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<document id="3F69B84AA16C1C1A0A9831C1CE5787ED" ID-CLB-Dataset="22322" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2018.448" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ba05318-1eec-44bc-8017-b6e2789b4811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814059" ID-ZooBank="413AE92E-862A-4879-B72F-1C0DCF1F7240" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588876693275" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Ramage, Thibault, Charlat, Sylvain &amp; Mengual, Ximo" docDate="2018" docId="FA02BC3CC96DFFB19578FE444D5C0208" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-448_ramage_charlat_mengual.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 448" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Allograpta exotica" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="063BC444C965FFB8974AFF9D4E550014" masterDocTitle="Flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of French Polynesia, with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698838903348" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="41A25AE7AFCEA666211F5B5E58B68B54" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="2972C75AB9EC2F566ADE068544313403">Flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of French Polynesia, with the description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9B937B71AA86514030D7DDD73EF4BBAB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0F99C3751E4138E5AE8EE3A67719C9D0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A3673DD8EB57E5675E2AE7C3EFB8EBE6">Ramage, Thibault</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D47037B5AB1B8F0643F81CF39165353B" type="LSID">8DE31F66-13BF-4516-A205-60F2EA39E3DD</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="99F9E266EE55F81DFC7F5FA96891737C">9 Quartier de la Glacière, 29900 Concarneau, France. Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, CNRS (UMR 5558), Université Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France. Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institut für Biodiversität der Tiere, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="20904D7A4E2FE8EE573369291170CFB3" type="email">thibault.ramage@hotmail.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="A568834DB4D2F46CA4FE47F318A38477">Charlat, Sylvain</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="157D56A0C5F9229398E67B566903AA93" type="LSID">A9AE69C2-039D-47FD-9DD2-B34C4363CB71</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1EF3C1B462C52681EA542A5586BF72CF" type="email">sylvain.charlat@univ-lyon1.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="21DE55D1F4AE3079585275599C33BC1B">Mengual, Ximo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4ED66B50CCB1B8F76C360BF7A1046283" type="email">x.mengual@leibniz-zfmk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="F4ADACF5BC5703340AE465EA74391D53">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E808D3DB2FEAE98F009E76AF3E45B380">
<mods:date id="CFB675118BB1013FA776ADA7CCF59E7D">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="891C9F7BB4DD980BE0ABA6FB2EEDFF16">2018-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A655BA949ECB82E2251C1587289750A1">448</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BA34FD98C019A8CF0A63365395C88AD7" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2018.448</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FA02BC3CC96DFFB19578FE444D5C0208" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3815679" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163977024" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3815679" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA02BC3CC96DFFB19578FE444D5C0208" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA02BC3CC96DFFB19578FE444D5C0208" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C96DFFB09578FE444A5401E0" box="[562,1025,473,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB09578FE444A5401E0" blockId="8.[562,1025,473,500]" box="[562,1025,473,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="295CBA46C96DFFB09578FE444A5401E0" box="[562,1025,473,500]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB09578FE444A5401E0" ID-CoL="89XBH" authority="(Wiedemann, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[562,1025,473,500]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB09578FE444D4501E0" bold="true" box="[562,784,473,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta exotica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB0946AFE444DAC01E0" author="Wiedemann C. R. W." box="[800,1017,473,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref22645" refString="Wiedemann C. R. W. 1830. Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Zweiter Theil. Schulz, Hamm, Germany. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 27759634 [accessed 8 Jun. 2018]." type="url" year="1830">Wiedemann, 1830</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C96DFFB097F7FD864C9C035A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FD864C9F024D" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FD864C9F024D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FD864CCE0221" author="Wiedemann C. R. W." box="[189,667,539,565]" page="136" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1830">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FD864CCE0221" ID-CoL="897N3" authority="Wiedemann, 1830: 136" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityPageNumber="136" authorityYear="1830" box="[189,667,539,565]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoticus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FD864FD60221" box="[189,387,539,565]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Syrphus exoticus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB096C0FD864CCE0221" author="Wiedemann C. R. W." box="[394,667,539,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref22645" refString="Wiedemann C. R. W. 1830. Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Zweiter Theil. Schulz, Hamm, Germany. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 27759634 [accessed 8 Jun. 2018]." type="url" year="1830">Wiedemann, 1830: 136</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C96DFFB095E6FD864D490222" box="[684,796,539,566]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
: ♂, NMW; type locality:
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB0930CFD864ADA0222" box="[1094,1167,539,566]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brazil</collectingCountry>
).
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FDA34C93024D" author="Thomson C. G." box="[189,710,574,601]" page="500" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1869">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FDA34C93024D" ID-CoL="8F88J" authority="Thomson, 1869: 500" authorityName="Thomson" authorityPageNumber="500" authorityYear="1869" box="[189,710,574,601]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrigemina">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FDA34F9D024C" box="[189,456,574,600]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Syrphus quadrigemina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB09684FDA34C93024D" author="Thomson C. G." box="[462,710,574,601]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="443 - 614" refId="ref22203" refString="Thomson C. G. 1869. Diptera. Species nova descripsit. In: Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies Resa omkring Jorden under Befal af C. A. Virgin, aren 1851 - 1853: 443 - 614. Vol. 2 (Zoologi), part 1 (Insecta). P. A. Norstedt &amp; Soner, Stockholm." type="journal article" year="1869">Thomson, 1869: 500</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FDFC4CEB0268" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" box="[189,702,609,636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FDFC4CEB0268" box="[189,702,609,636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FDFC4CEC0268" author="Osten Sacken C. R." box="[189,697,609,636]" page="331" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FDFC4CEC0268" ID-CoL="87MJJ" authority="Osten Sacken, 1877: 331" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityPageNumber="331" authorityYear="1877" box="[189,697,609,636]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fracta">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FDFC4FDC0268" box="[189,393,609,636]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta fracta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB096DBFDFF4CEC0268" author="Osten Sacken C. R." box="[401,697,609,636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="189 - 354" refId="ref20782" refString="Osten Sacken C. R. 1877. Western Diptera: Descriptions of new genera and species of Diptera from the region west of the Mississippi and especially from California. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 3: 189 - 354." type="journal article" year="1877">Osten Sacken, 1877: 331</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FD184C95028A" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" box="[189,704,644,671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FD184C95028A" box="[189,704,644,671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FD184CE8028A" author="Enderlein G." box="[189,701,644,671]" page="216" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FD184CE8028A" authority="Enderlein, 1938: 216" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="216" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,701,644,671]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interrupta">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FD184FEF028A" box="[189,442,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta interrupta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB09688FD184CE8028A" author="Enderlein G." box="[450,701,644,671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref18915" refString="Enderlein G. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1937: 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 216</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FD354CE002D6" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" box="[189,693,680,706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FD354CE002D6" box="[189,693,680,706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FD354CE402D6" author="Enderlein G." box="[189,689,680,706]" page="216" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FD354CE402D6" ID-CoL="87PD5" authority="Enderlein, 1938: 216" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="216" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,689,680,706]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavibuca">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FD354FFA02D6" box="[189,431,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta flavibuca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB096FCFD354CE402D6" author="Enderlein G." box="[438,689,680,706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref18915" refString="Enderlein G. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1937: 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 216</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FD564CBC02F1" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" box="[189,745,715,741]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FD564CBC02F1" box="[189,745,715,741]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FD564CB002F1" author="Enderlein G." box="[189,741,715,741]" page="217" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FD564CB002F1" ID-CoL="87PD2" authority="Enderlein, 1938: 217" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="217" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,741,715,741]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duplofasciata">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FD564FB602F1" box="[189,483,715,741]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta duplofasciata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB096A0FD564CB002F1" author="Enderlein G." box="[490,741,715,741]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref18915" refString="Enderlein G. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1937: 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 217</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FD734CE7031C" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" box="[189,690,750,776]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FD734CE7031C" box="[189,690,750,776]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FD734CFB031C" author="Enderlein G." box="[189,686,750,776]" page="220" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FD734CFB031C" ID-CoL="87PCQ" authority="Enderlein, 1938: 220" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="220" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,686,750,776]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilineata">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FD734FFE031C" box="[189,427,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta bilineata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB096F9FD734CFB031C" author="Enderlein G." box="[435,686,750,776]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref18915" refString="Enderlein G. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1937: 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 220</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FC8C4CE80338" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" box="[189,701,785,812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FC8C4CE80338" box="[189,701,785,812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FC8C4CEC0338" author="Enderlein G." box="[189,697,785,812]" page="220" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FC8C4CEC0338" ID-CoL="87PDW" authority="Enderlein, 1938: 220" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="220" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,697,785,812]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tucumana">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FC8C4FE2033F" box="[189,439,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta tucumana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB096F4FC8C4CEC0338" author="Enderlein G." box="[446,697,785,812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref18915" refString="Enderlein G. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1937: 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 220</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FCA84C9C035A" blockId="8.[189,1183,539,847]" box="[189,713,820,847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C96DFFB097F7FCA84C9C035A" box="[189,713,820,847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC96DFFB097F7FCA84C90035A" author="Enderlein G." box="[189,709,820,847]" page="663" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FCA84C90035A" ID-CoL="87PDR" authority="Enderlein, 1938: 663" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="663" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,709,820,847]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="skottsbergi">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FCA84F96035B" box="[189,451,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta skottsbergi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB09680FCA84C90035A" author="Enderlein G." box="[458,709,820,847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="192 - 237" refId="ref18915" refString="Enderlein G. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1937: 192 - 237." type="journal article" year="1938">Enderlein, 1938: 663</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C96DFFB097F7FCEB4C680411" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FCEB4F9C0384" blockId="8.[189,457,886,912]" box="[189,457,886,912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="295CBA46C96DFFB097F7FCEB4F9C0384" bold="true" box="[189,457,886,912]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FCEB4F9C0384" bold="true" box="[189,457,886,912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FC394C680411" blockId="8.[189,1398,932,1029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
This species differs from the two other species of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB0946CFC384DF003AB" box="[806,933,933,959]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB0946CFC384DF003AB" box="[806,933,933,959]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in this paper by having the scutellum entirely yellow and terga 4 and 5 with two longitudinal yellow vittae connected (or not) basomedially with the lateral oblique maculae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C96DFFB097F7FBB14F7A05AA" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FBB14FFF0452" blockId="8.[189,426,1068,1094]" box="[189,426,1068,1094]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="295CBA46C96DFFB097F7FBB14FFF0452" bold="true" box="[189,426,1068,1094]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FBB14FFF0452" bold="true" box="[189,426,1068,1094]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation id="C2C30777C96DFFB097A0FBC64F2704CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610755303" collectionCode="NMW" collectorName="Coll. Wiedem." country="Brazil" determinerName="Det. &amp; X. Mengual" location="BRAZIL" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097A0FBC64F090461" blockId="8.[189,1398,1115,1247]" box="[234,348,1115,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097A0FBC64F090461" bold="true" box="[234,348,1115,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C96DFFB097A0FBC64F090461" box="[234,348,1115,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FBE34F2704CB" blockId="8.[189,1398,1115,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB097F7FBE34F79048C" box="[189,300,1150,1176]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
: ♂, “
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB0962DFBE24C5F048C" box="[359,522,1151,1177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB0962DFBE24FB3048C" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[359,486,1151,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">Sc. exotica</taxonomicName>
m.
</emphasis>
//
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB09562FBE34CD2048C" box="[552,647,1150,1176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Brasilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB09562FBE34CD2048C" box="[552,647,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brasilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. //
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB095E6FBE24D16048C" box="[684,835,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB095E6FBE24CB7048C" box="[684,738,1151,1176]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mus</taxonomicName>
. r. Berol
</emphasis>
.”, “
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB09439FBE24D9D048C" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[883,968,1151,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB09439FBE24D9D048C" box="[883,968,1151,1176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">exotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<collectorName id="DF5E68FCC96DFFB094ACFBE34AC3048C" box="[998,1174,1150,1176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Coll. Wiedem.</collectorName>
”, “
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C96DFFB093FEFBE34B0A048C" box="[1204,1375,1150,1176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
//
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB097F7FB3C4F4904AF" box="[189,284,1185,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FB3C4F4904AF" box="[189,284,1185,1211]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Syrphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB09676FB3F4F8604AF" authority="Wied" authorityName="Wied" box="[316,467,1185,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB09676FB3F4F8604AF" box="[316,467,1185,1211]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">exotica Wied</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
// Desig.Thompson 19
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB095A8FB3F4CAA04A8" box="[738,767,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">77</emphasis>
” [yellow], “
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB094DEFB3C4A4604AF" box="[916,1043,1185,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB094DEFB3C4A4604AF" box="[916,1043,1185,1211]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB09379FB3F4ADD04AF" box="[1075,1160,1186,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB09379FB3F4ADD04AF" box="[1075,1160,1186,1211]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">exotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<determinerName id="87C8E1EEC96DFFB093E2FB3F4A8B04A8" box="[1192,1246,1186,1212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Det.</determinerName>
:
<determinerName id="87C8E1EEC96DFFB093A0FB3F4B2304AF" box="[1258,1398,1185,1212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">X. Mengual</determinerName>
2014” (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC96DFFB0965EFB584F3304CB" box="[276,358,1221,1247]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">NMW</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FA9B4C570534" blockId="8.[189,514,1286,1312]" box="[189,514,1286,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="295CBA46C96DFFB097F7FA9B4C570534" bold="true" box="[189,514,1286,1312]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FA9B4C570534" bold="true" box="[189,514,1286,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FAA94DAB055B" blockId="8.[189,1022,1332,1359]" box="[189,1022,1332,1359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
The Americas, from
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB096FAFAA84FBC055B" box="[432,489,1333,1359]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
south to
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB0951EFAA94C99055A" box="[596,716,1332,1358]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, and Hawaii (introduced).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FAEB4C5F0584" blockId="8.[189,522,1398,1424]" box="[189,522,1398,1424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="295CBA46C96DFFB097F7FAEB4C5F0584" bold="true" box="[189,522,1398,1424]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FAEB4C5F0584" bold="true" box="[189,522,1398,1424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Status in
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB09678FAEB4C5F0584" box="[306,522,1398,1424]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FA394F7A05AA" blockId="8.[189,303,1444,1470]" box="[189,303,1444,1470]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Doutbful.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C96DFFB097F7FA7B4FE0063B" box="[189,437,1510,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7FA7B4F100614" blockId="8.[189,325,1510,1536]" box="[189,325,1510,1536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="295CBA46C96DFFB097F7FA7B4F100614" bold="true" box="[189,325,1510,1536]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7FA7B4F100614" bold="true" box="[189,325,1510,1536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">References</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7F9894FE0063B" blockId="8.[189,437,1556,1583]" box="[189,437,1556,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB097F7F9894F3B063B" author="Fluke C. L." box="[189,366,1556,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19093" refString="Fluke C. L. 1942. Revision of the Neotropical Syrphini related to Syrphus (Diptera, Syrphidae). American Museum Novitates 1201: 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1942">Fluke 1942: 19</bibRefCitation>
(cit.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C96DFFB197F7F9CB4D5C0208" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB097F7F9CB4F7A0664" blockId="8.[189,303,1622,1648]" box="[189,303,1622,1648]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="295CBA46C96DFFB097F7F9CB4F7A0664" bold="true" box="[189,303,1622,1648]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB097F7F9CB4F7A0664" bold="true" box="[189,303,1622,1648]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC96DFFB197F7F9194D5C0208" blockId="8.[189,1399,1668,2012]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,267,540]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
This is a widespread species on the American continents, introduced in Hawaii, and not present in
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB0926FF9194F6606D6" name="French Polynesia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
. We have included this taxon in our species list because
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB0948AF9354A0206D6" author="Fluke C. L." box="[960,1111,1704,1730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19093" refString="Fluke C. L. 1942. Revision of the Neotropical Syrphini related to Syrphus (Diptera, Syrphidae). American Museum Novitates 1201: 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1942">Fluke (1942)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned records from the Crocker Expedition in Rikitea (
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB09527F9564D1406F1" box="[621,833,1739,1765]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
, Gambier Islands, Mangareva Island). Charles Templeton Crocker (
<date id="06152BEAC96DFFB096E7F9734C61071C" box="[429,564,1774,1800]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1884" valueMax="1948">1884–1948</date>
) made several expeditions from
<date id="06152BEAC96DFFB094E4F9734A12071C" box="[942,1095,1774,1801]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1931" valueMax="1938">1931 to 1938</date>
(
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB0931EF9734ABF071D" author="SNAC" box="[1108,1258,1774,1801]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1884 - 1948" refId="ref21730" refString="SNAC. 2016. SNAC (social networks and archival context). Crocker, Templeton, 1884 - 1948. Available from: http: // socialarchive. iath. virginia. edu / ark: / 99166 / w 6 z 60 q 6 z [accessed 20 Apr. 2017]." type="book chapter" year="2016">SNAC 2016</bibRefCitation>
), but visited
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB097F7F88C4FDD073F" box="[189,392,1809,1835]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
only once. Between
<date id="06152BEAC96DFFB095CAF88C4D27073F" box="[640,882,1808,1836]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1934-09-15">
September 15
<superScript id="85DEA062C96DFFB09468F88D4D7A070A" attach="left" box="[802,815,1808,1822]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">th</superScript>
1934
</date>
and
<date id="06152BEAC96DFFB094E0F88C4A0B0738" box="[938,1118,1808,1836]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1935-04-16">
April 16
<superScript id="85DEA062C96DFFB09346F88D4A4C070A" attach="left" box="[1036,1049,1808,1822]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">th</superScript>
1935
</date>
, the American Museum of Natural History funded a scientific expedition to the South Pacific, including Eastern Polynesia, the so-called Templeton Crocker Pacific Expedition, with the following ports:
<collectingRegion id="B06FC3C8C96DFFB09321F8C54AB80766" box="[1131,1261,1880,1906]" country="French Polynesia" name="Iles Marquises" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Marquesas</collectingRegion>
, Tuamotus, Australs, Mangareva,
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96DFFB09680F8E64C7D0781" box="[458,552,1915,1941]" name="Pitcairn" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pitcairn</collectingCountry>
, Easter, Valparaiso, Chinchas and the Galapagos Islands.
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB093B8F8E64F5907AC" author="van Duzee E. P." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="111 - 126" refId="ref18780" refString="van Duzee E. P. 1937. The Hemiptera of the Templeton Crocker Expedition to Polynesia in 1934 - 1935. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4 th series 22 (4): 111 - 126." type="journal article" year="1937">Van Duzee (1937)</bibRefCitation>
gave details on this expedition. Unlike other expeditions (
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB0949CF8034A2707AC" author="Curran C. H." box="[982,1138,1950,1976]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="147 - 172" refId="ref18599" refString="Curran C. H. 1934. The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. Diptera. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4 th series 21 (13): 147 - 172." type="journal article" year="1934">Curran 1934</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96DFFB093CBF8034AEA07AD" author="Curran C. H." box="[1153,1215,1950,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref18641" refString="Curran C. H. 1936. The Templeton Crocker Expedition to western Polynesian and Melanesian islands, 1933. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4 th series 22 (1): 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1936">1936</bibRefCitation>
), we could not find any report of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB096DFF85C4FB807CF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[405,493,1985,2011]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
collected during the
<date id="06152BEAC96DFFB095A2F85C4D3907C8" box="[744,876,1985,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1934" valueMax="1935">1934–1935</date>
journey. The interesting part for the present dilemma is that the expedition visited only one island of the Gambier Islands, Mangareva (Rikitea is a small town on Mangareva), to get some fuel before they left towards
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96CFFB19345FEB34AEE015C" box="[1039,1211,302,328]" name="Pitcairn Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pitcairn Island</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96CFFB19381FEB34B3F015D" author="Chapin J. P." box="[1227,1386,302,329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="281 - 285" refId="ref18438" refString="Chapin J. P. 1935. The Templeton Crocker Pacific Expedition. The Scientific Monthly 41 (3): 281 - 285." type="journal article" year="1935">Chapin 1935</bibRefCitation>
). On the return journey, the expedition visited Easter, Juan Fernandez and the Galapagos Islands, and
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96CFFB197F7FEE84F63019B" box="[189,310,373,399]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96CFFB197F7FEE84F63019B" box="[189,310,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. exotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported from Easter Island (
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96CFFB19458FEE84D8C0184" author="Thompson F. C." box="[786,985,373,400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="130" refId="ref22114" refString="Thompson F. C. 2015. Flower flies of Eastern Island (Diptera: Syrphidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 151: 130." type="journal article" year="2015">Thompson 2015</bibRefCitation>
) and from Juan Fernandez (
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC96CFFB19278FEE84EA901A7" author="Fluke C. L." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="39 - 43" refId="ref19123" refString="Fluke C. L. 1955. Los insectos de las Islas Juan Fernandez. 18. Syrphidae (Diptera). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 4: 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1955">Fluke 1955</bibRefCitation>
). We strongly believe that
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96CFFB19505FE044C9F01A6" box="[591,714,409,435]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96CFFB19505FE044C9F01A6" box="[591,714,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. exotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not occur in
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC96CFFB194F6FE054AD901A6" box="[956,1164,408,434]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
and if a specimen with such a label exists, it is very likely due to mislabelling. Another option is a misidentification of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96CFFB197F7FE424F0A01ED" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[189,351,479,505]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripilosa">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96CFFB197F7FE424F0A01ED" box="[189,351,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. nigripilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Fluke, although this seems unlikely based on his taxonomic expertise. Consequently,
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96CFFB197F7FD9F4F660208" box="[189,307,514,540]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exotica">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96CFFB197F7FD9F4F660208" box="[189,307,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. exotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not included in the identification key.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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