429 lines
47 KiB
XML
429 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="809C83B3D4DD9F5EE64AEAC5284A6A87" ID-CLB-Dataset="24911" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538362" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573511149647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2011" docId="FA4887FA2487BDDCFF37DF701EA3A2CE" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.17.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geonoma undata Klotzsch 1847" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="156" masterDocId="0671FF82241EBD47FFA0DE421B3FA301" masterDocTitle="A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="154" updateTime="1698765326825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="BC5C6FB0A2751B52D2E5D472D2FC7272" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CE678B8A7E1764B6BC92167DFA601876">
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<mods:title id="6CA4DBD4D30A72A0D4C3FA421AC7708B">A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="084A425981938B5CE0B3B071B6299158" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="122D18A0AF86F193624D83BBA40293C8">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6A5C065DBFF8D0C05FCA7781B45312B3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A869DDDB96F7438D202F1C3702CFA3A2">
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<mods:title id="071E1F32FE31E280E7235D84AE519108">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="52F6848E83D6CD08873423BD9371FBB3">
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<mods:date id="1C9169D9A9BE65DF39ECF11B4C15F010">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D8DF863F747E769C4A319F4F27CB2B87">2011-02-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="273C2BEF27FAE4696A8A110E4A478092" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F31784442B43CA2FB065C2EE90D5EA52">17</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CA54CD2805A9F2AA9F1750CA8E7F7E20">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A7ECC5DF65AF6CF489E90F2850158911" type="CLB-Dataset">24911</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="36B04BA1020B4647775B8BB8D2BA7D54" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="187B4D5616DCFEB85D0E81F9CBF30AF8" type="GBIF-Dataset">65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FA4887FA2487BDDCFF37DF701EA3A2CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5609200" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160342408" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5609200" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4887FA2487BDDCFF37DF701EA3A2CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA2487BDDCFF37DF701EA3A2CE" lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672487BDDEFF37DF701900A272" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2487BDDEFF37DF701900A272" blockId="153.[151,1436,305,371]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFF37DF701B83A24D" bold="true" box="[151,188,306,332]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">67.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFF64DF731998A24D" ID-CoL="3FQRK" authority="Klotzsch (1847: 452)" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityPageNumber="452" authorityYear="1847" box="[196,679,305,332]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFF64DF731AA5A24D" bold="true" box="[196,410,305,332]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Geonoma undata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2487BDDEFE03DF701998A24D" author="Klotzsch, J." box="[419,679,306,332]" journalOrPublisher="Linnaea" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="446 - 456" part="20" refId="ref123212" refString="Klotzsch, J. (1847) Palmae Juss., Brown, Mart., Endl., Kunth. Linnaea 20: 446 - 456." title="Palmae Juss., Brown, Mart., Endl., Kunth" type="journal article" year="1847">Klotzsch (1847: 452)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type:
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2487BDDEFD5FDF70188BA24D" box="[767,948,306,332]" name="Venezuela" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2487BDDEFC60DF701F15A24D" box="[960,1066,306,332]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Miranda</collectingRegion>
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: Tovar, no date,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFB52DF761EA3A24D" box="[1266,1436,306,333]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">H. Karsten 26</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2487BDDEFF3FDF1B1A38A272" box="[159,263,345,371]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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not known; isotype BM!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672487BDDDFF37DFE41AE6A6FA" lastPageId="154" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="description">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2487BDDEFF37DFE41888A549" blockId="153.[151,1438,422,2034]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFF37DFE41BDDA2C1" box="[151,226,422,448]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Plants</emphasis>
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5.4(0.9–17.0) m tall; stems 4.5(0.7–15.0) m tall, 2.0(0.9–5.0) cm in diameter, solitary or clustered, not cane-like or cane-like; internodes 1.3(0.5–5.7) cm long, yellowish and smooth.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFBFBDF8C1F91A2E6" box="[1115,1198,462,487]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Leaves</emphasis>
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10(4–17) per stem, undivided or irregularly pinnate, not plicate or plicate, bases of blades running diagonally into the rachis; sheaths 39.4(5.0–97.5) cm long; petioles 30.7(0.0–113.0) cm long, drying green or yellowish; rachis 101.1(17.0–265.0) cm long, 9.3(2.2–28.1) mm in diameter; veins raised and rectangular in cross-section adaxially or not raised or slightly raised and triangular in cross-section adaxially; pinnae 19(1–65) per side of rachis; basal pinna 43.3(14.0–83.0) cm long, 3.2(0.3–27.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 48(10–90)° with the rachis; apical pinna 32.7(8.0–66.0) cm long, 9.6(0.1–30.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 25(5–41)° with the rachis.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFF53DC9E1A98A1F7" box="[243,423,732,758]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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branched 1–3 orders; prophylls and peduncular bracts not ribbed with elongate, unbranched fibers, flattened (if tubular, narrow, and elongate then not ribbed), deciduous or persistent; prophylls 27.8(5.4–49.0) cm long, prophylls not short and asymmetrically apiculate, the surfaces ridged and densely tomentose with widely to closely spaced ridges, the ridges unequally wide, often dividing from and rejoining other ridges, the prophyll margins with irregular, spine-like projections (rarely these absent), the prophylls usually splitting irregularly between the ridges; peduncular bracts 18.7(7.0–39.0) cm long, welldeveloped, inserted 2.9(0.4–11.0) cm long; peduncles 18.4(4.7–50.0) cm long, 10.5(1.5–34.4) mm in diameter; rachillae 21(3–80), 19.7(5.0–54.0) cm long, 3.7(0.8–9.4) mm in diameter, the surfaces without spiky, fibrous projections or ridges, drying brown or yellow-brown, without short, transverse ridges, not filiform and not narrowed between the flower pits; flower pits usually spirally arranged, sometimes decussately or tricussately, then the groups not closely spaced nor consistently arranged throughout the rachillae, glabrous internally; proximal lips apiculate and lobed before anthesis, tearing in the center after anthesis, not recurved after anthesis, not hood-shaped; proximal and distal lips drying the same color as the rachillae, not joined to form a raised cupule, the proximal lip margins overlapping the distal lip margins; distal lips well-developed; staminate and pistillate petals not emergent, not valvate throughout; staminate flowers deciduous after anthesis; stamens 6; thecae diverging at anthesis, inserted almost directly onto the filament apices, the connectives bifid but scarcely developed; anthers short and curled over at anthesis; non-fertilized pistillate flowers persistent after anthesis; staminodial tubes crenulate or shallowly lobed at the apex, those of non-fertilized pistillate flowers not projecting and persistent after anthesis;
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFB92DBD61F4DA6AF" box="[1074,1138,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">fruits</emphasis>
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9.5(4.4–15.4) mm long, 6.9(3.8–12.0) mm in diameter, the bases with a prominent, asymmetric stipe, the apices not conical, the surfaces not splitting at maturity, without fibers emerging, bumpy from the numerous, subepidermal, tangential, short fibers present, these coming to a point at fruit apices; locular epidermis without operculum, sculpted, usually also with a raised, meridional ridge, without pores.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2487BDDEFF66D8171A15A47F" blockId="153.[151,1438,422,2034]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFF66D8171AFFA56E" bold="true" box="[198,448,1621,1647]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFE60D81719B3A56E" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[448,652,1621,1647]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFE60D81719B3A56E" box="[448,652,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Geonoma undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a member of a group of high elevation, Andean species (the
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFA23D8171BD4A597" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFA23D8171BD4A597" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">G. undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade, also including
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFE56D83E1F1BA597" box="[502,1060,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFE56D83E19ACA597" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[502,659,1660,1686]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">G. lehmannii</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFD00D83E186FA597" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[672,848,1660,1686]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">G. orbignyana</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFCFDD83E1F20A597" authorityName="Grayum" authorityYear="1998" box="[861,1055,1660,1686]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="talamancana">G. talamancana</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFBC0D83E1FE8A597" authorityName="Gentry" authorityYear="1986" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" box="[1120,1239,1660,1686]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trigona">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFBC0D83E1FE8A597" box="[1120,1239,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">G. trigona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). These species have been treated differently by both
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2487BDDEFDC4D8E1185DA5BC" author="Wessels Boer, J." box="[612,866,1699,1725]" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 202" part="58" refId="ref124810" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." title="The geonomoid palms" type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels Boer (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2487BDDEFC3ED8E11FFAA5BC" author="Henderson, A. & Galeano, G. & Bernal, R." box="[926,1221,1699,1725]" journalOrPublisher="Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref122861" refString="Henderson, A., Galeano, G. & Bernal, R. (1995) A field guide to the palms of the Americas. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, pp. 1 - 352." title="A field guide to the palms of the Americas" type="book chapter" year="1995">
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Henderson
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFB8AD8E61F57A5BC" box="[1066,1128,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">et al.</emphasis>
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(1995)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. They are closely related and three of them—
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFE40D88B1805A5E2" box="[480,826,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFE40D88B1943A5E2" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[480,636,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">G. lehmannii</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFD28D88B1809A5E2" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[648,822,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">G. orbignyana</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFCD5D88B18D7A5E2" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[885,1000,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFCD5D88B18D7A5E2" box="[885,1000,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">G. undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are difficult to distinguish from one another, and extremely complex internally. In fact,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFD4FD8B2185FA40B" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[751,864,1776,1802]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFD4FD8B2185FA40B" box="[751,864,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">G. undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the second most variable species of
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFA8AD8B21EA3A40B" baseAuthorityName="Gentry" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[1322,1436,1776,1802]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFA8AD8B21EA3A40B" box="[1322,1436,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Geonoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<tableCitation id="3F6303572487BDDEFF3FD9541BC1A431" box="[159,254,1814,1840]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="16.[151,241,422,445]" captionTargetBox="[165,1398,554,1961]" captionTargetId="graphics@16.[150,1436,539,1970]" captionText="TABLE 2. Sums of Coefficients of Variation (CVs) of 26 quantitative variables per species. (orders of inflorescence branching excluded)(variability), number of specimens examined (abundance), and number of one degree squares occupied by each species (range)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/269E6664240EBD57FF37DFE41AC1A109" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" tableUuid="269E6664240EBD57FF37DFE41AC1A109">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). It differs from other species in this group by its prophyll surfaces which are ridged and densely tomentose with widely to closely spaced ridges, the ridges unequally wide, often dividing from and rejoining other ridges.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2487BDDDFF66D9C91983A29B" blockId="153.[151,1438,422,2034]" lastBlockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" lastPageId="154" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFF66D9C91ACCA4A4" bold="true" box="[198,499,1931,1957]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Subspecific variation:—</emphasis>
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Five traits vary within this species (stem branching, stem
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2487BDDEFB31D9C91FF8A4A4" box="[1169,1223,1931,1957]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">type</typeStatus>
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, leaf division, leaf plication, adaxial veins)(distal lip also varies but may be a result of hybridization, see under
|
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2487BDDEFB78D9F31BD7A4F3" authority="subsp. undata" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFB78D9F31E75A4CA" box="[1240,1354,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">G. undata</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
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||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2487BDDEFF37D99A1BD7A4F3" box="[151,232,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Excluding stem branching and leaf division and the trait for which there are few data (stem
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2487BDDEFA8ED99A1E5AA4F3" box="[1326,1381,2008,2034]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">type</typeStatus>
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), the state distributions of the remaining two traits (leaf plication, adaxial veins) divide the specimens into three subgroups. One of these has non-raised adaxial veins and a discrete geographical range, and based on this is recognized as subspecies (subsp. s
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFD8CDEA71997A3FE" box="[556,680,229,255]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">tenothrysa</emphasis>
|
||
). The second subgroup has plicate leaves and the third has nonplicate leaves. However, leaf plication is difficult to score in this species and does not divide the specimens into consistent subgroups. These specimens are therefore examined on a geographical basis. There are several geographically isolated subgroups, but usually too few specimens in each subgroup to test for differences. These subgroups are recognized as subspecies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DFE41A2FA10F" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is an isolated subgroup in the Lesser Antilles (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC9ADFE4188DA2C1" box="[826,946,422,448]" name="Dominica" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Dominica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC1FDFE41F6FA2C1" box="[959,1104,422,448]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFB30DFE41E27A2C1" box="[1168,1304,422,448]" name="Martinique" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
). There are only four specimens, but given their geographic isolation they are recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFAECDF8F1BC0A10F" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="dussiana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFF37DFB61BC0A10F" box="[151,255,500,526]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">dussiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DC58186EA1A9" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is an isolated subgroup in the Guayana Highland region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC57DC581F4FA135" box="[1015,1136,538,564]" name="Venezuela" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
and adjacent
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFABEDC581E59A135" box="[1310,1382,538,564]" name="Brazil" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFF37DC031BC9A15A" box="[151,246,577,603]" name="Guyana" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It differs from its nearest neighbors in Andean
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC88DC03189FA15A" box="[808,928,577,603]" name="Venezuela" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
in seven variables (stem height, number of pinnae, apical pinna width, apical pinna angle, prophyll length, rachilla length, rachilla width) (
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFA9BDC2B1E7CA183" box="[1339,1347,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">t</emphasis>
|
||
-test,
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFA2ADC2B1EA3A183" box="[1418,1436,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05). It is recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFDD0DCCC187FA1A8" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Spruce" box="[624,832,654,681]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="appuniana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFD63DCD2187FA1A8" box="[707,832,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">appuniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DCF71935A042" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is an isolated subgroup from the Tumuc-Humac mountains in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC50DCF71FA1A1CE" box="[1008,1182,693,719]" name="French Guiana" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFB78DCF71E73A1CE" box="[1240,1356,693,719]" name="Suriname" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Suriname</collectingCountry>
|
||
. There are only two specimens, but the flower pits tend to be decussately arranged and there are few pinnae (3–4) compared with other specimens and they occur at lower elevations (
|
||
<quantity id="B5199B092484BDDDFC65DD401F6DA01D" box="[965,1106,770,796]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" unit="m" value="610.0" valueMax="620.0" valueMin="600.0">600–620 m</quantity>
|
||
). These are recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFE84DD6B1AC7A042" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[292,504,809,835]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="tumucensis">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFED6DD681AC7A042" box="[374,504,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">tumucensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DD121825A0DF" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is an isolated subgroup from Central America in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFCF8DD12188AA06B" box="[856,949,848,874]" name="Mexico" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC61DD121F7CA06B" box="[961,1091,848,874]" name="Guatemala" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFBF0DD121FFAA06B" box="[1104,1221,848,874]" name="Honduras" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFB71DD121E72A06B" box="[1233,1357,848,874]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFAFADD121BEDA091" name="Costa Rica" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFED8DD341AE4A091" box="[376,475,886,912]" name="Panama" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It differs from the remaining specimens in seven variables (plant height, basal pinna width, apical pinna width, apical pinna angle, peduncle width, rachilla length, rachilla width) (
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFAE0DDDD1E77A0B9" box="[1344,1352,927,952]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">t</emphasis>
|
||
-test,
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFA2ADDDD1EA3A0B9" box="[1418,1436,927,952]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05). It is recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFDD0DD861836A0DF" box="[624,777,964,990]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="edulis">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFD63DD861836A0DF" box="[707,777,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">edulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DDA81E6DA72A" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is an isolated subgroup from Cerro Tacarcuna in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFCFEDDA81880A705" box="[862,959,1002,1028]" name="Panama" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
. There are only two specimens but they have distinctive, distantly spaced flower pits and are recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFBECDA531E7EA72A" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[1100,1345,1041,1067]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="tacarcunensis">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFB3FDA501E7EA72A" box="[1183,1345,1042,1067]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">tacarcunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DA7A1EA3A779" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is an isolated subgroup from Andean
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFD55DA7A1852A753" box="[757,877,1080,1106]" name="Venezuela" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2484BDDDFC3FDA7A1F68A753" box="[927,1111,1080,1106]" country="Venezuela" name="Carabobo" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Carabobo state</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The two specimens have distinctive, pinnate leaves with narrow, linear pinnae and are recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFB08DA1C1EB4A779" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[1192,1419,1118,1144]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="venezuelana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFB5ADA1C1EB4A779" box="[1274,1419,1118,1144]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">venezuelana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DAC71FDCA7C7" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is a subgroup from eastern Andean slopes in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC94DAC718A9A79E" box="[820,918,1157,1183]" name="Ecuador" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
that have distinctive, narrow, linear pinnae and are reported to be rheophytes. These are recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFC4EDAEE1FEDA7C7" box="[1006,1234,1196,1222]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="pulcherrima">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFBE1DAEE1FEDA7C7" box="[1089,1234,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">pulcherrima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DA911FC7A686" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
There is a subgroup from Andean
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFDC6DA9119F7A7EC" box="[614,712,1235,1261]" name="Ecuador" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
which has distinctive, narrow rachillae and distantly spaced flower pits. It differs from other Ecuadorian specimens in 17 variables (plant height, stem height, internode length, leaf number, rachis length, rachis width, number of pinnae, basal pinna length, basal pinna width, basal pinna angle, apical pinna length, prophyll length, peduncular bract length, interbract distance, peduncle width, rachilla length, rachilla width)(
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFDA3DB2D1934A689" box="[515,523,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">t</emphasis>
|
||
-test,
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFDECDB2D1961A689" box="[588,606,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05) and is recognized as a subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFBF0DB2F1FD8A686" box="[1104,1255,1389,1415]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="skovii">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFB03DB2F1FD8A686" box="[1187,1255,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">skovii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF66DBD61AE6A6FA" blockId="154.[151,1437,152,1531]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
The remaining specimens, from Andean regions of South America in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFB82DBD61FA2A6AF" box="[1058,1181,1428,1454]" name="Venezuela" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFB0EDBD61E1AA6AF" box="[1198,1317,1428,1454]" name="Colombia" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFA95DBD61EA6A6AF" box="[1333,1433,1428,1454]" name="Ecuador" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFF37DBF91BEFA6D4" box="[151,208,1467,1493]" name="Peru" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFEAFDBF91A57A6D4" box="[271,360,1467,1493]" name="Bolivia" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, are extremely variable and are not divisible into subspecies and are recognized as a single subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFE84DBA31AF8A6FA" box="[292,455,1505,1531]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="undata">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFED6DBA31AF8A6FA" box="[374,455,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">undata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3AFB65672484BDDCFF37D86C1EA3A2CE" lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D86C1903A549" blockId="154.[151,572,1581,1608]" box="[151,572,1581,1608]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<heading id="291681802484BDDDFF37D86C1903A549" bold="true" box="[151,572,1581,1608]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFF37D86C1903A549" bold="true" box="[151,572,1581,1608]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
Key to the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFE68D86C1903A549" ID-CoL="3FQRK" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[456,572,1581,1608]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFE68D86C1903A549" bold="true" box="[456,572,1581,1608]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">G. undata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="067061DD2484BDDCFF37D83E1EA3A2CE" lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyStep id="C9152E492484BDDDFF37D83E1EA4A5D2" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D83E1EA3A5B2" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D83E1EA3A5B2" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
1 Veins not raised or slightly raised and triangular in cross-section adaxially; Central Cordillera in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFB7DD83E1E79A592" box="[1245,1350,1660,1683]" name="Colombia" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2484BDDDFAF5D83E1BC9A5B2" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
|
||
) .................................................................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFB77D8DE1EA3A5B2" box="[1239,1436,1692,1715]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="stenothrysa">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFA81D8DE1EA3A5B2" box="[1313,1436,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">stenothrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D8FE1EA4A5D2" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" box="[151,1435,1724,1747]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D8FE1EA4A5D2" box="[151,1435,1724,1747]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">- Veins raised and rectangular in cross-section adaxially; widespread .......................................................................... 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="C9152E492484BDDDFF37D89E1EA4A452" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D89E1EA3A412" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D89E1EA3A412" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
2 Prophyll margins without irregular, spine-like projections; basal pinna 0.7(0.3–1.0) cm wide; apical pinna 0.8(0.5– 1.0) cm wide; rheophytes on eastern Andean slopes in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFC3AD8BE18CCA412" box="[922,1011,1788,1811]" name="Ecuador" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
...............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFB6ED8BE1EA3A412" ID-CoL="5HFXZ" box="[1230,1436,1788,1811]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="pulcherrima">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFAB8D8BE1EA3A412" box="[1304,1436,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">pulcherrima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D95E1EA4A452" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D95E1EA4A452" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">- Prophyll margins with irregular, spine-like projections; basal pinna 3.3(0.4–27.0) cm wide; apical pinna 10.1(1.5– 30.0) cm wide; non-rheophytes, widespread ............................................................................................................... 3</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="C9152E492484BDDDFF37D91E1EA4A492" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D91E1EA3A472" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" box="[151,1436,1884,1907]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D91E1EA3A472" box="[151,1436,1884,1907]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
3 Lesser Antilles .......................................................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFB59D91E1EA3A472" ID-CoL="5HFXX" box="[1273,1436,1884,1907]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="dussiana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFA9DD91E1EA3A472" box="[1341,1436,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">dussiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D93E1EA4A492" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" box="[151,1435,1916,1939]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D93E1EA4A492" box="[151,1435,1916,1939]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">- All other areas............................................................................................................................................................... 4</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="C9152E492484BDDDFF37D9DE1EA4A4F2" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D9DE1EA4A4B5" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" box="[151,1435,1948,1972]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D9DE1EA4A4B5" box="[151,1435,1948,1972]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
4 Flower pits decussately arranged; Tumuc–Humac mountains in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFCD1D9DE1F30A4B2" box="[881,1039,1948,1971]" name="French Guiana" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2484BDDDFBE3D9DE1F96A4B2" box="[1091,1193,1948,1971]" name="Suriname" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Suriname</collectingCountry>
|
||
......
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2484BDDDFB7CD9DE1EA4A4B5" ID-CoL="5HFY5" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[1244,1435,1948,1972]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="tumucensis">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2484BDDDFA85D9DF1EA4A4B5" box="[1317,1435,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">tumucensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2484BDDDFF37D9FE1EA4A4F2" blockId="154.[151,1436,1660,2035]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92484BDDDFF37D9FE1EA4A4F2" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">- Flower pits usually spirally arranged, sometimes decussately or tricussately, then the groups not closely spaced nor consistently arranged throughout the rachillae; all other areas .................................................................................... 5</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2485BDDCFF37DEDA1EA3A2CE" blockId="155.[151,1436,152,463]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92485BDDCFF37DEDA1EA3A2CE" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<keyStep id="C9152E492485BDDCFF37DEDA1EA3A2CE" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
5 Guayana Highland region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFE5FDEDA194FA3AE" box="[511,624,152,175]" name="Venezuela" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFDDADEDA1982A3AE" box="[634,701,152,175]" name="Brazil" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFD55DEDA1877A3AE" box="[757,840,152,175]" name="Guyana" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2485BDDCFB45DEDA1EA3A3B1" ID-CoL="5HFXW" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Spruce" box="[1253,1436,152,176]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="appuniana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2485BDDCFA8ADEDB1EA3A3B1" box="[1322,1436,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">appuniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- All other areas............................................................................................................................................................... 6 6 Central America (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFE27DE9A1AE2A3EE" box="[391,477,216,239]" name="Mexico" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFE47DE9A1961A3EE" box="[487,606,216,239]" name="Guatemala" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFDC9DE9A19ECA3EE" box="[617,723,216,239]" name="Honduras" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFD7DDE9A1872A3EE" box="[733,845,216,239]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFCF8DE9A18F0A3EE" box="[856,975,216,239]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFB93DE9A1FB6A3EE" box="[1075,1161,216,239]" name="Panama" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
) ..................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2485BDDCFAB3DE9A1EA3A3EE" ID-CoL="5HFXY" box="[1299,1436,216,239]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="edulis">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2485BDDCFAFCDE9A1EA3A3EE" box="[1372,1436,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">edulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- South America in Andean regions from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFDD4DEBA19DDA20E" box="[628,738,248,271]" name="Venezuela" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFCA4DEBA186AA20E" box="[772,853,248,271]" name="Bolivia" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and just reaching eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFBCFDEBA1FFBA20E" box="[1135,1220,248,271]" name="Panama" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
............................. 7 7 Flower pits distantly spaced; eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFDF3DF5A1998A22E" box="[595,679,280,303]" name="Panama" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
...............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2485BDDCFB1FDF5A1EA3A231" ID-CoL="5HFY4" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[1215,1436,280,304]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="tacarcunensis">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2485BDDCFAA9DF5B1EA3A231" box="[1289,1436,281,304]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">tacarcunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- Flower pits rarely distantly spaced; South America in Andean regions from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFC51DF7A1F60A24E" box="[1009,1119,312,335]" name="Venezuela" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFB21DF7A1FEFA24E" box="[1153,1232,312,335]" name="Bolivia" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
........................... 8 8 Basal pinna 0.5(0.4–0.5) cm wide; apical pinna
|
||
<quantity id="B5199B092485BDDCFD67DF1A182FA26E" box="[711,784,344,367]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" unit="cm" value="1.7">1.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2485BDDCFCF8DF1A18C6A26E" box="[856,1017,344,367]" country="Venezuela" name="Carabobo" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Carabobo state</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFBA5DF1A1F4AA26E" box="[1029,1141,344,367]" name="Venezuela" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
.............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2485BDDCFB6EDF1A1EA3A26E" ID-CoL="5HFY7" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[1230,1436,344,367]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="venezuelana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2485BDDCFAB8DF1A1EA3A26E" box="[1304,1436,344,367]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">venezuelana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- Basal pinna 3.0(0.5–14.0) cm wide; apical pinna 10.6(2.0–30.0) cm wide; widespread ............................................. 9 9. Flower pits distantly spaced; eastern Andean slopes in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2485BDDCFCD4DFDA18F2A2AE" box="[884,973,408,431]" name="Ecuador" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2485BDDCFAB9DFDA1EA3A2AE" ID-CoL="5HFY2" box="[1305,1436,408,431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="skovii">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2485BDDCFAFEDFDA1EA3A2AE" box="[1374,1436,408,431]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">skovii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- Flower pits not distantly spaced; widespread ...........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2485BDDCFAADDFFA1EA3A2CE" ID-CoL="5HFY6" box="[1293,1436,440,463]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="undata">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2485BDDCFAF2DFFA1EA3A2CE" box="[1362,1436,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">undata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |