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<document id="996D9F698F47545446BB0AB0A1B1FD94" ID-CLB-Dataset="29980" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4425.3.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d1ae1e9-fd43-4421-9770-7062f3525dd7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1270819" ID-ZooBank="C76B9ACC-9E4C-4AE4-814D-D140A9224753" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1528146147922" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chen, Zhi-Teng" docDate="2018" docId="FA6587D1FFFA6F72FF28BBC1FCCEF993" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4425.3.13.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4425 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pinguisoperla Chen 2018, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="597" masterDocId="065CFFA9FFFB6F73FFBFBA34FFFFFFF0" masterDocTitle="Pinguisoperla, a new fossil genus of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber" masterLastPageNumber="600" masterPageNumber="596" pageNumber="597" updateTime="1698546672822" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="55E0F7EAEA19DAF7212DAA02C4574EF8">Pinguisoperla, a new fossil genus of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber</mods:title>
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<treatment id="FA6587D1FFFA6F72FF28BBC1FCCEF993" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5957427" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144235682" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5957427" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA6587D1FFFA6F72FF28BBC1FCCEF993" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA6587D1FFFA6F72FF28BBC1FCCEF993" lastPageNumber="597" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<subSubSection id="3AD6654CFFFA6F72FF28BBC1FDA1FDFF" box="[151,606,500,527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="727336C7FFFA6F72FF28BBC1FDA1FDFF" blockId="1.[151,606,500,527]" box="[151,606,500,527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<heading id="293B81ABFFFA6F72FF28BBC1FDA1FDFF" bold="true" box="[151,606,500,527]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" reason="1">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF28BBC1FDA1FDFF" bold="true" box="[151,606,500,527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FF51BBC0FE1CFDFF" ID-CoL="8NHBD" authority="Chen" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2018" box="[238,483,500,527]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Pinguisoperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF51BBC0FE67FDFE" bold="true" box="[238,408,500,526]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Pinguisoperla</emphasis>
Chen
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5B8B57AEFFFA6F72FE4FBBC1FDA1FDFF" box="[496,606,501,527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AD6654CFFFA6F72FF28B808FC70FDA2" box="[151,911,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="727336C7FFFA6F72FF28B808FC70FDA2" blockId="1.[151,911,572,594]" box="[151,911,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF28B808FEDDFDA2" bold="true" box="[151,290,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Type species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FE96B808FDACFDA1" authority="Chen, 2018" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2018" box="[297,595,572,593]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Pinguisoperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yangzhouensis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FE96B808FDACFDA1" box="[297,595,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Pinguisoperla yangzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FDE6B808FD09FDA2" bold="true" box="[601,758,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5B8B57AEFFFA6F72FDE6B808FD09FDA2" box="[601,758,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AD6654CFFFA6F72FF28B84AFE5FFC46" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="727336C7FFFA6F72FF28B84AFE5FFC46" blockId="1.[151,1437,638,1635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF28B84AFEEEFD67" bold="true" box="[151,273,638,663]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new genus is assigned to the family
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FD5AB84AFCBEFD67" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[741,833,638,663]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Perlidae</taxonomicName>
by exhibiting typical family characters of the slender palpi, presence of tarsal euplantulae, short first tarsal segment, and the crossveins in basal half of forewings costal field. The new taxon can be separated from other extant and extinct genera of
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FB8BB8F2FB6FFD2F" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1076,1168,710,735]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Perlidae</taxonomicName>
by the combination of following characters: 1) body mostly dark; 2) head sub-quadrate, apical palpal segment slightly reduced; 3) pronotum trapezoidal with acute corners; tibia ventrally with two subapical spurs, apical tarsal segment with long apical bristles; 4) sternum 9 darkly sclerotized and distinctly extended backwards; paraprocts less developed; abdominal tip triangular; 5) first cercal segment strongly sclerotized, enlarged and elongated, curved outward and backward; subsequent cercal segments still thick but gradually tapering to apex; each cercal segment subapically fringed with long setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AD6654CFFFA6F72FF78B9F6FEF0FC0E" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="727336C7FFFA6F72FF78B9F6FEF0FC0E" blockId="1.[151,1437,638,1635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF78B9F6FEB1FC2B" bold="true" box="[199,334,962,987]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Etymology.</emphasis>
The genus name contains the Latin
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FD5AB9F7FCC5FC2A" box="[741,826,963,986]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Pinguis</emphasis>
, which refers to the enlarged, plump basal segment of the cercus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AD6654CFFFA6F72FF78BE3EFCCEF993" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="727336C7FFFA6F72FF78BE3EFBE4FB43" blockId="1.[151,1437,638,1635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF78BE3EFEC4FBD3" bold="true" box="[199,315,1034,1059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Remarks.</emphasis>
In the family
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FE5FBE3EFDC0FBD3" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[480,575,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Perlidae</taxonomicName>
, only males of the genus
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FCD9BE3FFB89FBD3" authority="Kohno, 1946" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[870,1142,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FCD9BE3FFC25FBD3" box="[870,986,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="165D4B36FFFA6F72FC5DBE3EFB89FBD3" box="[994,1142,1034,1059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" refId="ref1818" refString="Kohno, M. (1946) Notes on two new genera of Plecoptera from Japan. Collecting and Breeding, 8, 58 - 65." type="journal article">Kohno, 1946</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FB38BE3EFB16FBD3" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1159,1257,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Perlidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FB4ABE3EFA67FBD3" box="[1269,1432,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acroneuriinae">Acroneuriinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FF28BE1AFF01FBB7" authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,254,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Kiotinini">Kiotinini</taxonomicName>
) have modified long basal cercal segment (
<bibRefCitation id="165D4B36FFFA6F72FD52BE1AFC81FBB7" box="[749,894,1070,1095]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" refId="ref1818" refString="Kohno, M. (1946) Notes on two new genera of Plecoptera from Japan. Collecting and Breeding, 8, 58 - 65." type="journal article">Kohno 1946</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="165D4B36FFFA6F72FC35BE1AFB90FBB7" box="[906,1135,1070,1095]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" refId="ref2081" refString="Sivec, I. &amp; Stark, B. P. (2010) Caroperla longiseta (Plecoptera: Perlidae), a new stonefly species from Thailand. Illiesia, 6 (7), 58 - 61." type="journal article">Sivec &amp; Stark 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FB3DBE1AFB09FBB6" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[1154,1270,1070,1094]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FB3DBE1AFB09FBB6" box="[1154,1270,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes three species and is only known from southeastern
<collectingCountry id="0ADB7657FFFA6F72FD26BE66FD20FB9B" box="[665,735,1106,1131]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0ADB7657FFFA6F72FD54BE67FCD1FB9A" box="[747,814,1107,1130]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="0ADB7657FFFA6F72FCD5BE66FC31FB9B" box="[874,974,1106,1131]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="165D4B36FFFA6F72FC62BE66FB46FB9B" box="[989,1209,1106,1131]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" refId="ref1770" refString="DeWalt, R. E., Maehr, M. D., Neu-Becker, U. &amp; Stueber, G. (2018) Plecoptera Species File Online. Available from: http: // Plecoptera. SpeciesFile. org (accessed 29 Mar 2018)" type="journal article">
DeWalt
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FB84BE67FB93FB9B" box="[1083,1132,1107,1131]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). The elongated and modified basal cercal segment, conspicuous abdominal hair brushes, recurved epiproct, and the reduced terminal palpal segment (
<bibRefCitation id="165D4B36FFFA6F72FEF1BEAEFDD1FB43" box="[334,558,1178,1203]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" refId="ref2081" refString="Sivec, I. &amp; Stark, B. P. (2010) Caroperla longiseta (Plecoptera: Perlidae), a new stonefly species from Thailand. Illiesia, 6 (7), 58 - 61." type="journal article">Sivec &amp; Stark 2010</bibRefCitation>
) characterize the males of this perlid genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="727336C7FFFA6F72FF78BE8AFB90FA22" blockId="1.[151,1437,638,1635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
Based on the distinctly enlarged basal cercal segment, the new genus can be distinguished from all genera of
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FF28BED6FF0CFB0B" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[151,243,1250,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Perlidae</taxonomicName>
except for
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FE34BED7FE00FB0B" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[395,511,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FE34BED7FE00FB0B" box="[395,511,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the new genus differs from
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FC4EBED7FB9AFB0B" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[1009,1125,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FC4EBED7FB9AFB0B" box="[1009,1125,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in several morphological characters: 1) although body size is similar, body color is dark in the new genus but generally pale brown to brown in
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FF0BBF1FFED7FAB3" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[180,296,1323,1347]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF0BBF1FFED7FAB3" box="[180,296,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 2) basal cercal segment is unmodified and curved in the new genus, but modified and not curved in
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FF28BF7AFEF4FA96" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[151,267,1358,1382]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FF28BF7AFEF4FA96" box="[151,267,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 3) more than one cercal segments are enlarged in the new genus, but in
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FBF8BF7AFB44FA96" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[1095,1211,1358,1382]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FBF8BF7AFB44FA96" box="[1095,1211,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, only the first basal cercal segment is enlarged; 4) sternum 9 of the new genus is darkly sclerotized and distinctly extended backwards, but which is unmodified in
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FE74BFA2FDC0FA5E" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[459,575,1430,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FE74BFA2FDC0FA5E" box="[459,575,1430,1454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 5) paraprocts of the new genus is less developed, not distinctly elongated or recurved; 6) abdominal apex is triangular in the new genus but is rounded in
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FC4BBF8FFB97FA23" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[1012,1128,1467,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FC4BBF8FFB97FA23" box="[1012,1128,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="727336C7FFFA6F72FF78BFEBFCCEF993" blockId="1.[151,1437,638,1635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
In view of the similarity with
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FD9DBFEAFD69FA06" authorityName="Kohno" authorityYear="1946" box="[546,662,1502,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Caroperla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40B8EAD5FFFA6F72FD9DBFEAFD69FA06" box="[546,662,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Caroperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the new genus may be a stem group of the tribe
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FB69BFEAFF30F9EB" authority="Uchida, 1990" authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Kiotinini">Kiotinini Uchida, 1990</taxonomicName>
from subfamily
<taxonomicName id="B5CC4D44FFFA6F72FE29BC36FD0BF9EB" authority="Klapalek, 1914" authorityName="Klapalek" authorityYear="1914" box="[406,756,1538,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acroneuriinae">Acroneuriinae Klapálek, 1914</taxonomicName>
. However, the tribe and subfamily assignment of the new genus is currently uncertain. Better preserved amber with clear abdominal sternal structures, paraprocts and epiprocts are expected to fulfill the accurate identifications.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>