255 lines
31 KiB
XML
255 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="2259FDCE7969C8B3E2CDEE5D0EEA2E2C" ID-CLB-Dataset="24911" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538362" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573511149647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2011" docId="FA4887FA2458BD0FFF37DB041A94A72A" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.17.1.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geonoma euspatha Burret 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="0671FF82241EBD47FFA0DE421B3FA301" masterDocTitle="A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="271" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1698765326825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="29A25F31421403AF7FB69265E5CE7FF3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="65BA2640C2746253EB0B6C079D1E811A">
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<mods:title id="D9D78867978EFA205CC3D4440A13A9FC">A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="96EA2D905998423CA3D8349A7FD1DE4B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D9BF687ABBB6DE6B63DD8026A91D17B1">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C340F6D4BD9F2079B335A838265CC4A1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B1BA8E90905ADA35AC3BDFF8B79648AE">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DE728EB955F6E1743EA51C05BE6265EC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="D03067BAD30E781DC9A1F8EAF83B4A58">
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<mods:title id="C2609F42408548593034C453AD8629AE">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D031FEF863BCE770AF37533DD4EA34DC">
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<mods:date id="62EF753AE868B5FD380E10B5955C22F0">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="384CE9B8EB5A759476A7F7834B8ACBC5" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="484397209E3CAC6A6B72ADDE2CD2E162">2011-02-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="96692D71B9E01B86D1862F850137B2F4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="78C6ADAD273E5FC4887C8C166B88C755">17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="ABDEA13729692A426DD8BF89C189BD91" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="8F12B004146248C5544CF10556856862">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="279DDDE307A15B9B02BD539EF3C0FA5C">271</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="39D5AF75569068F5AA5720A261AC4ED7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="619037A9A455D7CA3023A762B3DB19CA" type="CLB-Dataset">24911</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="93B096C83B9DBEB0FBC93AB980F70F24" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DC4CC467D649DD46BA9AD8AC4F56E063" type="GBIF-Dataset">65962ba7-eec1-40e7-aed6-cef94e99ca39</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7DF595CFDC370913AAF9C4F345E84566" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D00ED2B21B7B510091B2F337A09123C0" type="Zenodo-Dep">3538362</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FA4887FA2458BD0FFF37DB041A94A72A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5608986" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160342461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5608986" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4887FA2458BD0FFF37DB041A94A72A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA2458BD0FFF37DB041A94A72A" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672458BD01FF37DB041EA3A661" box="[151,1436,1349,1377]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2458BD01FF37DB041EA3A661" blockId="70.[151,1436,1349,1484]" box="[151,1436,1349,1377]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FF37DB041B83A661" bold="true" box="[151,188,1350,1376]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">21.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2458BD01FF62DB0419B1A661" ID-CoL="3FQJT" authority="Burret (1930 c: 10)" authorityName="Burret" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1930" box="[194,654,1349,1376]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="euspatha">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FF62DB041A94A661" bold="true" box="[194,427,1349,1376]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Geonoma euspatha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2458BD01FE12DB0419B1A661" author="Burret, M." box="[434,654,1350,1376]" journalOrPublisher="Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin- Dahlem" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" pagination="1 - 19" part="11" refId="ref121080" refString="Burret, M. (1930 c) Plantae novae austroamericanae. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin- Dahlem, 11: 1 - 19." title="Plantae novae austroamericanae" type="journal article" year="1930">Burret (1930c: 10)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2458BD01FD39DB0419E7A661" box="[665,728,1350,1376]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Type</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2458BD01FD42DB0418BCA661" box="[738,899,1350,1376]" name="Colombia" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2458BD01FC2DDB0418CDA661" box="[909,1010,1350,1376]" country="Colombia" name="Caqueta" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Caquetá</collectingRegion>
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: Sucre,
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<date id="065F102C2458BD01FBECDB041FDAA661" box="[1100,1253,1350,1376]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" value="1926-07-10">10 July 1926</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FB51DB041EA3A661" box="[1265,1436,1350,1377]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">G. Woronow &</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672458BD01FF37DB2D1917A686" box="[151,552,1389,1416]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="description">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2458BD01FF37DB2D1917A686" blockId="70.[151,1436,1349,1484]" box="[151,552,1389,1416]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FF37DB2D1A53A686" box="[151,364,1389,1416]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">J. Juzepczuk 5885</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2458BD01FEDADB2F1ADDA686" box="[378,482,1389,1415]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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LE!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672458BD00FF37DBD6185BA15A" lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2458BD01FF37DBD618EAA6CA" blockId="70.[151,1436,1349,1484]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="52F111C22458BD01FF37DBD618EAA6CA" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2458BD01FF37DBD6194DA6AA" ID-CoL="3FQLC" authority="Steyermark (1951: 88)" authorityName="Steyermark" authorityPageNumber="88" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,626,1428,1451]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karuaiana">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FF37DBD61A4BA6AA" box="[151,372,1428,1451]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Geonoma karuaiana</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="F34010FD2458BD01FEDCDBD6194DA6AA" author="Steyermark, J." box="[380,626,1428,1451]" page="88" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" year="1951">
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<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2458BD01FEDCDBD6194DA6AA" author="Steyermark, J." box="[380,626,1428,1451]" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana: Botany" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" pagination="71 - 92" part="28" refId="ref124517" refString="Steyermark, J. (1951) Palmae. Fieldiana: Botany 28: 71 - 92." title="Palmae" type="journal article" year="1951">Steyermark (1951: 88)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type:
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2458BD01FD62DBD6185BA6AA" box="[706,868,1428,1451]" name="Venezuela" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2458BD01FCCFDBD618FCA6AA" box="[879,963,1428,1451]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
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: Río Karuai, base of Sororopán-teupí, W of La Laja,
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<quantity id="B5199B092458BD01FE87DBF61A46A6CA" box="[295,377,1460,1483]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="1220.0">1220 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="065F102C2458BD01FE24DBF6196AA6CA" box="[388,597,1460,1483]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" value="1944-11-29">29 November 1944</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FDFFDBF71804A6CA" box="[607,827,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">J. Steyermark 60789</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2458BD01FCE8DBF61898A6CA" box="[840,935,1460,1483]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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F!).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2458BD00FF37DBB9185BA15A" blockId="70.[151,1437,1531,2021]" lastBlockId="71.[151,1437,152,758]" lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FF37DBB91BDCA514" box="[151,227,1531,1557]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Plants</emphasis>
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1.9(0.4–3.0) m tall; stems 1.0(0.2–3.0) m tall, 1.2(0.6–1.7) cm in diameter, solitary or clustered, not cane-like or cane-like; internodes 0.9(0.3–2.2) cm long, yellowish and smooth.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FBC7D8601F84A53A" box="[1127,1211,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Leaves</emphasis>
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9(5–14) per stem, undivided or irregularly pinnate, not plicate, bases of blades running diagonally into the rachis; sheaths 16.6(8.5–22.5) cm long; petioles 46.5(11.0–76.0) cm long, drying green or yellowish; rachis 45.4(22.0–85.0) cm long, 3.2(1.9–4.7) mm in diameter; veins raised and rectangular in cross-section adaxially; pinnae 3(1–6) per side of rachis; basal pinna 38.8(20.0–63.5) cm long, 5.9(1.5–19.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 44(27– 71)° with the rachis; apical pinna 27.7(15.0–35.5) cm long, 14.0(7.7–22.5) cm wide, forming an angle of 28(14–37)° with the rachis.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2458BD01FE46D94B19AFA422" box="[486,656,1801,1827]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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branched 1–2 orders; prophylls and peduncular bracts not ribbed with elongate, unbranched fibers, persistent; prophylls 21.2(9.0–31.0) cm long, not short and asymmetrically apiculate, the surfaces not ridged, without unequally wide ridges; peduncular bracts 20.2(8.0–26.0) cm long, well-developed, inserted 6.8(0.3–14.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 30.3(6.5–46.0) cm long, 4.3(2.1– 7.6) mm in diameter; rachillae 13(2–21), 12.8(5.5–19.0) cm long, 2.4(1.5–3.4) mm in diameter, the surfaces without spiky, fibrous projections or ridges, drying brown, with faint to pronounced, short, transverse ridges, not filiform and not narrowed between the flower pits; flower pits spirally arranged, densely hairy internally proximally and distally; proximal lips without a central notch before anthesis, not recurved after anthesis, hood-shaped at anthesis, sometimes splitting post-anthesis; proximal and distal lips drying the same color as the rachillae, not joined to form a raised cupule; distal lips absent; staminate and pistillate petals not emergent, not valvate throughout; staminate flowers deciduous after anthesis; stamens 6; thecae diverging at anthesis, inserted almost directly onto the filament apices, the connectives bifid but scarcely developed; anthers short and curled over at anthesis; non-fertilized pistillate flowers persistent or deciduous after anthesis; staminodial tubes crenulate or shallowly lobed at the apex, those of non-fertilized pistillate flowers not projecting and persistent after anthesis;
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FE6EDF8F192FA2E6" box="[462,528,461,487]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">fruits</emphasis>
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6.3(4.9–8.4) mm long, 5.1(3.9–6.8) mm in diameter, the bases without a prominent stipe, the apices not conical, the surfaces not splitting at maturity, without fibers emerging, bumpy from the numerous, subepidermal, tangential, short fibers present, these coming to a point at fruit apices; locular epidermis without operculum, smooth, without pores.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AFB65672459BD0FFF37DC2A1A94A72A" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="725E36EC2459BD00FF37DC2A1FF5A1F7" blockId="71.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FF37DC2A193CA183" bold="true" box="[151,515,616,642]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
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From
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<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B2459BD00FDEFDC2A1981A183" box="[591,702,616,642]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="925" value="5.866667">5°52’N–</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B2459BD00FD1EDC2A181FA183" box="[702,800,616,642]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="925" value="-17.383333">17°23’S</geoCoordinate>
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and 49°15’–
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<geoCoordinate id="17D5502B2459BD00FC60DC2A1F0BA183" box="[960,1076,616,642]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" precision="925" value="-78.583336">78°35’W</geoCoordinate>
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on eastern Andean slopes in
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FF37DCCC1A27A1A9" box="[151,280,654,680]" name="Colombia" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FE85DCCC1AAEA1A9" box="[293,401,654,680]" name="Ecuador" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FE00DCCC1AE1A1A9" box="[416,478,654,680]" name="Peru" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FD83DCCC19BAA1A9" box="[547,645,654,680]" name="Bolivia" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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, the Guayana Highland region and outlying montane areas in
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FF37DCF71A29A1CE" box="[151,278,693,719]" name="Venezuela" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FE83DCF71A4FA1CE" box="[291,368,693,719]" name="Brazil" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FEDDDCF71AE1A1CE" box="[381,478,693,719]" name="Guyana" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FE4BDCF7195DA1CE" box="[491,610,693,719]" name="Suriname" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FD03DCF71866A1CE" box="[675,857,693,719]" name="French Guiana" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
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, and just reaching the Amazon region of
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<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2459BD00FAF2DCF71EA3A1CE" box="[1362,1436,693,719]" name="Brazil" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(Pará,
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<collectingRegion id="B025F80E2459BD00FF43DC9E1A65A1F7" box="[227,346,732,758]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Rôndonia</collectingRegion>
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), at 735(200–1630) m elevation in lowland to montane rainforest (
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<figureCitation id="EADA2A692459BD00FBC5DC9E1F83A1F7" box="[1125,1212,732,758]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="71.[151,260,1845,1868]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,810,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[151,1436,795,1847]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 18. Distribution maps of Geonoma euspatha, G. ferruginea subsp. ferruginea, G. ferruginea subsp. microspadix, and G. ferruginea subsp. nicaraguensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3538398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3538398/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="269E66642459BD00FF37D97719F0A46E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3538398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3538398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3538398/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" startId="71.[151,260,1845,1868]" targetBox="[164,1424,810,1829]" targetPageId="71">
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||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2459BD00FF37D97719F0A46E" blockId="71.[151,1437,1845,1904]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FF37D9771A15A44D" bold="true" box="[151,298,1845,1868]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 18</emphasis>
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. Distribution maps of
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2459BD00FD98D9771826A44D" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[568,793,1845,1868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="euspatha">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FD98D9771826A44D" box="[568,793,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Geonoma euspatha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2459BD00FC89D9771F9FA44D" authority="subsp. ferruginea" box="[809,1184,1845,1868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="ferruginea" subSpecies="ferruginea">
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FC89D9771805A44D" box="[809,826,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">G</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FCEBD97718F8A44D" box="[843,967,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ferruginea</emphasis>
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subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FB81D9771F9FA44D" box="[1057,1184,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ferruginea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FB00D9771F9BA44D" box="[1184,1188,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2459BD00FB0DD9771A25A46E" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="ferruginea" subSpecies="microspadix">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FB0DD9771F80A44D" box="[1197,1215,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FB6FD9771E74A44D" box="[1231,1355,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ferruginea</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FF37D91A1A25A46E" box="[151,282,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">microspadix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2459BD00FEF4D91A19F7A471" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2011" box="[340,712,1880,1904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="ferruginea" subSpecies="nicaraguensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FEF4D91A1A5BA46E" box="[340,356,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FED1D91A1ADDA46E" box="[369,482,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">ferruginea</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FD93D91B19F7A471" box="[563,712,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">nicaraguensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2459BD0FFF37D9DD193DA272" blockId="71.[151,1437,1951,2015]" lastBlockId="72.[151,1437,152,1067]" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FF37D9DD1AA9A4B8" bold="true" box="[151,406,1951,1977]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2459BD00FE36D9DD1941A4B8" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[406,638,1951,1977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="euspatha">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD00FE36D9DD1941A4B8" box="[406,638,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Geonoma euspatha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the first species to be treated here of a group of related species characterized by its lack of a distal lip of the flower pit and flower pits hairy internally. This group, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2459BD0FFA23D9871A2CA3B3" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1823" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" order="Arecales" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2459BD0FFA23D9871A2CA3B3" italics="true" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">G. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade, also includes
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFDB5DEDA1F02A3B3" box="[533,1085,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFDB5DEDA19F5A3B3" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[533,714,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frontinensis">G. frontinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFD77DEDA1846A3B3" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1823" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" box="[727,889,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="interrupta">G. interrupta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFC26DEDA1F02A3B3" authorityName="Willdenow" authorityYear="1805" box="[902,1085,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnatifrons">G. pinnatifrons</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFB22DEDA1E7CA3B3" authorityName="Willdenow" authorityYear="1805" box="[1154,1347,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplicifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFB22DEDA1E7CA3B3" box="[1154,1347,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">G. simplicifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These species have had a checkered taxonomic history.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFD74DEFC1888A3D9" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[724,951,190,216]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="euspatha">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFD74DEFC1888A3D9" box="[724,951,190,216]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Geonoma euspatha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFBDCDEFC1E2DA3D8" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1823" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" box="[1148,1298,190,217]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFBDCDEFC1E2DA3D8" box="[1148,1298,190,217]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">G. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2456BD0FFA9EDEFC1A16A3FE" author="Wessels Boer, J." journalOrPublisher="E. J. Bril, Leiden" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 172" refId="ref124782" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1965) Flora of Suriname. Palmae. E. J. Bril, Leiden, pp. 1 - 172." title="Flora of Suriname. Palmae" type="book chapter" year="1965">Wessels Boer (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but later reinstated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2456BD0FFDBFDEA71832A3FE" author="Wessels Boer, J." box="[543,781,229,255]" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 202" part="58" refId="ref124810" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." title="The geonomoid palms" type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels Boer, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFC70DEA71F58A3FE" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1823" baseAuthorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" box="[976,1127,229,255]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFC70DEA71F58A3FE" box="[976,1127,229,255]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">G. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFB01DEA71E65A3FE" authorityName="Willdenow" authorityYear="1805" box="[1185,1370,229,255]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplicifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFB01DEA71E65A3FE" box="[1185,1370,229,255]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">G. simplicifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its flower pits which are densely hairy internally proximally and distally; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFBF2DF4E1E38A227" authorityName="Burret" authorityYear="1930" box="[1106,1287,268,294]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFBF2DF4E1E38A227" box="[1106,1287,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">G. frontinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in rachillae surfaces with faint to pronounced, short, transverse ridges; and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5E14D6F2456BD0FFC71DF701FBDA24D" authorityName="Willdenow" authorityYear="1805" box="[977,1154,306,332]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnatifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFC71DF701FBDA24D" box="[977,1154,306,332]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">G. pinnatifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its prophyll surfaces without unequally wide ridges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2456BD0FFF66DFC21F82A183" blockId="72.[151,1437,152,1067]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFF66DFC21ACAA29B" bold="true" box="[198,501,384,410]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Subspecific variation:—</emphasis>
|
||
Three traits vary within this species (stem branching, stem
|
||
<typeStatus id="AD5A884E2456BD0FFB15DFC21FD5A29B" box="[1205,1258,384,410]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, leaf division). There is geographic discontinuity and the species occurs in two areas: eastern Andean slopes of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFABFDFE41EA7A2C1" box="[1311,1432,422,448]" name="Colombia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFF37DF8F1BC0A2E6" box="[151,255,461,487]" name="Ecuador" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFEACDF8F1A77A2E6" box="[268,328,461,487]" name="Peru" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFE2ADF8F1AD6A2E6" box="[394,489,461,487]" name="Bolivia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
; and the Guayana Highland region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFC63DF8F1F7EA2E6" box="[963,1089,461,487]" name="Venezuela" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
and adjacent
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFB4EDF8F1E06A2E6" box="[1262,1337,461,487]" name="Brazil" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Guianas. There are also outliers in the Amazon region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFCF0DFB618A2A10F" box="[848,925,500,526]" name="Brazil" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Excluding the Amazon outliers, of which there are only four specimens, specimens from eastern Andean slopes differ significantly from Guayana Highland/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0AF6767C2456BD0FFEADDC031A5DA15A" box="[269,354,577,603]" name="Guyana" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens in only four variables (rachis width, basal pinna width, peduncular bract length, number of rachillae)(
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFE30DC2B1AA7A183" box="[400,408,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">t</emphasis>
|
||
-test,
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFE79DC2B1AD4A183" box="[473,491,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05). Based on these results, no subspecies are recognized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="725E36EC2456BD0FFF66DCCC1A94A72A" blockId="72.[151,1437,152,1067]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
There is geographical variation in this species. Regression shows there are significant (
|
||
<emphasis id="4095EAFE2456BD0FFA8CDCD21E01A1A8" box="[1324,1342,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.05) associations between elevation and one stem, three leaf, and nine inflorescence variables. Squared multiple R for the regression of stem diameter on elevation is 0.54, sheath length 0.44, basal pinna angle 0.22, apical pinna length 0.50, prophyll length 0.38, peduncle length 0.43, peduncle width 0.12, interbract distance 0.42, rachilla length 0.19, rachilla width 0.08, number of rachillae 0.13, fruit length 0.40, and fruit diameter 0.21. Stem diameter, sheath length, prophyll length, interbract distance, peduncle length, and rachilla length decrease with elevation, and basal pinna angle, apical pinna length, peduncle width, rachis width, rachilla width, number of rachillae, and fruit length and diameter increase with elevation. In particular, inflorescences change with increasing elevation, with prophylls and interbract distances becoming shorter, peduncles shorter and wider, rachillae fewer, shorter, and narrower, and fruits larger.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16704B1D2456BD0FFC0CDDA81F9DA705" author="Wessels Boer, J." box="[940,1186,1002,1028]" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 202" part="58" refId="ref124810" refString="Wessels Boer, J. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." title="The geonomoid palms" type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels Boer (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented on these changes with elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |