136 lines
17 KiB
XML
136 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="80F14B733F1858E7C51F345FE4D45C4A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1033.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5050581" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625108009590" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gibson, Gary A. P." docDate="2005" docId="FA0579315114FFFFFE99F9D97CD672D9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01033p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1033 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1033.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Balcha reticulifrons Gibson 2005, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="063C0149513BFFCEFF91FFCC78557153" masterDocTitle="The world species of Balcha Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), parasitoids of wood-boring beetles" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698981037910" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="25366A68B67D515C4052AEB5E91D782A">
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<mods:title id="5220CC29A02A7AA357F33FDA35BB277C">The world species of Balcha Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), parasitoids of wood-boring beetles</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4E6DEC7A9AFE62B8D6BF5EBE4FFBD7F7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CF7FFC4EE2CB3D1A0DF0D5B5FEEB2C7B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="950223AF8AC82CDE63998A6FF7AF2C06">Gibson, Gary A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BC1704B471D3F1F3FB68E82AD4CFE9E6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C2E5AE731F58A400B91D0C2960948CA4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2B23E08A8FB3B5B25691BA8E65884BC6">
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<mods:date id="5DCBDCDC9CFB0972A58E7CEC152A98B4">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="53A830C3A32FC124518468CA996A2C06" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="2FCC35A86789DBD014B8FE301E9BDD28">2005-08-11</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="63B225837092B47626860FA3A035E103" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FD28F14D066EC56DBC9F891669E1E951">1033</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="274649F18EB5E9B5B337CC699BA76121" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="06F31A7D487D6DB1433ACC66259E5F2A">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F5846E28A58344EDC15914683DA61DE5">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="60C5A6D28A789D68ED0ECA1657455DE7">62</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="F584CD2E53FA21749D0B2308DE31FE06">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1033.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="E41416482C9421F41885640FF0A9C2C8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6E5EEBD1FDAC0B98FF35BB648BE64B9E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1033.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="88B2E8ADC29A1D2252AC7E67B037399A" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="20DB0DE53D95044DE13E7C31CD551804" type="Zenodo-Dep">5050581</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="571B3BE53D71FE9075F4D8ADDBD39658" type="ZooBank">E1D64688-2A79-49B9-B71E-B47CFD9D2DA5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FA0579315114FFFFFE99F9D97CD672D9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5052990" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5052990" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA0579315114FFFFFE99F9D97CD672D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA0579315114FFFFFE99F9D97CD672D9" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC5114FFE1FE99F9D97AF3777D" box="[264,678,1556,1583]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7213C8275114FFE1FE99F9D97AF3777D" blockId="47.[264,678,1556,1583]" box="[264,678,1556,1583]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="295B7F4B5114FFE1FE99F9D97AF3777D" bold="true" box="[264,678,1556,1583]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FE99F9D97AF3777D" bold="true" box="[264,678,1556,1583]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A45114FFE1FE99F9D979AE777C" ID-CoL="KGJ9" authority="Gibson, 2005" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[264,507,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulifrons" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FE99F9D979AE777C" bold="true" box="[264,507,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Balcha reticulifrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BEBA94E5114FFE1FD92F9D87A10777D" box="[515,581,1556,1582]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(Fig. 4)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC5114FFE1FE99F9967CFB77BF" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="7213C8275114FFE1FE99F9967CFB77BF" blockId="47.[264,1323,1626,1895]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FE99F99679957727" bold="true" box="[264,448,1626,1652]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="C2C4C27A5114FFE1FE58F9967CFB77BF" collectorName="R. Turner" country="Sri Lanka" location="SRI LANKA" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="AD1776855114FFE1FE58F9967A637727" box="[457,566,1626,1652]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCount id="64AA03AE5114FFE1FDD8F9967A08773D" box="[585,605,1626,1646]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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, BMNH): [
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FD7BF9967BDB7727" bold="true" box="[746,910,1626,1652]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<collectingCountry id="0ABB88B75114FFE1FD7BF9967BDB7727" box="[746,910,1626,1652]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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] “Kandy, 10.02 / CEYLON [hand printed over Assam],
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<collectorName id="DF59ADF15114FFE1FD82F94E7ADE77CF" box="[531,651,1666,1692]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. Turner</collectorName>
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, 1905 – 125 / CNCI JDRspecm 2004127 /
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<typeStatus id="AD1776855114FFE1FB2CF94E7D7F77CF" box="[1213,1322,1666,1692]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A45114FFE1FE99F9667A097797" authority="Gibson" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[264,604,1706,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulifrons">
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FE99F96679A17790" box="[264,500,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Balcha reticulifrons</emphasis>
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Gibson
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</taxonomicName>
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”; mounted by pin through scutellum to card, right antenna beyond Fl
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<subScript id="EE28CA625114FFE1FEEFF92D79D277A3" attach="left" box="[382,391,1761,1776]" fontSize="7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">5</subScript>
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missing and right forewing glued to card, otherwise entire, but dirty.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC5114FFE1FEA9F9317A347634" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="7213C8275114FFE1FEA9F9317A347634" blockId="47.[264,1323,1626,1895]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FEA9F93179917644" bold="true" box="[312,452,1789,1815]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Formed from the Latin words
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FCD3F9327BEB7644" box="[834,958,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">reticulatus</emphasis>
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(netlike) and
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FBFDF9327CF27644" box="[1132,1191,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">frons</emphasis>
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(brow), in reference to the reticulate sculpture of the face (Fig. 4), which is unique for this species of
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A45114FFE1FE99F882790E7634" box="[264,347,1870,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="40D814355114FFE1FE99F882790E7634" box="[264,347,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Balcha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; a noun in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC510BFFFFFEA9FED77A407377" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7213C827510BFFFEFEA9FED77C737234" blockId="48.[264,1324,283,1901]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="40D81435510BFFFEFEA9FED779857066" bold="true" box="[312,464,283,309]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description.</emphasis>
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FEMALE. Length,
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<quantity id="B55465C2510BFFFEFD46FED07B697065" box="[727,828,284,310]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
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. Antenna dark with scape and pedicel yellowish to yellowishorange; scape widened apically but spindlelike and with outer surface uniformly setose; Fl
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<subScript id="EE28CA62510BFFFEFDC2FEB67A0970DA" attach="left" box="[595,604,378,393]" fontSize="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1</subScript>
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about 1.25 x as long as apical width and about 0.6 x as long as pedicel; Fl
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<subScript id="EE28CA62510BFFFEFE37FE6979FA70E7" attach="left" box="[422,431,421,436]" fontSize="7" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">2</subScript>
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only about 0.9 x as long as clava. Head with face (Fig. 4) mostly green but interstices coppery to reddish under some angles of light and parascrobal region near dorsal limit of scrobal depression with transverse dark band not quite extending to inner orbit; ocellar region and about anterior half of vertex posterior to ocelli dark, the dark region extending only slightly more posteriorly medially behind posterior ocelli and laterally along upper inner orbit, with occiput and along outer orbit greenish. Face with lower face and parascrobal region almost uniformly reticulate, the cells multisided and with ridgelike interstices, except about dorsal quarter of parascrobal region with distinctly smaller reticulations and uniformly setose with brownish setae. Scrobal depression with scrobes and about ventral half of channel transversely strigoserugulose and green to purple under some angles of light except for more violaceous transverse band ventrally in channel, but channel dorsally dark, coriaceousreticulate and setose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7213C827510BFFFEFEA9FCB97B54763E" blockId="48.[264,1324,283,1901]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pronotum dark anteriorly and posteriorly bright green; smooth and shiny between setal pores. Tegula yellow. Mesoscutum primarily green with interstices of punctures coppery to slightly reddish, except for broad dark region anteromedially, the notaular and parapsidal bands apparently contiguous and extending only about half length of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum almost uniformly reticulatealveolate except punctures slightly shallower in dark regions; with relatively deep and narrow longitudinal furrow over about posterior half anterior to level of inner angle of axilla; with white to brownish setae, the setae longer and slightly lanceolate laterally. Scutellum darker than mesoscutum posteriorly, the punctures dark and interstices greenish under some angles of light (see discussion); coarsely punctate, the punctures more circular to oval but interstices about same width as on mesoscutum. Metanotum green except for brownishhyaline dorsal margin of dorsellum; dorsellum thin, in single vertical plane, punctulaterugulose, and bare; precrenular region of panel with single row of setae near anterior margin. Acropleuron with at most an obscure, minutely and very finely coriaceous subalar region, but punctatealveolate anterior to, and smooth and shiny posterior to, an imaginary oblique line drawn between base of tegula and anterolateral corner of mesocoxa; punctured region violaceous or coppery under some angles of light and smooth region dark with purple or violaceous luster under some angles of light. Lower mesepimeron and metapleuron punctulatereticulate to rugulose. Propodeum green except vertical surface of callus purple; paraspiracular region bare, the setae anterior to spiracle extending mesally only to about level of inner margin of spiracle; callus comparatively smooth and shiny dorsally but laterally reticulaterugulose; plical region bare, with carinate margin of foramen like recurved to anterior margin of propodeum as fine median carina similar in appearance to crenulae lateral to median carina. Forewing hyaline; vannal area with 2 widely spaced setae within about apical third. Legs with trochanters, femora except extreme apices, and protibia medially brown, otherwise yellow.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7213C827510AFFFFFEA9FED07BCE70AF" blockId="49.[264,1323,284,906]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Petiole composed of anterior carina and lunate, horizontal surface with median carina but otherwise quite shiny without evident crenulae. Gaster in dorsal view dark, in lateral view terga with greenish luster dorsally and distinct violaceous luster ventrally; about 1.2 x as long as head and mesosoma combined. Syntergum short and stubby, only about 0.2 x as long as remaining gaster and in lateral view about 1.5 x as long as high, with cercus at basal margin; uniformly setose and sculptured.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7213C827510AFFFFFEA9FDC67A407377" blockId="49.[264,1323,284,906]" box="[312,533,522,548]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">MALE. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC510AFFFFFEA9FDFE7A4B731F" box="[312,542,562,588]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="7213C827510AFFFFFEA9FDFE7A4B731F" blockId="49.[264,1323,284,906]" box="[312,542,562,588]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="40D81435510AFFFFFEA9FDFE79C9731F" bold="true" box="[312,412,562,588]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Biology.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3AB69BAC510AFFFFFEA9FD957CD672D9" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="7213C827510AFFFFFEA9FD957CD672D9" blockId="49.[264,1323,284,906]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="40D81435510AFFFFFEA9FD9579967320" bold="true" box="[312,451,601,627]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Discussion.</emphasis>
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The unique female of
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4510AFFFFFD41FD967B2A7320" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[720,895,602,627]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulifrons">
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<emphasis id="40D81435510AFFFFFD41FD967B2A7320" box="[720,895,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">B. reticulifrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is quite dirty and for this reason the described color probably is not entirely accurate for the species, but females are uniquely distinguished by having the face almost uniformly reticulate with linear interstices. Furthermore, the facial setae arise virtually from the interstices forming the reticulations. Other known species of
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4510AFFFFFDBBFD357A287241" box="[554,637,761,786]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="40D81435510AFFFFFDBBFD357A287241" box="[554,637,761,786]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Balcha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have at least the parascrobal region punctate or punctatealveolate with flat interstices and the facial setae arising variably distinctly closer to the middle of the punctures. It is also the only species other than
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<taxonomicName id="B5ACB3A4510AFFFFFC60FC847CFB7232" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2005" box="[1009,1198,840,865]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Balcha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctiscutum">
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<emphasis id="40D81435510AFFFFFC60FC847CFB7232" box="[1009,1198,840,865]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">B. punctiscutum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that has a distinct furrow on the mesoscutum anterior to the inner margin of the axilla.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |