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<document id="98E6DADE3881180BFF164EDB923182F4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239475" ID-ZooBank="BD3E35FA-7BEA-441E-920A-1946F78C19EE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1732800463387" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arias, Erick, Chaves, Gerardo, Kubicki, Brian &amp; Parra-Olea, Gabriela" docDate="2024" docId="FA7D87E63838FF86E3F8FF52FBAC12B2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5537.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5537 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) diminuta" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="219" masterDocId="0644FF9E3830FF8FE36FFFC5FFD7124B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic assessment of the Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) subgenus (Caudata: Plethodontidae) with the description of two new species from the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="233" masterPageNumber="211" pageNumber="219" updateTime="1733168410516" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6F5C8D4C88394F9A94ADF4E1FCDEE171">Taxonomic assessment of the Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) subgenus (Caudata: Plethodontidae) with the description of two new species from the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="812F6C54EE9E0F559917A3DF4F0C0932">Arias, Erick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0D625EB8FDCC2865CAB367270A740541">Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, UNAM, AP 70 - 153 Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, México &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Museo de Zoología, Centro de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FE0A1B001BD0A7A55B3F28F00942AE39" type="email">eapiedra@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BF29B12EA549E055059F215C2C65385F">Chaves, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="705A91B18D7EEE2DFB71F210D199E069" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4301-6569</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F8DA864D51908A8F5CBFB1C774E4DC06">Museo de Zoología, Centro de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ECAA51785A8AFF0D0F41F4894C0D2CEE" type="email">cachi13@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="48D64B794831451592893C4EA1E241DD">Kubicki, Brian</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3A55CD6CD63AA01F88159E1304571902" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7674-7202</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AF3CB64614A4554DE2101FDD4DDF53BB">Costa Rican Amphibian Research Center, Guayacán, Provincia de Limón, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AD4A22539F536B42F01FDD6609D21DA6" type="email">crarc@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7EB336CFA89A49E587B02F8536D4B9F6">Parra-Olea, Gabriela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B3EE805D56ACDA7A7C63AE8938461497">Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, UNAM, AP 70 - 153 Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, México</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="7A3ECD2A91448B4F35E75DA6C91EF4AE">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="FA7D87E63838FF86E3F8FF52FBAC12B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA7D87E63838FF86E3F8FF52FBAC12B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA7D87E63838FF86E3F8FF52FBAC12B2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<subSubSection id="3ACE657B3838FF87E3F8FF52FD3212FA" box="[151,741,151,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="726B36F03838FF87E3F8FF52FD3212FA" blockId="8.[151,741,151,178]" box="[151,741,151,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<heading id="2923819C3838FF87E3F8FF52FD3212FA" bold="true" box="[151,741,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" reason="1">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3F8FF52FD3212FA" bold="true" box="[151,741,151,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E3F8FF52FDFF12F9" ID-CoL="MDP6" box="[151,552,151,178]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta" subGenus="Eladinea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3F8FF52FEFC12F9" bold="true" box="[151,299,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Bolitoglossa</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E252FF52FE7D12F9" bold="true" box="[317,426,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Eladinea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E2D4FF52FDFF12F9" bold="true" box="[443,552,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Species Group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3ACE657B3838FF86E3F8FF1AFBAC12B2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="description">
<paragraph id="726B36F03838FF87E3F8FF1AFBC813C2" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
Our results show that the
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E2DBFF1AFD7C12B2" box="[436,683,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E2DBFF1AFD7C12B2" box="[436,683,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Bolitoglossa diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.G. corresponds with the
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E0B6FF25FBB612B2" box="[985,1121,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E0B6FF25FBB612B2" box="[985,1121,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group of
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013838FF87E649FF1AFEFF1356" author="Kubicki, B. &amp; Arias, E." pageId="8" pageNumber="219" pagination="329 - 346" refId="ref14940" refString="Kubicki, B. &amp; Arias, E. (2016) A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Zootaxa, 4184 (2), 329 - 346. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4184.2.5" type="journal article" year="2016">Kubicki &amp; Arias (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. The group contains seven species:
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E1DBFEC1FCC41356" authorityName="Kubicki &amp; Arias" authorityYear="2016" box="[692,787,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurae">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E1DBFEC1FCC41356" box="[692,787,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. aurae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E04EFEC1FC181356" box="[801,975,259,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureogularis">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E04EFEC1FC181356" box="[801,975,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. aureogularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E0B3FEC1FB891356" box="[988,1118,259,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E0B3FEC1FB891356" box="[988,1118,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E704FEC1FAD21356" box="[1131,1285,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugivagans">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E704FEC1FAD21356" box="[1131,1285,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. jugivagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E67DFEC1FA421356" authorityName="Bolanos &amp; Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[1298,1429,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E67DFEC1FA421356" box="[1298,1429,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and two new species described here. The
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E111FEEDFCD3130A" box="[638,772,295,321]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E111FEEDFCD3130A" box="[638,772,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.G. is distributed along the Talamanca Mountain range, at
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E3DBFE8EFE86132D" box="[180,337,331,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="1.06" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="m" value="2180.0" valueMax="3300.0" valueMin="1060.0">1060–3300 m</quantity>
a.s.l. (
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753838FF87E2CFFE8EFE34132E" box="[416,483,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1592,1616]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,811,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-324@1.[151,1436,810,1566]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1.A) Map of the Cordillera de Talamanca in the Costa Rica-Panamá border-line region showing all known populations of the seven species within the Bolitoglossa diminuta Species Group. B) Map showing the localities for B. bramei, B. pygmaea, B. robinsoni, and B. silentium sp. nov. on the Fábregas and Echandi massifs. The open shape indicates the historical data and the solid shape indicates the localities with molecular data included herein." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The species
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E1E4FE89FD3A132E" authorityName="Kubicki &amp; Arias" authorityYear="2016" box="[651,749,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurae">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E1E4FE89FD3A132E" box="[651,749,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. aurae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E191FE89FC78132E" box="[766,943,331,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureogularis">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E191FE89FC78132E" box="[766,943,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. aureogularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E09FFE89FB5B132E" box="[1008,1164,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugivagans">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E09FFE89FB5B132E" box="[1008,1164,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. jugivagans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known only for the specimens described in the original description; no additional material is known.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="726B36F03838FF87E3A8FE56FE7F115E" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3A8FE56FE1913E6" bold="true" box="[199,462,403,430]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E3A8FE56FE1213E5" box="[199,453,403,430]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3A8FE56FE1213E5" bold="true" box="[199,453,403,430]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Bolitoglossa diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
This species was described by
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013838FF87E058FE56FC2213E6" author="Robinson, D. C." box="[823,1013,403,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" pagination="289 - 294" refId="ref15518" refString="Robinson, D. C. (1976) A new dwarf salamander of the genus Bolitoglossa (Plethodontidae) from Costa Rica. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89, 289 - 294." type="journal article" year="1976">Robinson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
based on an adult female (SL =
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) from Tapantí, on the northern portion of the Talamanca Mountain range. The dorsal coloration of the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523838FF87E655FE72FA4B139A" box="[1338,1436,439,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is brown with two lateral dark brown bands from the posterior margin of the eye to the anterior third of the tail. David
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603838FF87E38AFE3AFEF31052" box="[229,292,511,537]" name="Wake Island" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Wake</collectingCountry>
collected a second specimen (MVZ207052; photos in AmphibiaWeb) of this species in 1987, very near to the type locality, an adult female (SL =
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E1DAFDE6FCC81076" box="[693,799,547,574]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="mm" value="31.5">31.5 mm</quantity>
). This second specimen agrees in dorsal coloration with the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523838FF87E3AEFD82FEF0102A" box="[193,295,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; however, the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523838FF87E2A6FD82FDFC102A" box="[457,555,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
contrasts less in color between the dorsal and lateral areas. Both females were found brooding eggs. We found a third specimen (SL =
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E190FDAEFCB410CE" box="[767,867,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="mm" value="31.6">31.6 mm</quantity>
) in Tapantí, with a dorsal coloration pattern similar to Wake’s specimen (
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753838FF87E2ECFD4AFE0B10E2" box="[387,476,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photograph in preservation of (A) Bolitoglossa robinsoni (UCR11216), holotype from Cerro Echandi and inlife photographs of species found in the Talamanca Mountain range during this study. (B) B. bramei (UCR21930) from Valle del Silencio, (C) B. bramei (UCR23698) from Cerro Fábregas, (D) B. diminuta (UCR24413) from Tapantí, (E) B. pygmaea (UCR23697) from Cerro Fábregas, and (F) B. pygmaea (no collected) from Cerro Echandi. Photos by E. Arias (A,C,E), Victor Acosta (B), Brian Kubicki (D), and Omar Zúñiga (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239483/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). This specimen was sequenced, and it was phylogenetically related to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E781FD55FA4A10E2" box="[1262,1437,655,681]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureogularis">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E781FD55FA4A10E2" box="[1262,1437,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. aureogularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753838FF87E3F0FD76FF321086" box="[159,229,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[158,257,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,238,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-49@5.[189,1398,234,1820]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bayesian phylogenetic inference shows the relationships of the Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) subgenus based on the 16S and cyt b mitochondrial DNA gene fragments. Bootstraps proportions from maximum likelihood are shown above branches. Below the branches are shown posterior probabilities (multiplied by 100) from BEAST analysis (right) and posterior probabilities (multiplied by 100) from MrBayes analysis (left). The scale bar refers to the estimated substitutions per site. The support values of nodes within species are not shown. The asterisks represent support of 100. N.V. = no a voucher." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E396FD76FDCC1086" box="[249,539,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureogularis">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E396FD76FDCC1086" box="[249,539,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Bolitoglossa aureogularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E1C1FD71FCE61086" box="[686,817,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E1C1FD71FCE61086" box="[686,817,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its larger size, SL =
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E755FD76FB4A1085" box="[1082,1181,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="mm" value="48.8">48.8 mm</quantity>
in adult females (SL =
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E3F8FD12FF2B10B9" box="[151,252,727,754]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="mm" value="31.6">31.6 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E24EFD1DFE7310BA" box="[289,420,727,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E24EFD1DFE7310BA" box="[289,420,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and by contrasting the gular color of bright yellow with the belly color (venter relatively uniform in
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E27AFD39FE4F115E" box="[277,408,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E27AFD39FE4F115E" box="[277,408,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="726B36F03838FF87E3A8FCE5FEDD11A6" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
We believe that the specimen from Tapantí (UCR24413) can be referred with high confidence to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E677FCE5FA4A1172" box="[1304,1437,799,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E677FCE5FA4A1172" box="[1304,1437,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since it was collected near the type locality (
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E1FCFC81FD631116" box="[659,692,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">ca.</emphasis>
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E1D3FC86FD2C1116" box="[700,763,835,862]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
). It is an adult female of similar size and coloration pattern to the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523838FF87E3B0FCA2FE9611CA" box="[223,321,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753838FF87E23EFCA2FE4011CA" box="[337,407,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1027,1617]" captionTargetId="figure-418@8.[151,1436,1027,1617]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal views of the body of (A) the holotype of Bolitoglossa diminuta (UCR5217) and (B) the specimen of B. diminuta from Tapantí (UCR24413) in preservation. Photographs by E.A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239485/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). On the other hand, a possible scenario is that our
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E0B1FCADFBB511CA" box="[990,1122,871,897]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E0B1FCADFBB511CA" box="[990,1122,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen corresponds with
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E3F8FC49FE9F11EE" box="[151,328,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureogularis">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3F8FC49FE9F11EE" box="[151,328,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. aureogularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and we lack DNA data for
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E1EAFC49FCDD11EE" box="[645,778,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E1EAFC49FCDD11EE" box="[645,778,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E073FC49FC7D11EE" box="[796,938,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">sensu stricto</emphasis>
]. This last scenario is -for us- less feasible; however, due to the phylogenetic similarity between
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E19EFC75FC761182" box="[753,929,943,969]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureogularis">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E19EFC75FC761182" box="[753,929,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. aureogularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the specimen from Tapantí, it cannot be discarded.
</paragraph>
<caption id="26AB66783838FF87E3F8F9AFFC5414EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239485" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239485/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" startId="8.[151,250,1642,1666]" targetBox="[151,1436,1027,1617]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="726B36F03838FF87E3F8F9AFFC5414EC" blockId="8.[151,1437,1642,1703]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3F8F9AFFEC214C8" bold="true" box="[151,277,1642,1667]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Dorsal views of the body of (A) the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E075F9AEFC2C14C8" box="[794,1019,1643,1667]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E075F9AEFC2C14C8" box="[794,1019,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Bolitoglossa diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCR5217) and (B) the specimen of
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E6E9F9AEFF2614EC" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E6E9F9AEFF2614EC" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tapantí (UCR24413) in preservation. Photographs by E.A.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="726B36F03838FF86E3A8F93DFBAC12B2" blockId="8.[151,1436,1784,2028]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,150,249]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3A8F93DFE1A1558" bold="true" box="[199,461,1784,1811]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E3A8F93DFE131558" authorityName="Bolanos &amp; Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[199,452,1784,1811]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E3A8F93DFE131558" bold="true" box="[199,452,1784,1811]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Bolitoglossa pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="770B602B3838FF87E2BAF93CFDD01558" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA7D87E63838FF86E3F8FF52FBAC12B2:770B602B3838FF87E2BAF93CFDD01558" box="[469,519,1785,1811]" country="Wake Island" county="Cerro Echandi" municipality="As" name="This" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">This</location>
species was described by
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013838FF87E05CF93CFB911558" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[819,1094,1785,1811]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños &amp;
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603838FF87E0DBF93CFC241558" box="[948,1011,1785,1811]" name="Wake Island" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
based on 26 poorly preserved specimens from Cerro Fábregas. They described the species as miniaturized, with maximum SL =
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E7B0F8D8FA95157C" box="[1247,1346,1821,1847]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6799999999999997" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="mm" value="36.8">36.8 mm</quantity>
in adult females; with pale coloration and black pigmented stomach and peritoneum, venter unpigmented, almost transparent; and with large nostrils.
<collectingMunicipality id="920FAC8A3838FF87E2F5F8A0FE6E1534" box="[410,441,1893,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">As</collectingMunicipality>
cited above,
<specimenCount id="64D2FD793838FF87E122F8A0FD321534" box="[589,741,1893,1919]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="22729E8B3838FF87E19CF8A0FCA31534" box="[755,884,1893,1919]" collectionCode="UCR" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15736" name="University of California" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="Herbarium">UCR11218</specimenCode>
) of this species was collected previously in
<collectingCounty id="9B0A4E7C3838FF87E633F8A0FF2415E8" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Cerro Echandi</collectingCounty>
but referred to as a
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523838FF87E2BCF84CFDE415E8" box="[467,563,1929,1955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23838FF87E137F84FFD3E15E8" box="[600,745,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733838FF87E137F84FFD3215E8" box="[600,741,1929,1955]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">B. robinsoni</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
In
<date id="066A10303838FF87E061F84CFC4E15E8" box="[782,921,1929,1955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" value="2018-03">
<collectingDate id="162EE9D83838FF87E061F84CFC4E15E8" box="[782,921,1929,1955]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" value="2018-03">March 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, we collected an adult female (SL =
<quantity id="B52C9B153838FF87E65DF84CFA4F15E8" box="[1330,1432,1929,1955]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.92" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" unit="mm" value="29.2">29.2 mm</quantity>
,
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753838FF87E3F8F868FF3A158C" box="[151,237,1965,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photograph in preservation of (A) Bolitoglossa robinsoni (UCR11216), holotype from Cerro Echandi and inlife photographs of species found in the Talamanca Mountain range during this study. (B) B. bramei (UCR21930) from Valle del Silencio, (C) B. bramei (UCR23698) from Cerro Fábregas, (D) B. diminuta (UCR24413) from Tapantí, (E) B. pygmaea (UCR23697) from Cerro Fábregas, and (F) B. pygmaea (no collected) from Cerro Echandi. Photos by E. Arias (A,C,E), Victor Acosta (B), Brian Kubicki (D), and Omar Zúñiga (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239483/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="219">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
) on Cerro Fábregas. This specimen was uniform bright orange. This specimen from Fábregas in ethanol changed its coloration to pale yellow, similar to the type series. In
<date id="066A10303838FF87E011F814FBEF15A7" box="[894,1080,2001,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" value="2015-09">
<collectingDate id="162EE9D83838FF87E011F814FBEF15A7" box="[894,1080,2001,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" value="2015-09">September 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, we collected
<specimenCount id="64D2FD793838FF87E7B8F814FAA915A0" box="[1239,1406,2001,2027]" count="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="219" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
of this species on Cerro Echandi (SL =
<quantity id="B52C9B153839FF86E154FF53FD7712FA" box="[571,672,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="9" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="28.5">28.5 mm</quantity>
in an adult male,
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753839FF86E000FF52FC1212FA" box="[879,965,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photograph in preservation of (A) Bolitoglossa robinsoni (UCR11216), holotype from Cerro Echandi and inlife photographs of species found in the Talamanca Mountain range during this study. (B) B. bramei (UCR21930) from Valle del Silencio, (C) B. bramei (UCR23698) from Cerro Fábregas, (D) B. diminuta (UCR24413) from Tapantí, (E) B. pygmaea (UCR23697) from Cerro Fábregas, and (F) B. pygmaea (no collected) from Cerro Echandi. Photos by E. Arias (A,C,E), Victor Acosta (B), Brian Kubicki (D), and Omar Zúñiga (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239483/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="220">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). These were variable in coloration; most were dark brown with large blotches. We concluded that
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733839FF86E047FF7EFC78129F" authorityName="Bolanos &amp; Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[808,943,187,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="9" pageNumber="220" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23839FF86E047FF7EFC78129F" box="[808,943,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="220">B. pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is polymorphic in coloration, possibly, the Fábregas population is uniform in coloration but those from Echandi are very variable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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