311 lines
34 KiB
XML
311 lines
34 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F1E0E895676F938E392D9593215E4D1A">Review of Acanthocephala (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) of America north of Mexico with a key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F064091FD23C6E49EA7D2134A3EAD770">Sites, Robert W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D4826782E2A72CBCE9DFCBA460E5F0B0">Taylor, Steven J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="FD756C7C925CE238FF14F88AFB8C9946" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6185315" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119398603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6185315" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD756C7C925CE238FF14F88AFB8C9946" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD756C7C925CE238FF14F88AFB8C9946" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A925CE237FF14F88AFD679B73" blockId="7.[151,741,1843,1902]" box="[151,741,1843,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="2E2B6A06925CE237FF14F88AFD679B73" bold="true" box="[151,741,1843,1870]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E9925CE237FF14F88AFD679B73" ID-CoL="64CWH" ID-ENA="2316783" authority="Uhler" authorityName="Uhler" box="[151,741,1843,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Acanthocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi" subGenus="Melapodiessa">
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FF14F88AFD679B73" bold="true" box="[151,741,1843,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FF14F88AFEDE9B70" bold="true" box="[151,348,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Acanthocephala</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FEEEF88AFD939B70" bold="true" box="[365,529,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Melapodiessa</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FDA1F88AFD009B70" bold="true" box="[546,642,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">thomasi</emphasis>
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(Uhler)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A925CE237FF14F8E8FEDA9B50" blockId="7.[151,741,1843,1902]" box="[151,344,1878,1902]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="EDE7C1EF925CE237FF1CF8E8FF6D9B50" box="[159,239,1878,1902]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[212,1401,223,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1850]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Habitus photographs of male Acanthocephala spp. 1. A. declivus. 2. A. femorata. 3. A. terminalis. 4. A. thomasi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200532/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="EDE7C1EF925CE237FF79F8E9FEA79B50" box="[250,293,1878,1902]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1977,2000]" captionTargetBox="[278,1311,208,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[267,1329,193,1960]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 12. Hind tibiae of Acanthocephala, male and female respectively. 5 – 6, A. declivis. 7 – 8, A. thomasi. 9 – 10, A. terminalis. 11 – 12, A. femorata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200533/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">7, 8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="EDE7C1EF925CE237FEB1F8E8FECD9B50" box="[306,335,1878,1902]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1205,1228]" captionTargetBox="[192,1389,239,1135]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1184]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 14. Humeral angles of Acanthocephala, posterior view. 13. A. declivis. 14. A. thomasi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200534/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">14</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DC68EE1925CE237FF14F821FCB49BCF" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A925CE237FF14F821FCB49BCF" blockId="7.[151,931,1950,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E9925CE237FF14F821FEE99B8B" box="[151,363,1951,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Metapodius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasii">
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FF14F821FEE99B8B" box="[151,363,1951,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Metapodius thomasii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FEF8F81EFE159B8B" box="[379,407,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">sic</emphasis>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B925CE237FE26F820FDA29B8A" author="Uhler" box="[421,544,1950,1972]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" refString="Uhler, P. R. (1872) Notices of the Hemiptera of the western territories of the United States, chiefly from the surveys of Dr. F. V. Hayden. In F. V. Hayden, Preliminary Report of the United States Geological Survey of Montana and Portions of Adjacent Territories, Fifth Annual Report of Progress, pp. 392 - 423. (1871)." type="journal article" year="1872">Uhler, 1872</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA925CE237FDA9F821FDDF9B8A" box="[554,605,1951,1972]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">U. S.</collectingCountry>
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Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. 5: 399.
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<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E9925CE237FF14F803FDC39BED" ID-CoL="8P4FG" authority="Distant, 1881" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,577,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Acanthocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulosa">
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FF14F803FE2B9BED" box="[151,425,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Acanthocephala granulosa</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B925CE237FE35F803FDC39BED" author="Distant" box="[438,577,1981,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" refString="Distant, W. L. (1880 - 1893) Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. I. Biologia Centrali-Americana. London, 462 pp., 39 plates. (1881: 89 - 168)." type="book chapter" year="1881">Distant, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Biol. Centr.-Am., Rhyn., 1: 120.
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<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E9925CE237FF14F862FDA79BCF" ID-CoL="64CWH" authority="Barber, 1926" authorityName="Barber" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,549,2011,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Acanthocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
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<emphasis id="47A80178925CE237FF14F862FE109BCC" box="[151,402,2012,2034]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Acanthocephala thomasi</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B925CE237FE1CF865FDA79BCF" author="Barber" box="[415,549,2011,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" refString="Barber, H. G. (1926) Notes on Coreidae in the collection of the U. S. National Museum with description of a new Catorhintha (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 34, 209 - 216." type="journal article" year="1926">Barber, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, J. N.
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<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA925CE237FDE7F863FDF49BCC" box="[612,630,2013,2034]" name="Italy" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Y</collectingCountry>
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. Ent. Soc. 34: 209.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DC68EE19253E238FF14FF29FEB69CC9" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A9253E238FF14FF29FEB69CC9" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FF14FF29FE939C8E" bold="true" box="[151,273,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Length:
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<quantity id="B224708F9253E238FEFEFF29FE7E9C91" box="[381,508,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="24.0">24–31 mm</quantity>
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. This species can be recognized by the angles of the pronotum, which are only slightly extended laterally. The metatibial expansions are broadly dilated for most of their length, ending abruptly near the apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DC68EE19253E238FF44FEBDFCF99D22" box="[199,891,259,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A9253E238FF44FEBDFCF99D22" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1400]" box="[199,891,259,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FF44FEBDFEE29D22" bold="true" box="[199,352,259,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Distribution.</emphasis>
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AZ, CA,
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<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FE4CFEBAFE7F9D22" bold="true" box="[463,509,260,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">NM</emphasis>
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, TX
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<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FDBBFEBDFCF99D22" bold="true" box="[568,891,259,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
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(
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<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA9253E238FDBCFEBDFD1A9D22" box="[575,664,259,284]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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[Chihuahua City])
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DC68EE19253E238FF44FE99FB8C9946" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A9253E238FF44FE99FCCD9DB9" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FF44FE99FECE9D7E" bold="true" box="[199,332,295,320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Discussion.</emphasis>
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Almost all biological information for this species comes from
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<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FB93FE96FB229D01" author="Jones" box="[1040,1184,295,319]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Jones, W. A. (1993) New host and habitat associations for some Arizona Pentatomoidea and Coreidae. Southwestern Entomologist Supplement, 16, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">Jones (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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as part of his study of the Pentatomoidea and
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<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FE21FEF2FD859D5A" box="[418,519,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coreidae</taxonomicName>
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of Arizona and includes host plants, habitats, and field life history. The specific collecting sites are listed in Jones' paper so are not given here.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A9253E238FF44FE2BFBEF9E61" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FF44FE2BFEDA9D92" author="Jones" box="[199,344,404,428]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Jones, W. A. (1993) New host and habitat associations for some Arizona Pentatomoidea and Coreidae. Southwestern Entomologist Supplement, 16, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">Jones (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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found adults from May to September, with mating pairs observed in July and August. Eggs and early instars (i.e., 1sts –2nds) were found in August, and late instars (i.e., 3rds–5ths) from July into September. From these data, it is difficult to determine whether this coreid is uni- or bivoltine. However, appearance of mating adults in July, followed by eggs in August, and nymphs from July into September suggest the completion of a spring generation and beginning of a summer generation in July. CSB here reports that adults have been collected in New
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<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA9253E238FF6CFDF9FEC69E61" box="[239,324,583,607]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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from April through October, thus close to that for Arizona noted above.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7563DD6A9253E238FF44FDD3FC649866" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
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<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FF44FDD3FED49EBA" author="Jones" box="[199,342,620,644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Jones, W. A. (1993) New host and habitat associations for some Arizona Pentatomoidea and Coreidae. Southwestern Entomologist Supplement, 16, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">Jones (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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listed several host plants but did not report feeding. However, field data strongly suggest the bugs were feeding at the time of capture. Host plants discussed were
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<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FCD9FD2EFB069E99" authority="Engelmann" authorityName="Engelmann" box="[858,1156,655,680]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
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<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FCD9FD2EFC7C9E96" box="[858,1022,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Agave palmeri</emphasis>
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Engelmann
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</taxonomicName>
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(Palmer's century plant),
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<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FF14FD0AFE3D9EF2" authority="Engelmann" authorityName="Engelmann" box="[151,447,692,716]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schottii">
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<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FF14FD0AFEBA9EF2" box="[151,312,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Agave schottii</emphasis>
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Engelmann
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</taxonomicName>
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(shin dagger),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FDEDFD0AFC5A9EF2" authority="A. Gray" authorityName="A. Gray" box="[622,984,692,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sarothroides">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FDEDFD0AFCF69EF2" box="[622,884,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Baccharis sarothroides</emphasis>
|
||
A. Gray
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(desertbroom),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FB0DFD0BFF5D9ED1" authority="Marsh" authorityName="Marsh" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FB0DFD0BFA1E9EF2" box="[1166,1436,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Fraxinus pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
Marsh
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FE9DFD66FE4F9ECE" authority="Torrey" authorityName="Torrey" box="[286,461,728,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FE9DFD66FEFA9ECE" box="[286,376,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
Torrey
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(red ash),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FDCCFD67FCFA9ED1" authority="Wooton" authorityName="Wooton" box="[591,888,728,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FDCCFD67FC949ECE" box="[591,790,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Prosopis velutina</emphasis>
|
||
Wooton
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(velvet mesquite), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FB0DFD67FA199ED1" authority="Engelmann" authorityName="Engelmann" box="[1166,1435,727,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Yucca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elata">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FB0DFD67FA909ECE" box="[1166,1298,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Yucca elata</emphasis>
|
||
Engelmann
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(soaptree
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FE86FD42FEC99F2A" box="[261,331,764,788]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Yucca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">yucca</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Accompanying life history observations are as follows: (1)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FC78FD42FB229F2A" box="[1019,1184,764,788]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FC78FD42FB229F2A" box="[1019,1184,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Agave palmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: adults were found on flower buds and green seed pods, nymphs and adults on leaves, fruiting stalks, and green fruits; (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FB77FC9EFA169F06" box="[1268,1428,800,824]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schottii">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FB77FC9EFA169F06" box="[1268,1428,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Agave schottii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: nymphs and adults were found on fruiting stalks; (3)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FD73FCFAFC769F62" box="[752,1012,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sarothroides">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FD73FCFAFC769F62" box="[752,1012,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Baccharis sarothroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: adults, including mating pairs, eggs, and third and fourth instars were found on this host plant. Adults generally were on the lower parts of the main stems. Eggs were deposited singly on different plants; (4)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FCA4FC33FBB69F9A" box="[807,1076,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FCA4FC33FBB69F9A" box="[807,1076,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Fraxinus pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FBEDFC32FB4A9F9A" box="[1134,1224,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FBEDFC32FB4A9F9A" box="[1134,1224,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: third–fifth instars and adults were found on a single small tree; (5)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FD3BFC0FFCF99FF6" box="[696,891,944,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutina">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FD3BFC0FFCF99FF6" box="[696,891,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Prosopis velutina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: three adults and one third instar were found (no additional information provided); and (6)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FDECFC6BFD739FD2" box="[623,753,980,1004]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Yucca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elata">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FDECFC6BFD739FD2" box="[623,753,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Yucca elata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: third–fifth instars and mating adults were found on flowers and fruits. CSB notes several records from New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA9253E238FD48FC49FCA29831" box="[715,800,1015,1039]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FCD3FC47FBC5982F" authority="Torrey" authorityName="Torrey" box="[848,1095,1016,1041]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Yucca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baccata">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FCD3FC47FC76982E" box="[848,1012,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Yucca baccata</emphasis>
|
||
Torrey
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(banana
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FB37FC49FB759831" box="[1204,1271,1015,1039]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Yucca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">yucca</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (nymphs and adults, feeding observed) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FE6CFBA2FDB7980A" box="[495,565,1052,1076]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FE6CFBA2FDB7980A" box="[495,565,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Agave</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FDC6FBA2FD0B980A" box="[581,649,1052,1076]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">agave</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (adults); and on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FCD5FBA3FC1A980A" box="[854,920,1053,1076]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Yucca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FCD5FBA3FC1A980A" box="[854,920,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Yucca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Spanish bayonet),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FBFEFBA3FB62980A" box="[1149,1248,1053,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FBFEFBA3FB62980A" box="[1149,1248,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Prosopis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FAA2FBA2FF6F9866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thapsus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FAA2FBA2FF6F9866" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Verbascum thapsus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="63DA16E39253E238FF7DFBFEFEC99866" box="[254,331,1088,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
/plant).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FE23FBFFFDB29866" author="Jones" box="[416,560,1088,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Jones, W. A. (1993) New host and habitat associations for some Arizona Pentatomoidea and Coreidae. Southwestern Entomologist Supplement, 16, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">Jones (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also collected three adults at UV light.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7563DD6A9253E238FF44FBDAFB8C9946" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FF44FBDAFEE59842" author="Palmer" box="[199,359,1124,1148]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Palmer, W. A. (1987) The phytophagous insect fauna associated with Baccharis halimifolia L. and B. neglecta Britton in Texas, Louisiana, and northern Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 89, 185 - 199." type="journal article" year="1987">Palmer (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
conducted a survey of the phytophagous insect fauna associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FBFAFBDAFAEE9842" box="[1145,1388,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halimifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FBFAFBDAFAEE9842" box="[1145,1388,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Baccharis halimifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FF14FB37FE97989E" box="[151,277,1160,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neglecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FF14FB37FE97989E" box="[151,277,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">B. neglecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Louisiana, Texas, and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA9253E238FD1EFB36FD74989E" box="[669,758,1160,1184]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. He reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FC0DFB36FB85989E" box="[910,1031,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Acanthocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FC0DFB36FB85989E" box="[910,1031,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">A. thomasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a rare ectophagous species on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FA07FB37FF7498FA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neglecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FA07FB37FF7498FA" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">B. neglecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
without a specific location but apparently this was observed in Texas (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FBB8FB13FB3F98FA" author="Jones" box="[1083,1213,1196,1220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Jones, W. A. (1993) New host and habitat associations for some Arizona Pentatomoidea and Coreidae. Southwestern Entomologist Supplement, 16, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">Jones 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FB53FB12FF6398D6" author="Waring" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Waring, G. L. & Smith, R. L. (1987) Patterns of faunal succession in Agave palmeri. Southwestern Naturalist, 32, 489 - 497." type="journal article" year="1987">Waring and Smith (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported occasional specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FDF3FB6EFCA498D6" box="[624,806,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Acanthocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FDF3FB6EFCA498D6" box="[624,806,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Acanthocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FCFCFB6EFBA798D6" box="[895,1061,1232,1256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FCFCFB6EFBA798D6" box="[895,1061,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Agave palmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
near Tucson, Arizona.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA9253E238FAB6FB6EFAD698D6" box="[1333,1364,1232,1256]" name="American Samoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FADDFB6FFF639932" author="Jones" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Jones, W. A. (1993) New host and habitat associations for some Arizona Pentatomoidea and Coreidae. Southwestern Entomologist Supplement, 16, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">Jones (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FE08FB4AFD869932" box="[395,516,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Acanthocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FE08FB4AFD869932" box="[395,516,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">A. thomasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on this host plant in Arizona, it strongly suggests that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="114DA09B9253E238FBF9FB4AFA1E9932" author="Waring" box="[1146,1436,1268,1292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" refString="Waring, G. L. & Smith, R. L. (1987) Patterns of faunal succession in Agave palmeri. Southwestern Naturalist, 32, 489 - 497." type="journal article" year="1987">Waring and Smith (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also collected this species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FE56FAA6FDD2990E" box="[469,592,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" genus="Acanthocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FE56FAA6FDD2990E" box="[469,592,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">A. thomasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also may be the species involved in Gentry's (1972) paper in which he referred (p. 104) to damage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FE78FA82FD23996A" box="[507,673,1340,1364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="47A801789253E238FE78FA82FD23996A" box="[507,673,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Agave palmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as "large pustulate scars, probably made by the large, sap-sucking bugs of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2DCA6E99253E238FEE9FADEFE4D9946" box="[362,463,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coreidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
observed on the plants" in nearby Sonora,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0DCB9DFA9253E238FC32FADEFB889946" box="[945,1034,1376,1400]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |