191 lines
22 KiB
XML
191 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.22.1299" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248392" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-22-69" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A150FFE0492B5B4BFFF3BA274968FFD3" ID-Zenodo-Dep="574752" ID-ZooBank="CBB615E698AA4965B07968D65D885604" ModsDocID="1314-2607-22-69" checkinTime="1621552420958" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sharkey, Michael J. & Clutts, Stephanie A." docDate="2011" docId="FA0D3368BB24A190A57204BB61BA39F6" docLanguage="en" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 22" docPubDate="2011-09-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.22.1299" docTitle="Cremnops desertor" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="A150FFE0492B5B4BFFF3BA274968FFD3" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="A150FFE0492B5B4BFFF3BA274968FFD3" masterDocTitle="A revision of Thai Agathidinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with descriptions of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="132" masterPageNumber="69" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1643555649665" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Thai Agathidinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with descriptions of six new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sharkey, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S 225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546 - 0091, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Clutts, Stephanie A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S 225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546 - 0091, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2011-09-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>69</mods:start>
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<mods:end>132</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.22.1299</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.22.1299</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-22-69</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">CBB615E698AA4965B07968D65D885604</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A150FFE0492B5B4BFFF3BA274968FFD3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">574752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248392" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA0D3368BB24A190A57204BB61BA39F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA0D3368BB24A190A57204BB61BA39F6" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cremnops_desertor" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cremnops desertor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">Cremnops desertor (Linnaeus)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Cremnops desertor a lateral habitus b fore wing." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11260" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="88" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">Ichneumon desertor</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus 1758.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1874" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Agathis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricornis">Agathis atricornis</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, F" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="373 - 409" refId="B36" refString="Smith, F, 1874. Description of new species of Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Chrysididae, Formicidae etc. of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1874: 373 - 409" title="Description of new species of Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Chrysididae, Formicidae etc. of Japan." volume="1874" year="1874">Smith 1874</bibRefCitation>
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. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Sharkey, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 100" refId="B30" refString="Sharkey, MJ, 1996. The Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Japan. Bulletin of the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences 13: 1 - 100" title="The Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Japan." volume="13" year="1996">Sharkey 1996</bibRefCitation>
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. [BMNH, examined]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1808" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deflagrator">Bracon deflagrator</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Spinola, M" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" refId="B37" refString="Spinola, M, 1808. Insectorum Liguriae species novae aut rariores, quas in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit, et iconibus illustravit (Hymenoptera). 2. Genua, 262 pp." title="Insectorum Liguriae species novae aut rariores, quas in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit, et iconibus illustravit (Hymenoptera). 2. Genua, 262 pp." year="1808">Spinola 1808</bibRefCitation>
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. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Curtis, J" journalOrPublisher="Second edition, greatly enlarged. London" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" refId="B12" refString="Curtis, J, 1837. A guide to an arrangement of British insects; being a catalogue of all the named species hitherto discovered in Great Britain and Ireland. Second edition, greatly enlarged. London, 294 pp." title="A guide to an arrangement of British insects; being a catalogue of all the named species hitherto discovered in Great Britain and Ireland." year="1837">Curtis 1837</bibRefCitation>
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. [type presumably lost]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1920" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternans">Cremnops alternans</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Enderlein, G" journalOrPublisher="- Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (A)" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="51 - 224" refId="B18" refString="Enderlein, G, 1920. Zur Kenntnis aussereuropaischer Braconiden. -Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (A) 84: 51 - 224" title="Zur Kenntnis aussereuropaischer Braconiden." volume="84" year="1920">Enderlein 1920</bibRefCitation>
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. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Sharkey, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 100" refId="B30" refString="Sharkey, MJ, 1996. The Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Japan. Bulletin of the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences 13: 1 - 100" title="The Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Japan." volume="13" year="1996">Sharkey 1996</bibRefCitation>
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. [MZPW, examined].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1920" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscatus">Cremnops lemniscatus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Enderlein, G" journalOrPublisher="- Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (A)" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="51 - 224" refId="B18" refString="Enderlein, G, 1920. Zur Kenntnis aussereuropaischer Braconiden. -Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (A) 84: 51 - 224" title="Zur Kenntnis aussereuropaischer Braconiden." volume="84" year="1920">Enderlein 1920</bibRefCitation>
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. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Sharkey, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 100" refId="B30" refString="Sharkey, MJ, 1996. The Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Japan. Bulletin of the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences 13: 1 - 100" title="The Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Japan." volume="13" year="1996">Sharkey 1996</bibRefCitation>
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. [MZPW, examined].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bhat" authorityYear="1979" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malayensis">Cremnops malayensis</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Bhat, S" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects Monograph" pageId="29" pageNumber="98" refId="B3" refString="Bhat, S, 1979. Oriental species of Cremnops Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Entomon.4 (1): 27-39." title="Oriental species of Cremnops Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Entomon. 4 (1): 27 - 39." year="1979">Bhat 1979</bibRefCitation>
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. syn. n.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">[</emphasis>
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FSCA, examined]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Agathis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigritarsus">Agathis nigritarsus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Cameron, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society" pageId="29" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 220" refId="B5" refString="Cameron, P, 1899. Hymenoptera Orientalia, or contributions to a knowledge of the Hymenoptera of the Oriental Zoological Region. Part VIII. The Hymenoptera of the Khasia Hills. First paper. Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 43 (3): 1 - 220" title="Hymenoptera Orientalia, or contributions to a knowledge of the Hymenoptera of the Oriental Zoological Region. Part VIII. The Hymenoptera of the Khasia Hills. First paper." volume="43" year="1899">Cameron 1899</bibRefCitation>
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. syn. n.[OUMNH, examined], India.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purgator">Ichneumon purgator</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Fabricius, JC" journalOrPublisher="- Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (A)" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" refId="B19" refString="Fabricius, JC, 1793. Entomologia systematica. Hafniae 2: VIII + 1-519." title="Entomologia systematica. Hafniae 2: VIII + 1 - 519." year="1793">Fabricius 1793</bibRefCitation>
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. Synonymized by Latreille1805. [type presumably lost]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="88" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">This is a highly variable and widespread species. The fore wing varies from completely infuscate to mostly hyaline with dark and yellow bands. The images in the key (above) show a good range of variation. The combination of characters given in the key is sufficient to identify Thai specimens.</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11260" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Figure 37.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">a</emphasis>
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lateral habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">b</emphasis>
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fore wing.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="88" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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Contrary to
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<bibRefCitation author="van Achterberg, C" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 184" publicationUrl="doi: 10.3897/zookeys.54.475" refId="B42" refString="van Achterberg, C, Long, KD, 2010. Revision of the Agathidinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Vietnam, with the description of forty-two new species and three new genera. ZooKeys 54: 1 - 184, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.54.475" title="Revision of the Agathidinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Vietnam, with the description of forty-two new species and three new genera." url="doi: 10.3897/zookeys.54.475" volume="54" year="2010">van Achterberg and Long (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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we do not recognize the species status of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricornis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops atricornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Smith) but rather consider it to be a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The character that van Achterberg and Long used to separate eastern and western specimens of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the relative lengths of the fore tibia and tarsus. The first two specimens that we checked from Thailand fit their concept of the West Palearctic forms, and looking at all specimens from a large number of Oriental specimens the measurements are variable with no clear gap between long and short.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has recently been found in North America. There is one specimen from Ottawa, Canada and one from Washington DC. These are in the Canadian National Collection in Ottawa and the US National Museum in Washington, respectively. Among the specimens of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Thailand one was particularly small,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">i.e.</emphasis>
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, 5.4 mm rather than the average length of 6.8 mm. 28S sequence data of several specimens, including the smallest, were identical (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian phylogram inferred from 28 S (region D 2 - D 3) sequence data aligned by secondary structure. Bayesian analysis runtime = 736,000 generations (25 % burnin). Branch support: Bayesian posterior probabilities / bootstrap (1,000 replicates). (-) indicates bootstrap support below 60." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11199" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). A recently collected specimen of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Sweden differed in only 4 positions (~600 bps total) from the two Thai specimens that were checked (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian phylogram inferred from 28 S (region D 2 - D 3) sequence data aligned by secondary structure. Bayesian analysis runtime = 736,000 generations (25 % burnin). Branch support: Bayesian posterior probabilities / bootstrap (1,000 replicates). (-) indicates bootstrap support below 60." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11199" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). The specimen of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Turner" authorityYear="1919" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mekongensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops mekongensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which is very similar morphologically to
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, differed in 11 sites in the 28S rDNA (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian phylogram inferred from 28 S (region D 2 - D 3) sequence data aligned by secondary structure. Bayesian analysis runtime = 736,000 generations (25 % burnin). Branch support: Bayesian posterior probabilities / bootstrap (1,000 replicates). (-) indicates bootstrap support below 60." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11199" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). There is no magic number as to how many site changes constitute a distinct species but we predict that as 28S sequence data are obtained for specimens of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desertor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">Cremnops desertor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from sites between Europe and Thailand that there will be a grade in the 4 sites in which the 28S sequences differ.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="88" type="genbank accession">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">GenBank accession.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="88">H098:</emphasis>
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#JF506256. H8099: #JN019810. H294: #JN019811
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="89">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="89" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="89">Widespread over temperate and tropical Eurasia and, recently, accidentally introduced to eastern North America. Distribution map of Thai and Peninsular Malaysia specimens can be found at http://purl.org/thaimaps/desertor.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="89">Examined specimens are in the following collections: BMNH, HIC, QSBG, CNC and UKM.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |