DF14A">2021-02-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C8013C562FEDA998F7DAD4564D2ECDC1" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3A8483C0DDA3619200033AC88D33BBAB">4931</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D0E3E397B28E5FE2B20DC4A5E0024024" type="issue">
<mods:number id="EBB93E2E5244BAD858B950628764099D">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3F98C31DC57533136ACE2AAA217345E2">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D8E8AADA985737C26C67E726906743BC">68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="96FA20AC7A011EA5A5D2F39C966E07A5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DA1712002945DD5DA98047352291D1C0" type="CLB-Dataset">7424</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B3C36FE9D366D9175BBE548D2C7866F9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6E6E6E36B899F75AF14CAA0CA85A8566" type="GBIF-Dataset">d63cab47-63f1-4fdc-9209-26a256c91ccb</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A46EBC031A3CB6E43E67A0B168AEB4DE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1F789649D61C79F59A3B3FEFEC92A034" type="Zenodo-Dep">4545337</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D93F6325636943896DF0EF843F1A7FCC" type="ZooBank">88CF2B0D-E02B-46E1-9F52-1B95F717FC8F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0395A00B702BEB462A99F8D261E96367" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545229" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180947814" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545229" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0395A00B702BEB462A99F8D261E96367" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0395A00B702BEB462A99F8D261E96367" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<subSubSection id="C3264296702BEB452A99F8D2670A6016" box="[151,603,1806,1833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B83111D702BEB452A99F8D2670A6016" blockId="9.[151,603,1806,1870]" box="[151,603,1806,1833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="D0CBA671702BEB452A99F8D2670A6016" bold="true" box="[151,603,1806,1833]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E702BEB452A99F8D2670A6016" ID-CoL="3Z5MR" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" box="[151,603,1806,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Melanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimoides">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452A99F8D2670A6016" bold="true" box="[151,603,1806,1833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452A99F8D264BF6017" bold="true" box="[151,494,1806,1833]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Melanagromyza minimoides</emphasis>
Spencer
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296702BEB452A99F8EF647F6070" box="[151,302,1843,1870]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B83111D702BEB452A99F8EF647F6070" blockId="9.[151,603,1806,1870]" box="[151,302,1843,1870]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
(
<figureCitation id="13070D98702BEB452A91F8EF64776070" box="[159,294,1843,1870]" captionStart="FIGURES 59–72" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,181,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-27@48.[171,1416,181,1732]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 59–72. Mines and other feeding damage of Agromyzinae on host plants: 59: Agromyza aristata Malloch on Celtis laevigata; 60: Melanagromyza arnoglossi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Arnoglossum sp.; 61: M. hieracii Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Hieracium scabrum; 62: M. minimoides Spencer on Rudbeckia lacinata; 63: same, section of flower head with puparia inside; 64: Ophiomyia abutilivora Spencer on Abutilon theophrasti; 65: same; 66: Melanagromyza verbenivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Verbena stricta, spiral gallery in stem with resulting leaf wilting; 67: same, affected seedhead; 68: Ophiomyia carolinensis Spencer on Symphyotrichum patens; 69: O. cf. frosti Spencer on Lactuca (puparium at upper right); 70: O. rugula Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Baccharis halimifolia; 71: same; 72: same, backlit, showing empty puparium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545357/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 62–63</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296702BEB452A99F8A661316087" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B83111D702BEB452A99F8A661316087" blockId="9.[151,1436,1914,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452A99F8A664D360AA" bold="true" box="[151,386,1914,1940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B541B40702BEB452B87F8A6610A6087" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3069844421" collectingDate="2017-08-10" collectingDateMax="2017-08-16" collectingDateMin="2017-08-10" collectionCode="CSE, CNC" collectorName="J. van der Linden" county="Winneshiek Co." location="Will Baker Park" municipality="Decorah" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="CSE4945, CNC1643663-1643667" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Iowa">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452B87F8A664B060AA" bold="true" box="[393,481,1914,1940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF702BEB452B87F8A6648A60AA" box="[393,475,1914,1940]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">IOWA</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="62E26991702BEB452BE6F8A767CE60AB" box="[488,671,1915,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Winneshiek Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE78B67702BEB4528A2F8A7665F60AB" box="[684,782,1915,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Decorah</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE347C6702BEB452917F8A7668360AB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0395A00B702BEB462A99F8D261E96367:8EE347C6702BEB452917F8A7668360AB" box="[793,978,1915,1941]" county="Winneshiek Co." municipality="Decorah" name="Will Baker Park" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Iowa">Will Baker Park</location>
,
<date id="FF8237DD702BEB4529D1F8A761C260AB" box="[991,1171,1915,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2017-08-10" valueMax="2017-08-13" valueMin="2017-08-10">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE35702BEB4529D1F8A761C260AB" box="[991,1171,1915,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2017-08-10" valueMax="2017-08-13" valueMin="2017-08-10">10–13.viii.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, em. by
<date id="FF8237DD702BEB452EFAF8A7602F60AB" box="[1268,1406,1915,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2017-08-16">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE35702BEB452EFAF8A7602F60AB" box="[1268,1406,1915,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2017-08-16">16.viii.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26C974CB702BEB452F84F8A764126087" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">J. van der Linden</collectorName>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E702BEB452B7EF84367006087" box="[368,593,1951,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rudbeckia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laciniata">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452B7EF84367006087" box="[368,593,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rudbeckia laciniata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, #
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966702BEB452863F842678A6087" box="[621,731,1950,1977]" collectionCode="CSE" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CSE4945</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966702BEB4528E8F84366A36087" box="[742,1010,1951,1977]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CNC1643663–1643667</specimenCode>
(2♁
<specimenCount id="9D3ADA94702BEB452E22F84361016087" box="[1068,1104,1951,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296702BEB462AC9F81F61EC65F3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B83111D702BEB462AC9F81F61606623" blockId="9.[151,1436,1914,2013]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,1113]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452AC9F81F644060E3" bold="true" box="[199,273,1987,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hosts.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E702BEB452B16F81F64C660E3" box="[280,407,1987,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E702BEB452BADF81F67DB60E3" box="[419,650,1987,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Borrichia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutescens">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452BADF81F67DB60E3" box="[419,650,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Borrichia frutescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) DC.,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E702BEB45290FF81F617260E3" authority="Raf." authorityName="Raf." box="[769,1059,1987,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helenium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexuosum">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB45290FF81F66B860E3" box="[769,1001,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Helenium flexuosum</emphasis>
Raf.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E702BEB452E21F81F605260E2" box="[1071,1283,1987,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helianthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB452E21F81F605260E2" box="[1071,1283,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Helianthus annuus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E702BEB462F3CF81F642F678F" authority="Sweet" authorityName="Sweet" authorityYear="1826" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Heliopsis" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helianthoides">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F702BEB462F3CF81F647F678F" italics="true" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Heliopsis helianthoides</emphasis>
Sweet
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462B82FF4B6704678E" box="[396,597,151,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462B82FF4B6704678E" box="[396,597,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Melanthera nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Small,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB4628EAFF4B66BA678F" authority="L." box="[740,1003,151,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rudbeckia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laciniata">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB4628EAFF4B6699678F" box="[740,968,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rudbeckia laciniata</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB4629F4FF4B644C67EB" authority="(Small) G. L. Nesom" authorityName="G. L. Nesom" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Small" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Symphyotrichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simmondsii">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB4629F4FF4B606E678F" box="[1018,1343,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Symphyotrichum simmondsii</emphasis>
(Small) G.L.Nesom
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462B24FF67667F67EB" authority="(Cav.) Benth. &amp; Hook." authorityName="Benth. &amp; Hook." baseAuthorityName="Cav." box="[298,814,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Verbesina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="encelioides">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462B24FF67674E67EB" box="[298,543,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Verbesina encelioides</emphasis>
(Cav.) Benth. &amp; Hook.
</taxonomicName>
f. ex A.Gray,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB4629C9FF67611867EA" box="[967,1097,187,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Verbesina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginica">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB4629C9FF67611867EA" box="[967,1097,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">V. virginica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.;
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462E74FF67604E67EB" box="[1146,1311,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cucurbitaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462F25FF67642367C7" authority="Kunth" authorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucurbita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetidissima">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462F25FF67644F67C7" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cucurbita foetidissima</emphasis>
Kunth
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462B8EFF0364AD67C7" box="[384,508,223,249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Urticaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462804FF03679767C7" authority="L." box="[522,710,223,249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Urtica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462804FF0367F267C7" box="[522,675,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Urtica dioica</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB4628D8FF03605E67C7" authority="(Nutt.) W. A. Weber" authorityName="W. A. Weber" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Nutt." box="[726,1295,223,249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Urtica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="gracilis" subSpecies="holosericea">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB4628D8FF03660067C7" box="[726,849,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">U. gracilis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB4629A5FF03617F67C7" box="[939,1070,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">holosericea</emphasis>
(Nutt.) W.A.Weber
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462F2EFF03641A6623" author="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 205" refId="ref42694" refString="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr. (1973) Agromyzidae of Florida with a supplement on species from the Caribbean. Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas, 7, 1 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 0683 - 4 _ 1" type="journal article" year="1973">Spencer &amp; Stegmaier 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462B59FEDF67576623" author="Steyskal, G. C." box="[343,518,259,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="36 - 43" refId="ref42894" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1980 b) Six new North American species of Melanagromyza (Diptera, Agromyzidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 70 (1), 36 - 43." type="journal article" year="1980">Steyskal 1980b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB46281FFEDF66616623" author="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Steyskal, G. C." box="[529,816,259,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 478" refId="ref42797" refString="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Steyskal, G. C. (1986) Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. USDA Agricultural Research Service Agriculture Handbook, 638, 1 - 478. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119606" type="journal article" year="1986">Spencer &amp; Steyskal 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462932FEDF61746623" author="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D." box="[828,1061,258,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref42245" refString="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D. (2015) Revision of the genus Melanagromyza in California, with descriptions of three new species (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Zootaxa, 4005 (1), 1 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4005.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Shi &amp; Gaimari 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7028EB462AC9FEFB64B26693" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462AC9FEFB642C667E" bold="true" box="[199,381,294,321]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Larval biology.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13070D987028EB462B80FEFB6747667C" box="[398,534,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURES 59–72" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,181,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-27@48.[171,1416,181,1732]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 59–72. Mines and other feeding damage of Agromyzinae on host plants: 59: Agromyza aristata Malloch on Celtis laevigata; 60: Melanagromyza arnoglossi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Arnoglossum sp.; 61: M. hieracii Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Hieracium scabrum; 62: M. minimoides Spencer on Rudbeckia lacinata; 63: same, section of flower head with puparia inside; 64: Ophiomyia abutilivora Spencer on Abutilon theophrasti; 65: same; 66: Melanagromyza verbenivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Verbena stricta, spiral gallery in stem with resulting leaf wilting; 67: same, affected seedhead; 68: Ophiomyia carolinensis Spencer on Symphyotrichum patens; 69: O. cf. frosti Spencer on Lactuca (puparium at upper right); 70: O. rugula Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Baccharis halimifolia; 71: same; 72: same, backlit, showing empty puparium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545357/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 62–63</figureCitation>
) On asteraceous hosts, larvae have been consistently reported as feeding in the seedhead. We noted individual disc florets of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB46289AFE976624665B" box="[660,885,331,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rudbeckia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laciniata">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB46289AFE976624665B" box="[660,885,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rudbeckia laciniata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
turning brown before the other disc or ray florets had begun to wilt, and opening the affected florets revealed feeding damage to the developing achenes as well as excavations in the receptable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7028EB462AC9FE6A610E66CB" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462AC9FE6A641966EE" bold="true" box="[199,328,438,464]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Puparium.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13070D987028EB462B58FE6B64F766EC" box="[342,422,439,466]" captionStart="FIGURES 59–72" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,181,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-27@48.[171,1416,181,1732]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 59–72. Mines and other feeding damage of Agromyzinae on host plants: 59: Agromyza aristata Malloch on Celtis laevigata; 60: Melanagromyza arnoglossi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Arnoglossum sp.; 61: M. hieracii Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Hieracium scabrum; 62: M. minimoides Spencer on Rudbeckia lacinata; 63: same, section of flower head with puparia inside; 64: Ophiomyia abutilivora Spencer on Abutilon theophrasti; 65: same; 66: Melanagromyza verbenivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Verbena stricta, spiral gallery in stem with resulting leaf wilting; 67: same, affected seedhead; 68: Ophiomyia carolinensis Spencer on Symphyotrichum patens; 69: O. cf. frosti Spencer on Lactuca (puparium at upper right); 70: O. rugula Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Baccharis halimifolia; 71: same; 72: same, backlit, showing empty puparium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545357/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
) Whitish-yellow, with black, strongly chitinized posterior spiracular processes, appreciably projecting beyond anal segment (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462805FE07666E66CB" author="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr." box="[523,831,475,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 205" refId="ref42694" refString="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr. (1973) Agromyzidae of Florida with a supplement on species from the Caribbean. Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas, 7, 1 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 0683 - 4 _ 1" type="journal article" year="1973">Spencer &amp; Stegmaier 1973</bibRefCitation>
); formed in the seedhead.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7028EB462AC9FE2361EC65F3" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462AC9FE2364A86526" bold="true" box="[199,505,510,537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Phenology and voltinism.</emphasis>
This species is evidently multivoltine. The
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB4629FAFE23617D6527" box="[1012,1068,511,537]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iowa</collectingRegion>
specimens emerged in mid-August, a few days after the puparia were collected. Adults have been reared in
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB462E09FDFF616E6503" box="[1031,1087,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ohio</collectingRegion>
in mid-September (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462F2CFDFF641D655F" author="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 205" refId="ref42694" refString="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr. (1973) Agromyzidae of Florida with a supplement on species from the Caribbean. Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas, 7, 1 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 0683 - 4 _ 1" type="journal article" year="1973">Spencer &amp; Stegmaier 1973</bibRefCitation>
), and in
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB462BBEFD9B674C655F" box="[432,541,583,609]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Maryland</collectingRegion>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB46282BFD9B67B4655C" author="Steyskal, G. C." box="[549,741,583,610]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="36 - 43" refId="ref42894" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1980 b) Six new North American species of Melanagromyza (Diptera, Agromyzidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 70 (1), 36 - 43." type="journal article" year="1980">Steyskal (1980b)</bibRefCitation>
reported an adult emerging in December (indoors) from host material collected in November. Emergence dates of
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB4628E9FDB7666965BB" box="[743,824,619,645]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Florida</collectingRegion>
specimens (reared under unknown conditions) include every month from November to March (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB46286CFD5366C86597" author="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr." box="[610,921,655,681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 205" refId="ref42694" refString="Spencer, K. A. &amp; Stegmaier, C. E. Jr. (1973) Agromyzidae of Florida with a supplement on species from the Caribbean. Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas, 7, 1 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 0683 - 4 _ 1" type="journal article" year="1973">Spencer &amp; Stegmaier 1973</bibRefCitation>
), and in southern
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB462E68FD5361896597" box="[1126,1240,655,681]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">California</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB462F1EFD5360006597" box="[1296,1361,655,681]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Texas</collectingRegion>
adults have been collected in May, with a reared specimen emerging on 1 July (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB4629C9FD6F61E065F3" author="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D." box="[967,1201,690,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref42245" refString="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D. (2015) Revision of the genus Melanagromyza in California, with descriptions of three new species (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Zootaxa, 4005 (1), 1 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4005.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Shi &amp; Gaimari 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967028EB462AC9FD0A65B1642B" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7028EB462AC9FD0A65B1642B" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462AC9FD0A643065CE" bold="true" box="[199,353,726,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D7028EB462B65FD0B64F665CF" box="[363,423,727,753]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USA</collectingCountry>
: AR, CA, FL, *IA, MD, OH, TX;
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D7028EB46294AFD0B66CC65CF" box="[836,925,727,753]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mexico</collectingCountry>
; Caribbean; South America (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462EE1FD0B6585642B" author="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref42245" refString="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D. (2015) Revision of the genus Melanagromyza in California, with descriptions of three new species (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Zootaxa, 4005 (1), 1 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4005.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Shi &amp; Gaimari 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967028EB462AC9FCC261E96367" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7028EB462AC9FCC261E96367" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462AC9FCC2641E6406" bold="true" box="[199,335,798,824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Comments.</emphasis>
Details are lacking for all of the purported rearing records of this species from non-asteraceous hosts.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462AD0FC9F64CC6460" author="Steyskal, G. C." box="[222,413,835,862]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="36 - 43" refId="ref42894" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1980 b) Six new North American species of Melanagromyza (Diptera, Agromyzidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 70 (1), 36 - 43." type="journal article" year="1980">Steyskal (1980b)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that a single male (as
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB46290CFC9F61C96460" authority="Steyskal" authorityName="Steyskal" authorityYear="1980" box="[770,1176,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Melanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radicicola">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB46290CFC9F61606463" box="[770,1073,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Melanagromyza radicicola</emphasis>
Steyskal
</taxonomicName>
) had “emerged indoors from [a] root presumed to be of nettle,
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB46285EFCBB665664BF" authority="L." box="[592,775,871,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Urtica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB46285EFCBB67B764BF" box="[592,742,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Urtica dioica</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
” collected in
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB4629AAFCBB614464BF" box="[932,1045,871,897]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Maryland</collectingRegion>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB462EB7FCBB603664BF" author="Spencer, K. A." box="[1209,1383,871,897]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 444" refId="ref42646" refString="Spencer, K. A. (1990) Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series entomologica, 45, i-xii + 1 - 444. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 1874 - 0" type="journal article" year="1990">Spencer (1990)</bibRefCitation>
, this specimen was found dead in a rearing container and “[n]o puparium from which it might have emerged could be located. Earlier, specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462BFEFC7367C964F7" box="[496,664,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Melanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimoides">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462BFEFC7367C964F7" box="[496,664,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">M. minimoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had been reared in the same container from
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462E95FC73605464F7" box="[1179,1285,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Heliopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462E95FC73605464F7" box="[1179,1285,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Heliopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462F31FC7365E864D3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rudbeckia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462F31FC7365E864D3" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rudbeckia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.” He thus concluded that the
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB46280BFC0F671F64D2" box="[517,590,979,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Urtica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB46280BFC0F671F64D2" box="[517,590,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Urtica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
record was erroneous.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7028EB46295DFC0F611864D3" author="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D." box="[851,1097,978,1005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref42245" refString="Shi, L. &amp; Gaimari, S. D. (2015) Revision of the genus Melanagromyza in California, with descriptions of three new species (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Zootaxa, 4005 (1), 1 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4005.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Shi &amp; Gaimari (2015)</bibRefCitation>
stated that
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462EC4FC0F602164D3" box="[1226,1392,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Melanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimoides">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462EC4FC0F602164D3" box="[1226,1392,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">M. minimoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reared from
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462B51FC2B67F1632F" box="[351,672,1015,1041]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Urtica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="dioica" subSpecies="holosericea">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462B51FC2B6496632F" box="[351,455,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">U. dioica</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462813FC2B67F1632F" box="[541,672,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">holosericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7028EB4628CAFC2B6669632F" box="[708,824,1015,1041]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">California</collectingRegion>
, although this is not reflected in their listed label data. Their record from
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462B6BFBC76735630B" box="[357,612,1051,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucurbita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetidissima">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462B6BFBC76735630B" box="[357,612,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cucurbita foetidissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on a single male labeled “ex.
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7028EB462E1EFBC7605E630B" box="[1040,1295,1051,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucurbita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetidissima">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7028EB462E1EFBC7605E630B" box="[1040,1295,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cucurbita foetidissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(host plant),
<date id="FF8237DD7028EB462A99FBE364476367" box="[151,278,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1963-07-01">1.VII.1963</date>
”; there is no indication of the larval feeding site or whether a puparium was found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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