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<document id="C6C2BB47F86431E221159C229F3B7E33" ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.051.0212" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7913777" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1683579024145" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Londt, Jason G. H." docDate="2010" docId="FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.51.2.431-482.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 51 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.051.0212" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.4:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Afroholopogon futilis Londt 2010, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="461" masterDocId="067C286FFFE4AD7BFFED75294D5FFFC2" masterDocTitle="A review of Afrotropical Acnephalum Macquart, 1838, including the reinstatement of Sporadothrix Hermann, 1907 and descriptions of two new genera (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae)" masterLastPageNumber="431" masterPageNumber="431" pageNumber="459" updateTime="1699499549940" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="89507724CBE02454A70341276DBB58F4">A review of Afrotropical Acnephalum Macquart, 1838, including the reinstatement of Sporadothrix Hermann, 1907 and descriptions of two new genera (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="02223E3E1DBC5BA27BED9522B2F7386F">Londt, Jason G. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B91D372E08E87DFFDC33B7CF91E0CA6F">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<treatment id="FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<subSubSection id="3AF6B28AFFF8AD67FE9E76A74E32FC6A" box="[371,877,910,936]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD67FE9E76A74E32FC6A" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" box="[371,877,910,936]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<heading id="291B566DFFF8AD67FE9E76A74E32FC6A" box="[371,877,910,936]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF8AD67FE9E76A74FA0FC6A" ID-CoL="9HY4Y" authority="(Wulp, 1899)" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Wulp" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[371,767,910,936]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futilis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FE9E76A74F3CFC6A" box="[371,611,910,936]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Afroholopogon futilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF8AD67FD9C76A74FA8FC6A" author="WULP, F. M. VAN DER" box="[625,759,910,936]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" pagination="81 - 98" refId="ref39374" refString="WULP, F. M. VAN DER. 1899. Asilidae from Aden and its neighbourhood. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1899: 81 - 98." type="journal article" year="1899">Wulp, 1899</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FCEB76A74E32FC6A" bold="true" box="[774,877,910,936]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAB8068FFF8AD67FCEB76A74E32FC6A" box="[774,877,910,936]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AF6B28AFFF8AD67FDCF769F4FE1FC13" box="[546,702,950,977]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" type="description">
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD67FDCF769F4FE1FC13" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" box="[546,702,950,977]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<figureCitation id="EAD7FD84FFF8AD67FDCF769F4F36FC12" box="[546,617,950,976]" captionStart="Figs 15" captionStartId="41.[181,220,1411,1433]" captionTargetBox="[194,1125,361,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-9@41.[181,1141,348,1396]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figs 15. Appearance of entire specimens: (1) Acnephalomyia andrenoides (Wiedemann, 1828) [lectotype ♂ Dasypogon quadratus Wiedemann, 1828]; (2) Afroholopogon futilis (Wulp, 1899) [lectotype ♂ Acnephalum futilis Wulp, 1899]; (3) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, ♂ from 65 km SE Noenieput; (4) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n., holotype ♂; (5) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n., paratype ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7913781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7913781/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EAD7FD84FFF8AD67FD98769F4FE1FC13" box="[629,702,950,977]" captionStart="Figs 5263" captionStartId="47.[181,220,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[208,1129,313,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-58@47.[181,1141,309,1464]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figs 5263. Male terminalia: (5254) Afroholopogon futilis (Wulp, 1899) lectotype, lateral, dorsal and ventral; (5557) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, holotype, lateral, dorsal and ventral; (5860) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n. holotype,lateral, dorsal and ventral; (6163) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n. holotype lateral, dorsal and ventral. Scale lines = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7913797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7913797/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">5254</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AF6B28AFFF8AD67FF7D76F34EEAFBCA" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD67FF7D76F3490EFC2D" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" box="[144,1105,986,1008]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52FCC62FFFF8AD67FF7D76F3490EFC2D" box="[144,1105,986,1008]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<treatmentCitation id="F34DC710FFF8AD67FF7D76F34C9BFC2D" author="WULP, F. M. VAN DER" box="[144,452,986,1008]" page="87" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" year="1899">
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF8AD67FF7D76F34C9BFC2D" ID-CoL="9FLV" authority=": Wulp 1899: 87" authorityName=": Wulp" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1899" box="[144,452,986,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futile">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FF7D76F34C6AFC2D" box="[144,309,986,1007]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Acnephalum futile</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF8AD67FED276F34C9BFC2D" author="WULP, F. M. VAN DER" box="[319,452,986,1008]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" pagination="81 - 98" refId="ref39374" refString="WULP, F. M. VAN DER. 1899. Asilidae from Aden and its neighbourhood. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1899: 81 - 98." type="journal article" year="1899">Wulp 1899: 87</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(pl. II, fig. 11 wing venation);
<treatmentCitation id="F34DC710FFF8AD67FD3976F34E32FC2D" author="KERTESZ, C." box="[724,877,986,1007]" page="88" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF8AD67FD3976F34E32FC2D" author="KERTESZ, C." box="[724,877,986,1007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref38667" refString="KERTESZ, C. 1909. Catalogus dipterorum hucusque descriptorum. IV. Oncodidae, Nemestrinidae, Mydaidae, Apioceridae, Asilidae. Budapest: Museum Nationale Hungaricum, pp. 1 - 348." type="book chapter" year="1909">Kertesz 1909: 88</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue);
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF8AD67FC0E76F3490EFC2D" author="ENGEL, E. O." box="[995,1105,986,1008]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" pagination="321 - 384" refId="ref38524" refString="ENGEL, E. O. 1929. Asilidae [part]. Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region 24: 257 - 320, 321 - 384." type="journal article" year="1929">Engel 1929:</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD67FF3D76DB4EEAFBCA" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" box="[208,949,1010,1032]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
277;
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF8AD67FF1376DB4CD5FBC5" author="HULL, F. M." box="[254,394,1010,1032]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" pagination="1 - 430" refId="ref38622" refString="HULL, F. M. 1962. Robber flies of the World. The genera of the family Asilidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 224 (1): 1 - 430, (2): 431 - 907." type="journal article" year="1962">Hull 1962: 192</bibRefCitation>
; Oldroyd 1981: 359 (catalogue);
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF8AD67FD5A76DB4E1CFBC5" author="LEHR, P. A." box="[695,835,1010,1032]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" refId="ref38702" refString="LEHR, P. A. 1988. Family Asilidae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L., eds, Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 5. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 197 - 326." type="book" year="1988">Lehr 1988: 232</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AF6B28AFFF8AD65FF47713F490FFDEC" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" type="description">
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD67FF47713F4E5EFB73" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
On receipt of the
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF8AD67FE98713E4CFAFBF3" box="[373,421,1047,1073]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">type</typeStatus>
material it was immediately apparent that
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF8AD67FC7D713F4E8FFBF2" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Wulp" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[912,976,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futilis">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FC7D713F4E8FFBF2" box="[912,976,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">futilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should not have been described in
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF8AD67FE7C711F4F42FB92" box="[401,541,1078,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FE7C711F4F42FB92" box="[401,541,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Acnephalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the specimens fail to display the diagnostic characteristics of the genus. Indeed, it is doubtful that any researcher has consulted the
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF8AD67FBF8717E490FFBB3" box="[1045,1104,1111,1137]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">types</typeStatus>
since their original description. The species is fully congeneric with
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF8AD67FC4A715F490FFB52" authorityName=": Londt" authorityYear="1994" box="[935,1104,1142,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FC4A715F490FFB52" box="[935,1104,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Afroholopogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is therefore unhesitatingly transferred to that genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD67FF7D71974E6EFB3A" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
Redescription (Format follows that of Londt (2005). Based on
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF8AD67FCA771974EEEFB1A" box="[842,945,1214,1240]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="EAD7FD84FFF8AD67FC527197495BFB1A" box="[959,1028,1214,1240]" captionStart="Figs 15" captionStartId="41.[181,220,1411,1433]" captionTargetBox="[194,1125,361,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-9@41.[181,1141,348,1396]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figs 15. Appearance of entire specimens: (1) Acnephalomyia andrenoides (Wiedemann, 1828) [lectotype ♂ Dasypogon quadratus Wiedemann, 1828]; (2) Afroholopogon futilis (Wulp, 1899) [lectotype ♂ Acnephalum futilis Wulp, 1899]; (3) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, ♂ from 65 km SE Noenieput; (4) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n., holotype ♂; (5) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n., paratype ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7913781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7913781/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Condition: Excellent; right antenna broken off beyond pedicel.):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD67FF7D702F4EE4FA03" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FF7D702F4D93FAE2" box="[144,204,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Head</emphasis>
: Antenna: Dark red­brown, fine silver pruinose, white setose; segmental formula 1.0:1.1:3.3:0.3:1.3. Face black, entirely silver pruinose, mystax white, extending to antennal sockets, with vertical asetose strip medially. Face width:head width ratio 1.0:4.4. Frons and vertex black, frons apruinose except for silver lateral areas and a central spot. Vertex apruinose, fine white setose. Occiput dark red­brown to black, entirely silver pruinose, white setose. Proboscis and palpi dark red-brown, white setose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF8AD66FF7D70E74EDFFEA4" blockId="28.[144,1105,910,1673]" lastBlockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FF7D70E74DBEFA2A" box="[144,225,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">Thorax</emphasis>
: Mesonotum black, silver pruinose except for extensive apruinose spots and stripes, setae short, white (absent on some apruinose areas). Setation:
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FC7170C64EE9F9CA" box="[924,950,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">ac</emphasis>
short white setulae;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FF0173274C59F9EA" box="[236,262,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">dc</emphasis>
short white;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FE4373274C8DF9EA" box="[430,466,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">npl</emphasis>
2 pale yellow-white;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FD3673274E55F9EA" box="[731,778,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">spal</emphasis>
absent;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF8AD67FC9173274EFFF9EA" box="[892,928,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="459">pal</emphasis>
1 white. Scutellum black, entirely apruinose, disc asetose, margin with 7, white, medially directed, quite short apical macrosetae arranged in a single row. Pleura black, extensively silver pruinose, white setose. Wing 3.6×
<quantity id="B5144CE4FFF8AD67FDCE73474F20F94B" box="[547,639,1646,1673]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, transparent, membrane entirely microtrichose, basal angle of cell r
<subScript id="EE68E344FFF9AD66FDE575F74F4FFF2E" attach="left" box="[520,528,222,236]" fontSize="6" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">4</subScript>
19°. Haltere with pale yellow knob and light brown stalk. Legs:
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FEA875C54C01FEC7" box="[325,350,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">cx</emphasis>
dark red-brown, silver pruinose, white setose; trochanters dark red-brown;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FEE274254C68FEE4" box="[271,311,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">fem</emphasis>
red-brown with brown-orange distal end, pale yellow and white setose;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF5874054D8CFE84" box="[181,211,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">tib</emphasis>
orange-brown, pale yellowish setose (few black ventrodistally);
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FC4774054E94FE87" box="[938,971,300,325]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">tar</emphasis>
orange-brown, pale yellowish (dorsally) and dark red-brown (ventrally) setose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF58745D4C51FDAC" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF58745D4C40FE4C" box="[181,287,372,398]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Terga dark red-brown, shiny apruinose except for silver areas posterolaterally (that extend medially to almost centre of tergum, but not along posterior margin), white setose. Sterna dark red-brown. silver pruinose, short white setose. Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="EAD7FD84FFF9AD66FBFE749D4D8AFE2C" captionStart="Figs 5263" captionStartId="47.[181,220,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[208,1129,313,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-58@47.[181,1141,309,1464]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figs 5263. Male terminalia: (5254) Afroholopogon futilis (Wulp, 1899) lectotype, lateral, dorsal and ventral; (5557) Sporadothrix gracilis Hermann, 1907, holotype, lateral, dorsal and ventral; (5860) Ammodaimon platythrix sp. n. holotype,lateral, dorsal and ventral; (6163) Astiptomyia bikos sp. n. holotype lateral, dorsal and ventral. Scale lines = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7913797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7913797/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Figs 52 54</figureCitation>
): Hypopygium unrotated;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FE1474FD4F62FE2C" box="[505,573,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">epand</emphasis>
(in dorsal view) quite short (about as long as
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FBDE74FD493AFE2F" box="[1075,1125,468,493]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">proc</emphasis>
), shallowly incised to form short distolateral lobes;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FD3074DD4E7FFDCF" box="[733,800,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">goncx</emphasis>
externally distally bilobed and projecting (in lateral view) to a level beyond that reached by
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FCB7773D4EC1FDEC" box="[858,926,532,558]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">epand</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FC40773D4EBCFDEC" box="[941,995,532,558]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">hypd</emphasis>
(laterally) of moderate length (longer than external lobe of
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FD56771D4FA1FD8F" box="[699,766,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">goncx</emphasis>
) and (ventrally) broadly rounded distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF5877554C5CFD74" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
Variation:
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FEC777554C9DFD54" box="[298,450,636,662]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
slightly smaller (wing
<quantity id="B5144CE4FFF9AD66FD2977554E46FD54" box="[708,793,636,662]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
long), otherwise similar to
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FBA177554DA0FD74" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF5877E94F20FCDE" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FF5877E94C4CFD17" box="[181,275,704,725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="64EA2A88FFF9AD66FEF677E94C73FD17" box="[283,300,704,725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="male"></specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="0AFBA191FFF9AD66FEDF77964C8AFD17" box="[306,469,703,725]" name="Yemen" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">SOUTH YEMEN</collectingCountry>
:
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FE3077964F6DFD17" box="[477,562,703,725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, S. W. Arabia, /
<collectingRegion id="B0282FE3FFF9AD66FD2477964FA2FD17" box="[713,765,703,725]" country="Yemen" name="'Adan" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Aden</collectingRegion>
. [
<geoCoordinate id="17D887C6FFF9AD66FCE677964E06FD17" box="[779,857,703,725]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" precision="925" value="12.766666">12°46'N</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="17D887C6FFF9AD66FCB177964EF8FD17" box="[860,935,703,725]" degrees="45" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" precision="925" value="45.016666">45°01'E</geoCoordinate>
] / Capt. Feb. 13.95 / &amp; pres. 1899 by / J. W. Yerbury glued to A. / capt. in / cop. with / B., Type. / v.d.Wulp,
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FC3977F14901FD2F" box="[980,1118,728,749]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Trans. Ent. Soc</emphasis>
., / 1899, page 87, / pl. ii, fig.11.,
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FE2777C64F65FCC6" box="[458,570,751,772]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FE2777C64F65FCC6" box="[458,570,751,772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Acnephalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FDA577C64F29FCC6" authorityName=": Wulp" authorityYear="1899" box="[584,630,751,772]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futile">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FDA577C64F29FCC6" box="[584,630,751,772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">futile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. s., 1899 / 7704, 4, Type Dip: 154 1/2 /
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FBEB77C64929FCC6" box="[1030,1142,751,772]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FBEB77C64929FCC6" box="[1030,1142,751,772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Acnephalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FF2C762E4DB0FCDE" authorityName=": Wulp" authorityYear="1899" box="[193,239,775,796]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futile">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF2C762E4DB0FCDE" box="[193,239,775,796]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">futile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ v.d. Wulp / Hope Dept. Oxford (OXUM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF58760E4CCBFC46" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FF58760E4C6CFCFF" box="[181,307,807,829]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="64EA2A88FFF9AD66FED176014C12FCFF" box="[316,333,808,829]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="female"></specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="0AFBA191FFF9AD66FEBF760E4CA9FCFF" box="[338,502,807,829]" name="Yemen" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">SOUTH YEMEN</collectingCountry>
: S. W. Arabia, /
<collectingRegion id="B0282FE3FFF9AD66FD60760E4F9EFCFF" box="[653,705,807,829]" country="Yemen" name="'Adan" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Aden</collectingRegion>
. / Capt. Feb. 13.95 / &amp; pres. 1899 by / J. W. Yerbury glued to B. / capt. in / cop. with / A., Type. / v.d.Wulp,
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FD0776694E2BFC97" box="[746,884,832,853]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Trans. Ent. Soc</emphasis>
., / 1899, page 87, / pl. ii, fig. 11.,
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FF06767E4C03FCAE" box="[235,348,855,876]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF06767E4C03FCAE" box="[235,348,855,876]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Acnephalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FE80767E4CC4FCAE" authorityName=": Wulp" authorityYear="1899" box="[365,411,855,876]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futile">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FE80767E4CC4FCAE" box="[365,411,855,876]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">futile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. s., 1899 / 7703, Type Dip: 154 2/2 /
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FCF6767E4ED3FCAE" box="[795,908,855,876]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FCF6767E4ED3FCAE" box="[795,908,855,876]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Acnephalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FC70767E4E94FCAE" authorityName=": Wulp" authorityYear="1899" box="[925,971,855,876]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futile">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FC70767E4E94FCAE" box="[925,971,855,876]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">futile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ v.d. Wulp / Hope Dept. Oxford (OXUM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF5876BD4E87FBF4" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FF5876BD4C7AFC6C" box="[181,293,916,942]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
designation:Wulp described the species on a pair in coitu, from Aden.As he did not designate a
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FE6E769D4CB7FC0C" box="[387,488,948,974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, the specimens are considered
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FCDC769D4EC8FC0C" box="[817,919,948,974]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
.For reasons of taxonomic stability I hereby designate the male as
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FD4676FD4E4DFC2C" box="[683,786,980,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
and the female as
<typeStatus id="AD575FA3FFF9AD66FC3576FD492CFC2C" box="[984,1139,980,1006]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
. Distribution, phenology and biology: The species is only known from the type locality. Specimens were collected in February. Nothing is known of its biology.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF58716C4E94FB5D" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
Similar species:
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF9AD66FE81716C4CA6FB9D" author="WULP, F. M. VAN DER" box="[364,505,1093,1119]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" pagination="81 - 98" refId="ref39374" refString="WULP, F. M. VAN DER. 1899. Asilidae from Aden and its neighbourhood. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1899: 81 - 98." type="journal article" year="1899">Wulp (1899)</bibRefCitation>
stated that
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FD9B716C4FEFFB9D" authorityName=": Wulp" authorityYear="1899" box="[630,688,1093,1119]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Acnephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futile">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FD9B716C4FEFFB9D" box="[630,688,1093,1119]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">futile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was closely allied to
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FC48716F4CFDFBBD" authorityName=": Wiedemann" authorityYear="1828" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Dasypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrenoides" subGenus="Acnephalum">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FC48716F497AFB9D" box="[933,1061,1094,1119]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Dasypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FBD9716C4C56FBBD" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Acnephalum</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FEF4714C4CFDFBBD" box="[281,418,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">andrenoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a comment echoed by
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFF9AD66FD42714C4E1BFBBD" author="ENGEL, E. O." box="[687,836,1125,1151]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" pagination="321 - 384" refId="ref38524" refString="ENGEL, E. O. 1929. Asilidae [part]. Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region 24: 257 - 320, 321 - 384." type="journal article" year="1929">Engel (1929)</bibRefCitation>
. The similarity is, however, minimal and it is surprising that Engel did not suspect a misallocation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF3D718C4FEFFA7D" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FF3D718C4C26FB7D" authorityName=": Londt" authorityYear="1994" box="[208,377,1189,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF3D718C4C26FB7D" box="[208,377,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Afroholopogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation id="C284EB5CFFF9AD66FE6C718C4FF4FA7D" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" location="Londt" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" specimenCount="1">
was fully revised by
<location id="7733B7DAFFF9AD66FD9D718C4FECFB7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC:7733B7DAFFF9AD66FD9D718C4FECFB7D" box="[624,691,1189,1215]" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" name="Londt" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Londt</location>
(2005), who gave an historical account together with redescriptions and descriptions of 17 species, most of which are
<location id="7733B7DAFFF9AD66FBF871EC4CE7FB3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC:7733B7DAFFF9AD66FBF871EC4CE7FB3D" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" name="southern African. Using Londt's" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">southern African. Using Londts</location>
key to species reveals that
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FD0571CC4E77FB3D" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Wulp" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[744,808,1253,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futilis">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FD0571CC4E77FB3D" box="[744,808,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">futilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
keys out at the end of the key together with three other species
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FDA0702C4FD4FADD" box="[589,651,1285,1311]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">dasys</emphasis>
<location id="7733B7DAFFF9AD66FD78702C4F84FADD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC:7733B7DAFFF9AD66FD78702C4F84FADD" box="[661,731,1285,1311]" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" name="Londt" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Londt</location>
, 2005,
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FCDC702C4EF1FADD" box="[817,942,1285,1311]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">pardosoros</emphasis>
<location id="7733B7DAFFF9AD66FC55702C4EA1FADD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC:7733B7DAFFF9AD66FC55702C4EA1FADD" box="[952,1022,1285,1311]" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" name="Londt" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Londt</location>
, 2005 and
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF58700F4C43FAFD" box="[181,284,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">uranopia</emphasis>
<location id="7733B7DAFFF9AD66FEC8700C4C34FAFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC:7733B7DAFFF9AD66FEC8700C4C34FAFD" box="[293,363,1317,1343]" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" name="Londt" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Londt</location>
, 2005.
<location id="7733B7DAFFF9AD66FE52700F4CAFFA82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC:7733B7DAFFF9AD66FE52700F4CAFFA82" box="[447,496,1318,1344]" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" name="Two" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Two</location>
of these are known only from
<collectingCountry id="0AFBA191FFF9AD66FCBB700C4EB9FAFD" box="[854,998,1317,1343]" name="South Africa" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FC15700C492AFAFD" box="[1016,1141,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">pardosoros</emphasis>
from the
<location id="7733B7DAFFF9AD66FECD706C4F65FAA2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA455017FFF8AD65FE9E76A7490FFDEC:7733B7DAFFF9AD66FECD706C4F65FAA2" box="[288,570,1349,1376]" country="South Africa" county="Yemenese island" municipality="Graaff-Reinet area" name="Tierberg Nature Reserve" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Tierberg Nature Reserve</location>
, and
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FD95706F4F80FA9D" box="[632,735,1350,1375]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">uranopia</emphasis>
from the
<collectingMunicipality id="92377B7BFFF9AD66FCBF706C4979FA9D" box="[850,1062,1349,1375]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Graaff-Reinet area</collectingMunicipality>
) while
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF58704C4DACFABD" box="[181,243,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">dasys</emphasis>
is known from
<specimenCount id="64EA2A88FFF9AD66FE4E704C4F08FABD" box="[419,599,1381,1407]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="0AFBA191FFF9AD66FD77704C4FB6FABD" box="[666,745,1381,1407]" name="Eritrea" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0AFBA191FFF9AD66FD19704C4E64FABD" box="[756,827,1381,1407]" name="Oman" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Oman</collectingCountry>
, and the
<collectingCounty id="9B32998DFFF9AD66FC71704F4907FABD" box="[924,1112,1381,1408]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">Yemenese island</collectingCounty>
of Abd al Kuri. Besides the characters provided in the key below there are obvious differences to be observed in male genital form
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD66FF3D70EC4F22FA3D" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFF9AD66FF3D70EC4C71FA1D" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Wulp" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[208,302,1477,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futilis">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FF3D70EC4C71FA1D" box="[208,302,1477,1503]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">A. futilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can easily be incorporated into Londts (2005) key by making the following small modifications to the final couplets:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFF9AD65FF587324490FFEE4" blockId="29.[181,1143,204,1671]" lastBlockId="30.[144,1104,203,558]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">
15 Mesonotal pruinescence entirely gold; apical scutellar setal number&gt;40 .............. ....................................................................................................
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FC4973044EBAF985" bold="true" box="[932,997,1581,1607]" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">dasys</emphasis>
Londt, 2005 Mesonotal pruinescence silver (
<emphasis id="40983D13FFF9AD66FDA673674FEDF9A5" box="[587,690,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="460">uranopia</emphasis>
female has silver laterally and gold medially); apical scutellar setal number &lt;30............................................................16 16 Eye anteromedially flattened, especially in male; male with facial area occupied by mystax shiny apruinose; scutellum with
<emphasis id="40983D13FFFAAD65FD4B75C54FEDFEC7" box="[678,690,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">c</emphasis>
. 20 apical macrosetae....................... ..............................................................................................
<emphasis id="40983D13FFFAAD65FCBE74224E9FFEE7" bold="true" box="[851,960,267,293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">uranopia</emphasis>
Londt, 2005
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFFAAD65FF7D7405490FFEA4" blockId="30.[144,1104,203,558]" pageId="30" pageNumber="461"> Eye not anteromedially flattened; male with facial area occupied by mystax entirely silver pruinose ......................................................................................................17</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFFAAD65FF7D745D490FFE0C" blockId="30.[144,1104,203,558]" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">
17 Face broarder in relation to head (1:&lt;5); supra-alar macrosetae absent; scutellum with &lt;10 apical macrosetae; wing with basal angle of r
<subScript id="EE68E344FFFAAD65FCDC748F4E66FE76" attach="left" box="[817,825,422,436]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">4</subScript>
&lt;20°; known only from
<collectingCountry id="0AFBA191FFFAAD65FF2D749D4C0AFE0C" box="[192,341,436,462]" name="Yemen" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">South Yemen</collectingCountry>
............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="B5EC9A82FFFAAD65FC83749A490FFE0C" authority="(Wulp, 1899)" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Wulp" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[878,1104,435,462]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Afroholopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="futilis">
<emphasis id="40983D13FFFAAD65FC83749A4EEDFE0F" bold="true" box="[878,946,435,461]" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">futilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="167D9CF0FFFAAD65FC2F749D4918FE0C" author="WULP, F. M. VAN DER" box="[962,1095,436,462]" pageId="30" pageNumber="461" pagination="81 - 98" refId="ref39374" refString="WULP, F. M. VAN DER. 1899. Asilidae from Aden and its neighbourhood. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1899: 81 - 98." type="journal article" year="1899">Wulp, 1899</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7253E101FFFAAD65FF7D74FD490FFDEC" blockId="30.[144,1104,203,558]" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">
Face narrower in relation to head (1:&gt;5); 1 supra-alar macroseta present; scutellum with&gt;20 apical macrosetae; wing with basal angle of r
<subScript id="EE68E344FFFAAD65FCDF772F4E65FDD6" attach="left" box="[818,826,518,532]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">4</subScript>
&gt;25°; known only from
<collectingCountry id="0AFBA191FFFAAD65FF2D773D4C11FDEC" box="[192,334,532,558]" name="South Africa" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.....................................................................
<emphasis id="40983D13FFFAAD65FCD7773D4EE0FDEC" bold="true" box="[826,959,532,558]" pageId="30" pageNumber="461">pardosoros</emphasis>
Londt, 2005
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>