218 lines
32 KiB
XML
218 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="C90FE67BAC1D2EA4926F58DE47B82A64" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1033.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5050581" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625108009590" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gibson, Gary A. P." docDate="2005" docId="FA0579315135FFDEFE99FC207CFE759D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01033p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1033 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1033.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Balcha camptogastra Gibson 2005, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="063C0149513BFFCEFF91FFCC78557153" masterDocTitle="The world species of Balcha Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), parasitoids of wood-boring beetles" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698981037910" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="883F0451704D46E3E43D0FE94CC254F9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DAA20183508963CFE7082C33C2F60F62">
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<mods:title id="6BCF4E36B0EE012000F5C94EA72F32A6">The world species of Balcha Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), parasitoids of wood-boring beetles</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="094017CF0883DA6AD51B9B040012FF55" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F92BA28C1E0392DDF635C29A18E27599">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C03EC6910A27C8B6AEAAF8CCAD00835D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6DE72D75A51F0E3F684C379FED960D88">Gibson, Gary A. P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F653CB912671EA61617D9169401EC562">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0CF4690D2AD54CD9CA34EF11E10CBF66">
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<mods:title id="24CEF91B2167D820384EFA334B8EA903">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8869C6402CBE22EE3755C32584A12259">
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<mods:date id="45AA2916C084BED204AFB2B454CE93A2">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3599BD8DDBCFF8B00144F2F228F2DD76" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="CC1676B1095B0D90E408C6860455BA5B">2005-08-11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9281C94B3804E0935C37894E5E6A6F1D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="45A220C625BD6669162F03EAB246B162">1033</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="8E67003848A472D7C91B8E168AF76835" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F431E7793B1FD518CECC55F34538EE68">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3519F008E5240CB00E11E2C214E0689E">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="25C678C9401258DBC20E91F7DE3D2EE9">62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location id="2C756AAFB183AE114CE06A1E0F4E89C3">
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<mods:url id="C7C344E8D7E6A8841CF38C1ACA1DD0A2">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1033.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="29ADCBBF9A3A501EC166C578EDCAB934">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CC15478D49DC690E31EB73032445FA69" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1033.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7A2EA8CDBB1D42B74129AA4F862F09FC" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D6DEF99704BE5C2A784514A62CA56A91" type="Zenodo-Dep">5050581</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9F578B0CBFB04576058E0FFC85F3D4F1" type="ZooBank">E1D64688-2A79-49B9-B71E-B47CFD9D2DA5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FA0579315135FFDEFE99FC207CFE759D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5052980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5052980" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA0579315135FFDEFE99FC207CFE759D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA0579315135FFDEFE99FC207CFE759D" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC5135FFC0FE99FC207B387555" box="[264,877,1004,1030]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7213C8275135FFC0FE99FC207B387555" blockId="14.[264,877,1004,1030]" box="[264,877,1004,1030]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<heading id="295B7F4B5135FFC0FE99FC207B387555" bold="true" box="[264,877,1004,1030]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FE99FC207B387555" bold="true" box="[264,877,1004,1030]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A45135FFC0FE99FC207A5D7555" ID-CoL="KGHT" authority="Gibson, 2005" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[264,520,1004,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camptogastra" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FE99FC207A5D7555" bold="true" box="[264,520,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Balcha camptogastra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BEBA94E5135FFC0FD81FC207A077555" box="[528,594,1004,1030]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(Figs. 2, 25, 41, 58, 59)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC5135FFC0FE99FBFA7B6B744A" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="7213C8275135FFC0FE99FBFA7A5375F2" blockId="14.[264,1323,1078,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FE99FBFA79E87503" bold="true" box="[264,445,1078,1104]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="C2C4C27A5135FFC0FE55FBFB7A5375F2" collectorName="I. Gauld" country="Brunei" location="BRUNEI" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="AD1776855135FFC0FE55FBFB7A647502" box="[452,561,1079,1105]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
(
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<specimenCount id="64AA03AE5135FFC0FDD3FBFA7A037519" box="[578,598,1078,1098]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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, BMNH): “
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FD73FBFA7B017503" bold="true" box="[738,852,1078,1104]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<collectingCountry id="0ABB88B75135FFC0FD73FBFA7B017503" box="[738,852,1078,1104]" name="Brunei" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BRUNEI</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: Labi lowland forest, VIII.79,
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<collectorName id="DF59ADF15135FFC0FB2AFBFB7D4E7502" box="[1211,1307,1079,1105]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">I. Gauld</collectorName>
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/ CNCI JDRspecm 2004126 /
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<typeStatus id="AD1776855135FFC0FDE1FB937A88752A" box="[624,733,1119,1145]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A45135FFC0FD74FB937C10752A" authority="Gibson" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[741,1093,1119,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camptogastra">
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FD74FB937BB4752B" box="[741,993,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Balcha camptogastra</emphasis>
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Gibson
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</taxonomicName>
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”; glued laterally on card rectangle, entire.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7213C8275135FFC0FEA9FB637B6B744A" blockId="14.[264,1323,1078,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<materialsCitation id="C2C4C27A5135FFC0FEA9FB637B6F744A" collectingDate="1982-08-20" collectingDateMax="1982-09-10" collectingDateMin="1982-08-20" collectionCode="BMNH, USNM" collectorName="Bukit Sulang & Nr. Lamunin & N. E. Stork" country="Brunei" county="Borneo" location="Baker" municipality="Sandakan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Sabah" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="AD1776855135FFC0FEA9FB6379FB759A" box="[312,430,1199,1225]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: ORIENTAL.
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FDCFFB627A85759B" bold="true" box="[606,720,1198,1224]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<collectingCountry id="0ABB88B75135FFC0FDCFFB627A85759B" box="[606,720,1198,1224]" name="Brunei" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BRUNEI</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectorName id="DF59ADF15135FFC0FD72FB637BD6759A" box="[739,899,1199,1225]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bukit Sulang</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="DF59ADF15135FFC0FC03FB637C7B759A" box="[914,1070,1199,1225]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nr. Lamunin</collectorName>
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,
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<date id="0612EEE75135FFC0FBACFB637D73759A" box="[1085,1318,1199,1225]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1982-08-20" valueMax="1982-09-10" valueMin="1982-08-20">
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<collectingDate id="1656170F5135FFC0FBACFB637D73759A" box="[1085,1318,1199,1225]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1982-08-20" valueMax="1982-09-10" valueMin="1982-08-20">20.VIII10.IX.1982</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="DF59ADF15135FFC0FE99FB1B79D975A2" box="[264,396,1239,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">N.E. Stork</collectorName>
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, B.M. 1982 388, CNCI JDRSEM 2004054 (
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<specimenCount id="64AA03AE5135FFC0FC72FB1B7C5175B9" box="[995,1028,1238,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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<collectionCode id="14BD50E25135FFC0FB81FB1B7C3875A2" box="[1040,1133,1239,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BMNH</collectionCode>
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).
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FB14FB1A7D7775A3" bold="true" box="[1157,1314,1238,1264]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<collectingCountry id="0ABB88B75135FFC0FB14FB1A7D7775A3" box="[1157,1314,1238,1264]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: [
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<collectingRegion id="B06806C55135FFC0FE9EFB33790B744A" box="[271,350,1279,1305]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sabah</collectingRegion>
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],
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<collectingCounty id="9B72B0AB5135FFC0FEE3FB33799E744A" box="[370,459,1279,1305]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Borneo</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="9277525D5135FFC0FE47FB337A1E744A" box="[470,587,1279,1305]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sandakan</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="77739EFC5135FFC0FDC6FB337AC8744A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA0579315135FFDEFE99FC207CFE759D:77739EFC5135FFC0FDC6FB337AC8744A" box="[599,669,1279,1305]" country="Brunei" county="Borneo" municipality="Sandakan" name="Baker" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Sabah">Baker</location>
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(
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<specimenCount id="64AA03AE5135FFC0FD21FB337A847441" box="[688,721,1278,1305]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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<collectionCode id="14BD50E25135FFC0FD49FB337B67744A" box="[728,818,1279,1305]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC5135FFC0FEA9FAEA79FD74C2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="7213C8275135FFC0FEA9FAEA79FD74C2" blockId="14.[264,1323,1078,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FEA9FAEA79917413" bold="true" box="[312,452,1318,1344]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Formed from the Greek words
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FCCAFAEB7BE97413" box="[859,956,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">kamptos</emphasis>
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(bent or flexible) and
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FB70FAEB7D7F7413" box="[1249,1322,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">gaster</emphasis>
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(stomach), in reference to the conspicuously recurved gaster of females (
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<figureCitation id="EA97D4A25135FFC0FBFAFA837C96743A" box="[1131,1219,1359,1385]" captionStart="FIGURES 55–59. 55" captionStartId="60.[264,370,1142,1163]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,312,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-44@60.[264,1323,312,1121]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 55–59. 55. Balcha enoptra: syntergum. 56 and 57. B. punctiscutum: 56, syntergum; 57, base of syntergum. 58 and 59. B. camptogastra: 58, lateral habitus; 59, syntergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050595/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
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); a noun in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC5135FFDEFEA9FA527A407245" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7213C8275135FFC1FEA9FA52793273CD" blockId="14.[264,1323,1078,1875]" lastBlockId="15.[264,1323,284,1870]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FEA9FA52798574EB" bold="true" box="[312,464,1438,1464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description.</emphasis>
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FEMALE. Length,
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<quantity id="B55465C25135FFC0FD58FA537B1274EA" box="[713,839,1439,1465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.5">6.5–8 mm</quantity>
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. Antenna dark brown except scape and sometimes pedicel and Fl
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<subScript id="EE28CA625135FFC0FDC1FA1A7A0C74B6" attach="left" box="[592,601,1494,1509]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</subScript>
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yellow to yellowishbrown; scape widened apically but spindlelike and with outer surface uniformly setose; Fl
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<subScript id="EE28CA625135FFC0FC07F9CD7BCA7743" attach="left" box="[918,927,1537,1552]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1</subScript>
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slightly longer than apical width and about half as long as pedicel; Fl
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<subScript id="EE28CA625135FFC0FD54F9E07A9B7768" attach="left" box="[709,718,1580,1595]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">2</subScript>
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subequal in length to clava. Head with punctures green to blue or purple in contrast to dark or coppery interstices at least on parascrobal region (Fig. 2), the lower face more uniformly green to blue under some angles of light, and upper parascrobal region with large green to blue spot in coriaceouspunctulate region (
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<emphasis id="40D814355135FFC0FE83F90D79727789" box="[274,295,1729,1754]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">cf</emphasis>
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.
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<figureCitation id="EA97D4A25135FFC0FEA6F90D79D87788" box="[311,397,1729,1755]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–18" captionStartId="55.[264,370,1801,1822]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,286,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-71@55.[256,1331,281,1798]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 9–18. Mesosoma dorsal: 9, Balcha laciniosa; 10, B. cylindrica; 11, B. elegans; 12, B. indica (N. Am.); 13, B. eximia; 14, B. eximiassita; 15, B. dictyota; 16, B. reticulata; 17, B. anemeta; 18, B. splendida (nob = notaular band, pnb = paranotaular band, ppb = parapsidal band)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050583/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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); ocellar region and about anterior half of vertex posterior to ocelli dark with coppery luster under some angles of light, the dark or coppery region tapered posteriorly into mostly green to blue or purple occiput medially in region between posterior ocelli and laterally in region between posterior ocellus and inner orbit. Face with setiferous punctures (Fig. 25), the punctures closely crowded near oral margin but elsewhere separated by flat, coriaceous interstices, except about dorsal third of parascrobal region flat with punctures increasingly smaller and shallowed into coriaceous sculpture adjacent to ocelli, and uniformly setose with white setae. Scrobal depression with scrobes dark or with slight purple or violaceous luster under some angles of light, and transversely reticulatestrigose dorsally; channel transversely reticulatestrigose ventrally to coriaceous and setose dorsally (Fig. 25), and with two bright green to blue bands, a transverse band ventrally and a more dorsal V like band formed by paramedial spots, the region between the bands and below anterior ocellus dark or with slight coppery luster under some angles of light (Fig. 2).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7213C8275134FFDEFEA9FD607CCA700D" blockId="15.[264,1323,284,1870]" lastBlockId="16.[264,1324,284,1230]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Pronotum dark with coppery luster anteriorly, but posteriorly and laterally greenish to blue; distinctly coriaceous to transversely coriaceousaciculate. Tegula yellowish. Mesoscutum green laterally and posterodorsally except for at least a small purple region anterior to axilla, with dark notaular and parapsidal bands having distinct coppery to slightly reddish luster forming a somewhat Tlike pattern, the bands broadly contiguous over about anterior half of mesoscutum except separated posteriorly by slender paranotaular band, the parapsidal band extending for only short distance posterior to parapsidal line but broadened laterally near apex of parapsidal band, and with notaular band medially about onethird width of scutellaraxillar complex and widened posteriorly to extend across width of scutellum. Mesoscutum (
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<figureCitation id="EA97D4A25134FFC1FCCDFBD87BE4757D" box="[860,945,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42" captionStartId="58.[264,370,1798,1819]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,284,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-78@58.[264,1324,281,1794]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42. Mesosoma, dorsal: 39, Balcha cylindrica; 40, B. splendida; 41, B. camptogastra; 42, B. enoptra. 43–46. Metanotum and propodeum: 43, B. levicollis; 44, B. punctiscutum; 45, B. enoptra (cal = callus, dor = dorsellum, pcr = precrenular region of metanotal panel, ppr = propodeal plical region, psr = paraspiracular region); 46, B. elegans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050589/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
) alveolate laterally, dorsally the punctures smaller, distinctly reticulatepunctulate posterolaterally in small region anterior to axilla, between notauli, and near parapsidal line; without distinct depression anterior to level of inner margin of axilla; laterally with white, slightly lanceolate setae and dorsally with mixture of brownish to white, but more hairlike setae. Scutellum dark with coppery to reddish luster except narrowly greenish to blue along sides; reticulate with longitudinal interstices not aligned into rugae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A25134FFC1FD3AFAC87B56744D" box="[683,771,1284,1310]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42" captionStartId="58.[264,370,1798,1819]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,284,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-78@58.[264,1324,281,1794]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42. Mesosoma, dorsal: 39, Balcha cylindrica; 40, B. splendida; 41, B. camptogastra; 42, B. enoptra. 43–46. Metanotum and propodeum: 43, B. levicollis; 44, B. punctiscutum; 45, B. enoptra (cal = callus, dor = dorsellum, pcr = precrenular region of metanotal panel, ppr = propodeal plical region, psr = paraspiracular region); 46, B. elegans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050589/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metanotum green or with dorsellum purple under some angles of light; dorsellum thick, with crenulate dorsal surface and coriaceous, bare, posterior surface; precrenular region of panel sparsely setose, the setae indistinctly aligned into 2 rows. Acropleuron with elongateslender, minutely coriaceous subalar region separating punctatealveolate prealar region from finely coriaceousaciculate postalar region; prealar region green anteriorly, violaceous medially and bluish to green posteriorly, but subalar region usually dark and postalar region dark with violaceous to greenishblue luster under some angles of light. Lower mesepimeron coriaceous to shallowly punctatereticulate. Metapleuron coriaceousreticulate to scabrous, with distinct crenulate furrow along posterior margin but uniformly sculptured anteriorly. Propodeum mostly green dorsally but vertical surface of callus purple; paraspiracular region bare, the setae anterior to spiracle extending mesally only to about level of inner margin of spiracle; callus virtually smooth between setal pores; plical region bare, with carinate margin of foramen like recurved to anterior margin of propodeum as fine median carina similar in appearance to crenulae lateral to median carina. Forewing hyaline; vannal area with subcubital setal line extending over about apical half. Legs yellowish beyond coxae except outer and dorsal surfaces of profemur apically and protibia extensively brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7213C827512BFFDEFEA9FEA07A5F73BD" blockId="16.[264,1324,284,1230]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Petiole composed of anterior carina and slightly wrinkled but quite shiny lunate horizontal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFE64FE587A1870FD" box="[501,589,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42" captionStartId="58.[264,370,1798,1819]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,284,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-78@58.[264,1324,281,1794]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42. Mesosoma, dorsal: 39, Balcha cylindrica; 40, B. splendida; 41, B. camptogastra; 42, B. enoptra. 43–46. Metanotum and propodeum: 43, B. levicollis; 44, B. punctiscutum; 45, B. enoptra (cal = callus, dor = dorsellum, pcr = precrenular region of metanotal panel, ppr = propodeal plical region, psr = paraspiracular region); 46, B. elegans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050589/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gaster in dorsal view dark brown except syntergum with greenish luster under some angles of light, in lateral view all terga green to blue dorsally and purple to violaceous ventrally under some angles of light; about twice as long as head and mesosoma combined with about posterior half, consisting of penultimate tergum and syntergum, variably strongly recurved dorsally to anterodorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFBA9FDF87CDA731D" box="[1080,1167,564,590]" captionStart="FIGURES 55–59. 55" captionStartId="60.[264,370,1142,1163]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,312,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-44@60.[264,1323,312,1121]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 55–59. 55. Balcha enoptra: syntergum. 56 and 57. B. punctiscutum: 56, syntergum; 57, base of syntergum. 58 and 59. B. camptogastra: 58, lateral habitus; 59, syntergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050595/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
). Syntergum about 0.75–0.8 x as long as remaining gaster, with about basal third comprising larger region surrounding ovipositor sheaths and having cercus at base, and about apical twothirds forming slender, convex surface above ovipositor sheaths (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFBD1FD607CCD7395" box="[1088,1176,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURES 55–59. 55" captionStartId="60.[264,370,1142,1163]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,312,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-44@60.[264,1323,312,1121]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 55–59. 55. Balcha enoptra: syntergum. 56 and 57. B. punctiscutum: 56, syntergum; 57, base of syntergum. 58 and 59. B. camptogastra: 58, lateral habitus; 59, syntergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050595/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
); uniformly setose and sculptured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7213C827512BFFDEFEA9FD307A407245" blockId="16.[264,1324,284,1230]" box="[312,533,764,790]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MALE. Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC512BFFDEFEA9FCE87A4B726D" box="[312,542,804,830]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="7213C827512BFFDEFEA9FCE87A4B726D" blockId="16.[264,1324,284,1230]" box="[312,542,804,830]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFEA9FCE879C9726D" bold="true" box="[312,412,804,830]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC512BFFDEFEA9FC807CFE759D" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="7213C827512BFFDEFEA9FC807CFE759D" blockId="16.[264,1324,284,1230]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFEA9FC8079967235" bold="true" box="[312,451,844,870]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4512BFFDEFE5DFC807A9D7236" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[460,712,844,869]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camptogastra">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFE5DFC807A9D7236" box="[460,712,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Balcha camptogastra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the island of Borneo. Females are readily differentiated from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4512BFFDEFD20FCB87B4972DE" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[689,796,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laciniosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFD20FCB87B4972DE" box="[689,796,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">laciniosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group species by their conspicuously curved gaster (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFEF2FC5079ED72E5" box="[355,440,924,950]" captionStart="FIGURES 55–59. 55" captionStartId="60.[264,370,1142,1163]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,312,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-44@60.[264,1323,312,1121]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 55–59. 55. Balcha enoptra: syntergum. 56 and 57. B. punctiscutum: 56, syntergum; 57, base of syntergum. 58 and 59. B. camptogastra: 58, lateral habitus; 59, syntergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050595/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
) and elongate syntergum that is differentiated into a basal portion that surrounds the ovipositor sheaths and a slender dorsoapical portion that lies above the ovipositor sheaths (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFE7AFC207A167555" box="[491,579,1004,1030]" captionStart="FIGURES 55–59. 55" captionStartId="60.[264,370,1142,1163]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,312,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-44@60.[264,1323,312,1121]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 55–59. 55. Balcha enoptra: syntergum. 56 and 57. B. punctiscutum: 56, syntergum; 57, base of syntergum. 58 and 59. B. camptogastra: 58, lateral habitus; 59, syntergum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050595/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
). The unknown males likely most closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4512BFFDEFB0FFC207D7F7556" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[1182,1322,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laciniosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFB0FFC207D7F7556" box="[1182,1322,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. laciniosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males. All males identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4512BFFDEFDFAFBD87AA2757E" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[619,759,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laciniosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFDFAFBD87AA2757E" box="[619,759,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. laciniosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have some conspicuous, white, lanceolate setae interspersed with hairlike setae posteriorly on the mesoscutum, even through the notaular band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFEC0FBA879CD752D" box="[337,408,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–18" captionStartId="55.[264,370,1801,1822]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,286,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-71@55.[256,1331,281,1798]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 9–18. Mesosoma dorsal: 9, Balcha laciniosa; 10, B. cylindrica; 11, B. elegans; 12, B. indica (N. Am.); 13, B. eximia; 14, B. eximiassita; 15, B. dictyota; 16, B. reticulata; 17, B. anemeta; 18, B. splendida (nob = notaular band, pnb = paranotaular band, ppb = parapsidal band)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050583/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
), which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4512BFFDEFE6CFBA87AEA752E" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[509,703,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camptogastra">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFE6CFBA87AEA752E" box="[509,703,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. camptogastra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males probably lack. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4512BFFDEFBBEFBA87CA4752E" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[1071,1265,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camptogastra">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFBBEFBA87CA4752E" box="[1071,1265,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. camptogastra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may also have a flatter and more distinctly reticulate scutellum than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4512BFFDEFBB6FB407CE775F6" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[1063,1202,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laciniosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFBB6FB407CE775F6" box="[1063,1202,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. laciniosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males, if scutellar structure and sculpture in males is similar to females (
|
||
<emphasis id="40D81435512BFFDEFC7DFB787C54759E" box="[1004,1025,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">cf</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFB81FB787C24759D" box="[1040,1137,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–38" captionStartId="57.[264,370,1814,1835]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,289,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-59@57.[262,1324,286,1801]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 31–38. Mesosoma dorsal: 31, Balcha anemeta; 32, B. punctiscutum; 33, B. indica (N. Am.); 34, B. indica (holotype); 35, B. elegans; 36, B. laciniosa (not = notaulus, pl = parapsidal line); 37, B. eximiassita; 38, B. reticulata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050587/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA97D4A2512BFFDEFBECFB787CCB759D" box="[1149,1182,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42" captionStartId="58.[264,370,1798,1819]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,284,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-78@58.[264,1324,281,1794]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURES 39–46. 39–42. Mesosoma, dorsal: 39, Balcha cylindrica; 40, B. splendida; 41, B. camptogastra; 42, B. enoptra. 43–46. Metanotum and propodeum: 43, B. levicollis; 44, B. punctiscutum; 45, B. enoptra (cal = callus, dor = dorsellum, pcr = precrenular region of metanotal panel, ppr = propodeal plical region, psr = paraspiracular region); 46, B. elegans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5050589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5050589/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">41</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |