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<document id="8A48C8AE4268AD803AE14AF84FFA6563" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14239475" ID-ZooBank="BD3E35FA-7BEA-441E-920A-1946F78C19EE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1732800463387" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arias, Erick, Chaves, Gerardo, Kubicki, Brian &amp; Parra-Olea, Gabriela" docDate="2024" docId="FA7D87E63836FF89E3F8FD04FCBC15CB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5537.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5537 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bolitoglossa robinsoni Bolanos and Wake 2009" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="217" masterDocId="0644FF9E3830FF8FE36FFFC5FFD7124B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic assessment of the Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) subgenus (Caudata: Plethodontidae) with the description of two new species from the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="233" masterPageNumber="211" pageNumber="217" updateTime="1732840317764" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D92B5B9E71A127CC5D81430AEBEE4CF6">Taxonomic assessment of the Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) subgenus (Caudata: Plethodontidae) with the description of two new species from the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B2871CFBA54C7E6E31DB81DDA3CE113">Arias, Erick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5ACB4A6AED0C05F857C55014B2E243D7">Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2DCDCF45E94C1F4273EEF03B2A91A19C">Chaves, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0FA9CA4C75F78BED384B6723D22DC9F7" type="email">cachi13@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3E07690306FE1058D6693C991B6BE01E">Parra-Olea, Gabriela</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="FA7D87E63836FF89E3F8FD04FCBC15CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240115" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA7D87E63836FF89E3F8FD04FCBC15CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA7D87E63836FF89E3F8FD04FCBC15CB" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<subSubSection id="3ACE657B3836FF89E3F8FD04FCF61097" box="[151,801,705,732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="726B36F03836FF89E3F8FD04FCF61097" blockId="6.[151,801,705,732]" box="[151,801,705,732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<heading id="2923819C3836FF89E3F8FD04FCF61097" bold="true" box="[151,801,705,732]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" reason="1">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E3F8FD04FCF61097" bold="true" box="[151,801,705,732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
Redefinition of
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E236FD07FCF61097" ID-CoL="5WN8R" authority="Bolanos and Wake 2009" authorityName="Bolanos and Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[345,801,705,732]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E236FD07FE381097" bold="true" box="[345,495,705,732]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E299FD07FCF61097" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[502,801,706,732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">Bolaños and Wake 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="726B36F03836FF89E3F8FCCFFBA911B7" blockId="6.[151,1437,778,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
This species was described by
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E295FCCFFCC7116F" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[506,784,778,804]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños &amp;
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603836FF89E112FCCFFD6B116F" box="[637,700,778,804]" name="Wake Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
based on specimens from Cerro Echandi (
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E795FCCFFA89116F" box="[1274,1374,778,804]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
[
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753836FF89E601FCCFFF6C1103" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photograph in preservation of (A) Bolitoglossa robinsoni (UCR11216), holotype from Cerro Echandi and inlife photographs of species found in the Talamanca Mountain range during this study. (B) B. bramei (UCR21930) from Valle del Silencio, (C) B. bramei (UCR23698) from Cerro Fábregas, (D) B. diminuta (UCR24413) from Tapantí, (E) B. pygmaea (UCR23697) from Cerro Fábregas, and (F) B. pygmaea (no collected) from Cerro Echandi. Photos by E. Arias (A,C,E), Victor Acosta (B), Brian Kubicki (D), and Omar Zúñiga (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
] and two
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E241FCEBFE1A1103" box="[302,461,814,840]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="paratopotype">paratopotypes</typeStatus>
) and Cerro Burú (
<specimenCount id="64D2FD793836FF89E1F1FCEBFCE11103" box="[670,822,814,840]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype</specimenCount>
); both sites form the Echandi massif, at
<quantity id="B52C9B153836FF89E66FFCEBFA4B1103" box="[1280,1436,814,840]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7335" metricValueMax="3.167" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" unit="m" value="2733.5" valueMax="3167.0" valueMin="2300.0">2300–3167 m</quantity>
a.s.l. This species was assigned to the
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E12CFC96FD311127" box="[579,742,850,876]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subpalmata">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E12CFC96FD311127" box="[579,742,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. subpalmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.G. based on morphology.
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E74AFC97FAE21127" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[1061,1333,850,876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños &amp;
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603836FF89E7CBFC97FB341127" box="[1188,1251,850,876]" name="Wake Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
included referred material from four localities in the Talamanca Mountain range, Cerro Fábregas, Cerro Bine, Cerro Itamut, and Valle del Silencio; the first three form the Fábregas massif.
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E017FC5FFB5811FF" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[888,1167,922,948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños &amp;
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603836FF89E093FC5FFBEC11FF" box="[1020,1083,922,948]" name="Wake Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
noted that this referred material might represent separated undescribed species. Our study includes specimens morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E3F8FC26FEF711B7" authorityName="Bolanos and Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,288,994,1020]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E3F8FC26FEF711B7" box="[151,288,994,1020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the type locality Cerro Echandi, Fábregas, and from Valle del Silencio.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="726B36F03836FF89E3A8FBC3FCF0172F" blockId="6.[151,1437,778,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
In our phylogenetic analyses, the large and robust salamanders found at Cerro Echandi (UCR22719 and UCR22721) and Fábregas (UCR23698–9) (
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753836FF89E1E6FBEFFD36160F" box="[649,737,1066,1092]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photograph in preservation of (A) Bolitoglossa robinsoni (UCR11216), holotype from Cerro Echandi and inlife photographs of species found in the Talamanca Mountain range during this study. (B) B. bramei (UCR21930) from Valle del Silencio, (C) B. bramei (UCR23698) from Cerro Fábregas, (D) B. diminuta (UCR24413) from Tapantí, (E) B. pygmaea (UCR23697) from Cerro Fábregas, and (F) B. pygmaea (no collected) from Cerro Echandi. Photos by E. Arias (A,C,E), Victor Acosta (B), Brian Kubicki (D), and Omar Zúñiga (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) cluster with samples of
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E769FBEEFBA0160F" box="[1030,1143,1066,1092]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bramei">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E769FBEEFBA0160F" box="[1030,1143,1066,1092]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. bramei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E7E5FBEEFACE160F" box="[1162,1305,1067,1092]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">sensu stricto</emphasis>
], including sequences of the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E23DFB8BFE631623" box="[338,436,1102,1128]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E2B9FB8AFD9D1623" box="[470,586,1102,1128]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E2B9FB8AFD911623" box="[470,582,1102,1128]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bramei">B. bramei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
One large and robust specimen (UCR20489;
<figureCitation id="EAEF2A753836FF89E751FB8BFB461623" box="[1086,1169,1102,1128]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,179,1312]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photograph in preservation of (A) Bolitoglossa robinsoni (UCR11216), holotype from Cerro Echandi and inlife photographs of species found in the Talamanca Mountain range during this study. (B) B. bramei (UCR21930) from Valle del Silencio, (C) B. bramei (UCR23698) from Cerro Fábregas, (D) B. diminuta (UCR24413) from Tapantí, (E) B. pygmaea (UCR23697) from Cerro Fábregas, and (F) B. pygmaea (no collected) from Cerro Echandi. Photos by E. Arias (A,C,E), Victor Acosta (B), Brian Kubicki (D), and Omar Zúñiga (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14239483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14239483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) from Valle del Silencio falls closely related to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E2FEFBB6FDC316C7" authorityName="Bolanos &amp; Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[401,532,1139,1164]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E2FEFBB6FDC316C7" box="[401,532,1139,1164]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E1FFFBB6FCC516C7" box="[656,786,1138,1164]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E1FFFBB6FCC516C7" box="[656,786,1138,1164]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.G. (proposed and defined here) as the sister clade of two species of miniaturized salamanders. This specimen (UCR20489) from Valle del Silencio is morphologically distinct from
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E3B9FB7EFEB6169F" authorityName="Bolanos and Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[214,353,1210,1236]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E3B9FB7EFEB6169F" box="[214,353,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E21BFB7EFDD4169F" box="[372,515,1211,1236]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">sensu stricto</emphasis>
] (including only the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E199FB7FFC8F169F" box="[758,856,1210,1236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E0D2FB7FFBCA169F" box="[957,1053,1210,1236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
UCR11217). In our phylogenetic analyses, we found no clade without a prior applicable name that agreed morphologically with
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E787FB1AFAAB16B3" box="[1256,1404,1246,1272]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E787FB1AFAAF16B3" authorityName="Bolanos and Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[1256,1400,1246,1272]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">B. robinsoni</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
In addition, the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E242FAC7FE4F1757" box="[301,408,1282,1308]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E2AFFAC6FD591757" authority="UCR" authorityName="UCR" box="[448,654,1282,1308]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E2AFFAC6FD9D1757" box="[448,586,1282,1308]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
UCR
</taxonomicName>
11218 and UCR10921 are morphologically (DNA data not available) different from the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E21FFAE3FE01170B" box="[368,470,1318,1344]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; the first corresponds to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E193FAE2FC54170B" authorityName="Bolanos &amp; Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[764,899,1319,1344]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E193FAE2FC54170B" box="[764,899,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the last is morphologically similar to the sequenced specimen from Valle del Silencio (UCR20489).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="726B36F03836FF89E3A8FAABFE1414CF" blockId="6.[151,1437,778,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
Within the referred material of
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E141FAAAFD6E17C3" box="[558,697,1390,1416]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E141FAAAFD6E17C3" box="[558,697,1390,1416]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E188FAABFBC517C3" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[743,1042,1390,1416]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños and
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603836FF89E012FAABFC6B17C3" box="[893,956,1390,1416]" name="Wake Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
, we suggest based on morphology (DNA data not available) that: 1)
<specimenCount id="64D2FD793836FF89E179FA57FD6A17E7" box="[534,701,1426,1452]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
(UCR11781–2) from Cerro Fábregas correspond to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E67FFA56FA4217E7" authorityName="Bolanos &amp; Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[1296,1429,1427,1452]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E67FFA56FA4217E7" box="[1296,1429,1427,1452]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 2) the specimens from Cerro Itamut (UCR11783–6) correspond to a different species, possibly
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E7A7FA72FA8B179B" box="[1224,1372,1463,1488]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmorea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E7A7FA72FA8B179B" box="[1224,1372,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. marmorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or an unnamed species, and 3) several specimens from Cerro Fábregas and Valle del Silencio (UCR11775–80), originally referred to as
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E244FA3AFE651453" box="[299,434,1534,1560]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E244FA3AFE651453" box="[299,434,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E2B6FA3BFD331453" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[473,740,1534,1560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños &amp;
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603836FF89E13CFA3BFD451453" box="[595,658,1534,1560]" name="Wake Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
, might correspond to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E0BFFA3AFBEB1453" box="[976,1084,1534,1560]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bramei">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E0BFFA3AFBEB1453" box="[976,1084,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. bramei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as defined below. Nevertheless, these specimens are poorly preserved, and there is some variation in their hands and feet compared to the sequenced specimens of
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E25FF982FD5B142B" box="[304,652,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E25FF982FE76142B" box="[304,417,1606,1632]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bramei">B. bramei</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E2C4F983FD5B142B" box="[427,652,1606,1632]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bramei">Bolitoglossa bramei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
has more webbing on the hands and feet compared to those specimens referred to as
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E25DF9AEFE1414CF" box="[306,451,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E25DF9AEFE6814CF" box="[306,447,1642,1668]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">B. robinsoni</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="726B36F03836FF89E3A8F94BFCBC15CB" blockId="6.[151,1437,778,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
We conclude that most specimens referred to as
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E1BAF94AFC8B14E3" box="[725,860,1678,1704]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E1BAF94AFC8B14E3" box="[725,860,1678,1704]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E012F94BFB5014E3" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[893,1159,1678,1704]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños &amp;
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603836FF89E097F94BFBE014E3" box="[1016,1079,1678,1704]" name="Wake Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
correspond to
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E646F94AFA4214E3" box="[1321,1429,1678,1704]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bramei">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E646F94AFA4214E3" box="[1321,1429,1678,1704]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. bramei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E3F8F976FECA1487" authorityName="Bolanos &amp; Wake" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,285,1715,1740]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E3F8F976FECA1487" box="[151,285,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or an unnamed species. However, more evidence is necessary to establish the holotype’s taxonomic status and for the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E231F913FE6914BB" box="[350,446,1750,1776]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
UCR11217. It is especially required to obtain more DNA sequences for specimens from Cerro Echandi, Valle del Silencio, and Cerro Fábregas, including specimens representing the variation observed in the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E38FF8DBFE951573" box="[224,322,1822,1848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the referred material. Therefore, we suggest delimiting
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E09DF8DAFBAB1573" box="[1010,1148,1822,1848]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E09DF8DAFBAB1573" box="[1010,1148,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the description shown by
<bibRefCitation id="16454B013836FF89E3D5F887FE1C1517" author="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B." box="[186,459,1858,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref14398" refString="Bolanos, F. &amp; Wake, D. B. (2009) Two new species of montane web-footed salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the Costa Rica-Panama border region. Zootaxa, 1981 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1981.1.5" type="journal article" year="2009">
Bolaños &amp;
<collectingCountry id="0AC376603836FF89E255F887FEAE1517" box="[314,377,1858,1884]" name="Wake Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Wake</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
based on the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E109F887FD1F1517" box="[614,712,1858,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
UCR11216 and the
<typeStatus id="AD6F88523836FF89E0C1F887FBD91517" box="[942,1038,1858,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
UCR11217. We avoid assigning
<taxonomicName id="B5D44D733836FF89E6EBF886FED615CB" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Bolitoglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="40A0EAE23836FF89E6EBF886FED615CB" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">B. robinsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to any species group due to the lack of molecular data.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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