150 lines
19 KiB
XML
150 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="8A1D603601D2427EBA4CC7DADA593524" ID-CLB-Dataset="24911" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538362" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573511149647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2011" docId="FA4887FA2495BDCBFF37DD6B1EA2A3FE" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.17.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geonoma spinescens Wendland ex Burret 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="141" masterDocId="0671FF82241EBD47FFA0DE421B3FA301" masterDocTitle="A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="140" updateTime="1698765326825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="5EF7C26482B1EE9B23407A6F0E6852AC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="10A68425F6DF1589EC6EA7BFD0BFF2F5">
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<mods:title id="FBAB5CA8BB046003A552386E96C1E757">A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="ABDA9B52E29A5A069811CCBC19063ADB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8E63BB1EB36DE338653CA9568AB85E88">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4B14472606E5C48C734882B90BF56F6F">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3563694BFCB48A366AB13E84893741A7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="045CB5DB163152326BB1AEA528C72367">
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<mods:title id="F766F4AEAA1EA0829BFD4B7F6888E545">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F170C0A635EB68215757B4790161159E">
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<mods:date id="92200EB18620D2621792E7160CB18194">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1DDF05F145E629E0088C725DF0992632">2011-02-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="7F5CFBBC94204829F57BF3F9E89CE2A1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="83BEE6CF6A6590A31BC5DA4D9DC600E5">17</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="FAC0914DFF70A5E896226031B16EF867">271</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="FE2DF1EED49E34EA35D6AF912E86FB0A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="22D531EC3FDC8F08DC853C6B6B285434" type="CLB-Dataset">24911</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="86732D0DA9E08EDAFAED6D18BBC6815E" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="780F7E0F6162250BB0172AC78195B77A" type="GBIF-Dataset">65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3DF2A433C760EB2B95ADA211F6E873CB" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FA4887FA2495BDCBFF37DD6B1EA2A3FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5609164" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160342376" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5609164" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4887FA2495BDCBFF37DD6B1EA2A3FE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA2495BDCBFF37DD6B1EA2A3FE" lastPageId="140" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672495BDCCFF37DD6B1EB1A06B" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2495BDCCFF37DD6B1EB1A06B" blockId="139.[151,1436,808,951]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF37DD6B1B83A042" bold="true" box="[151,188,809,835]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">59.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2495BDCCFF62DD6A186EA042" ID-CoL="3FQQJ" authority="Wendland ex Burret (1930 a: 230)" authorityName="Wendland ex Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[194,849,808,835]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spinescens">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF62DD6A1A81A043" bold="true" box="[194,446,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Geonoma spinescens</emphasis>
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Wendland ex
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2495BDCCFDC5DD6B186EA042" author="Burret, M." box="[613,849,809,835]" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="123 - 270" part="63" refId="ref121027" refString="Burret, M. (1930 a) Geonomeae americanae. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 63: 123 - 270." title="Geonomeae americanae" type="journal article" year="1930">Burret (1930a: 230)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type:
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2495BDCCFC04DD6B1F68A042" box="[932,1111,809,835]" name="Venezuela" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
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. “Nueva Grenada”, no date,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF37DD131A0AA06B" box="[151,309,848,874]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">L. Schlim s.n.</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2495BDCCFEE5DD121A92A06B" box="[325,429,848,874]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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B, destroyed).
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2495BDCCFDC1DD1219E9A06B" box="[609,726,848,874]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2495BDCCFC30DD121F0AA06B" author="Stauffer, F." box="[912,1077,848,874]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Venezuelica" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 10" part="20" refId="ref124409" refString="Stauffer, F. (1997) Estudio morfologico y taxonomico de Geonoma spinescens H. Wendl. ex Burret (Arecaceae) y descripcion de una nueva variedad. Acta Botanica Venezuelica 20: 1 - 10." title="Estudio morfologico y taxonomico de Geonoma spinescens H. Wendl. ex Burret (Arecaceae) y descripcion de una nueva variedad" type="journal article" year="1997">Stauffer 1997</bibRefCitation>
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):
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2495BDCCFBE9DD121E31A06B" author="Dahlgren, B." box="[1097,1294,848,874]" journalOrPublisher="Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 412" refId="ref121771" refString="Dahlgren, B. (1959) Index of American Palms. Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 14: plates 1 - 412." title="Index of American Palms" type="book chapter" year="1959">Dahlgren (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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, plate 286.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672495BDCCFF37DD3418C8A431" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2495BDCCFF37DD3418F1A0B6" blockId="139.[151,1436,808,951]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="52F111C22495BDCCFF37DD3418F1A0B6" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2495BDCCFF37DD34195FA091" ID-CoL="3FQQZ" authority="Burret (1937 a: 478)" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,608,886,913]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuis">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF37DD341A61A090" box="[151,350,886,913]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Geonoma tenuis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="F34010FD2495BDCCFEC7DD34195FA091" author="Burret, M." box="[359,608,886,912]" page="478" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" year="1937">
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2495BDCCFEC7DD34195FA091" author="Burret, M." box="[359,608,886,912]" journalOrPublisher="Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" pagination="478 - 481" part="13" refId="ref121450" refString="Burret, M. (1937 a) Palmae neogeae XI. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 13: 478 - 481." title="Palmae neogeae XI" type="journal article" year="1937">Burret (1937a: 478)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type:
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2495BDCCFD1ADD34184DA091" box="[698,882,886,912]" name="Venezuela" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2495BDCCFCDEDD3418E2A091" box="[894,989,886,912]" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Aragua</collectingRegion>
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: Rancho Grande,
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<quantity id="B5199B092495BDCCFB18DD341E26A091" box="[1208,1305,886,912]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="065F102C2495BDCCFA85DD341BEBA0B6" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" value="1937-01-08">8 January 1937</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF40DDDC1AA0A0B6" box="[224,415,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">H. Pittier 13840</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2495BDCCFE0FDDDF1928A0B6" box="[431,535,925,951]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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B, destroyed, isotypes F!, VEN
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFC34DDDC1882A0B6" box="[916,957,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">n.v.</emphasis>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2495BDCCFF37DDA818C8A431" blockId="139.[151,1438,1002,2034]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF37DDA81BD7A705" box="[151,232,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Plants</emphasis>
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1.0 m tall; stems 0.5(0.3–0.75) m tall, in diameter no data, solitary; internodes length no data, yellowish and smooth.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFE15DA501935A72A" box="[437,522,1042,1067]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Leaves</emphasis>
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undivided, not plicate, bases of blades running diagonally into the rachis; sheaths 18.0 cm long; petioles 26.3(15.0–40.0) cm long, drying green or yellowish; rachis 37.3(33.5–40.5) cm long, 3.6(3.0–3.9) mm in diameter; veins not raised or slightly raised and triangular in cross-section adaxially; pinnae 1 per side of rachis; basal pinna length and width not applicable, forming an angle of 25(17–31)° with the rachis; apical pinna 22.4(18.5–25.8) cm long, width not applicable, forming an angle of 30(28–30)°.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF37DA911A7CA7EC" box="[151,323,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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branched 1–2 orders; prophylls and peduncular bracts not ribbed with elongate, unbranched fibers, flattened, deciduous or persistent; prophylls no data; peduncular bracts length no data, well-developed, inserted
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<quantity id="B5199B092495BDCCFEA3DB621A67A63B" box="[259,344,1312,1338]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="0.4">0.4 cm</quantity>
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above the prophyll; peduncles 28.5(27.5–29.5) cm long, 2.9(2.5–3.4) mm in diameter; rachillae 17(9–31), 11.6(9.5–14.4) cm long, 1.2(1.0–1.5) mm in diameter, the surfaces without spiky, fibrous projections or ridges, drying brown, with faint to pronounced, short, transverse ridges, not filiform and not narrowed between the flower pits; flower pits spirally arranged, glabrous internally; proximal lips without a central notch before anthesis, not recurved after anthesis, not hood-shaped; proximal and distal lips drying the same color as the rachillae, joined to form a raised cupule, the margins not overlapping; distal lips welldeveloped; staminate and pistillate petals not emergent, not valvate throughout; staminate flowers deciduous after anthesis; stamens 6; thecae diverging at anthesis, inserted almost directly onto the filament apices, the connectives bifid but scarcely developed; anthers short and curled over at anthesis; non-fertilized pistillate flowers deciduous after anthesis; staminodial tubes crenulate or shallowly lobed at the apex, those of nonfertilized pistillate flowers not projecting and persistent after anthesis;
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFC6CD8E11F35A5BC" box="[972,1034,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">fruits</emphasis>
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<quantity id="B5199B092495BDCCFBB0D8E11F55A5BC" box="[1040,1130,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="B5199B092495BDCCFB12D8E11E34A5BC" box="[1202,1291,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, the bases without a prominent stipe, the apices not conical, the surfaces not splitting at maturity, without fibers emerging, bumpy from the numerous, subepidermal, tangential, short fibers present, these coming to a point at fruit apices; locular epidermis without operculum, smooth, without pores.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672495BDCBFF66D97F1EA2A3FE" lastPageId="140" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2495BDCCFF66D97F1E4AA47F" blockId="139.[151,1438,1002,2034]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF66D97F1918A456" bold="true" box="[198,551,1853,1879]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
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From 10°20’–
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<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B2495BDCCFD70D97F1809A456" box="[720,822,1853,1879]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" precision="925" value="10.4">10°24’N</geoCoordinate>
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and 67°41’–
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<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B2495BDCCFC75D97F1F7DA456" box="[981,1090,1853,1879]" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" precision="925" value="-67.95">67°57’W</geoCoordinate>
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in the Coastal Cordillera in
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2495BDCCFF37D9261A30A47F" box="[151,271,1892,1918]" name="Venezuela" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2495BDCCFEBED9261A46A47F" box="[286,377,1892,1918]" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Aragua</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2495BDCCFE25D9261AC6A47F" box="[389,505,1892,1918]" country="Venezuela" name="Carabobo" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Carabobo</collectingRegion>
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) at 1075(800–1330) m elevation in lowland or montane rainforest (
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<figureCitation id="EADA2A692495BDCCFAAFD9261E58A47F" box="[1295,1383,1892,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="140.[151,255,1334,1357]" captionTargetBox="[172,1417,304,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@140.[151,1436,284,1326]" captionTargetPageId="140" captionText="FIGURE 38. Distribution maps of Geonoma spinescens, G. stricta subsp. stricta, G. stricta subsp. antioquiensis, and G. stricta subsp. arundinacea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3538439" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3538439/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2495BDCCFF66D9C91961A4F3" blockId="139.[151,1438,1002,2034]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF66D9C91AFFA4A4" bold="true" box="[198,448,1931,1957]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2495BDCCFE60D9C91987A4A4" authorityName="Wendland ex Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[448,696,1931,1957]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spinescens">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFE60D9C91987A4A4" box="[448,696,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Geonoma spinescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a member of a relatively large group of similar species, the
|
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2495BDCCFF37D9F31A3BA4CA" authorityName="Henderson, Borchsenius & Balslev" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,260,1969,1995]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF37D9F31A3BA4CA" box="[151,260,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">G. lanata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade. It differs from all of these, except
|
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2495BDCCFD5AD9F3184EA4CA" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[762,881,1969,1995]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gentryi">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFD5AD9F3184EA4CA" box="[762,881,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">G. gentryi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in its spirally arranged flower pits. See notes under
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2495BDCCFF41D99A1A6BA4F3" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[225,340,2008,2034]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gentryi">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2495BDCCFF41D99A1A6BA4F3" box="[225,340,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">G. gentryi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for further discussion.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2492BDCBFF66DEDA1EA2A3FE" blockId="140.[151,1437,152,255]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2492BDCBFF66DEDA1ACAA3B3" bold="true" box="[198,501,152,178]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Subspecific variation:—</emphasis>
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No trait varies within this species. According to
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2492BDCBFB9EDEDA1FCDA3B3" author="Stauffer, F." box="[1086,1266,152,178]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Venezuelica" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 10" part="20" refId="ref124409" refString="Stauffer, F. (1997) Estudio morfologico y taxonomico de Geonoma spinescens H. Wendl. ex Burret (Arecaceae) y descripcion de una nueva variedad. Acta Botanica Venezuelica 20: 1 - 10." title="Estudio morfologico y taxonomico de Geonoma spinescens H. Wendl. ex Burret (Arecaceae) y descripcion de una nueva variedad" type="journal article" year="1997">Stauffer (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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the leaves are rarely irregularly pinnate with multi-veined pinnae. This species is scored as having the flower pits spirally arranged, but some specimens, especially those from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2492BDCBFCA4DEA71846A3FE" box="[772,889,229,255]" country="Venezuela" name="Carabobo" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Carabobo</collectingRegion>
|
||
, have almost distichously arranged flower pits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |