treatments-xml/data/FE/75/C4/FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121.xml

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<mods:title id="6818EB9568521F7CDAA258BDA6B05597">Revision of Carapichea (Rubiaceae - Psychotrieae) in the Guianas, with two new combinations and transfer of three species to Notopleura</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0E6265689F2BA61028E2CC21D4E74AAF">Lachenaud, Olivier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4FCE2978EAB6555DCA3EB2A89AF0FB3F">Delprete, Piero</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA2E0395E6DCC1C461A1D3C00795CEEB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5844-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B002C29F5BC8FE9D900562024A139697">Herbier de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203930393" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection id="958C0CFCE5F9593F5EA8AB0B4A17A5CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8060F744BE98F6D75462A490894FAF0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
8. 
<taxonomicName id="CB85B04DDC688415EA21056D76C4AB47" ID-CoL="R2WY" LSID="FE75C4EC-E796-5342-82C7-2EECB8CBA121" authority="(Steyerm.) C. M. Taylor (Taylor and Gereau 2013: 123)" authorityName="C. M. Taylor (Taylor and Gereau" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Steyerm.) C. M. Taylor (Taylor and Gereau 2013: 123" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Carapichea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carapichea tillettii" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tillettii">Carapichea tillettii (Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor (Taylor and Gereau 2013: 123)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6D3061E3F3BB30223A8E33A23141F8DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0129AB609D0EC94966C4362191445874" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="81ED4042E4AE86A19EA6C00FB84723CE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria tillettii" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tillettii">Psychotria tillettii</taxonomicName>
Steyerm. (
<bibRefCitation id="45D67E4822F91A671B2AE8ABA0099160" author="Steyermark, JA" editor="Maguire, B &amp; coll" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="227 - 832" refId="B43" refString="Steyermark, JA, 1972. Rubiaceae. In: Maguire, B &amp; coll, Ed., (Eds) The Botany of the Guayana Highland - Part IX. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 23: 227 - 832" title="Rubiaceae." volume="23" volumeTitle="(Eds) The Botany of the Guayana Highland - Part IX." year="1972">Steyermark 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 496, figure 70)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D7BFBF8C8AB54A6D5C1E54DDB038B5F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1564BC7946AE89C101D85511E57C00" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<typeStatus id="765E0052BC32BA00F5689FF792972E9E">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE9B4C4EC8F8293398C646B1C0EE2B8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<materialsCitation id="10E9AA085C833F26BB655B0ADF0A49FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830333" collectingDate="1960-07-01" collectorName="S. S. Tillett" country="GUYANA" county="Merume Mountains" elevation="1140" location="Upper Mazaruni River" municipality="Partang River" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F6F9FF916D0615F6E5540A05644A6BC1" name="Guyana">GUYANA</collectingCountry>
• 
<location id="5EDE10657027416CD8CD71FFA503AB6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:5EDE10657027416CD8CD71FFA503AB6A" country="GUYANA" county="Merume Mountains" municipality="Partang River" name="Upper Mazaruni River">Upper Mazaruni River</location>
basin, 
<collectingMunicipality id="56D818FA86F153CF63183309F1B5A59C">Partang River</collectingMunicipality>
, ridge of 
<collectingCounty id="680BEC46ECDB1D7BAFF1BC01A7A7A7FE">
<normalizedToken id="D58BF0CFFBC236FFF55B8B97B34D4157" originalValue="Merumé">Merume</normalizedToken>
Mountains
</collectingCounty>
; 
<quantity id="BF96F7F74CD4FC6E21B5CD1BDE737248" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" unit="m" value="1140.0">
<elevation id="9659977064366E874D85A21836EB41D5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="5F7F0FA4BB1FF1529E19DBD4BA9AD69D" value="1960-07-01">1 Jul. 1960</collectingDate>
; fr.; 
<emphasis id="600055EE10D36B08A21E6071D80C362A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="4C1D2DFBA84990E884E1E2AC28A96123">S.S. Tillett</collectorName>
et al. 43946
</emphasis>
; 
<typeStatus id="61AA7634A1E3A7ACED6080BE7AD935E8">holotype</typeStatus>
: NY [0013844], isotypes: COL [COL000004671], F [No. 1704833, 1704834], K [K000432817, K000432818], NY [0013845], P [P02428007]
</materialsCitation>
, 
<collectingCountry id="AF9E8683BD8BE956B48AC6DD215F6B39" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
[00131318, 00146632], VEN [No. 82283].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10D82165116E84338ACE3533011CCFCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="description">
<paragraph id="3F379DF75CCB833FAFAC5F110D1F62C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97C9AE37FA091A36BAAF595D68835312" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Shrub or treelet 1-3 m tall; terminal branchlets terete to slightly quadrangular, 4.0-5.5 mm in diam., glabrous, soon covered with a buff corky bark. Stipules shallowly sheathing at base, 3.5-8.0 
<normalizedToken id="40A518C7826C171A885C4E0B1A5CBE1E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5 mm, broadly ovate, glabrous, bilobed or irregularly fimbriate at apex, with lobes 1-5 mm long, soon corky and marcescent. Leaves opposite or ternate; petioles 1.5-3.0 cm long, glabrous; blades narrowly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 14-25 
<normalizedToken id="0754CAE8679E1588BED7714A819FC297" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-10 cm, acute to decurrent at base, acute and long-acuminate at apex, acumen narrowly triangular to linear, 1.0-2.5 cm long, coriaceous, drying olive green above and yellowish green below, glabrous throughout; primary and secondary veins prominent on both sides; secondary veins 8-12 on each side of midrib, curving towards the margin and almost reaching it; tertiary venation densely and prominently reticulate in the dry state; domatia absent. Inflorescence thyrsoid, rather narrowly pyramidal, long-pedunculate (expanded at fruiting stage); peduncles 7.5-12.5 cm long, glabrous, drying brown; secondary branches whorled, 3-5 per node, spreading, 0.4-2.0 cm long (0.8-4.0 cm at fruiting stage), glabrous except fringes of hairs at nodes, terminating into cymules; cymules with 15-22 flowers; bracts 4-5 around each cymule, ovate to triangular, 1-4 
<normalizedToken id="35F62B54314927CE7159CCCAEB2D2C64" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.7-2.0 mm, obtuse to rounded at apex, slightly concave, persistent, drying brown, glabrous except a row of hairs at the base inside. Flowers 5-merous, heterostylous, sessile. Hypanthium narrowly obovoid, 0.5-1.0 mm long, glabrous. Disk bilobed to the base, ca 1 mm long. Calyx cupular, 0.7-1.0 mm long, truncate or minutely denticulate, glabrous. Corolla hypocrateriform, 8-10 mm long, white, greenish-white or brownish-white; tube narrowly obconical to almost cylindrical, 6.0-6.5 mm long, 1.0-1.5 mm wide at base, 1.5-4.0 mm wide at mouth, glabrous outside, pubescent in distal portion inside; lobes lanceolate to triangular, 1.5-3.5 
<normalizedToken id="44669B0CCF04FE49B9FE9B03B29F4C49" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.0-1.3 mm, acute at apex, glabrous. Short-styled flowers: stamens exserted, filaments 2.5 mm long, anthers narrowly oblong, 1.8 mm long; style included, 2.5 mm long, glabrous. Long-styled flowers: stamens included; style exserted, 8 mm long, shortly bifid, glabrous. Fruits ellipsoid to ovoid or subglobose, 7-10 
<normalizedToken id="B191EF4C936560131106D4A9F418ED54" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-8 mm, costate when dry, dark red or maroon (probably when immature) to purplish-black. Pyrenes plano-convex, elliptic to oblong in outline, 6-9 
<normalizedToken id="2B1F8CF1B6A2CC2D80C3549947BE5E01" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.5-6.0 mm, dorsal side 3-4-costate, ventral side longitudinally sulcate. Seeds entire, C-shaped in cross-section.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E269E2944710CB073FBF96FB75685110" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0983931CC3876C97242E672692D29036" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9CCA6F44C1B8F2096FFF2954BD119248" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Endemic to western Guyana, Potaro-Siparuni and Cuyuni-Mazaruni Regions, on Merume Mountains, Mount Ayanganna, and Mount Wokomung, which are the easternmost extensions of the Pakaraima Mountains.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F70EF0A633333E0F236BCB8240CBDC1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="9E3DFC06E8557453CE4B102FEF6ED51D" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD06214A2FDAB51F255A3BCA0F64708" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Growing in dense scrub forest on tepui sandstone, at 1070-1570 m elevation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CB3ADFB84E1A192EAC4D9AFF94576F6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="4321B3E184E4D662BBA08F416CE85923" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8D5DDF1F55D11940C3062DF120A03FA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Flowering specimens were collected in June and July, and fruiting specimens in February, March, June, and July.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="791EA784D6B65DBA8824BCC7281D12EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="31B00993B09B44E60B48C523A69ACE85" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0BAB5544432218228BB5D3DB0D6D3AA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<materialsCitation id="8BEF81EF7F017F24FD3C119DFE908ED2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830317" collectingDate="1960-03-02" collectingDateMax="2001-06-12" collectingDateMin="1960-03-02" collectorName="R. Browne, Mount Ayanganna, E, Clarke" country="GUYANA" elevation="1070" latitude="5.338611" location="Mount Ayanganna" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.946114" municipality="Ayanganna Slope" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="B1D08106BF796BE6E17A21A95CEF402F" name="Guyana">GUYANA</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="DC644766A424FCBF5E84368D2D143D57" country="Guyana" name="Potaro-Siparuni">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="74211C43C368A6420064981B0EE2D4CB">Ayanganna Slope</collectingMunicipality>
; 
<collectingDate id="2A6AB1C1A0ADEAFB9C00282A8D5E5631" value="1960-03-02">2 Mar. 1960</collectingDate>
; fr.; 
<collectorName id="7869D3C1509EF3A3D3AB3EF91DCCDE9C">
R. 
<emphasis id="A9A7544A609AC3DCF028FCC8F3AEDAA2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Browne 118</emphasis>
</collectorName>
(
<emphasis id="80A6FD3DED1ECE5F96719BCF780C3FFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Forest Department of British Guiana No. 7942</emphasis>
); NY • 
<collectingRegion id="5065D228B9BDECE1FE6486B869237135" country="Guyana" name="Potaro-Siparuni">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectorName id="C75A47E36CEA31D204861E6AE7FA7B0D">
<location id="7E9BB17508252C0904A47EF2D0A8947E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:7E9BB17508252C0904A47EF2D0A8947E" country="GUYANA" latitude="5.338611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.946114" municipality="Ayanganna Slope" name="Mount Ayanganna" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Ayanganna</location>
, E
</collectorName>
face, camp above first of four escarpments; 
<geoCoordinate id="6BAA753CC6CDF256E1F21F7F0D85EFE5" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="5.338611">
5°20 
<normalizedToken id="909B41BE660E44676F1A384D34DCD70D" originalValue="’19”">'19&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="A28CD574D6D50D019D5987142203996F" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-59.946114">
59°56 
<normalizedToken id="C8FF6B6F7D5566FC55F1CB012D1A9FEE" originalValue="’46”">'46&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="6B0B13718D58AFCEBC885E2D0CA820C9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" unit="m" value="1070.0">
<elevation id="BA7C75DCB052BFF267363BCB16B30102" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" unit="m" value="1070.0">1070 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="C5D67B4F305479F2341D24092F8E95E1" value="2001-06-12">12 Jun. 2001</collectingDate>
; fl., fr.; 
<emphasis id="6656588322A4EB9CAF7A8114D5203E5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="050134193D4C8F287C2C4186ED3AFCEE">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 9062
</emphasis>
; MO n.v
</materialsCitation>
., 
<materialsCitation id="AEF542CE0A6D617A3590AC7D3DA8EEDD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830322" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="R. Browne &amp; Mount Ayanganna, E &amp; Clarke" country="US" elevation="1070" latitude="5.338611" location="US" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.946114" municipality="Ayanganna Slope" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni">
<collectingCountry id="843104D1FFF6EC64791B14DB63CEE4D5" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
; ibid., 
<emphasis id="31433F013005C63E83C2F97F15692047" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Clarke et al. 9063</emphasis>
; MO n.v
</materialsCitation>
., 
<materialsCitation id="027E0C4EFC067E617EE3587ADD6C2F61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830343" collectingDate="2001-06-19" collectorName="Clarke" country="US" elevation="1570" latitude="5.386667" location="Mount Ayanganna" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.976665" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="0D449B9F759B902B0F4A69B36E964148" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="4D467B7EF993027F53C1829D8EB4D764" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="1401515B59D7E6E17BE54BC3C6B4DAE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:1401515B59D7E6E17BE54BC3C6B4DAE7" country="US" latitude="5.386667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.976665" name="Mount Ayanganna" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Ayanganna</location>
, E face, plateau above third of four escarpments; 
<geoCoordinate id="08004903C8B837BF6AAFFF52E33C9E44" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="5.386667">
5°23 
<normalizedToken id="B0963AEB078C03D1C73E2BF0B59C9D1B" originalValue="’12”">'12&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="84D7E2531CB402971C3D5BF3A3A48F50" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-59.976665">
59°58 
<normalizedToken id="5C8FA80B8F712AC6449ECA3CA0EA88A0" originalValue="’36”">'36&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="8BBCE45E20C0B3EA3471AE3869B13ADC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" unit="m" value="1570.0">
<elevation id="F34D62557A73FF6DAE88F5A29A032E71" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" unit="m" value="1570.0">1570 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="42C6E2D8D9A4E9E65284077336A5A65E" value="2001-06-19">19 Jun. 2001</collectingDate>
; fr.; 
<emphasis id="EC9DBD8039AD207D994F78DF71DC8329" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="644C32E1740518716C31592098BB2B0C">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 9350
</emphasis>
; MO n.v
</materialsCitation>
., 
<materialsCitation id="98B35A750A167E25A511B06E11D3446C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830309" collectingDate="2001-06-26" collectorName="Clarke" country="US" elevation="1545" latitude="5.384722" location="Mount Ayanganna" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.975834" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="6EDF8670E1BFD3D35606D4A42A8579D2" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="913DAFDB10A54507C004A3ED55C9023E" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="EE4F3010A9FD0D1A193EC336AA6DB5EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:EE4F3010A9FD0D1A193EC336AA6DB5EE" country="US" latitude="5.384722" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.975834" name="Mount Ayanganna" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Ayanganna</location>
, E face; 
<geoCoordinate id="74DB18BD344262D436E0DB41C760A655" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="5.384722">
5°23 
<normalizedToken id="90C1F8C217754892C59CC373E1EFF1A0" originalValue="’05”">'05&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="60E4F0C922CF9E0F3A717DEB9CC63B77" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-59.975834">
59°58 
<normalizedToken id="8B7094A34B69481543142BC18D7C43D1" originalValue="’33”">'33&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="D7BC309227B80B6CF51D585733C66D46" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.545" unit="m" value="1545.0">
<elevation id="86ABAE8ADD08D7D776A3A2E554F122DE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.545" unit="m" value="1545.0">1545 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="4C825357A0E549A4DB2CA10248B8009A" value="2001-06-26">26 Jun. 2001</collectingDate>
; fl., fr.; 
<emphasis id="D7EB16545D023BD9C3AD4FC62BC1BF53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="6AEB40D75FE33DD27E84A28180A98E90">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 9565
</emphasis>
; MO n.v., NY
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="BDD3BB8D88C39681CDEBAF49A046E13E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830354" collectingDate="2003-06-30" collectorName="Clarke" country="US" elevation="1524" latitude="5.0927777" location="Mount Wokomung" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.836945" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="F8CEB81FE5F1203408741D63D4E7A33A" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="F65CE132A867229033B954A96B763202" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="D99FC14E19E854CFA822F6A2AC011824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:D99FC14E19E854CFA822F6A2AC011824" country="US" latitude="5.0927777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.836945" name="Mount Wokomung" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Wokomung</location>
, easternmost pinnacle of massif; 
<geoCoordinate id="2D4706332BECCFB6CE1A06DB7E965CA1" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="5.0927777">
5°05 
<normalizedToken id="3A1C3C011EE2D618415E494A150F8401" originalValue="’34”">'34&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F6788EBB86DA8CF99CE5E83B3B7635CD" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-59.836945">
59°50 
<normalizedToken id="81A0A03E94C3D5E61E29D632A2D0233A" originalValue="’13”">'13&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="11CAF8C0D18CF46C7BCA62647998B3DB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">
<elevation id="B7735A6007F04D5D44ADFCF85A458029" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="m" value="1524.0">1524 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="2DB6766D2BD452A62499D00241A99088" value="2003-06-30">30 Jun. 2003</collectingDate>
; fl. buds; 
<emphasis id="A61CCC0E4C3279D8884625BF2BBBED97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="FA5F10696242FD947459A2E7835A644B">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 10341
</emphasis>
; MO n.v., NY
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="D041F17E73F62232017FAD70962A0DC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830350" collectingDate="2003-07-04" collectorName="Clarke" country="US" elevation="1375" latitude="5.0941668" location="Mount Wokomung" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.84333" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="622E355B8EE03219625CB73BBF848545" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="69D13A7EBD11BCEAC3EF0BD0D496F1F7" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="078D9F99845DE69F47835A53DB1F848B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:078D9F99845DE69F47835A53DB1F848B" country="US" latitude="5.0941668" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.84333" name="Mount Wokomung" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Wokomung</location>
, base of fourth escarpment; 
<geoCoordinate id="84E98B106076131B125624F7F351255A" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="5.0941668">
5°05 
<normalizedToken id="832FC8F3DD67CD39DA296F4EC4124619" originalValue="’39”">'39&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="986201425DFA1C7CB1D0F87C38B4CBD5" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-59.84333">
59°50 
<normalizedToken id="AEF8A80152668E6132136F8B3CB72262" originalValue="’36”">'36&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="821A61D1A9C681E9B73D91AE7BB4D50D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" unit="m" value="1375.0">
<elevation id="BA700BF255740441A722433022940BD4" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" unit="m" value="1375.0">1375 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="CF1737C7C2A52919C7B33D34AE66F34C" value="2003-07-04">4 Jul. 2003</collectingDate>
; fr.; 
<emphasis id="6535C666C2739BCE067111D511C2C091" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="811D29F12A4DFBEB934F1783F27CDD2A">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 10508
</emphasis>
; MO n.v., NY
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="0EB7B3C1DE7C8FE67409F0DDBCEFA6BC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830349" collectingDate="2003-07-06" collectorName="Clarke" country="US" county="Mount Wokomung" elevation="1660" latitude="5.081389" location="Mount Wokomung" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.840553" municipality="Little Ayanganna" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="D9C1D7C9182D85094F1F528C4DCA8A72" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="64981A5C3EBCF63B76DD46DCE2AA9C3C" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="5EB861CDB44F9F13AFF4B853C7FA3331">Mount Wokomung</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="059746F837755B868AA55C176CD3ED10">Little Ayanganna</collectingMunicipality>
, summit of highest point of 
<location id="A49C1E023BA79913089C0136CAC9E890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:A49C1E023BA79913089C0136CAC9E890" country="US" county="Mount Wokomung" latitude="5.081389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.840553" municipality="Little Ayanganna" name="Mount Wokomung" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Wokomung</location>
massif; 
<geoCoordinate id="4A714A941413F0FE7715E87349412301" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="5.081389">
5°04 
<normalizedToken id="047ABCD517EFAFAB1D7F9A79F341A0EE" originalValue="’53”">'53&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="6EA73496FF3D867E892EBEB89DCEABF3" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="-59.840553">
59°50 
<normalizedToken id="17D5AD4555346F5A35A722A362924677" originalValue="’26”">'26&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="D7CFF4A6FDA33C87C5EB78B12EF218E9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" unit="m" value="1660.0">
<elevation id="F2793E0D4B7B2A5DAFCA1AFE3BD2641B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" unit="m" value="1660.0">1660 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="4EEE9B26CD52721AC3B36D18F28921B7" value="2003-07-06">6 Jul. 2003</collectingDate>
; fl.; 
<emphasis id="3E3F80054D716F5EAB9360EE3A4C6E9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="E48DBD1545A2E7C863D885571873440C">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 10588
</emphasis>
; MO n.v., NY
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="0E6540D69638042F55E6AD1E7F10CF6B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830303" collectingDate="2003-07-10" collectorName="Clarke" country="US" elevation="1560" latitude="5.0675" location="Mount Wokomung" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.861664" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="4309B4102536E39111A4879AC0DAD9B5" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="841046445949306074164350D933F292" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="E7815FAB7493FCA1F9551C174E6452B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:E7815FAB7493FCA1F9551C174E6452B7" country="US" latitude="5.0675" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.861664" name="Mount Wokomung" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Wokomung</location>
, summit; 
<geoCoordinate id="26BDF3E98B6C8E898C78CBDDE7D6108A" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="3" value="5.0675">
5°04 
<normalizedToken id="529D48E7065F7BCB1922CA7AE37981E9" originalValue="’3”">'3&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7DFAD0EA26A1E930BB6BCDFCF4628AF" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-59.861664">
59°51 
<normalizedToken id="6DFF81D26403B7919D13191E6DA5E32A" originalValue="’42”">'42&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="343E0613C01CF5094ADC62BFD32FF4A6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" unit="m" value="1560.0">
<elevation id="B9CA45CF8F1206641A2715823C727315" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" unit="m" value="1560.0">1560 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="FECE4976E4A08D700E24966A0B45978C" value="2003-07-10">10 Jul. 2003</collectingDate>
; fl. buds; 
<emphasis id="3FDE7AF48288DC3E692FE90C98874D4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="CE6C5B87DE0A8F660A7ECA6C2878CEE0">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 10713
</emphasis>
; MO n.v
</materialsCitation>
., 
<materialsCitation id="3A070C8E2E85F2AF514112AD26C9882B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830323" collectingDate="2003-07-10" collectorName="Clarke" country="US" elevation="1560" latitude="5.0675" location="Mount Wokomung" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.861664" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="BD467C15BBF44D1808CE05F897257955" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="5C834AC826B01F07654FF40A45D35AED" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="C738EDA425C0DAD403B2E890684641E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:C738EDA425C0DAD403B2E890684641E6" country="US" latitude="5.0675" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.861664" name="Mount Wokomung" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Wokomung</location>
, summit; 
<geoCoordinate id="4DB1A61D097A3844C35140FB68D33004" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="5.0675">
5°04 
<normalizedToken id="533A8412BD17799C7F63DE3B24A66995" originalValue="’03”">'03&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="1ECA0A529022D7B0153FB6A86A581D06" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-59.861664">
59°51 
<normalizedToken id="66BF3B4669DCF9BB59088ABF22F70D8E" originalValue="’42”">'42&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="ECADB5278F5FFB65A8B029D154E3F8DA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" unit="m" value="1560.0">
<elevation id="6D90406F074125F32353FB7E072328D9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" unit="m" value="1560.0">1560 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="33FB07D15F715867FA0899B887EBE439" value="2003-07-10">10 Jul. 2003</collectingDate>
; fl. buds; 
<emphasis id="48A4ECAC3CD42C40D1ECEA6ED2A48778" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="7E81A2F0637ED6C4F3936493462E4F0B">Clarke</collectorName>
et al. 10757
</emphasis>
; MO n.v
</materialsCitation>
., 
<materialsCitation id="12457EADEB21A2BF6862D726FC7B1130" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830345" collectingDate="1993-02-19" collectorName="Henkel, Chin" country="US" elevation="1515" latitude="5.0666666" location="Mount Wokomung" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-59.866665" municipality="Pakaraima Mountains" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">
<collectingCountry id="68895CF21832918E3F7AFE4D61964E72" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="1FB39B005DB83D9BF85F66CF64DE0FF4" inferredBySuffix="true">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="EC4C3C9D2C1991B2CE260F7C9C8FFCA1">Pakaraima Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="9FD0F5EBCABCF7CA073C59E4009BA21B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:9FD0F5EBCABCF7CA073C59E4009BA21B" country="US" latitude="5.0666666" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-59.866665" municipality="Pakaraima Mountains" name="Mount Wokomung" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni Region">Mount Wokomung</location>
, summit plateau, from central plateau 
<quantity id="392BA0F8DC308F37306555A2F0C28944" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="km" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 km</quantity>
to escarpment; 
<geoCoordinate id="55C486C1B330558B8F20194097FB76C7" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.0666666">5°04'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="F912EDA8E059DBA4379C72D0C20ABAB6" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-59.866665">59°52'W</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="9A63F4795510D73CF38266559A41E0D4" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.515" metricValueMax="1.53" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="1515.0" valueMax="1530.0" valueMin="1500.0">
<elevation id="B0A43A1FAC43635E585040B0AC1745A5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.515" metricValueMax="1.53" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="1515.0" valueMax="1530.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500-1530 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="9E57214FFE2F3F8C5CA671335D6CB603" value="1993-02-19">19 Feb. 1993</collectingDate>
; fr.; 
<emphasis id="6613D2D1C118A69DC28DBF994D3B96B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="29BA5C3436E4211DC53EFE6C3CE90A56">Henkel</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="156A5AA2E45A1418CA060586E64C0DBA">Chin</collectorName>
1483
</emphasis>
; MO n.v., NY
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="E6DCE39637330C1F9AC27252CFF07D3B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960830324" collectingDate="2014-03-13" collectorName="Radosavljevic" country="US" location="Mount Ayanganna" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="DC8386521ED6FB8AAA25CE3E757D08D2" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, 
<location id="ABCC666CFCB8538B5A855E8F119D403E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE75C4ECE796534282C72EECB8CBA121:ABCC666CFCB8538B5A855E8F119D403E" country="US" name="Mount Ayanganna">Mount Ayanganna</location>
, east slope; 
<collectingDate id="C8D02B04F77A8D68F9937210AFA8DCC5" value="2014-03-13">13 Mar. 2014</collectingDate>
; fr.; 
<emphasis id="EF992896EDF840C97FFFEE1AC56D985E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName id="30E58E1E15B4B18CDF568AC81690D7AB">Radosavljevic</collectorName>
et al. 146
</emphasis>
; P
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D5AE186E477D7887BDFDD4012C16976" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="29EC532B256AA02D1D6EE4777E3BE8B2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Notes.</emphasis>
This species was placed by 
<bibRefCitation id="52BCFC6E92FD1D00529DE316C40E5E70" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" author="Taylor, CM" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="100 - 127" refId="B52" refString="Taylor, CM, Gereau, RE, 2013. The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 99: 100 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" title="The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" volume="99" year="2013">Taylor and Gereau (2013)</bibRefCitation>
in their 
<taxonomicName id="44B32B50530651ED5A3FBE81FF037ED6" genus="Panurensis" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="Panurensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9F7672CC1BF5BDD7E6DFD74AEC8FD54C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Panurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, together with 
<taxonomicName id="4719C441F88A62A91E94A4C9794CE5EC" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. panurensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="panurensis">
<emphasis id="4FC43B5AA26CB076AFCA202FE8329FDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. panurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Brazilian and Colombian Amazon, but the two differ in so many characters that a close relationship between them seems unlikely. In fact, 
<taxonomicName id="C7E95ECB83EAABF9597B8D753D1B4B2D" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. panurensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="panurensis">
<emphasis id="B56756C0084E885470C0573DD0D2DAA5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. panurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has several aberrant characters within the genus: almost spiciform inflorescences (the lateral branches being extremely reduced), an entire disk, large mitriform stipules usually with a prominent midrib, and secondary leaf veins forming conspicuous loops far from the margin. On the other hand, 
<taxonomicName id="850074AD6E3754D8BF633AD281AF74B8" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. tillettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="tillettii">
<emphasis id="967870F0DA9EFA88135809F29B0F7E34" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. tillettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has thyrsoid inflorescences, a bipartite disk, stipules smaller than those of 
<taxonomicName id="1BB7B7522C1B783FE4B141EB8D3029A3" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. panurensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="panurensis">
<emphasis id="59ACC7DBEFC094EEA07F61F2C8FAF615" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. panurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and without prominent midrib, and secondary leaf veins looping near the margin. All these characters fit very well with 
<bibRefCitation id="BFE5DE9856DA37A08D23307BA58AD76D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" author="Taylor, CM" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="100 - 127" refId="B52" refString="Taylor, CM, Gereau, RE, 2013. The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 99: 100 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" title="The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" volume="99" year="2013">
Taylor and 
<normalizedToken id="3769304DA6F549A0CB61F5E53F4D19EA" originalValue="Gereau’s">Gereau's</normalizedToken>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="6CC573FDD7683679E582898DA73900D2" authorityName="Lachenaud &amp; Delprete" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Carapichea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carapichea" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="292B6F166062E3A01E8EB531CB773223" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Carapichea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, where 
<taxonomicName id="9CCD9C041A941A7D340D4F611C45C23D" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. tillettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="tillettii">
<emphasis id="D77B8FE70530C045581A67022D9BAF6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. tillettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most closely resembles 
<taxonomicName id="17E89F986A908AF3EC59B762C67E257A" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. franquevilleana" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="franquevilleana">
<emphasis id="5C8789B03881C66A651088D9FDE6F2CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. franquevilleana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="DA29EF83C9247352F9DC5D2C90642B97" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. klugii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="klugii">
<emphasis id="062DB1850E58E8CE946E95D1C5FA8E25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. klugii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It differs from these species (which are probably not distinct from each other) by its pyramidal inflorescence with ramifications shorter than rachis (vs not or hardly so), smaller and coriaceous bracts, corolla tube 6.0- 
<quantity id="9EA8EBF93FC1B5723574A4D5C5345C5D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
long (vs 
<quantity id="EA2E5584F9A0208E652A0721319DD274" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long), and sessile fruits (vs shortly pedicellate). As noted by 
<bibRefCitation id="40E4F227D0702BB61843EDD9C036977F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" author="Taylor, CM" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="100 - 127" refId="B52" refString="Taylor, CM, Gereau, RE, 2013. The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 99: 100 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" title="The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" volume="99" year="2013">Taylor and Gereau (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, the leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="77A0949FBFE1598F808B4807954E41CA" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. tillettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="tillettii">
<emphasis id="BB31516BD5A7F8ABC26B6FA57CD0D638" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. tillettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be opposite or verticillate, sometimes with both conditions on the same branch, and the stipules can be bilobed or irregularly 3-5-fid at apex. The locality, altitude, collection date, and field notes of the 
<typeStatus id="76B270231BF691063CD2E7A1DB92181F">type</typeStatus>
collection have been wrongly cited both in the protologue (
<bibRefCitation id="B1161FB0E898EE64846F6B86AD6DC79A" author="Steyermark, JA" editor="Maguire, B &amp; coll" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="227 - 832" refId="B43" refString="Steyermark, JA, 1972. Rubiaceae. In: Maguire, B &amp; coll, Ed., (Eds) The Botany of the Guayana Highland - Part IX. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 23: 227 - 832" title="Rubiaceae." volume="23" volumeTitle="(Eds) The Botany of the Guayana Highland - Part IX." year="1972">Steyermark 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 498) and in 
<bibRefCitation id="F05D7F4DD2F3DED7FD8ACB6A378EB154" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" author="Taylor, CM" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="100 - 127" refId="B52" refString="Taylor, CM, Gereau, RE, 2013. The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 99: 100 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" title="The genus Carapichea (Rubiaceae, Psychotrieae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3417/2011064" volume="99" year="2013">Taylor and Gereau (2013</bibRefCitation>
: 123). The 
<typeStatus id="8913987E90869F5B343D2FC55CFB3EC9">type</typeStatus>
label actually reads &quot;Tree to 
<quantity id="8445494988AF21CFFC3D3BEF8945F6DB" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
; flowers white; fruit dark red; occasional in wet forest along trail, ridge of Merume Mountain, elev. 
<quantity id="5BBD43C5F49EA887963402F80B957EA8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140 m</quantity>
.&quot;. This species is not to be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="FEC832C7DA3CCCB026570440DD982AD6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Rudgea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rudgea tillettii" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tillettii">
<emphasis id="B95358E095F077FBEB26E3BC4E164287" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Rudgea tillettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Steyerm. (Steyermark 1976: 416), which is a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="682419BB27686DCE7F3701CEA95CBAC9" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="R. coussareoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="coussareoides">
<emphasis id="2741F46330ABFEA3673A02FB6D4A8CC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">R. coussareoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Standl.) C.M.Taylor, Bruniera &amp; Zappi (
<bibRefCitation id="6B5034C2C498DD31B0E2BFA97BA76B73" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-015-9596-3" author="Taylor, CM" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" refId="B51" refString="Taylor, CM, Bruniera, CP, Zappi, DC, 2015. Taxonomic transfers in Neotropical Palicoureeae: new combinations in Rudgea and Palicourea. Kew Bulletin 70: 45. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-015-9596-3" title="Taxonomic transfers in Neotropical Palicoureeae: new combinations in Rudgea and Palicourea. Kew Bulletin 70: 45." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/S12225-015-9596-3" year="2015">Taylor et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
). The latter somewhat resembles 
<taxonomicName id="EB48F304E88FA5BDFC75BAA89219342D" higherTaxonomySource="Manual Input" lsidName="C. tillettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" rank="species" species="tillettii">
<emphasis id="9E85616DF776E9281EA55F0E0B790E89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C. tillettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general appearance, but its stipules are basally connate into a truncate sheath and bearing dorsal appendages (these soon caducous), its flowers are sparsely arranged (not densely crowded at the apex of inflorescence ramifications) and its disk is entire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>