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<document id="421FF0BF659A9698C632DC362BF0393B" ID-CLB-Dataset="24911" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538362" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573511149647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2011" docId="FA4887FA246EBD37FF37DC901E31A5DC" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.17.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geonoma orbignyana subsp. hoffmanniana Henderson" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="113" masterDocId="0671FF82241EBD47FFA0DE421B3FA301" masterDocTitle="A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="113" updateTime="1698765326825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4864113C9A357B22C934B7BE42F67E89">A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3F5BB0D0DE92D2675D7B82E4CDD37AC8">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="952A4F0AE1763A65DD4684E1E74EB507">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="90EBC35C4151C707C24FADFB6D898376">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="5D4256479139B41B3ADDDEAD54C5311E" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FA4887FA246EBD37FF37DC901E31A5DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5609092" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160342428" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5609092" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4887FA246EBD37FF37DC901E31A5DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA246EBD37FF37DC901E31A5DC" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
<subSubSection id="3AFB6567246EBD37FF37DC901E44A1ED" box="[151,1403,721,748]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF37DC901E44A1ED" blockId="112.[151,1436,721,881]" box="[151,1403,721,748]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FF37DC901E44A1ED" bold="true" box="[151,1403,721,748]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
45b.
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FF73DC931FABA1ED" ID-CoL="5HFWV" authority="(Wendland ex Spruce) Henderson" authorityName="Henderson" baseAuthorityName="Spruce" box="[211,1172,721,748]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="orbignyana" subSpecies="hoffmanniana">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FF73DC931AE5A1ED" bold="true" box="[211,474,721,748]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Geonoma orbignyana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FD98DC9319DAA1ED" bold="true" box="[568,741,721,748]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">hoffmanniana</emphasis>
(Wendland ex Spruce) Henderson
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FB02DC931E44A1ED" bold="true" box="[1186,1403,721,748]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">comb. &amp; stat. nov.</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AFB6567246EBD37FF37DCBB1FCAA0B1" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF37DCBB1948A031" blockId="112.[151,1436,721,881]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FEB2DCBB18BBA011" ID-CoL="3FQKW" authority="Wendland ex Spruce (1871: 106)" authorityName="Wendland ex Spruce" authorityPageNumber="106" authorityYear="1871" box="[274,900,761,784]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hoffmanniana">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FEB2DCBB192AA011" box="[274,533,761,784]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Geonoma hoffmanniana</emphasis>
Wendland ex
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D246EBD37FD12DCBB18BBA011" author="Spruce R." box="[690,900,761,784]" journalOrPublisher="Journal Linnaean Society, Botany" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" pagination="65 - 183" part="11" refId="ref124389" refString="Spruce R. (1871) Palmae Amazonicae. Journal Linnaean Society, Botany 11: 65 - 183." title="Palmae Amazonicae" type="journal article" year="1871">Spruce (1871: 106)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type:
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FC74DCBB1F4BA011" box="[980,1140,761,784]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E246EBD37FBDFDCBB1FE7A011" box="[1151,1240,761,784]" country="Costa Rica" name="Heredia" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Heredia</collectingRegion>
: Volcán de Barba, no date,
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FE82DD581AE7A030" box="[290,472,793,817]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">H. Wendland s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="AD5A884E246EBD37FE46DD5B197AA031" box="[486,581,793,816]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
K!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF37DD7B1E1BA071" blockId="112.[151,1436,721,881]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52F111C2246EBD37FF37DD7B1E1BA071" infered="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FF37DD7B1903A051" ID-CoL="3FQMX" authority="Glassman (1964: 7)" authorityName="Glassman" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,572,825,848]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="molinae">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FF37DD7B1A62A051" box="[151,349,825,848]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Geonoma molinae</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="F34010FD246EBD37FEC5DD7B1903A051" author="Glassman, S." box="[357,572,825,848]" page="7" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D246EBD37FEC5DD7B1903A051" author="Glassman, S." box="[357,572,825,848]" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana: Botany" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" pagination="5 - 9" part="31" refId="ref122325" refString="Glassman, S. (1964) Two new species of palm from Nicaragua. Fieldiana: Botany 31: 5 - 9." title="Two new species of palm from Nicaragua" type="journal article" year="1964">Glassman (1964: 7)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type:
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FD2DDD7B180EA051" box="[653,817,825,848]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">NICARAGUA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E246EBD37FC9CDD7B188EA051" box="[828,945,825,848]" country="Nicaragua" name="Matagalpa" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Matagalpa</collectingRegion>
: Santa María de Ostuma, between
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E246EBD37FA8CDD7B1EA3A051" box="[1324,1436,825,848]" country="Nicaragua" name="Matagalpa" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Matagalpa</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="B025F80E246EBD37FF54DD1B1A6FA071" box="[244,336,857,880]" country="Nicaragua" name="Jinotega" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Jinotega</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="B5199B09246EBD37FEFADD1B1ACFA071" box="[346,496,857,880]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" unit="m" value="1400.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1300.0">13001500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="065F102C246EBD37FE5BDD1B199FA071" box="[507,672,857,880]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" value="1963-01-08">8 January 1963</date>
,
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FD0BDD181FB5A071" box="[683,1162,857,881]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
L. Williams, A.
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FCEFDD1B18A0A071" box="[847,927,857,880]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Molina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Molina</taxonomicName>
, &amp; R. Williams 23507
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="AD5A884E246EBD37FB37DD1B1FC9A071" box="[1175,1270,857,880]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
F!).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF37DDD41FCAA0B1" blockId="112.[151,1437,918,1757]" box="[151,1269,918,944]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FF37DDD41A00A0B1" box="[151,319,918,944]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Inflorescences</emphasis>
peduncular bracts 20.6(10.727.5) cm long; peduncles 32.4(20.956.0) cm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AFB6567246EBD37FF66DDFF1E31A5DC" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF66DDFF18CEA0FF" blockId="112.[151,1437,918,1757]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FF66DDFF191CA0D6" bold="true" box="[198,547,957,983]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
From 8°52
<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B246EBD37FD1CDDFF181DA0D6" box="[700,802,957,983]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" precision="925" value="13.033334">13°02N</geoCoordinate>
and 82°33
<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B246EBD37FC1DDDFF1F15A0D6" box="[957,1066,957,983]" degrees="86" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" precision="925" value="-86.333336">86°20W</geoCoordinate>
in
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FBF5DDFF1FEEA0D6" box="[1109,1233,957,983]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FB7EDDFF1E5BA0D6" box="[1246,1380,957,983]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FF37DDA61BCBA0FF" box="[151,244,996,1022]" name="Panama" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Panama</collectingCountry>
at 2008(14003000) m elevation in montane rainforest (
<figureCitation id="EADA2A69246EBD37FC2CDDA618DBA0FF" box="[908,996,996,1022]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="114.[151,257,1197,1220]" captionTargetBox="[170,1420,162,1174]" captionTargetId="figure@114.[151,1436,139,1191]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 30. Distribution maps of Geonoma orbignyana subsp. hoffmanniana, G. paradoxa, G. pauciflora, and G. peruviana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3538422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3538422/files/figure.png" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF66DA481AD9A74A" blockId="112.[151,1437,918,1757]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
This subspecies occurs in three separate areas;
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FCAADA4818B9A725" box="[778,902,1034,1060]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
, the central part of
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FBDDDA481E3BA725" box="[1149,1284,1034,1060]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, and eastern
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FF37DA731A28A74A" box="[151,279,1073,1099]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
/western
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FE21DA731ADDA74A" box="[385,482,1073,1099]" name="Panama" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF66DA1A19F4A7BE" blockId="112.[151,1437,918,1757]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
There are six specimens from
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FD9DDA1A198AA773" box="[573,693,1112,1138]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
and these are small in size. There are no differences in any quantitative variable between these specimens and those of central
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FC6FDA3C1F68A799" box="[975,1111,1150,1176]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, although they do occur at lower mean elevations (
<quantity id="B5199B09246EBD37FE0EDAE71937A7BE" box="[430,520,1189,1215]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.475" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" unit="m" value="1475.0">1475 m</quantity>
versus
<quantity id="B5199B09246EBD37FDC1DAE71981A7BE" box="[609,702,1189,1215]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" unit="m" value="2030.0">2030 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF66DA8E1E4DA65B" blockId="112.[151,1437,918,1757]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
In central
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FEF5DA8E1ADFA7E7" box="[341,480,1228,1254]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
specimens occur on three separate Cordilleras; Pacific slope on Tilarán (Monteverde), Atlantic slope on Central (Barva); and Pacific and Atlantic slope on Central. Specimens from Tilarán (Monteverde) have unbranched inflorescences, as does one specimen from Central. Specimens from Barva and the Pacific and Atlantic slopes of Central are small in size and similar to those from
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FB51DB021E52A65B" box="[1265,1389,1344,1370]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF66DB2419A3A51A" blockId="112.[151,1437,918,1757]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
In eastern
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FEE5DB241AF8A681" box="[325,455,1382,1408]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and western
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C246EBD37FDC8DB2419F7A681" box="[616,712,1382,1408]" name="Panama" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">Panama</collectingCountry>
, on the Talamanca, some specimens are also small
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FA92DB241ACCA6A6" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">(Davidse 26197, Fletes 1, Gamboa 708</emphasis>
) but the others are the largest of any area, and occur at higher elevations. These specimens occur sympatrically with large specimens of
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FCF7DBF61F42A6CF" box="[855,1149,1460,1486]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="edulis">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FCF7DBF618EEA6CF" box="[855,977,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">G. undata</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FB92DBF61F42A6CF" box="[1074,1149,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">edulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D246EBD37FB2EDBF61EA2A6CF" author="Hammel, B. &amp; Grayum, M. &amp; Herrera, C. &amp; Zamora, N." box="[1166,1437,1460,1486]" journalOrPublisher="Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, USA" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" pagination="1 - 694" refId="ref122538" refString="Hammel, B., Grayum, M., Herrera, C. &amp; Zamora, N. (2003) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Volumen II. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, USA, pp. 1 - 694." title="Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Volumen II" type="book chapter" year="2003">
Hammel
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FAA0DBF71E7FA6CF" box="[1280,1344,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
considered that larger specimens of
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FD9ADB991811A6F4" box="[570,814,1499,1525]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="orbignyana" subSpecies="hoffmanniana">
subsp.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FD2BDB991811A6F4" box="[651,814,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">hoffmanniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FCFDDB991F1FA6F4" authorityName="Wendland ex Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[861,1056,1499,1525]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hoffmanniana">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FCFDDB991F1FA6F4" box="[861,1056,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">G. hoffmanniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and sympatric
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FB7BDB991E4CA6F4" box="[1243,1395,1499,1525]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="undata" subSpecies="edulis">
subsp.
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FA8DDB991E4CA6F4" box="[1325,1395,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">edulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F246EBD37FF37D8431BC2A51A" authorityName="Wendland ex Spruce" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,253,1537,1563]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="112" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FF37D8431BC2A51A" box="[151,253,1537,1563]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">G. edulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) were virtually indistinguishable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725E36EC246EBD37FF66D86A1E31A5DC" blockId="112.[151,1437,918,1757]" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">
There is geographical variation in this subspecies. Regression shows there are significant associations between elevation and one plant, three leaf, and one inflorescence variable. Squared multiple
<emphasis id="4095EAFE246EBD37FA8ED8121E7EA568" box="[1326,1345,1616,1641]" italics="true" pageId="112" pageNumber="113">R</emphasis>
for the regression of stem height on elevation is 0.32, rachis width 0.24, basal pinna length 0.43, apical pinna length 0.33, and peduncle width 0.17. Values of these variables increase with increasing elevation. Stems become taller, rachis wider, basal and apical pinnae longer and peduncles wider with increasing elevation.
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