251 lines
30 KiB
XML
251 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="DB5359F50A4D0D4B26665FB493226AFC" ID-CLB-Dataset="24911" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538362" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573511149647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2011" docId="FA4887FA2473BD29FF37DFB61EA3A740" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.17.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geonoma orbignyana Martius 1843" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="0671FF82241EBD47FFA0DE421B3FA301" masterDocTitle="A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="110" updateTime="1698765326825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="69C81A929A90226BE8C8446A62833D08" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="18B6AFD8AD8B789A1DCE4296A29CF057">
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<mods:title id="28C8A7203E56A6219F4C6EE91FBD8616">A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="6C6A0DA36F2C3BF32458A008CD005158" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B9AF4E4DFB43205899D50E6502D69544">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="26D81196C6ED2EB5D5932FED55D34F4D">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C6D3CAA18DBC063E077F5F0A00FC636A">
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<mods:title id="01ACFA88524786CA4116A22DD98E38E7">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E828A86573FBBB0E928B37B1A37650C3">
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<mods:date id="926688BD01C96C5F879FBB5423290212">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5E0E357957A5B862AA7B9342CEC75DCC">2011-02-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CBC1041001091CBC046D9F43CBBD49AF">17</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="E92761CE4927A9855498998D6D0B5948">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="809EA33885713BAB97A01F93B8D8C375" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FA4887FA2473BD29FF37DFB61EA3A740" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5609088" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160342429" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5609088" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4887FA2473BD29FF37DFB61EA3A740" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA2473BD29FF37DFB61EA3A740" lastPageId="110" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672473BD2AFF37DFB6193AA135" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2473BD2AFF37DFB6193AA135" blockId="109.[151,1437,499,565]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFF37DFB61B81A10F" bold="true" box="[151,190,500,526]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">45.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFF68DFB119DFA10F" ID-CoL="3FQNF" authority="Martius (1843: 22)" authorityName="Martius" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1843" box="[200,736,499,526]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFF68DFB11ADEA10F" bold="true" box="[200,481,499,526]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Geonoma orbignyana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2473BD2AFE4BDFB619DFA10F" author="Martius, C." box="[491,736,500,526]" journalOrPublisher="Paris" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref123527" refString="Martius, C. (1843) Palmetum Orbignyanum. In: A d'Orbigny, Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale 7 (3). Palmiers. P. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 1 - 140." title="Palmetum Orbignyanum" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="A d'Orbigny, Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale 7 (3). Palmiers. P. Bertrand" year="1843">Martius (1843: 22)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type:
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2473BD2AFC9EDFB618FDA10F" box="[830,962,500,526]" name="Bolivia" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2473BD2AFC6FDFB61F47A10F" box="[975,1144,500,526]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
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: Yuracares, no date,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFA22DFB61A0AA135" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">A. d’Orbigny 44</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2473BD2AFEE5DC581A92A135" box="[325,429,538,564]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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P
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFE6CDC5E1ACBA134" box="[460,500,540,565]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">n.v.</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672473BD2AFF37DC2A1A18A4F3" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" type="description">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2473BD2AFF37DC2A1F68A597" blockId="109.[151,1437,616,2034]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFF37DC2A1BDCA183" box="[151,227,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Plants</emphasis>
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2.0(0.5–7.0) m tall; stems 1.5(0.1–4.0) m tall, 1.2(0.5–2.2) cm in diameter, solitary or clustered, not cane-like or cane-like; internodes 1.0(0.2–3.8) cm long, yellowish and smooth, or, if short and congested, not scaly.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFF7FDCF41A0EA1CE" box="[223,305,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Leaves</emphasis>
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10(4–20) per stem, undivided or irregularly pinnate, sometimes regularly pinnate and the pinnae with 1 main vein only, not plicate or plicate, bases of blades running diagonally into the rachis; sheaths 18.5(5.0–60.0) cm long; petioles 30.0(1.5–90.0) cm long, drying green or yellowish; rachis 32.7(5.0–76.0) cm long 3.5(1.2–8.2) mm in diameter; veins raised and rectangular in cross-section adaxially; pinnae 5(1–26) per side of rachis; basal pinna 30.1(13.0–59.5) cm, long, 3.0(0.1–15.5) cm wide, forming an angle of 44(7–95)° with the rachis; apical pinna 20.6(7.7–47.5) cm long, 7.1(0.3–21.3) cm wide, forming an angle of 25(6–43)° with the rachis.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFEF0DDDF1AC7A0B6" box="[336,504,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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unbranched or branched 1–2 orders; prophylls and peduncular bracts not ribbed with elongate, unbranched fibers, flattened (if tubular, narrow, and elongate then not ribbed), deciduous or persistent; prophylls 21.2(3.4–41.5) cm long, not short and asymmetrically apiculate, the surfaces not ridged, without unequally wide ridges; peduncular bracts 19.5(3.0–49.0) cm long, well-developed, inserted 9.8(0.8– 39.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 30.9(6.0–88.5) cm long, 3.5(1.3–11.1) mm in diameter; rachillae 5(1– 28), 15.3(5.0–31.0) cm long, 3.5(1.8–6.6) mm in diameter, the surfaces without spiky, fibrous projections or ridges, drying brown or yellow-brown, without short, transverse ridges, not filiform and not narrowed between the flower pits; flower pits usually spirally arranged, sometimes decussately or tricussately, then the groups not closely spaced nor consistently arranged throughout the rachillae, glabrous internally; proximal lips apiculate and lobed before anthesis, tearing in the center after anthesis, not recurved after anthesis, not hood-shaped; proximal and distal lips drying the same color as the rachillae, not joined to form a raised cupule, the proximal lip margins overlapping the distal lip margins; distal lips well-developed; staminate and pistillate petals not emergent, not valvate throughout; staminate flowers deciduous after anthesis; stamens 6; thecae diverging at anthesis, inserted almost directly onto the filament apices, the connectives bifid but scarcely developed; anthers short and curled over at anthesis; non-fertilized pistillate flowers persistent after anthesis; staminodial tubes crenulate or shallowly lobed at the apex, those of non-fertilized pistillate flowers not projecting and persistent after anthesis;
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFD3ED84A19E3A523" box="[670,732,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">fruits</emphasis>
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9.0(6.0–16.5) mm long, 6.8(5.1–12.9) mm in diameter, the bases with a prominent, asymmetric stipe, the apices not conical, the surfaces not splitting at maturity, without fibers emerging, bumpy from the numerous, subepidermal, tangential, short fibers present, these coming to a point at fruit apices; locular epidermis without operculum, smooth, without pores.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2473BD2AFF66D8E11A18A4F3" blockId="109.[151,1437,616,2034]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFF66D8E11A80A5BC" bold="true" box="[198,447,1699,1725]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFE1FD8E11980A5BC" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[447,703,1699,1725]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFE1FD8E11980A5BC" box="[447,703,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Geonoma orbignyana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a member of a group of high elevation, Andean species, the
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFF37D88B1A35A5E2" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[151,266,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFF37D88B1A35A5E2" box="[151,266,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade, which also includes
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFDEFD88B1F0AA5E2" box="[591,1077,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFDEFD88B19D7A5E2" box="[591,744,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonomae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">G. lehmannii</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFD55D88B188DA5E2" authorityName="Grayum" authorityYear="1998" box="[757,946,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="talamancana">G. talamancana</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFC1FD88B1F0AA5E2" authorityName="Gentry" authorityYear="1986" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" box="[959,1077,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trigona">G. trigona</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFBD7D88B1FD6A5E2" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[1143,1257,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFBD7D88B1FD6A5E2" box="[1143,1257,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. These species have been treated differently by both
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2473BD2AFDC4D8B2185DA40B" author="Wessels Boer, J." box="[612,866,1776,1802]" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 202" part="58" refId="ref124810" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." title="The geonomoid palms" type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels Boer (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2473BD2AFC3ED8B21FFAA40B" author="Henderson, A. & Galeano, G. & Bernal, R." box="[926,1221,1776,1802]" journalOrPublisher="Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref122861" refString="Henderson, A., Galeano, G. & Bernal, R. (1995) A field guide to the palms of the Americas. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, pp. 1 - 352." title="A field guide to the palms of the Americas" type="book chapter" year="1995">
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Henderson
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFB8AD8B31F57A40B" box="[1066,1128,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
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(1995)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. They are closely related and three of them–
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFE75D954180DA431" box="[469,818,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFE75D954194DA431" box="[469,626,1814,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonomae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">G. lehmannii</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFDDFD9541811A431" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[639,814,1814,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">G. orbignyana</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFCCFD95418DBA431" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[879,996,1814,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFCCFD95418DBA431" box="[879,996,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are difficult to distinguish from one another, and extremely complex internally.
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFD71D97F18D5A456" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[721,1002,1853,1879]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFD71D97F18D5A456" box="[721,1002,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Geonoma orbignyana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFB3BD97F1E7FA456" box="[1179,1344,1853,1879]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonomae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFB3BD97F1E7FA456" box="[1179,1344,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. lehmannii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFA22D97F1A04A47F" authorityName="Grayum" authorityYear="1998" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="talamancana">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFA22D97F1A04A47F" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. talamancana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its prophylls and peduncular bracts which are flattened and not ribbed with elongate, unbranched fibers; from
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFE1ED9C91946A4A4" authorityName="Grayum" authorityYear="1998" box="[446,633,1931,1957]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="talamancana">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFE1ED9C91946A4A4" box="[446,633,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. talamancana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its well-developed peduncular bract; from
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFB3CD9C91E2BA4A4" authorityName="Gentry" authorityYear="1986" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" box="[1180,1300,1931,1957]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trigona">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFB3CD9C91E2BA4A4" box="[1180,1300,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. trigona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its welldeveloped distal lips; and from
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2473BD2AFDABD9F31941A4CA" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1847" box="[523,638,1969,1995]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undata">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2473BD2AFDABD9F31941A4CA" box="[523,638,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">G. undata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its prophyll surfaces which are not ridged and without unequally wide ridges.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672470BD29FF66DEDA1A26A1A9" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2470BD29FF66DEDA1F85A272" blockId="110.[151,1437,152,874]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FF66DEDA1AFDA3B3" ID-CoL="6KBP3" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[198,450,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jussieuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FF66DEDA1AFDA3B3" box="[198,450,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Geonoma jussieuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is treated here as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FCC5DEDA1FC4A3B3" ID-CoL="5HFWW" authority="subsp. orbignyana" box="[869,1275,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="orbignyana" subSpecies="orbignyana">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FCC5DEDA1F2DA3B3" box="[869,1042,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">G. orbignyana</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FBD4DEDA1FC4A3B3" box="[1140,1275,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">orbignyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(contra both
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2470BD29FF37DEFC1AB6A3D9" author="Wessels Boer, J." box="[151,393,190,216]" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 202" part="58" refId="ref124810" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." title="The geonomoid palms" type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels Boer, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2470BD29FE66DEFC19DAA3D9" author="Henderson, A. & Galeano, G. & Bernal, R." box="[454,741,190,217]" journalOrPublisher="Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 352" refId="ref122861" refString="Henderson, A., Galeano, G. & Bernal, R. (1995) A field guide to the palms of the Americas. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, pp. 1 - 352." title="A field guide to the palms of the Americas" type="book chapter" year="1995">
|
||
Henderson
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FDF3DE8219A4A3D9" box="[595,667,190,217]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2470BD29FC92DEFC1858A3D9" box="[818,871,190,216]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen, with its unbranched inflorescence, comes from a Bolivian population of plants with both unbranched and branched inflorescences (sometimes on the same specimen). In bract structure specimens of this population resemble others of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FB42DF4E1EABA227" ID-CoL="3FQNF" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[1250,1428,268,294]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FB42DF4E1EABA227" box="[1250,1428,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">G. orbignyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FF37DF7019AEA24D" ID-CoL="5HFWC" authority="subsp. lehmannii" box="[151,657,306,332]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lehmannii" subSpecies="lehmannii">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FF37DF701A9BA24D" box="[151,420,306,332]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Geonoma lehmannii</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FDACDF7019AEA24D" box="[524,657,306,332]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">lehmannii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, superficially similar to this population in its unbranched inflorescences, does not reach
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FE5DDF1B196CA272" box="[509,595,345,371]" name="Bolivia" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and has its southernmost population in central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FBDDDF1B1F88A272" box="[1149,1207,345,371]" name="Peru" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2470BD29FF66DFC21A26A1A9" blockId="110.[151,1437,152,874]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FF66DFC21ACCA29B" bold="true" box="[198,499,384,410]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Subspecific variation:—</emphasis>
|
||
Five traits vary within this species (stem branching, stem
|
||
<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2470BD29FB31DFC21FF8A29B" box="[1169,1223,384,410]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, leaf division, leaf plication, inflorescence branching). Excluding stem branching and leaf division and one trait for which there are few data (stem
|
||
<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2470BD29FE24DF8F1A81A2E6" box="[388,446,461,487]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
||
), the state distributions of the remaining two traits (leaf plication, inflorescence branching) do not divide the specimens into consistent subgroups which are geographically separated. Both leaf plication and inflorescence branching appear inconsistent. Leaf plication is difficult to score in this species, and branched and unbranched inflorescences can be found on the same specimen. There is, however, geographic disjunction and there is a gap in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FD5FDC2A1863A183" box="[767,860,616,642]" name="Panama" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
between Central American and South American specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3AFB65672470BD29FF66DCF71ADFA06B" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2470BD29FF66DCF71ADFA06B" blockId="110.[151,1437,152,874]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Central American specimens differ from South American ones in 12 variables (rachis width, number of pinnae, basal pinna length, basal pinna width, basal pinna angle, apical pinna length, apical pinna width, apical pinna angle, peduncular bract length, interbract distance, peduncle length, number of rachillae)(
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FAE1DD461E76A01C" box="[1345,1353,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">t</emphasis>
|
||
-test,
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FA2ADD461EA3A01C" box="[1418,1436,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05). Based on this and geographic separation, the two subgroups are recognized as subspecies (subspp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FF37DD121AF0A06B" box="[151,463,848,874]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FF37DD121A02A06B" authorityName="Wendland ex Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,317,848,874]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hoffmanniana">hoffmanniana</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FEE8DD121AF0A06B" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[328,463,848,874]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">orbignyana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3AFB65672470BD29FF37DDDF1EA3A740" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2470BD29FF37DDDF194CA0B6" blockId="110.[151,627,924,951]" box="[151,627,924,951]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<heading id="291681802470BD29FF37DDDF194CA0B6" bold="true" box="[151,627,924,951]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FF37DDDF194CA0B6" bold="true" box="[151,627,924,951]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Key to the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FE68DDDE194CA0B6" ID-CoL="3FQNF" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1843" box="[456,627,924,951]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orbignyana">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FE68DDDE194CA0B6" bold="true" box="[456,627,924,951]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">G. orbignyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep id="C9152E492470BD29FF37DDA81EA3A740" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<key id="067061DD2470BD29FF37DDA81EA3A740" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2470BD29FF37DDA81EA3A720" blockId="110.[151,1436,1002,1089]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92470BD29FF37DDA81EA3A720" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
1 Peduncles 25.6(6.0–59.5) cm long; South America (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FD52DDA8185BA700" box="[754,868,1002,1025]" name="Venezuela" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FCCFDDA818E4A700" box="[879,987,1002,1025]" name="Colombia" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FC46DDA81F7EA700" box="[998,1089,1002,1025]" name="Ecuador" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FBEBDDA81F40A700" box="[1099,1151,1002,1025]" name="Peru" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FB16DDA81E39A700" box="[1206,1286,1002,1025]" name="Bolivia" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) .................... ..........................................................................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FB77DA481EA3A720" ID-CoL="5HFWW" box="[1239,1436,1034,1057]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="orbignyana" subSpecies="orbignyana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FA81DA481EA3A720" box="[1313,1436,1034,1057]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">orbignyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2470BD29FF37DA681EA3A740" blockId="110.[151,1436,1002,1089]" box="[151,1436,1066,1089]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<keyLead id="C91095D92470BD29FF37DA681EA3A740" box="[151,1436,1066,1089]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
- Peduncles 32.4(20.9–56.0) cm long; Central America (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FCB0DA6818BDA740" box="[784,898,1066,1089]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FC2DDA681F3CA740" box="[909,1027,1066,1089]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2470BD29FBAEDA681F58A740" box="[1038,1127,1066,1089]" name="Panama" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
)............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2470BD29FB61DA681EA3A740" ID-CoL="5HFWV" box="[1217,1436,1066,1089]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="orbignyana" subSpecies="hoffmanniana">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2470BD29FAA8DA681EA3A740" box="[1288,1436,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">hoffmanniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |