133 lines
16 KiB
XML
133 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="DE0A7BF873380B55D2941BD20638555C" ID-CLB-Dataset="24911" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538362" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573511149647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2011" docId="FA4887FA248BBDD2FF37DEDA18EBA56E" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.17.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geonoma triandra Wessels Boer 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="150" masterDocId="0671FF82241EBD47FFA0DE421B3FA301" masterDocTitle="A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="150" updateTime="1698765326825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="83B9B2E03D26C6BBD1046FE24B99C773" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5FA9FBEA9881544B139BF7FB23404B7F">
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<mods:title id="5BDE0FD82FE929A12E85931605381D58">A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8F3AE8F758C742D2D2B84F6C8E117CB0" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="17DFCF3681148AC8C1C9F3CDF666AEA8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="71B3254DD5674C8200A82A66BB8CA3E9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7166E8628876A49B1CB045CAE7E7FF84">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2D0147C86AD39A63C59A80BF5CC8CEB4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="AFCD42023E70AA69B07D791B39ACD7A4">
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<mods:title id="4BE8B0C5C1BCE53AB934A25F7D8971E2">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8FD46B8622CA000F926AD0E96B527467">
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<mods:date id="B0635101D6DFE4F7ABF3A8772A79CCD1">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="800A2140342E489A8DCC49923EBEC98B" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="3B2D499A5814539625D7CD50625B0490">2011-02-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="6C0759486EA5B409524A997F32F343D9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6F4CD40BC34A56236B1F178EB27CDB5F">17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="6DD60A1627F0F2C7CD527679B02AB844" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="07DB04CA448235A4DEE23FF883218DE0">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D7E3A023B9280960B2F421FD3D274F4B">271</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="C59B0016AF6D0608B692D7940C65BA0E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F09BE4D674FA84B4BC38C24052F62F2A" type="CLB-Dataset">24911</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1EE2F6EBC393EE10A3D8CC1EB741F8BD" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D031E335E3577E046FF16866A88F178E" type="GBIF-Dataset">65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AAF50468F340F0AEBFE19EC03FDEAED5" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DC69EF210658A8A0D7CFA4A1E36DB66A" type="Zenodo-Dep">3538362</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FA4887FA248BBDD2FF37DEDA18EBA56E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5609190" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160342389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5609190" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4887FA248BBDD2FF37DEDA18EBA56E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA248BBDD2FF37DEDA18EBA56E" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<subSubSection id="3AFB6567248BBDD2FF37DEDA1F8BA227" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC248BBDD2FF37DEDA1F8BA227" blockId="149.[151,1437,150,294]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FF37DEDA1B82A3B3" bold="true" box="[151,189,152,178]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">63.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F248BBDD2FF65DED51872A3B3" ID-CoL="3FQR7" authority="(Burret) Wessels Boer (1968: 85)" authorityName="Wessels Boer" authorityPageNumber="85" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Burret" box="[197,845,150,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triandra">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FF65DED51A94A3B0" bold="true" box="[197,427,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Geonoma triandra</emphasis>
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(Burret)
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D248BBDD2FDBEDEDA1872A3B3" author="Wessels Boer, J." box="[542,845,152,178]" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 202" part="58" refId="ref124810" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." title="The geonomoid palms" type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels Boer (1968: 85)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F248BBDD2FCF9DEDA1E73A3B3" authority="Burret (1930 a: 143)" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[857,1356,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Kalbreyera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triandra">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FCF9DEDA1F71A3B3" box="[857,1102,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Kalbreyera triandra</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D248BBDD2FBF7DEDA1E73A3B3" author="Burret, M." box="[1111,1356,152,178]" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="123 - 270" part="63" refId="ref121027" refString="Burret, M. (1930 a) Geonomeae americanae. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 63: 123 - 270." title="Geonomeae americanae" type="journal article" year="1930">Burret (1930a: 143)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type:
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C248BBDD2FF37DEFC1A08A3D9" box="[151,311,190,216]" name="Colombia" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E248BBDD2FEE3DEFC1A82A3D9" box="[323,445,190,216]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
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: Murrí,
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<quantity id="B5199B09248BBDD2FDBCDEFC1947A3D9" box="[540,632,190,216]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="065F102C248BBDD2FD25DEFC181FA3D9" box="[645,800,190,216]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" value="1880-07-21">21 July 1880</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FC8CDE821F35A3D9" box="[812,1034,190,217]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">W. Kalbreyer 1829</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E248BBDD2FBBADEFC1FBDA3D9" box="[1050,1154,190,216]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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B, destroyed).
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E248BBDD2FA99DEFC1EA3A3D9" box="[1337,1436,190,216]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
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(here designated):
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C248BBDD2FECFDEA7192FA3FE" box="[367,528,229,255]" name="Colombia" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E248BBDD2FDBADEA719ABA3FE" box="[538,660,229,255]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
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: Mun. Mutatá, Hacienda Mocarí, carretera Mutatá-Pavarando,
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<quantity id="B5199B09248BBDD2FAD0DEA71B8EA227" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="065F102C248BBDD2FF1CDF4E1A73A227" box="[188,332,268,294]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" value="1987-05-01">1 May 1987</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FEF8DF4F18C5A227" box="[344,1018,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">R. Fonnegra, F. Roldán, J. Betancur, & A. Betancur 2002</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E248BBDD2FBA9DF4E1F57A227" box="[1033,1128,268,294]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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NY!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB6567248BBDD2FF37DF1B19AEA63B" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="description">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC248BBDD2FF37DF1B19AEA63B" blockId="149.[151,1438,345,1647]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FF37DF1B1BDAA272" box="[151,229,345,371]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Plants</emphasis>
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2.8(2.0–3.5) m tall; stems
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<quantity id="B5199B09248BBDD2FD92DF1B1948A272" box="[562,631,345,371]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="2.5">2.5 m</quantity>
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tall, 0.7(0.5–1.4) cm in diameter, clustered, cane-like; internodes 1.3(0.7–2.4) cm long, yellowish and smooth.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FD10DFC3183EA29B" box="[688,769,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Leaves</emphasis>
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10(8–11) per stem, undivided or irregularly pinnate, not plicate, bases of blades running diagonally into the rachis; sheaths 6.1(4.7–8.0) cm long; petioles 9.9(4.5– 14.7) cm long, drying green or yellowish; rachis 29.8(20.8–37.5) cm long, 2.6(1.6–3.6) mm in diameter; veins not raised or slightly raised and triangular in cross-section adaxially; pinnae 2(1–3) per side of rachis; basal pinna 19.1(14.0–30.0) cm long, 6.8(3.8–14.5) cm wide, forming an angle of 36(20–57)° with the rachis; apical pinna 13.9(8.5–18.0) cm long, 10.3(7.0–12.7) cm wide, forming an angle of 36(28–46)° with the rachis.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FF37DC2A1A7CA183" box="[151,323,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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branched 2–3 orders; prophylls and peduncular bracts not ribbed with elongate, unbranched fibers, flattened, persistent; prophylls 13.7(5.5–27.0) cm long, not short and asymmetrically apiculate, the surfaces not ridged, without unequally wide ridges; peduncular bracts 1.8(0.1–6.0) cm long, vestigial, inserted 3.7(0.5–7.3) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 15.2(6.5–28.5) cm long, 3.1(2.1–4.5) mm in diameter; rachillae 40(21–75), 10.0(6.0–15.0) cm long, 1.1(0.8–1.8) mm in diameter, the surfaces without spiky, fibrous projections or ridges, drying brown, with faint to pronounced, short, transverse ridges, not filiform and not narrowed between the flower pits; flower pits decussately arranged throughout the rachillae, the groups of pits closely spaced, glabrous internally; proximal lips without a central notch before anthesis, not recurved after anthesis, hood-shaped at anthesis, sometimes splitting post-anthesis; proximal and distal lips drying the same color as the rachillae, not joined to form a raised cupule, the proximal lip margins overlapping the distal lip margins; distal lips well-developed; staminate and pistillate petals not emergent, not valvate throughout; staminate flowers deciduous after anthesis; stamens 3; thecae diverging at anthesis, inserted almost directly onto the filament apices, the connectives bifid but scarcely developed; anthers short and curled over at anthesis; non-fertilized pistillate flowers deciduous after anthesis; staminodial tubes crenulate or shallowly lobed at the apex, those of non-fertilized pistillate flowers not projecting and persistent after anthesis;
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FAFDDAC71EA3A79E" box="[1373,1436,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">fruits</emphasis>
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6.8(6.0–7.4) mm long, 5.6(4.8–6.1) mm in diameter, the bases without a prominent stipe, the apices not conical, the surfaces not splitting at maturity, without fibers emerging, bumpy from the numerous, subepidermal, tangential, short fibers present, these coming to a point at fruit apices; locular epidermis without operculum, smooth, without pores.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB6567248BBDD2FF66DB0418EBA56E" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC248BBDD2FF66DB041EA3A686" blockId="149.[151,1438,345,1647]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FF66DB041911A661" bold="true" box="[198,558,1350,1376]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
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From 0°48’–
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<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B248BBDD2FD6EDB04181DA661" box="[718,802,1350,1376]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" precision="925" value="8.083333">8°05’N</geoCoordinate>
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and 76°00’–
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<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B248BBDD2FC6ADB041F09A661" box="[970,1078,1350,1376]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" precision="925" value="-78.73333">78°44’W</geoCoordinate>
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in eastern
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C248BBDD2FB6DDB041E12A661" box="[1229,1325,1350,1376]" name="Panama" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, western
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C248BBDD2FF37DB2F1A31A686" box="[151,270,1389,1415]" name="Colombia" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, and northwestern
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C248BBDD2FE49DB2F1974A686" box="[489,587,1389,1415]" name="Ecuador" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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at 233(45–1250) m elevation in lowland or montane rainforest (
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<figureCitation id="EADA2A69248BBDD2FA98DB2F1EB0A686" box="[1336,1423,1389,1415]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="150.[151,255,1990,2013]" captionTargetBox="[170,1423,960,1973]" captionTargetId="figure@150.[151,1436,942,1990]" captionTargetPageId="150" captionText="FIGURE 41. Distribution maps of Geonoma triandra, G. triglochin, G. trigona, and G. umbraculiformis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3538445" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3538445/files/figure.png" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC248BBDD2FF66DBD6181EA6FA" blockId="149.[151,1438,345,1647]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FF66DBD61AFEA6AF" bold="true" box="[198,449,1428,1454]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F248BBDD2FE61DBD619A0A6AF" authorityName="Wessels Boer" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Burret" box="[449,671,1428,1454]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triandra">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FE61DBD619A0A6AF" box="[449,671,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Geonoma triandra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of only two species of
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F248BBDD2FBB0DBD61FBDA6AF" authorityName="Willdenow" authorityYear="1805" box="[1040,1154,1428,1454]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FBB0DBD61FBDA6AF" box="[1040,1154,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Geonoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with staminate flowers with three stamens;
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F248BBDD2FE22DBF9191EA6D4" authorityName="Henderson, Borchsenius & Balslev" authorityYear="2008" box="[386,545,1467,1493]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hollinensis">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FE22DBF9191EA6D4" box="[386,545,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">G. hollinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the other. Lacking staminate flowers, it can be recognized by its vestigial peduncular bracts and decussately arranged flower pits.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC248BBDD2FF66D84A18EBA56E" blockId="149.[151,1438,345,1647]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE248BBDD2FF66D84A1AC1A523" bold="true" box="[198,510,1544,1570]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Subspecific variation:—</emphasis>
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One trait (leaf division) varies within this species. There is geographic discontinuity and specimens come from several disjunct areas. However, there are too few specimens to test for differences, and the gaps may be artifacts of insufficient collecting.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |