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<document id="5E70DFA33A3BE0134BDF1B93288157BE" ID-CLB-Dataset="7424" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d63cab47-63f1-4fdc-9209-26a256c91ccb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545337" ID-ZooBank="88CF2B0D-E02B-46E1-9F52-1B95F717FC8F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613558058512" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. &amp; Palmer, Michael W." docDate="2021" docId="0395A00B7004EB6B2A99FDB667F86693" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4931.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4931 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phytomyza triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale 2021, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFACD8737022EB4C2A0EFFDC6551673E" masterDocTitle="Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698929887731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="4042AF5741EB5FCF9858D4ABC44BFAEF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="71F6430A6418797110EE85D97D731973">
<mods:title id="301C99063DF25F7CA9C33ADAB2B3CF15">Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8276D608DED473919549C03F9F4355BE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="65B0765BDB8783CA2718D1B3DC4AF167">
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<mods:namePart id="6EF0E38741360F623182DAE19B68A2BF">Eiseman, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2B083A26C3E9C9DF03F49E397FCADD87" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EED7284C4A789B40FA4841F644A77F61">
<mods:roleTerm id="602C75462E1B7179960D9D60FF18BAB1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FB2611085516AA159E03FE40FB3B5A18">Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD26625D6AD52DB646A667C890620643" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7034-3330</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A1D4676B5F551DF06EBCEA948F6359DA" type="email">onsdale@agr.gc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E8F8488D1ADDCA3E995C73CEEB89B3A2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EB333BC953FCA92C520C53F213E702E9">
<mods:roleTerm id="DAE45D585F40E305D2F1A7B5AFF15EB7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EDC57018A12F939D1825C01017B21480">Linden, John Van Der</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F2FF4ECC046E48FC06B4A07EECFFFF36" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2651-0634</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C8CD358C77196D0AF0D7ACCBB0776400" type="email">johnbvdl@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="ABF3F0CFFBBA38878C5FAA2F0A3245F5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9A8C6DD94B6F85DF63814976C3741EA1">
<mods:roleTerm id="EB021E98601D5AB7E35E8A751BC52D37">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C737211B7EC447306EFE6B16393E1AA8">Feldman, Tracy S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="732A21458358CA4D489C7EAEF0F0850D" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5939-6810</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="259E795D40AFC2F5B6803C7809AE2120" type="email">feldmants@sa.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C0902C96C067957683B60E5568B384A9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E689F4C70FCF1590E0656B364CD35918">
<mods:roleTerm id="C110C2CF10477558B0A392D4DA3EA9C1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4BCABF76729371968BF5D295BE063D64">Palmer, Michael W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F0E10BB9E12B4570ADB95BA9DE76EF6" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1452-2152</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="83FE65E9C5E6EEDB8323E54C5E08C5E4" type="email">mike.palmer@okstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="136B92D5D76D7C26FEE2665003B4A235">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="400751243EA375C40D375735213BAD4C" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="F3C09490B649049C0756879C447F6428">
<mods:title id="D739BD677AE55FDA876FC7D6D6E8FC71">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F1C05ACF40FE5C461A68D7BE3AA719A3">
<mods:date id="0F3A1C934026A6A0A8946ED4B6A0441F">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DC9315324334B9B814840B4F40AC2E68">2021-02-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="16E99C0F561AD4E98F0E8A8949621608" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B1008F1D16FC553924B3971A5E955081">4931</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3F4992CD613B8FB301A48DD2BA9FEA22">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="001E05DF373631727326DE01BAD85FF2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0395A00B7004EB6B2A99FDB667F86693" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545297" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180947830" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545297" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0395A00B7004EB6B2A99FDB667F86693" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0395A00B7004EB6B2A99FDB667F86693" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<subSubSection id="C32642967004EB6A2A99FDB6666865BB" box="[151,825,618,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2A99FDB6666865BB" blockId="38.[151,825,618,681]" box="[151,825,618,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="D0CBA6717004EB6A2A99FDB6666865BB" bold="true" box="[151,825,618,645]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2A99FDB6666865BB" bold="true" box="[151,825,618,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2A99FDB667E565BB" ID-CoL="8GT7R" authority="Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale" authorityName="Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,692,618,645]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triostevena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2A99FDB664F665BB" bold="true" box="[151,423,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Phytomyza triostevena</emphasis>
Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27B70747004EB6A28CFFDB7666865BB" box="[705,825,619,645]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967004EB6A2A99FD5364996597" box="[151,456,654,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2A99FD5364996597" blockId="38.[151,825,618,681]" box="[151,456,654,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
(
<figureCitation id="13070D987004EB6A2A91FD5364766597" box="[159,295,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–58" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 48–58. Figures 48–52: Phytomyza flavilonicera Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 48: paratype female habitus; 49: paratype male dorsal; 50: same, lateral; 51: same, head; 52: puparium. Figures 53–56: P. triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., holotype; 53: dorsal; 54: lateral; 55: head; 56: puparium. Figure 57: P. flavicornis Fallén, puparia. Figure 58: P. notopleuralis Spencer, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545355/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs. 53–56</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13070D987004EB6A2B3DFD5364006597" box="[307,337,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–86" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 73–86. Mines of Phytomyzinae on host plants: 73: Liriomyza blechi Spencer on Ruellia carolinensis; 74: Liriomyza cf. cracentis Lonsdale on Ageratina altissima; 75: L. euphorbivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Euphorbia marginata; 76: L. hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Polymnia canadensis, upper surface; 77: same, lower surface; 78: L. orilliensis on Nabalus sp.; 79: L. cf. taraxaci Hering on Krigia virginica; 80: L. trifolii (Burgess) on Mecardonia acuminata; 81: Phytomyza cf. aesculi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale on Aesculus flava; 82: P. flavilonicera Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Lonicera sempervirens; 83: same; 84: P. notopleuralis Spencer on Cornus sericea; 85: P. thermarum (Griffiths) on Erigeron pulchellus; 86: P. triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Triosteum sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545359/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">86</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13070D987004EB6A2B53FD5264916597" box="[349,448,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 154–158" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1436,181,1781]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 154–158. Phytomyza triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., male genitalia; 154: external components, posterior; 155: hypandrium, ventral; 156: postgonite; 157: distiphallus, ventral; 158: phallus, left lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545394/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">154–158</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967004EB6A2A99FD0B66E26429" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2A99FD0B66E26429" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="3B541B407004EB6A2A99FD0B66E26429" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3069844468" collectingDate="2017-09-05" collectingDateMax="2017-09-26" collectingDateMin="2017-09-05" collectionCode="CSE, CNC" collectorName="J. van der Linden" country="United States of America" county="Allamakee Co." location="Allamakee Co." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="CSE4663, CNC1144064" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iowa" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2A99FD0B64F565CE" bold="true" box="[151,420,726,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<typeStatus id="5487AFBF7004EB6A2A99FD0B645765CF" box="[151,262,727,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D7004EB6A2B1FFD0A641A65CE" box="[273,331,726,752]" name="United States of America" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">USA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7004EB6A2B58FD0A64F565CE" box="[342,420,726,752]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">IOWA</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty id="62E269917004EB6A2BBEFD0B670B65CF" box="[432,602,727,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Allamakee Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="FF8237DD7004EB6A286AFD0A678165CF" box="[612,720,726,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-09-05">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE357004EB6A286AFD0A678165CF" box="[612,720,726,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-09-05">5.ix.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, puparium removed from midrib
<date id="FF8237DD7004EB6A2E4CFD0B61EC65CF" box="[1090,1213,727,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-09-26">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE357004EB6A2E4CFD0B61EC65CF" box="[1090,1213,727,753]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-09-26">26.ix.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, adult em. by spring 2018,
<collectorName id="26C974CB7004EB6A2AD3FD2764F3642B" box="[221,418,763,789]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">J. van der Linden</collectorName>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2BC1FD27676E642A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[463,575,763,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Triosteum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2BC1FD27676E642A" box="[463,575,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Triosteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, #
<specimenCode id="DB9AB9667004EB6A2852FD276798642B" box="[604,713,763,789]" collectionCode="CSE" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">CSE4663</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB9667004EB6A28DAFD27663E642B" box="[724,879,763,789]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">CNC1144064</specimenCode>
(1♁).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967004EB6A2AC9FCC366B26460" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FCC366B26460" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FCC3641F6407" bold="true" box="[199,334,799,825]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, a portmanteau referring to the position of the larval mines in the veins and midribs of leaves of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2871FC9F67BE6462" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[639,751,835,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Triosteum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2871FC9F67BE6462" box="[639,751,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Triosteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (L.
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2933FC9F66236462" box="[829,882,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">vena</emphasis>
—a vein).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967004EB6A2AC9FCBB67066367" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FCBB65BD649B" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FCBB645764BF" bold="true" box="[199,262,871,897]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Host.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2B03FCBB64E464BF" box="[269,437,871,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caprifoliaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2BB1FCBB677E64BE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[447,559,871,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Triosteum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2BB1FCBB677E64BE" box="[447,559,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Triosteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.; similar leaf mines have been found on
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2E02FCBB65B9649B" authority="E. P. Bicknell (Mews 2019 a)" authorityName="E. P. Bicknell (Mews" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Triosteum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurantiacum">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2E02FCBB61E664BE" box="[1036,1207,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">T. aurantiacum</emphasis>
E.P.Bicknell (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7004EB6A2F58FCBB65B0649B" author="Mews" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref41537" refString="Mews (2019 a) [Photographed leaf mines on orange-fruited horse gentian]." type="book" year="2019">Mews 2019a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FC72662964D3" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FC72641764F6" bold="true" box="[199,326,942,968]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Leaf mine.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13070D987004EB6A2B5AFC7364F464F4" box="[340,421,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–86" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 73–86. Mines of Phytomyzinae on host plants: 73: Liriomyza blechi Spencer on Ruellia carolinensis; 74: Liriomyza cf. cracentis Lonsdale on Ageratina altissima; 75: L. euphorbivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Euphorbia marginata; 76: L. hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Polymnia canadensis, upper surface; 77: same, lower surface; 78: L. orilliensis on Nabalus sp.; 79: L. cf. taraxaci Hering on Krigia virginica; 80: L. trifolii (Burgess) on Mecardonia acuminata; 81: Phytomyza cf. aesculi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale on Aesculus flava; 82: P. flavilonicera Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Lonicera sempervirens; 83: same; 84: P. notopleuralis Spencer on Cornus sericea; 85: P. thermarum (Griffiths) on Erigeron pulchellus; 86: P. triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Triosteum sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545359/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
) The larva initially forms a narrow, serpentine mine in the leaf blade. It soon enters a lateral vein and follows this to the midrib, in which it feeds until mature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FC2A611C632F" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" box="[199,1101,1014,1041]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FC2A6419632E" bold="true" box="[199,328,1014,1040]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Puparium.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13070D987004EB6A2B59FC2B64F9632F" box="[343,424,1014,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–58" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 48–58. Figures 48–52: Phytomyza flavilonicera Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 48: paratype female habitus; 49: paratype male dorsal; 50: same, lateral; 51: same, head; 52: puparium. Figures 53–56: P. triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., holotype; 53: dorsal; 54: lateral; 55: head; 56: puparium. Figure 57: P. flavicornis Fallén, puparia. Figure 58: P. notopleuralis Spencer, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545355/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
) Brown; formed within the midrib, near the base of the leaf.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FBC767066367" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FBC764A5630A" bold="true" box="[199,500,1050,1077]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Phenology and voltinism.</emphasis>
Leaf mines have been observed beginning in early September, with adults probably not emerging until the following spring.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967004EB6A2AC9FBBE60236017" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FBBE61926343" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" box="[199,1219,1122,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FBBE64306342" bold="true" box="[199,353,1122,1148]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D7004EB6A2B69FBBF64F26343" box="[359,419,1123,1149]" name="United States of America" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">USA</collectingCountry>
: IA; similar leaf mines have been found in
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D7004EB6A2989FBBF668E6343" box="[903,991,1123,1149]" name="Canada" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Canada</collectingCountry>
: ON (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7004EB6A2E2FFBBF61E66343" author="Mews" box="[1057,1207,1123,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref41537" refString="Mews (2019 a) [Photographed leaf mines on orange-fruited horse gentian]." type="book" year="2019">Mews 2019a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FB5A61DA63D7" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FB5A64CE639E" bold="true" box="[199,415,1158,1184]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Adult description.</emphasis>
Wing length
<quantity id="4CC4BCF87004EB6A283BFB5B67DA639F" box="[565,651,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
(♁). Female unknown. Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.5. First flagellomere rounded, as long as high. Orbital plate well-defined, pruinose, narrowing anteriorly. Frontal vitta minutely pitted, appearing darker. Cheek well-developed. Thorax subshining.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FB2F64636247" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FB2F64166233" box="[199,327,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
: Two ori (anterior seta slightly shorter and positioned closer to eye margin); one ors. Ocellar seta subequal to anterior ori; postvertical subequal to ors. Four dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly, with anterior two much shorter (less than half length of first seta). Approximately four to five irregular rows of acrostichal setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FA5F67F162DB" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FA5F641362A3" box="[199,322,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Coloration</emphasis>
: (
<figureCitation id="13070D987004EB6A2B56FA5F648F62A3" box="[344,478,1410,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–58" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 48–58. Figures 48–52: Phytomyza flavilonicera Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 48: paratype female habitus; 49: paratype male dorsal; 50: same, lateral; 51: same, head; 52: puparium. Figures 53–56: P. triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., holotype; 53: dorsal; 54: lateral; 55: head; 56: puparium. Figure 57: P. flavicornis Fallén, puparia. Figure 58: P. notopleuralis Spencer, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545355/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs. 53–55</figureCitation>
) Setae dark brown. Body dark brown to black; with thick greyish pruinosity on thorax that is more distinct on scutum; gena, parafacial and lunule brown; inner margin of orbital plate beige; halter whitish-yellow. Calypter yellow, hairs light brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9FA3360236017" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9FA3364606137" box="[199,305,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Genitalia</emphasis>
: (
<figureCitation id="13070D987004EB6A2B45FA3364A16137" box="[331,496,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 154–158" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1436,181,1781]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 154–158. Phytomyza triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., male genitalia; 154: external components, posterior; 155: hypandrium, ventral; 156: postgonite; 157: distiphallus, ventral; 158: phallus, left lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545394/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs. 154–158</figureCitation>
) Surstylus small, rounded, fused to venter of epandrium, curved posteriorly with dense apical cluster of short setae. Cercus small. Hypandrium broadly rounded; inner lobe V-shaped with two medial setae. Postgonite simple and narrow with one seta. Phallophorus cylindrical with anterodorsal margin lengthened to reach base of basiphallus; lateral lobe simple, narrow. Basiphallus consisting of one pair of long, narrow plates with irregular margins and narrower apices; right plate with base positioned dorsally, left plate with base wrapping around venter. Hypophallus (one pair of lateral sclerites) small, irregular-ovate in outline. Mesophallus not evident. Paraphallus very small, with irregular subovate outline. Distiphallus sharply angled dorsally, thick with apex narrower and slightly curved; seen “ventrally”, outline X-shaped with short arms and long middle section, with apical arms shorter, irregular and less well-defined, each ending in its own small membranous lobe. Ejaculatory apodeme not found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32642967004EB6B2AC9F8EE67F86693" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B83111D7004EB6A2AC9F8EE606A60E3" blockId="38.[151,1437,726,2014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2AC9F8EE641E6072" bold="true" box="[199,335,1842,1868]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Comments.</emphasis>
This is the second agromyzid to be reared from
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A298CF8EF66A36072" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[898,1010,1843,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Triosteum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A298CF8EF66A36072" box="[898,1010,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Triosteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, after
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2E30F8EF606B6073" box="[1086,1338,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Aulagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbitalis">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2E30F8EF606B6073" box="[1086,1338,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Aulagromyza orbitalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Also in
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF7004EB6A2A99F88B6583604F" box="[151,210,1879,1905]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Iowa</collectingRegion>
, we have found mines representing two other
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A28FEF88B663A604F" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1810" box="[752,875,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A28FEF88B663A604F" box="[752,875,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Phytomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, presumably likewise in the
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2F16F88B60CD604F" box="[1304,1436,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">periclymeni</emphasis>
superspecies. One is an entirely linear mine in the leaf blade, with frass in closely spaced grains and with a brown puparium formed at the end; the other is digitate and centered on the midrib, similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2ECCF843645860E0" authority="(Griffiths)" baseAuthorityName="Griffiths" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chamaemetabola">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2ECCF84360CD6087" box="[1218,1436,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P. chamaemetabola</emphasis>
(Griffiths)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2B4EF81F64AE60E3" authority="Frick" authorityName="Frick" authorityYear="1954" box="[320,511,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gregaria">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2B4EF81F64EC60E2" box="[320,445,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P. gregaria</emphasis>
Frick
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7004EB6A2827F81F606660E3" authority="(Richardson) Banks ex Spreng. (Griffiths 1974)" authorityName="Banks ex Spreng. (Griffiths" authorityYear="1974" box="[553,1335,1987,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Lonicera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="involucrata">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7004EB6A2827F81F664760E3" box="[553,790,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Lonicera involucrata</emphasis>
(Richardson) Banks ex Spreng. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7004EB6A2E85F81F607F60E3" author="Griffiths, G. C. D." box="[1163,1326,1987,2013]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="35 - 69" refId="ref41005" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1974) Studies on boreal Agromyzidae (Diptera). V. On the genus Chromatomyia Hardy, with revision of Caprifoliaceae-mining species. Quaestiones entomologicae, 10, 35 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Griffiths 1974</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D7005EB6B2AC9FF4B67F86693" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7005EB6B2AC9FF4B6494678E" box="[199,453,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triostevena">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7005EB6B2AC9FF4B6494678E" box="[199,453,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Phytomyza triostevena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a modestly sized and almost entirely dark species with one ors and pale greyish-blue pruinosity on the thorax. Among the
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7005EB6B2833FF6767B167EB" box="[573,736,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caprifoliaceae</taxonomicName>
mining
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7005EB6B294EFF6766EA67EB" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1810" box="[832,955,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7005EB6B294EFF6766EA67EB" box="[832,955,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Phytomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it can be differentiated by having numerous rows of acrostichal setulae, and a small pair of lateral sclerites on the hypophallus that are irregularly ovate in outline and positioned distal to the end of the basiphallus; this combination of characters will key it approximately to
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E7005EB6B2AB8FEFB6483667C" authority="(Griffiths)" baseAuthorityName="Griffiths" box="[182,466,295,322]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrilineata">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F7005EB6B2AB8FEFB6406667F" box="[182,343,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P. nigrilineata</emphasis>
(Griffiths)
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC7005EB6B2BF7FEFB67FE667F" author="Griffiths, G. C. D." box="[505,687,295,321]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="35 - 69" refId="ref41005" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1974) Studies on boreal Agromyzidae (Diptera). V. On the genus Chromatomyia Hardy, with revision of Caprifoliaceae-mining species. Quaestiones entomologicae, 10, 35 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Griffiths (1974)</bibRefCitation>
. The small, upturned distiphallus must be examined for confident diagnosis; in lateral view, it is relatively stout with the apex narrowed and curved, and in ventral view, is more than twice as long as wide with shallow bifurcations at either end, appearing somewhat X-shaped; the distal points are shallower, somewhat ill-defined and annulated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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