376 lines
49 KiB
XML
376 lines
49 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="152C14D4144A235363BFF1997DC5D1E6">A new species of the paper wasp genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Europe revealed by morphometrics and molecular analyses</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="26C9210F541DDE5D50EF6E80C5743182">Neumeyer, Rainer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2B1F94493FAFD15D59B88D9711CF3A84">Baur, Hannes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5666F9FDF2436AD7CA92BA13A952471C">Guex, Gaston-Denis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CFED82729F1D0E763735029601777818">Praz, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="FBE1F0CC1CF81B66B13677D0078BBC7B">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="6E07AB10504037606BCFF42AE069607B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="286BE6C797533725419F92F0FBDE6160" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.400.6611</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FA55F952D16B8469528BEBDFCE213C78" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127857274" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA55F952D16B8469528BEBDFCE213C78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA55F952D16B8469528BEBDFCE213C78" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" scope_family="Vespidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="0D58CF2644E7EBB588EDD13B55DD5008" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A6BF373BB1EF5C635A7B7EF3784D98FB" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="F93B50E35373D66F9EF4483CE13992F2" ID-CoL="4KYC4" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Polistes_gallicus" authority="Linnaeus, 1767" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">
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<pageBreakToken id="A1AD7ED5CBF5F654C7BD30605AA41057" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" start="start">Polistes</pageBreakToken>
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gallicus (Linnaeus, 1767)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="733C9AF32A9D20CD2752A0224635C8AD" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0C5BAC13F0868CAA659BC58F36CA2890" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="CCC46B7F5EE1D142FA6E2CD4F90F0A7A" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa gallica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallica">Vespa gallica</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1767: 949 - Holotype male (LSL), type locality "Europa australi" [South of Europe] (not examined)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B40E2760714F2E3C1652CA59B98EB661" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="C1D53AC0A98D2E04677EA0EBDC45EDBD" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foederatus">Polistes foederatus</taxonomicName>
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Kohl, 1898: 90 - Lectotype male (NHMW), designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="D11877E226006AE9C9E7B05B398CEF86" author="Bluethgen, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte, neue Folge" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="94 - 129" title="Die europaeischen Polistinen." volume="12" year="1943">
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<normalizedToken id="BFA49DF0CB076A65270FA820C739B650" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
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(1943
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 129), type locality
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<normalizedToken id="7C005763CBDD4B8475B24328C4FEFB4B" originalValue="Göygöl">Goeygoel</normalizedToken>
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["Transkauk., Helenendorf"], Azerbaijan (examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A431A70B6370540608A1276A374BBCA" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="50EDDE79526237A4CCE48350B890A3D4" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus subsp. mongolicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="gallicus" subSpecies="mongolicus">Polistes gallicus mongolicus</taxonomicName>
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Buysson, 1911: 218 - Syntypes males females (MNHN, ZIN), type locality road from Kuqa [
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<normalizedToken id="80ADCE92F3B96618489B73436E5D0F45" originalValue="“Koutchar”">"Koutchar"</normalizedToken>
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] to Karashahr [
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<normalizedToken id="D641B3D330F71EE501692191A0441A0A" originalValue="“Karachar”">"Karachar"</normalizedToken>
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], China (Xinjiang autonomous region) (syntype male in MHNG examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1251194A9AB6B64A79A2D1E4493E73E6" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="9972F11343D2C6632D80F604D45AC38D" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus subsp. obscuricornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="foederatus" subSpecies="obscuricornis">Polistes foederatus obscuricornis</taxonomicName>
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Mader, 1936: 263 - Syntypes females (NHMW), type locality (island of) Krk, Croatia (2 syntypes examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2DF91067950A3A9A5B65C8A2E06F3980" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="02C672895DAEC19DE4A89B6B364ED01A" genus="Polistula" lsidName="Polistula omissa" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="omissa">Polistula omissa</taxonomicName>
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Weyrauch, 1938: 277 - Lectotype male (lost; see
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<bibRefCitation id="F9342597064533C5428F2CB442296767" author="Arens, W" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitraege" pageId="38" pageNumber="105" pagination="443 - 481" title="Die sozialen Faltenwespen der Peloponnes, mit Beschreibung einer neuen Polistes-Art und einem regionalen Polistes-Bestimmungsschluessel." volume="43" year="2011">Arens 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 462), designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="FE0F1F7BA2B9CCC44C06B4BD201831C3" author="Weyrauch, W" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte (Neue Folge)" pageId="42" pageNumber="109" pagination="145 - 197" title="Zur Systematik der palaearktischen Polistinen auf biologischer Grundlage." volume="8" year="1939">Weyrauch 1939</bibRefCitation>
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: 161, type locality Marseille, France, mentioned in
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<bibRefCitation id="D54482BE2A787E770C80094B1911C80B" author="Weyrauch, W" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte (Neue Folge)" pageId="42" pageNumber="109" pagination="145 - 197" title="Zur Systematik der palaearktischen Polistinen auf biologischer Grundlage." volume="8" year="1939">Weyrauch (1939)</bibRefCitation>
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: 161.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6941F0253B8BC9BC6112148F955BF26A" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="F304C2290D9DCA6C50C61C66C97272B1" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. ordubadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="ordubadensis">Polistes omissus ordubadensis</taxonomicName>
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Zirngiebl, 1955: 381 - Holotype female (ZSM), type locality Ordubad, Azerbaijan (examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8FEA4F3C79FA6358551696ECA25B5D47" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="1A288FEB3D7EB76B07A98963B66FCDAF" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. kaszabi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="kaszabi">Polistes omissus kaszabi</taxonomicName>
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Giordani Soika, 1970: 327-328 - Holotype female (HNHM), type locality "Duusch ul" near
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<normalizedToken id="7804460EF8F7DD97FC4970564C6CBA9C" originalValue="Züünkharaa">Zueuenkharaa</normalizedToken>
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[
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<normalizedToken id="64979E3A57C0710B25E47AABB2331871" originalValue="„Zuun-Chara“">"Zuun-Chara"</normalizedToken>
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], Mongolia (examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="58FDC5C9D97F5CD2EA39AE703FA1039F" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName id="DD920038B8A1F7413DB4E0A4642835AA" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus subsp. albellus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="foederatus" subSpecies="albellus">Polistes foederatus albellus</taxonomicName>
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Giordani Soika, 1976: 272 - Holotype female (HNHM, currently loaned elsewhere), type locality Bulgan aimag: Namnan ul mountains, 23 km NW of Somon Chutag, Mongolia (1 paratype female in MSNV examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="21989C007CA726471D8C866452ADA680" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="BC911ABC9A32F4B85440FC1EF6E3C9C7" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C4D2EF1CA779362E9E1239D54B9A857B" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">Relatively small and bright species with flagellum bright yellow to orange on upper side in both sexes; pedicel and extreme base of flagellomere 1 always black on upper side.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B1351AF802ED7F954EFA30FC8F3CDCEE" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">Females: Epicnemial carina distinct or reduced. Hypopygium black. Metacoxa frequently spotted yellow on upper side. Mesoscutum often with pair of yellow spots. Propodeum laterally with yellow spot on each side. Clypeus breadth: malar space 3.49-4.25; head breadth: malar space 8.23-10.08; malar space: lateral ocelli distance 0.87-1.2; metatibia length: malar space 8.26-11.88; terminal flagellomere length: malar space 0.84-1.07.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5083BC39B6DEA7D590C79FAEDFCB925A" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">Males: Gena in dorsal view immediately narrowing behind eye. Epicnemium and mesosternum yellow. Head breadth: head height 1.17-1.27; lower face: clypeus breadth 1.46-1.6; terminal flagellomere length: lateral ocelli distance 1.09-1.55; terminal flagellomere length: malar space 1.28-2.21; terminal flagellomere length: terminal flagellomer breadth 1.84-3.2.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AB91E598BF06FD8DAE72563103488C00" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" type="comments">
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<paragraph id="E70F602D15129EDB21AF2BD4619509E2" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7A0C32D42918A04457A4201A74C4F910" pageId="22" pageNumber="89">
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The holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="4E2E0C64AB07EFA661E0654034E6F185" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa gallica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallica">Vespa gallica</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1767 (LINN 2790), presently held at the Linnean Society of London, is not available for loan. We have, however, examined pictures (http://linnean-online.org/16757/). They clearly show the bright flagellum all around, excluding identity with
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<taxonomicName id="9EA3EDC0CA072044087F5112443DAB9F" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A careful examination of this specimen would be needed to confirm the identify of
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<taxonomicName id="AABAB0B64ED18CE2F2867117E0F3FA21" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="913B48B135F47CF9D9703F0FE13995D5" pageId="23" pageNumber="90">
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<pageBreakToken id="E973DA46AF1439F9FCF332C53EE047B8" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" start="start">Except</pageBreakToken>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="EEE7068EA61E41A84BF12E39F7643EBD" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa gallica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallica">Vespa gallica</taxonomicName>
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and for the lost lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="54CF07593B68028BF7A78118456B9E29" genus="Polistula" lsidName="Polistula omissa" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="omissa">Polistula omissa</taxonomicName>
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Weyrauch, 1938 we have examined and measured type specimens of all taxa listed as synonymous with
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<taxonomicName id="1631792FCFD0CF6C660B008978B7917A" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
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. Since each of them appears to be clearly distinct from
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<taxonomicName id="D7C1F02F89C6F6EBB85AF057F19272ED" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes bischoffi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bischoffi">Polistes bischoffi</taxonomicName>
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in our morphometric analyses (Fig. 3), we only compare them with
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<taxonomicName id="B067B4B5784D2C2E5AE5BA5F04A3D188" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. in the following section.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D8344E0B8F2AD995305B160CC4363CE" pageId="23" pageNumber="90">
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<normalizedToken id="D97C715A2EC7AD9B808A618FF1490644" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
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(1941: 245) and
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<bibRefCitation id="A7E177E545B5D6A1404E5C1B2C3C33F0" author="Guiglia, D" journalOrPublisher="Faune de l'Europe et du basin mediterraneen" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" title="Les guepes sociales d'Europe occidentale et septentrionale." volume="6" year="1972">Guiglia (1972</bibRefCitation>
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: 49) claim that the upper side of the flagellum of
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<taxonomicName id="3E6160364FE509B745EF05C18D0392A4" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foederatus">Polistes foederatus</taxonomicName>
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Kohl, 1898 is "slightly blackened [leicht
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<normalizedToken id="716249E69C4F9BDA4988DE53CEF14216" originalValue="geschwärzt]”">geschwaerzt]"</normalizedToken>
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or "darkened [assombrie]", respectively, even in the male sex, unlike the flagellum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0B5149814CF41F3B514690BD13629D85" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissus">Polistes omissus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Weyrauch, 1938). However, the flagellum of the male lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9826F821A37C68C72B1C8CE5998660C" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foederatus">Polistes foederatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Azerbaijan is bright yellow all around, as noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E074AA4DCA7862C3D87B177EEEB061D" author="Bluethgen, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte, neue Folge" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="94 - 129" title="Die europaeischen Polistinen." volume="12" year="1943">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0742E8D1686428A18CCF9AC37744FAFC" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1943
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 129), thus excluding any confusion with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB28F7D818847F464498DC122B32F24" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Furthermore, the clypeus of this lectotype has not even a trace of a longitudinal furrow, although this trait has also been regarded as diagnostic for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D53D3E19050C9E5E060F9E4FDFCE00CC" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foederatus">Polistes foederatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AD29BA400C5C5C2844B5B8E5383C20C0" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
|
||
1941: 245). Currently, both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="932D5E1CE3EB2FE3621BD2CE9D993444" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foederatus">Polistes foederatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="026444B65CE7F56BE6ADEBB1AB4BE91D" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissus">Polistes omissus</taxonomicName>
|
||
are synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="306A816E674F38D7D002C9445AD0A0B8" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A6ACEBA836C8097CC89E511D016354B" author="Day, MC" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="45 - 84" title="The species of Hymenoptera described by Linnaeus in the genera Sphex, Chrysis, Vespa, Apis and Mutilla." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.1979.tb00049.x" volume="12" year="1979">Day 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 63;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3E1A374C9EBD5595B5332A079C7D97A" author="Gusenleitner, J" journalOrPublisher="Nachrichtenblatt der Bayerischen Entomologen" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="105 - 110" title="Bemerkenswertes ueber Faltenwespen VIII." volume="34" year="1985">Gusenleitner 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 105). This view is supported by our morphometric analysis (Fig. 3b, d [J]) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A04421FDF2F0ECBD9ACE47F78826D80" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foederatus">Polistes foederatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="88D862FDAFA5147274EFD2AA797FB6EF" pageId="23" pageNumber="90">
|
||
The lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6FCD5FD1A043F90758D7F42C9AB4807" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus subsp. mongolicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="gallicus" subSpecies="mongolicus">Polistes gallicus mongolicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Buysson, 1911 has its epicnemium and mesosternum largely black as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FD2DB97DEC804B279847F693A638239B" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes hellenicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hellenicus">Polistes hellenicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is otherwise a large, very light colored male with an extremely broad head. Its flagellum is bright all around, excluding any synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CE7722DCD9F47F066A9B07760F9E6A8D" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. The terminal flagellomere is in fact "very short" [
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7B4559290BD5F8B1E4948946ADCAEF4A" originalValue="très">tres</normalizedToken>
|
||
court], as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C62055E84C0202F4DF689105A4179FDF" author="Buysson, MR du" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="217 - 219" title="Mission Pelliot-Vaillant dans l'Asie centrale; collections recueillis par M. le Dr. Vaillant, Hymenopteres." volume="76" year="1911">Buysson (1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 218) states. Morphologically it appears doubtful that the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E041E814372086E290C4E2A046855057" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes mongolicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mongolicus">Polistes mongolicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B21B6C8E55A0AD4364056B4896D42AB5" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(C. van Achterberg, pers. comm.). This view is also supported by our morphometric analyses (Fig. 3b, d [K]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="871686236EAAE4648502354E80CFD57F" pageId="23" pageNumber="90">
|
||
We have seen two syntypes (RN0444, RN0445) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="077E7BF48E289BE9ED82EB5666620F64" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus subsp. obscuricornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="foederatus" subSpecies="obscuricornis">Polistes foederatus obscuricornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mader, 1936. In contrast to the statement of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3DEDAE0952A60354EDE463ACAA5CE72A" author="Mader, L" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Zeitschrift (Frankfurt a. M.)" pageId="40" pageNumber="107" pagination="261 - 263" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hymenopteren, I." volume="50" year="1936">Mader (1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 263) the flagella of these two females are not "entirely black [ganz schwarz]" dorsally, but only grey. Only the scape, the pedicel, and the very base of the first flagellomere are entirely black dorsally. Both of these otherwise light colored individuals have a pronounced epicnemial carina, excluding confusion with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="106A86ACB62ABEA06BFBEEF3A098183E" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Although this taxon belongs without any doubt to the gallicus-group, our morphometric analyses (Fig. 3a, c [D]) do not entirely support their synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8240C5A2F6FD3DF9CD18E72128A6D8C7" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="538642318564A57DC0513BCF77DDA65C" pageId="23" pageNumber="90">
|
||
The female holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D35A81001B5972175DF5F8E7D7ECDE44" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. ordubadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="ordubadensis">Polistes omissus ordubadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zirngiebl, 1955 is colored very light with the clypeus unspotted, the flagellum colored light dorsally, the hypopygium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F9D1BAC2632A486E513404985ED22E51" author="Bluethgen, P" journalOrPublisher="Nachrichtenblatt der Bayerischen Entomologen" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="81 - 86" title="Ueber einige Polistes-Arten der Zoolog. Staatssammlung in Muenchen." volume="5" year="1956">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A04B3A61666019E4D8FEF753374446BB" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
|
||
1956
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 85) and even the malar space largely yellow, and the epicnemial carina distinct, all of them excluding confusion with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9C30C3D2139AE6010491A8E55A2B4B" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. This view is also supported by morphometry (Fig. 3a, c [E]). In our opinion this taxon (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E163EC399BD013B5ED2B0317C0FA99ED" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. ordubadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="ordubadensis">Polistes omissus ordubadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
) may not even belong to the gallicus-group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18CB4576E417F00DB48C3E140635377C" pageId="23" pageNumber="90">
|
||
The holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DD3ECFE69315B95C799EA74B58650EEE" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. kaszabi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="kaszabi">Polistes omissus kaszabi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Giordani Soika, 1970 is a large, dark female with both malar space and mandibles entirely black. The epicnemial carina is distinct, excluding confusion with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="045987E771D2099B9A1A487F8C03A7A5" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Flagellum, clypeus and hypopygium are colored and patterned as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A2165F6C738F47B5EEE2DB82A05B9AC1" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Polistes biglumis</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64AB868151198903090EB777D5B95C00" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes nimpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nimpha">Polistes nimpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In fact, a synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0180C97DB0E04D32142DD73E5064339" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not supported by our morphometric analyses (Fig. 3a, c [F]) and this taxon (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E6BB7A9A817C713AE21A1639DDF2367" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. kaszabi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="kaszabi">Polistes omissus kaszabi</taxonomicName>
|
||
) may not even belong to the gallicus-group (C. van Achterberg, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="09B92E3704108F01D708AC577019FC48" pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="84CAD112453206F337F15516A5BF9393" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="477BE1FCEC22C23DAB8B8C07527E02BD" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus subsp. albellus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="foederatus" subSpecies="albellus">Polistes foederatus albellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Giordani Soika, 1976 is currently on loan and could not be examined, but we have examined the only paratype (RN0326, MSNV-04702) mentioned in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D3D0D41E33FBAE19108CD7713D8C8655" author="Giordani Soika, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="271 - 276" title="Vespidi ed Eumenidi raccolti in Mongolia dal Dr. S. Kaszab." volume="22" year="1976">Giordani Soika (1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 272). It is an extremely dark female with the flagellum dorsally black and the epicnemial carina unilaterally reduced. It is morphologically and even morphometrically (Fig. 3a, c [G]) similar to a very dark
|
||
<taxonomicName id="18BCE34EF74FE2B53F311D0F4AFD1BF8" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., except that the bright spots and stripes are not only reduced, but also of ivory-white rather than of yellow color. These striking characters make it unlikely that this taxon (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97A04F320F130147A3F735F7298FBBCF" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes albellus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albellus">Polistes albellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) belongs to a species reaching Europe (C. van Achterberg, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="217BD72890888C3E348289D049E93AAA" pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
|
||
These observations indicate that the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80CA54138F15E683B3BD2E69644E21AC" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be carefully revised; our analysis of the mitochondrial marker further indicates that two specimens (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5278CEF4710E6CF7A2D489411C6088A" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Polistes</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. aff. gallicus; RN0126, RN0129) from Greece, both identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="258EA341D6842C133774AB613DB73F5F" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E64B453E8E49FFA6211F2A974F6D514" author="Arens, W" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitraege" pageId="38" pageNumber="105" pagination="443 - 481" title="Die sozialen Faltenwespen der Peloponnes, mit Beschreibung einer neuen Polistes-Art und einem regionalen Polistes-Bestimmungsschluessel." volume="43" year="2011">Arens (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, may represent another species. The upper side of the flagellum in both of these individuals is slightly darkened. This trait, as well as others (e.g. a broad malar space), suggest that this taxon (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30278C4FFAB4D4754A4995EB574B475A" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Polistes</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. aff. gallicus) may be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D888211A262967054BB07FB064693E" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus subsp. obscuricornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="foederatus" subSpecies="obscuricornis">Polistes foederatus obscuricornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. More data are required to resolve this problem.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7A19033C49AEE75AA5897C1EFD464D47" pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
|
||
In addition, our morphometric analysis reveals considerable intraspecific heterogeneity within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09F7EE23E985BC50753FBABD63294035" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallicus">Polistes gallicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specimens from continental Europe (Croatia, Portugal, Switzerland) were quite different from those from Sardinia. Both taxa overlapped but exhibited considerable differences. However, our molecular analyses did not indicate any difference between continental and Sardinian specimens. Therefore, we must also consider some unknown external factors such as temperature or humidity to be at least partially responsible for the observed morphometric variation. Such factors have previously been implicated in color pattern variation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="94776AD1CD2347A028308CB95CCC2145" author="Zimmermann, K" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Morphologie und Oekologie der Tiere" pageId="42" pageNumber="109" pagination="173 - 231" title="Studien ueber individuelle und geographische Variabilitaet palaearktischer Polistes und verwandter Vespiden." url="10.1007/BF00417968" volume="22" year="1931">Zimmermann 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="31C78BF5E1ABA1F5399D705DA33BA518" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="material examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="3D2F93F88A500E4CEB6967B9170F5020" pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="94AF50E317A4411D9B7381C8AF1635AD" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
|
||
1 ♂ (Lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41547214FEE9EA83642343F6B17DC889" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foederatus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="1D40F4C3B649708B3D30B0ECBC644A22" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" start="start">Polistes</pageBreakToken>
|
||
foederatus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
): Azerbaijan, Goygol District,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="038DB14716D90D1E662C556E784DFFFB" originalValue="Göygöl">Goeygoel</normalizedToken>
|
||
["Transkauk., Helenendorf"], 1886, Franz Friedrich Kohl det., NHMW coll.; 1 ♀ (Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6704615B0706861194E9BC62E8A555" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. ordubadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="ordubadensis">Polistes omissus ordubadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
: ZSM-HYM-000005): Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Ordubad, 1913, Kulzer leg., ZSM coll.; 1 ♂ (Lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CFEEBCB86A78E7C7FB4A65963A7C1C1" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes gallicus subsp. mongolicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="gallicus" subSpecies="mongolicus">Polistes gallicus mongolicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
; EY8898): China, Xinjiang, road from Kuqa [
|
||
<normalizedToken id="434766FA2747D47FBFE3F3216D2F6061" originalValue="“Koutchar”">"Koutchar"</normalizedToken>
|
||
] to Karashahr [
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A2EB3FA95ADAF66138ABBA9A362753FE" originalValue="“Karachar”">"Karachar"</normalizedToken>
|
||
] in Kashgar prefecture [
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F73EBDC9B2D91D2506E6C3475E8412C1" originalValue="“Kachgarie”">"Kachgarie"</normalizedToken>
|
||
], 1909, L. Vaillant leg., MNHN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0099): Croatia, Istria, Rovinj, Cesta za Mondelaco,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DAFB93329712D0809038F08117C59C8C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="45.09933">45°05'57.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FE7D4173F2E8ECE4BB91BC85A8BC3578" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.643556">13°38'36.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 15 m, 24 Jul 2012, fallow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., CSE coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0100): 28 Jul 2012, fallow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., CSE coll.; 3 ♀ (RN0194, RN0195, RN0196): Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0009): Rovinj, Farma Haber,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B687F9123378C057FF476CAD7610BE95" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="45.111332">45°06'40.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2B97E3E0BCA4639E28D4DFAE888EEFE7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.672501">13°40'21.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 30 m, 22 Jul 2011, farm, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0197): Vodnjan, street D21,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="28F8D26D752A7549E0A92FD3BDD56C68" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="44.96611">44°57'58.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7B63254ED0B6E7F282089907654C4FAD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.846499">13°50'47.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 133 m, 24 Jul 2012, fallow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 2 ♀ (Syntypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C88A3C39155FA4041BE8990EA1598A99" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus subsp. obscuricornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="foederatus" subSpecies="obscuricornis">Polistes foederatus obscuricornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
; RN0444, RN0445): Krk, ≤ 1936, NHMW coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0343): Italy, Sardinia, Cabras, Stagno di Cabras,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6F51BF25C0E81285D50A2E2C2E77AC20" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="39.95211">39°57'07.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C3FADC8E324CAFA69FE2DACFADD146C6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.521444">08°31'17.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 5 m, 31 Aug 2013, paddy, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0347): Strada Provinciale 1,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A810EED2FA4AB923444A6E25FD121DA7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="39.920586">39°55'14.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="952CD6745B034C82DE2DAC663BE885BB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.5215">08°31'17.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 6 m, 01 Sep 2013, reed, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0344): Macomer, Via Alagon,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1EEE1A98822C059D9881A377F62AED74" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="40.263863">40°15'49.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0ACFFA2EA7D17C532D52BFE7B47790DC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.781805">08°46'54.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 553 m, 01 Sep 2013, rock face, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0345) + 1 ♂ (RN0348): Scano di Montiferro, Street SP78,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="45AF7406B216D24EC60A5F423C51AC41" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="40.222195">40°13'19.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8C09A2A182EA7DDEB0E2DCBD44A6FA7C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.608306">08°36'29.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 442 m, 01 Sep 2013, quarry, Rainer Neumeyer leg., NHM coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0346): Tadasuni, Street to San Serafino,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D9EB08ED54A8BEE7A08F5529A3D18BC6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="40.094833">40°05'41.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F796ACC1CAB36ADF6B219F463C0D4228" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.879028">08°52'44.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 138 m, 30 Aug 2013, edge community, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (Paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C64E041AF0A332C06D3E4840566EFE56" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes foederatus subsp. albellus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="foederatus" subSpecies="albellus">Polistes foederatus albellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
; RN0326, MSNV-04702): Mongolia, Bulgan aimag, Namnan ul mountains, 1150 m, 21 Jul 1968,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="88700D392C76CF6C606A2DE14B232AC5" originalValue="Zoltán">Zoltan</normalizedToken>
|
||
Kaszab leg., Antonio Giordani Soika det., MSNV coll.; 1 ♀ (Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1B53CBAEADD2BAD9EC0D20086A57C28" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes omissus subsp. kaszabi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omissus" subSpecies="kaszabi">Polistes omissus kaszabi</taxonomicName>
|
||
; HNHM-283): Selenge aimag, "Duusch ul" near
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4B1851F1784C8EC24C2A9AD7B3010510" originalValue="Züünkharaa">Zueuenkharaa</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7F6BC7EB799B01508EA7B96714AF5133" originalValue="„Zuun-Chara“">"Zuun-Chara"</normalizedToken>
|
||
], 1100 m, 08 Jul 1964,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="832125DD2BEDCCE4699DF26F82CB91D2" originalValue="Zoltán">Zoltan</normalizedToken>
|
||
Kaszab leg., HNHM coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0108): Portugal, Algarve, Vila do Bispo, western shore,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B7D81C3B9B01FCEA7D1335672B5A8074" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="37.115887">37°06'57.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BD16BAEBF5A116FF75930D6603DCD8E1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-8.927">08°55'37.2"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 11 m, 04 Apr 2012, dune, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0395) + 1 ♂ (RN0396): Slovakia, Nitra Region,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D465CB1BFCBDA3DA092146FE894FE44B" originalValue="Štúrovo">Sturovo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 16 Sep 1947, Augustin Hoffer leg., LD coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0172): SWITZERLAND, CANTON Geneva,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D789C5A87BDD0378ED34FBD0DDC42EDA" originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
|
||
,<1900, anon. leg., MHNG coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0208): CANTON Grisons, Roveredo, 18 Aug 1924, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 3 ♂ (RN0205, RN0206, RN0207): 17 Aug 1949, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0118): San Vittore, Ai Tecc,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DA11F3D30F2BE128A0FA9BEF11A7C82D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.23623">46°14'10.42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="63552D40732DF3D1467E8022F304CA5B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.088939">09°05'20.18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 262 m, 30 Jul 2012, industrial fallow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0166): Savognin, Jul 1907, anon. leg., BNM coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0165): Val
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FA1AD70E7D3FC2F9208AF970D65C3591" originalValue="Müstair">Muestair</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Sta. Maria, 20 Jul 1951, Jacques de Beaumont leg., BNM coll.; 10 ♂ (RN0173, RN0209, RN0210, RN0211, RN0212, RN0213, RN0214, RN0215, RN0216, RN0217): CANTON Ticino, Locarno, 05 Jul 1907, anon. leg., ETHZ coll.; 3 ♀ (RN0110, RN0111, RN0112):
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FAA08F0176AAC1B5F689A8A4278E1CE5" originalValue="Sant’">Sant'</normalizedToken>
|
||
Antonino, Via Gorelle/Canvera,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="06649B6B0385BA34FE129481082A5601" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.15548">46°09'19.72"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB944EFEC9B779CB837D623C7F658B30" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.971847">08°58'18.65"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 215 m, 30 Jul 2012, industrial fallow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 4 ♀ (RN0103, RN0106, RN0107, RN0109): 08 Aug 2012, industrial fallow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 2 ♀ (RN0041, RN0042): CANTON VALAIS, Leuk, Satellitenbodenstation,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A79B1C61FF2E6BE3BBA333C802B8A2E6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.318516">46°19'06.66"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="01D838DDF176963EE10543CE4BF16C1F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="7.643489">07°38'36.56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 919 m, 22 Aug 2011, tall herbaceous vegetation, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 2 ♀ (RN0104, RN0113): 07 Aug 2012, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ + 2 ♂ (RN0115, RN0116, RN0117): CANTON Vaud, Villars-sous-Yens, Arborex,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5445AA99A76B4FC40C71C57024306371" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.503063">46°30'11.03"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2A2CE8646C5A9E548EEEC2DE93DF3243" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="6.4200306">06°25'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 510 m, 25 Aug 2010, Christian Monnerat leg., MHNN coll.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |