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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7d31854-a2d4-4a1f-bb70-2c19ba34103d" ID-PMC="PMC6917628" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-898-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18" ID-PubMed="31866733" ID-ZooBank="52448626026D4D5BBB755097E06814D7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-898-27" checkinTime="1575997084172" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sharaf, Mostafa R., Aldawood, Abdulrahman S. &amp; Garcia, Francisco Hita" docDate="2019" docId="FA049D8064E658BAA42925CA86ED5C1B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 898: 27-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 898" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531" docTitle="Crematogaster laestrygon Emery" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18" masterDocTitle="Review of the Arabian Crematogaster Lund (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), synoptic list, distribution, and description of two new species from Oman and Saudi Arabia" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1668168224651" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Review of the Arabian Crematogaster Lund (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), synoptic list, distribution, and description of two new species from Oman and Saudi Arabia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sharaf, Mostafa R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Aldawood, Abdulrahman S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Garcia, Francisco Hita</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>898</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>27</mods:start>
<mods:end>81</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-898-27</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">52448626026D4D5BBB755097E06814D7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160689284" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA049D8064E658BAA42925CA86ED5C1B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA049D8064E658BAA42925CA86ED5C1B" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName LSID="FA049D80-64E6-58BA-A429-25CA86ED5C1B" authority="Emery" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster laestrygon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laestrygon">Crematogaster laestrygon Emery</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. C. laestrygon A body in profile B body in dorsal view C head in full-face view, CASENT 0912691 (Zach Lieberman), www. AntWeb. org." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363791" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure24">
Figure 24
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="taxonomic history">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster laestrygon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laestrygon">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Crematogaster laestrygon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Emery, 1869b: 135 (w.) Italy:
<bibRefCitation author="De Stefani, T" journalOrPublisher="Il Naturalista Siciliano" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="140 - 145" refId="B31" refString="De Stefani, T, 1889. Miscellanea imenotterologica sicula. Il Naturalista Siciliano 8: 140 - 145" title="Miscellanea imenotterologica sicula." volume="8" year="1889">De Stefani 1889</bibRefCitation>
: 145 (q.);
<bibRefCitation author="Baroni Urbani, C" journalOrPublisher="Atti dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="25 - 66" refId="B3" refString="Baroni Urbani, C, 1964. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. II. Formiche di Sicilia. Atti dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali 46: 25 - 66" title="Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. II. Formiche di Sicilia." volume="46" year="1964">Baroni Urbani 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 43 (q.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Combination in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster (Acrocoelia)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Acrocoelia">Crematogaster (Acrocoelia)</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura, Portici" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B38" refString="Emery, C, 1922. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [part]. Genera Insectorum 174B: 95-206." title="Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [part]. Genera Insectorum 174 B: 95 - 206." year="1922">Emery 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 142; in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crematogaster</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName lsidName="(Crematogaster)" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Crematogaster">Crematogaster)</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Bolton, B" journalOrPublisher="Harvard University Press, Cambridge" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B10" refString="Bolton, B, 1995. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge" title="A new general catalogue of the ants of the world." year="1995">Bolton 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 166.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Subspecies of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. scutellaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="441 - 481" refId="B41" refString="Emery, C, Forel, A, 1879. Catalogue des Formicides d'Europe. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 5: 441 - 481" title="Catalogue des Formicides d'Europe." volume="5" year="1879">Emery and Forel 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 464;
<bibRefCitation author="Andre, E" journalOrPublisher="Edmond Andre, Beaune" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B2" refString="Andre, E, 1883. Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme. Edmond Andre, Beaune" title="Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme." year="1883">
<normalizedToken originalValue="André">Andre</normalizedToken>
1883
</bibRefCitation>
: 393; of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. schmidti" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="schmidti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. schmidti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B35" refString="Emery, C, 1891. Exploration scientifique de la Tunisie. Zoologie. Hymenopteres. Revision critique des fourmis de la Tunisie. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, iii + 21 pp." title="Exploration scientifique de la Tunisie. Zoologie. Hymenopteres. Revision critique des fourmis de la Tunisie. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, iii + 21 pp." year="1891">Emery 1891</bibRefCitation>
: 15; of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. auberti" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="auberti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. auberti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Forel, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="147 - 158" refId="B48" refString="Forel, A, 1902. Les fourmis du Sahara algerien recoltees par M. le Professeur A. Lameere et le Dr. A. Diehl. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 46: 147 - 158" title="Les fourmis du Sahara algerien recoltees par M. le Professeur A. Lameere et le Dr. A. Diehl." volume="46" year="1902">Forel 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 154;
<bibRefCitation author="Ruzsky, M" journalOrPublisher="Protokoly Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei pri Imperatorskom Kazanskom Universitete" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 33" refId="B80" refString="Ruzsky, M, 1902. Material on the ant fauna of the Caucasus and the Crimea. [In Russian.]. Protokoly Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei pri Imperatorskom Kazanskom Universitete 206: 1 - 33" title="Material on the ant fauna of the Caucasus and the Crimea. [In Russian.]." volume="206" year="1902">Ruzsky 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 31;
<bibRefCitation author="Stitz, H" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="333 - 353" refId="B98" refString="Stitz, H, 1917. Ameisen aus dem westlichen Mittelmeergebiet und von den Kanarischen Inseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 8: 333 - 353" title="Ameisen aus dem westlichen Mittelmeergebiet und von den Kanarischen Inseln." volume="8" year="1917">Stitz 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 341;
<bibRefCitation author="Santschi, F" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="68 - 77" refId="B87" refString="Santschi, F, 1921. Formicides nouveaux de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 12: 68 - 77" title="Formicides nouveaux de l'Afrique du Nord." volume="12" year="1921">Santschi 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 70;
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura, Portici" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B38" refString="Emery, C, 1922. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [part]. Genera Insectorum 174B: 95-206." title="Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [part]. Genera Insectorum 174 B: 95 - 206." year="1922">Emery 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 142;
<bibRefCitation author="Santschi, F" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="165 - 177" refId="B90" refString="Santschi, F, 1934. Fourmis du Sahara central. Memoires de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 4: 165 - 177" title="Fourmis du Sahara central." volume="4" year="1934">Santschi 1934</bibRefCitation>
: 167.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Status as species:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21869" author="Forel, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="103 - 106" refId="B51" refString="Forel, A, 1909. Fourmis d'Espagne recoltees par M. O. Vogt et Mme Cecile Vogt, Docteurs en medecine. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 53: 103 - 106" title="Fourmis d'Espagne recoltees par M. O. Vogt et Mme Cecile Vogt, Docteurs en medecine." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21869" volume="53" year="1909">Forel 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 104;
<bibRefCitation author="Santschi, F" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="54 - 63" refId="B85" refString="Santschi, F, 1915. Nouvelles fourmis d'Algerie, Tunisie et Syrie. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 6: 54 - 63" title="Nouvelles fourmis d'Algerie, Tunisie et Syrie." volume="6" year="1915">Santschi 1915</bibRefCitation>
: 59;
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B40" refString="Emery, C, 1926. Ultime note mirmecologiche.58: 1-9." title="Ultime note mirmecologiche. 58: 1 - 9." year="1926">Emery 1926</bibRefCitation>
: 2;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/25130107" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="93 - 120" refId="B102" refString="Wheeler, WM, 1927. The ants of the Canary Islands. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 62: 93 - 120" title="The ants of the Canary Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/25130107" volume="62" year="1927">Wheeler 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 106;
<bibRefCitation author="Santschi, F" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="198 - 210" refId="B92" refString="Santschi, F, 1936. Liste et descriptions de fourmis du Maroc. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc 16: 198 - 210" title="Liste et descriptions de fourmis du Maroc." volume="16" year="1936">Santschi 1936</bibRefCitation>
: 201.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Current subspecies:
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="airensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon airensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Santschi,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="atlantis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon atlantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Santschi,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="canariensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon canariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Barquín">Barquin</normalizedToken>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="diminuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon diminuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Santschi,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="granulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon granulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Santschi,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="maura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon maura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Forel,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="submaura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon submaura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lomnicki,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="theryi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon theryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Santschi,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="vivax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon vivax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Santschi.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsp." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster laestrygon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="vaucheri">Crematogaster laestrygon subsp. vaucheri</taxonomicName>
Emery, 1926: 2 (w.) Morocco.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
[First available use of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster auberti var. vaucheri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="auberti" stage="laestrygon" variety="vaucheri">Crematogaster auberti st. laestrygon var. vaucheri</taxonomicName>
Santschi, 1921: 71; unavailable name.] Junior synonym of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="laestrygon">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Collingwood, CA" journalOrPublisher="EOS Revista Espanola de Entomologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="65 - 95" refId="B23" refString="Collingwood, CA, 1978. A provisional list of Iberian Formicidae with a key to the worker caste (Hym. Aculeata). EOS Revista Espanola de Entomologia 52: 65 - 95" title="A provisional list of Iberian Formicidae with a key to the worker caste (Hym. Aculeata)." volume="52" year="1978">Collingwood 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 69.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Yemen</emphasis>
: Hada,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sana’a">Sana'a</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="15.3">15.3N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.166667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.166668">44.166667E</geoCoordinate>
, 15.vii.1988 (P. Haney) (1 w, CASC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="geographic range">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Geographic range.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
This species is originally described from Italy and widespread in southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (
<bibRefCitation author="Borowiec, L" journalOrPublisher="Genus (Wroclaw)" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 340" refId="B13" refString="Borowiec, L, 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25: 1 - 340" title="Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="25" year="2014">Borowiec 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Guenard, B" journalOrPublisher="Myrmecological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="83 - 89" refId="B53" refString="Guenard, B, Weiser, M, Gomez, K, Narula, N, Economo, EP, 2017. The Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics (GABI) database: a synthesis of ant species geographic distributions. Myrmecological News 24: 83 - 89" title="The Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics (GABI) database: a synthesis of ant species geographic distributions." volume="24" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guénard">Guenard</normalizedToken>
et al. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
; Janicki et al. 2017). The Arabian records are from the KSA and Yemen (
<bibRefCitation author="Borowiec, L" journalOrPublisher="Genus (Wroclaw)" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 340" refId="B13" refString="Borowiec, L, 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25: 1 - 340" title="Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="25" year="2014">Borowiec 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Collingwood, CA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="230 - 302" refId="B24" refString="Collingwood, CA, 1985. Hymenoptera: Fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 7: 230 - 302" title="Hymenoptera: Fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia." volume="7" year="1985">Collingwood 1985</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Collingwood, CA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="300 - 385" refId="B26" refString="Collingwood, CA, Agosti, D, 1996. Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of Saudi Arabia (part 2). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 15: 300 - 385" title="Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of Saudi Arabia (part 2)." volume="15" year="1996">Collingwood and Agosti 1996</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Distribution map of C. laestrygon, C. mimosae, C. oasium, and C. senegalensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363792" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure25">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
This is a good example of a
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Crematogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with a complex and uncertain taxonomic situation. It is relatively widespread in the Mediterranean and Middle East and currently has nine subspecies. It is doubtful that they are conspecific and it is possible that this is a species complex. As outlined below, we consider
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="subspecies" species="laestrygon" subspecies="striaticeps">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon striaticeps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sufficiently different to raise it to the rank of species.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363791" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="laestrygon">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
body in profile
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
body in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view, CASENT0912691 (Zach Lieberman), www.AntWeb.org.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363792" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 25.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. laestrygon" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="laestrygon">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. laestrygon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mimosae" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="mimosae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. mimosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. oasium" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="oasium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. oasium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. senegalensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. senegalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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