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<document id="8B78F18E6D6F8A2C5FE400909B5F9DFA" ID-CLB-Dataset="22322" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2018.448" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ba05318-1eec-44bc-8017-b6e2789b4811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814059" ID-ZooBank="413AE92E-862A-4879-B72F-1C0DCF1F7240" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588876693275" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Ramage, Thibault, Charlat, Sylvain &amp; Mengual, Ximo" docDate="2018" docId="FA02BC3CC961FFB0950BFA044DF501A6" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-448_ramage_charlat_mengual.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 448" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Allograpta amphotera" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="063BC444C965FFB8974AFF9D4E550014" masterDocTitle="Flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of French Polynesia, with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698838903348" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="41B499DB67832831F1DD0EBDE9E7220E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="45911EAF6574FC2E2AC93E34CE071D47">
<mods:title id="EE8749F8DDBD396945F01CA4DB1084F9">Flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of French Polynesia, with the description of two new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D348418A42C2F2AD3B707B0793CC7C78" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4934DA07AC14D76D4ED8480E19903000">
<mods:roleTerm id="C4F63F6DD02298FCB513D9AA20168A79">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="880EBB1E0EE6211F6136D876433D1F7C">Ramage, Thibault</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E86AC774311C053ABCDBAC66B2DCC8FE" type="LSID">8DE31F66-13BF-4516-A205-60F2EA39E3DD</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4862D12D8B02EBD22E0B3DFFA84D2679">9 Quartier de la Glacière, 29900 Concarneau, France. Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, CNRS (UMR 5558), Université Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France. Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institut für Biodiversität der Tiere, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="86BCFF5064BAEC37D1EC1BEE406B6187" type="email">thibault.ramage@hotmail.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="47891A48E5C74A82C0B398D824125A31" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A978E2D3E2E4C7B779479E5F39009CAE">Charlat, Sylvain</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D1FDBBC092895407688874E1423960C3" type="LSID">A9AE69C2-039D-47FD-9DD2-B34C4363CB71</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F46AC1957358C8C1E55816C35B4F9C5F" type="email">sylvain.charlat@univ-lyon1.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3221A93145CA1611AC93F84E82FF7FEE">Mengual, Ximo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="09AB55A65DCA782B32E126B18952FE9D" type="LSID">A509310D-B567-4830-B8A4-BCB139BB8768</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5BEC4C4994F3AD8986E43D8695B3D9E4" type="email">x.mengual@leibniz-zfmk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="95AB1E45D4A37EACA25CF0C832390927">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A22BC64B59CD439B1115E81155C18BDC">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E0064D92F19FFA3A11697EE44954C7D8">
<mods:date id="48B352C54C518040DA9634FB0D76EABA">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="63218CB107F764B4B19815560D03DD46">2018-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="26D2CCD538159A8BD15FA488DDDDD426" type="volume">
<mods:number id="185736E882DEA5A38DF776BA9DBEDEFF">448</mods:number>
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<treatment id="FA02BC3CC961FFB0950BFA044DF501A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3815665" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163977026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3815665" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA02BC3CC961FFB0950BFA044DF501A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA02BC3CC961FFB0950BFA044DF501A6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C961FFBC950BFA044DA705A0" box="[577,1010,1433,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC950BFA044DA705A0" blockId="4.[577,1010,1433,1495]" box="[577,1010,1433,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="295CBA46C961FFBC950BFA044DA705A0" box="[577,1010,1433,1460]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C961FFBC950BFA044DA705A0" ID-CoL="89X9X" authority="(Bezzi, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[577,1010,1433,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphotera">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC950BFA044D1E05A0" bold="true" box="[577,843,1433,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Allograpta amphotera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC961FFBC9411FA074DBF05A0" author="Bezzi M." box="[859,1002,1434,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref18118" refString="Bezzi M. 1928. Diptera Brachycera and Athericera of the Fiji Islands based on Material in the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum, London." type="book" year="1928">Bezzi, 1928</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C961FFBC958AFA204D2605C3" box="[704,883,1469,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC958AFA204D2605C3" blockId="4.[577,1010,1433,1495]" box="[704,883,1469,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<figureCitation id="EA9011AFC961FFBC958AFA204D7505C3" box="[704,800,1469,1495]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1331,265,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[244,1343,244,1870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. A. Allograpta amphotera (Bezzi, 1928), holotype, ♂, dorsal view. B. Allograpta jacqui Mengual &amp; Ramage sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (ZFMK-DIP-00019707), dorsal view. C. Allograpta nigripilosa (Hull, 1944), ♂, dorsal view (photograph by F. Jacq). D. Ischiodon scutellaris (Fabricius, 1805), ♂ (ZFMK- DIP-00019713), dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814063/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EA9011AFC961FFBC9467FA204D6C05C3" box="[813,825,1469,1495]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[265,1325,266,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[244,1344,248,1841]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. AB. Allograpta amphotera (Bezzi, 1928), holotype, ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Frontal view. CD. Allograpta jacqui Mengual &amp; Ramage sp. nov., holotype, ♂, (ZFMK-DIP-00026906). C. Lateral view. D. Frontal view. EF. A. nigripilosa (Hull, 1944), ♂ (photographs by F. Jacq). E. Lateral view. F. Frontal view. GH. Ischiodon scutellaris (Fabricius, 1805), ♂ (ZFMK-DIP-00019713). G. Lateral view. H. Frontal view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814065/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</figureCitation>
AB
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C961FFBC97F7FA624F230628" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC97F7FA624F230628" blockId="4.[189,1398,1534,1596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52BB2A04C961FFBC97F7FA624F230628" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<treatmentCitation id="F30A2B3BC961FFBC97F7FA624CB8060D" author="Bezzi M." box="[189,749,1534,1561]" page="74" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1928">
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C961FFBC97F7FA624CB8060D" ID-CoL="8FMYL" authority="Bezzi, 1928: 74" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1928" box="[189,749,1534,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Xanthogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphoterum">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC97F7FA624C43060D" box="[189,534,1535,1561]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xanthogramma amphoterum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC961FFBC956FFA634CB8060D" author="Bezzi M." box="[549,749,1534,1561]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref18118" refString="Bezzi M. 1928. Diptera Brachycera and Athericera of the Fiji Islands based on Material in the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum, London." type="book" year="1928">Bezzi, 1928: 74</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C961FFBC944EFA634D24060C" box="[772,881,1534,1560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: ♂, BMNH; type locality:
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC961FFBC9384FA634B27060C" box="[1230,1394,1534,1560]" name="Cook Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cook Islands</collectingCountry>
, Rarotonga).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C961FFBC97F7F9C64C9E071A" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC97F7F9C64F9C0661" blockId="4.[189,457,1627,1653]" box="[189,457,1627,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="295CBA46C961FFBC97F7F9C64F9C0661" bold="true" box="[189,457,1627,1653]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC97F7F9C64F9C0661" bold="true" box="[189,457,1627,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC97F7F9174C9E071A" blockId="4.[189,1398,1674,1806]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Species with yellow face with a medial black vitta, scutum black with a continuous lateral yellow vitta from postpronotum to scutellum, scutellum yellow with a median black macula, terga 2 and 5 with two lateral yellow maculae and terga 3 and 4 with a broad yellow fascia. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C961FFBC93D3F94C4B6E06FF" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1177,1339,1745,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripilosa">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC93D3F94C4B6E06FF" box="[1177,1339,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. nigripilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only in the wing microtrichia, as stated in the key.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C961FFBD97F7F8A84CEE0440" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC97F7F8A84FFF075B" blockId="4.[189,426,1845,1871]" box="[189,426,1845,1871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="295CBA46C961FFBC97F7F8A84FFF075B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1845,1871]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC97F7F8A84FFF075B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1845,1871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation id="C2C30777C961FFBC97A0F8F94F6507F3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610755301" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="H. W. Simmonds" country="Fiji" location="FIJI" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC97A0F8F94F09076A" blockId="4.[189,1399,1892,2023]" box="[234,348,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC97A0F8F94F09076A" bold="true" box="[234,348,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C961FFBC97A0F8F94F09076A" box="[234,348,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC961FFBC97F7F81A4F6507F3" blockId="4.[189,1399,1892,2023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC961FFBC97F7F81A4EA407B5" box="[189,241,1927,1953]" name="Fiji" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIJI</collectingCountry>
: ♂, “Holo- //
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C961FFBC96C5F81A4F9107B5" box="[399,452,1927,1953]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
” [round, red margin], “
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC959CF8154D3D07B5" box="[726,872,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rarotonga 9</emphasis>
//
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC94CCF81A4D9407B5" box="[902,961,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1920</emphasis>
. //
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC94ACF8154ACA07B5" box="[998,1183,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<collectorName id="DF5E68FCC961FFBC94ACF8154ACA07B5" box="[998,1183,1927,1953]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H.W. Simmonds</collectorName>
</emphasis>
” “
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C961FFBC938AF81A4B2207B5" box="[1216,1399,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Xanthogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC938AF81A4B2207B5" box="[1216,1399,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xanthogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C961FFBC979CF8374F3F07D0" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1928" box="[214,362,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Xanthogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphoterum">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC979CF8374F3F07D0" box="[214,362,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">amphoterum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<emphasis id="40DFD138C961FFBC96C6F8364C7C07D0" box="[396,553,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C961FFBC96C6F8364F9607D0" box="[396,451,1963,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
Ƌg n.sp
</emphasis>
.” [red ink], “Fiji Is. // Pres.by // Imp.Bur.Ent. // Brit.
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C961FFBC93E7F8364AB007D1" box="[1197,1253,1963,1989]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mus</taxonomicName>
. // 19291.” (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC961FFBC978FF8504F7107F3" box="[197,292,1997,2023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97A0FE964F320131" blockId="5.[189,1399,267,363]" box="[234,359,267,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97A0FE964F320131" bold="true" box="[234,359,267,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C960FFBD97A0FE964F320131" box="[234,359,267,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FEB24F65017F" blockId="5.[189,1399,267,363]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD97F7FEB24EA4015D" box="[189,241,303,329]" name="Fiji" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIJI</collectingCountry>
: 1 ♂, Movua,
<date id="06152BEAC960FFBD96D6FEB24C4F015C" box="[412,538,302,329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1920-11">Nov. 1920</date>
, H.K. Simmonds leg. (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC960FFBD9460FEB34DDC015C" box="[810,905,302,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BMNH</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="64ADC6A3C960FFBD94D4FEB34D9E015D" box="[926,971,302,329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, Lautoka,
<date id="06152BEAC960FFBD9303FEB34A9D015C" box="[1097,1224,302,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1919-08">Aug. 1919</date>
, R. Veitch leg. (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC960FFBD978FFECC4F71017F" box="[197,292,337,363]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97A0FE164FF301B1" blockId="5.[189,1351,395,457]" box="[234,422,395,421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97A0FE164FF301B1" bold="true" box="[234,422,395,421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Other material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FE334B1201DC" blockId="5.[189,1351,395,457]" box="[189,1351,430,457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD97F7FE334F8801DC" box="[189,477,430,456]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FRENCH POLYNESIA</collectingCountry>
: 1 ♂, Austral Islands, Rurutu,
<date id="06152BEAC960FFBD940AFE324DEE01DD" box="[832,955,430,457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1925-03">Mar. 1925</date>
, St. George Expedition (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC960FFBD9396FE334B6E01DC" box="[1244,1339,430,456]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FE754AD40232" blockId="5.[189,1398,488,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD97F7FE754FC90216" box="[189,412,488,514]" name="Cook Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">COOK ISLANDS</collectingCountry>
: 1 ♂, Rarotonga, Avatiu Valley,
<date id="06152BEAC960FFBD9460FE754D840216" box="[810,977,488,515]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1999-03-28">28 Mar. 1999</date>
, C. Wilkinson leg. (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC960FFBD9383FE754B7D0216" box="[1225,1320,488,514]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BMNH</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="64ADC6A3C960FFBD9275FE754B3A0217" box="[1343,1391,488,515]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, Rarotonga, Avarua,
<quantity id="B553A0CFC960FFBD96EDFD914C5A0232" box="[423,527,524,550]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="100.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="0.0">0200 m</quantity>
a.s.l.,
<date id="06152BEAC960FFBD9511FD914D480232" box="[603,797,524,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1979-11" valueMax="1979-12-31" valueMin="1979-11-00">Nov.Dec. 1979</date>
, N.L.H. Krauss leg. (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC960FFBD935CFD914A200232" box="[1046,1141,524,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FDD84C57024B" blockId="5.[189,514,581,607]" box="[189,514,581,607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="295CBA46C960FFBD97F7FDD84C57024B" bold="true" box="[189,514,581,607]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97F7FDD84C57024B" bold="true" box="[189,514,581,607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FDE94F4002A5" blockId="5.[189,1399,628,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD97F7FDE94F0B029A" box="[189,350,628,654]" name="Cook Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cook Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD9627FDE94FCC029A" box="[365,409,628,654]" name="Fiji" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fiji</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD96E2FDE94C22029A" box="[424,631,628,654]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="B06FC3C8C960FFBD95C3FDE94D3A029B" box="[649,879,628,655]" country="French Polynesia" name="Iles Marquises" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Marquesas Islands</collectingRegion>
(?), Society Islands(?) and Austral Islands),
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD97F7FD0A4F4402A5" box="[189,273,663,689]" name="Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Samoa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FD4C4C5F02FF" blockId="5.[189,522,721,747]" box="[189,522,721,747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="295CBA46C960FFBD97F7FD4C4C5F02FF" bold="true" box="[189,522,721,747]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97F7FD4C4C5F02FF" bold="true" box="[189,522,721,747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Status in
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD9678FD4C4C5F02FF" box="[306,522,721,747]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FC9D4F4E030E" blockId="5.[189,283,768,794]" box="[189,283,768,794]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Present.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FCA74F2C0347" blockId="5.[189,377,825,852]" box="[189,377,825,852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="295CBA46C960FFBD97F7FCA74F2C0347" bold="true" box="[189,377,825,852]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97F7FCA74F2C0347" bold="true" box="[189,377,825,852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Flowers visited</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FCF54D790396" blockId="5.[189,812,872,898]" box="[189,812,872,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
No records (ferns?, see
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD969BFCF54D490396" author="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E." box="[465,796,872,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="773 - 786" refId="ref18038" refString="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E. 1929. Diptera of French Oceania. Entomologist 62: 172 - 176. Bergh J. C. &amp; Short B. D. 2008. Ecological and life-history notes on syrphid predators of woolly apple aphid in Virginia, with emphasis on Heringia calcarata. BioControl 53: 773 - 786. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10526 - 007 - 9114 - 0" type="journal article" year="1929">Aubertin &amp; Cheesman 1929</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FC3F4F7C03A8" blockId="5.[189,297,930,956]" box="[189,297,930,956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="295CBA46C960FFBD97F7FC3F4F7C03A8" bold="true" box="[189,297,930,956]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97F7FC3F4F7C03A8" bold="true" box="[189,297,930,956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Genetics</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FC4D4CEE0440" blockId="5.[189,1398,976,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
There are five DNA barcodes for
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD951DFC4D4CD503FE" box="[599,640,976,1002]" name="Fiji" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fiji</collectingCountry>
specimens of this taxon with the following BOLD Process ID numbers: CNCDB1923-11, CNCDB1924-11, CNCDB1925-11, CNCDB1926-11 and CNCDB1927-11 (all by J.H. Skevington). The Barcode Index Number (
<collectionCode id="14BA95EFC960FFBD94EDFB8A4D890425" box="[935,988,1047,1073]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BIN</collectionCode>
) for them is BOLD:AAZ6685 (https://doi.org/10.5883/BOLD:AAZ6685).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C960FFBD97F7FBE94A1A04F4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FBE94F10049A" blockId="5.[189,325,1140,1166]" box="[189,325,1140,1166]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="295CBA46C960FFBD97F7FBE94F10049A" bold="true" box="[189,325,1140,1166]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97F7FBE94F10049A" bold="true" box="[189,325,1140,1166]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">References</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FB3F4A1A04F4" blockId="5.[189,1399,1186,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD97F7FB3F4C0104A8" author="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E." box="[189,596,1186,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="773 - 786" refId="ref18038" refString="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E. 1929. Diptera of French Oceania. Entomologist 62: 172 - 176. Bergh J. C. &amp; Short B. D. 2008. Ecological and life-history notes on syrphid predators of woolly apple aphid in Virginia, with emphasis on Heringia calcarata. BioControl 53: 773 - 786. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10526 - 007 - 9114 - 0" type="journal article" year="1929">Aubertin &amp; Cheesman 1929: 172</bibRefCitation>
(records);
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD9594FB3F4DDC04A8" author="Hull F. M." box="[734,905,1186,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="79 - 87" refId="ref19569" refString="Hull F. M. 1937. A check list of the Syrphidae of Oceania. Occasional Papers of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum 13 (10): 79 - 87." type="journal article" year="1937">Hull 1937: 83</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue);
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD9367FB3F4B7E04A8" author="Vockeroth J. R." box="[1069,1323,1186,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref22480" refString="Vockeroth J. R. 1969. A revision of the genera of the Syrphini (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 62: 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="1969">Vockeroth 1969: 129</bibRefCitation>
(list);
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD97F7FB584C0004F4" author="Thompson F. C. &amp; Vockeroth J. R." box="[189,597,1221,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="437 - 458" refId="ref22139" refString="Thompson F. C. &amp; Vockeroth J. R. 1989. 51. Family Syrphidae. In: Evenhuis N. L. (ed.) Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions: 437 - 458. Bishop Museum Special Publication 86. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu and E. J. Brill, Leiden." type="journal article" year="1989">Thompson &amp; Vockeroth 1989: 441</bibRefCitation>
(catalogue);
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD95BAFB584A5D04F4" author="Mengual X. &amp; Ruiz C. &amp; Rojo S. &amp; Stahls G. &amp; Thompson F. C." box="[752,1032,1221,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref20350" refString="Mengual X., Ruiz C., Rojo S., Stahls G. &amp; Thompson F. C. 2009. A conspectus of the flower fly genus Allograpta (Diptera: Syrphidae) with description of a new subgenus and species. Zootaxa 2214: 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 189912" type="journal article" year="2009">
Mengual
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD9415FB5B4DCF04CB" box="[863,922,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2009: 15
</bibRefCitation>
(list).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AB15EA1C960FFB097F7FA9D4DF501A6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FA9D4F7A050E" blockId="5.[189,303,1280,1306]" box="[189,303,1280,1306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="295CBA46C960FFBD97F7FA9D4F7A050E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1280,1306]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97F7FA9D4F7A050E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1280,1306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFBD97F7FAB34DBA05EC" blockId="5.[189,1399,1326,1528]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD97F7FAB34C76055C" author="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E." box="[189,547,1326,1352]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="773 - 786" refId="ref18038" refString="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E. 1929. Diptera of French Oceania. Entomologist 62: 172 - 176. Bergh J. C. &amp; Short B. D. 2008. Ecological and life-history notes on syrphid predators of woolly apple aphid in Virginia, with emphasis on Heringia calcarata. BioControl 53: 773 - 786. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10526 - 007 - 9114 - 0" type="journal article" year="1929">Aubertin &amp; Cheesman (1929)</bibRefCitation>
recorded this species for the first time from
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD9303FAB34B42055C" box="[1097,1303,1326,1352]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
(Tahiti, Raiatea and Bora-Bora) and mentioned that it was abundant on fern-covered slopes.
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD93EEFACC4B7A057F" author="Hull F. M." box="[1188,1327,1361,1387]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="79 - 87" refId="ref19569" refString="Hull F. M. 1937. A check list of the Syrphidae of Oceania. Occasional Papers of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum 13 (10): 79 - 87." type="journal article" year="1937">Hull (1937)</bibRefCitation>
listed this species from
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD96DCFAE94F97059A" box="[406,450,1396,1422]" name="Fiji" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fiji</collectingCountry>
, the Marquesas Islands and Tahiti, while
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD94F5FAE94AC5059B" author="Vockeroth J. R." box="[959,1168,1396,1423]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref22480" refString="Vockeroth J. R. 1969. A revision of the genera of the Syrphini (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 62: 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="1969">Vockeroth (1969)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned it from
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD97F7FA054F4405A6" box="[189,273,1432,1458]" name="Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Samoa</collectingCountry>
. We were not able to collect specimens during any field expeditions, even though it might be abundant. The only studied specimen from
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD95F9FA264D2905C1" box="[691,892,1467,1493]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
that has the same wing microtrichia pattern as the
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C960FFBD9642FA434F3A05EC" box="[264,367,1502,1528]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD96DCFA434C6005EC" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[406,565,1502,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphotera">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD96DCFA434C6005EC" box="[406,565,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. amphotera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a male from Rurutu in the BMNH.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72140D2AC960FFB097F7F9824DF501A6" blockId="5.[189,1399,1567,2016]" lastBlockId="8.[189,1406,267,435]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
This species and
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD96C1F9BD4C7B062D" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[395,558,1567,1594]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripilosa">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD96C1F9BD4C7B062D" box="[395,558,1567,1594]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. nigripilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are extremely similar, and after the study of the
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C960FFBD933CF9BD4AFC062E" box="[1142,1193,1568,1594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
material by XM, it is still not clear whether they are the same taxon or two different species, one located in the western and southern parts of the south Pacific Ocean (
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD95A5F9FB4DC50694" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[751,912,1638,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphotera">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD95A5F9FB4DC50694" box="[751,912,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. amphotera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the other (
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD9319F9FB4AA20694" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1107,1271,1638,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripilosa">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD9319F9FB4AA20694" box="[1107,1271,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. nigripilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) restricted to the central part. In the BMNH, there is a male (
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD9463F9144D9806B7" box="[809,973,1673,1699]" name="Cook Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cook Islands</collectingCountry>
: Rarotonga, Avatiu Valley,
<date id="06152BEAC960FFBD9252F9144EAF06D2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1999-03-28">28 Mar. 1999</date>
, C. Wilkinson leg.) with the cell bm bare on the basal ¼. This male does not match the
<typeStatus id="AD10B388C960FFBD9268F9304B0006D3" box="[1314,1365,1709,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD97F7F94D4F3506FD" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[189,352,1743,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphotera">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD97F7F94D4F3506FD" box="[189,352,1743,1770]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. amphotera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, indicating a potential intraspecific variability or some damage during preservation of this specimen. This specimen might also be a male of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD9412F96E4DA80719" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[856,1021,1779,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripilosa">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD9412F96E4DA80719" box="[856,1021,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. nigripilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that reached the
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD9398F96F4B270718" box="[1234,1394,1778,1804]" name="Cook Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cook Islands</collectingCountry>
, broadening the distribution range of this species. At this point, we should consider the records from
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD97F7F8A44FDF0747" box="[189,394,1849,1875]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD96F3F8A44D4B0747" author="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E." box="[441,798,1849,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="773 - 786" refId="ref18038" refString="Aubertin D. &amp; Cheesman L. E. 1929. Diptera of French Oceania. Entomologist 62: 172 - 176. Bergh J. C. &amp; Short B. D. 2008. Ecological and life-history notes on syrphid predators of woolly apple aphid in Virginia, with emphasis on Heringia calcarata. BioControl 53: 773 - 786. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10526 - 007 - 9114 - 0" type="journal article" year="1929">Aubertin &amp; Cheesman (1929)</bibRefCitation>
as doubtful, since they were reported prior to the description of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD9623F8C04C590762" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[361,524,1884,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripilosa">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD9623F8C04C590762" box="[361,524,1884,1911]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. nigripilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="163A70DBC960FFBD9570F8C14C9C0762" author="Hull F. M." box="[570,713,1884,1910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="21 - 61" refId="ref19603" refString="Hull F. M. 1944. Some flies of the family Syrphidae in the British Museum (Natural History). Annals and Magazine of Natural History 11: 21 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934408527401" type="journal article" year="1944">Hull (1944)</bibRefCitation>
. More specimens are needed to understand the variability of these Oceanic species of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD9541F8E24CDF078D" box="[523,650,1919,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD9541F8E24CDF078D" box="[523,650,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Allograpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the analysis of the available DNA barcodes, including the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C960FFBD9623F83E4FBD07A9" box="[361,488,1955,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C960FFBD9623F83E4FBD07A9" box="[361,488,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Allograpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="0ABC4DBAC960FFBD9571F83F4C3107A8" box="[571,612,1954,1980]" name="Fiji" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fiji</collectingCountry>
mentioned above, resolved Fijian and Polynesian specimens in the same cluster, with a bootstrap support value of
<quantity id="B553A0CFC960FFBD946EF85B4D2407F4" box="[804,881,1990,2016]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="100.0">100 in</quantity>
the Neighbour-Joining analysis. Moreover, BOLD groups all of these specimens in the same Barcode Index Number (BIN), BOLD:AAZ6685 (https://doi.org/10.5883/BOLD:AAZ6685). Although resolved in the same clade, the barcodes of Fijian and Polynesian specimens
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB09548FECF4C270178" box="[514,626,338,364]" form="two" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="form">form two</taxonomicName>
different clusters. In further studies we will try to collect more individuals of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB0962DFEE84FB3019B" box="[359,486,373,399]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB0962DFEE84FB3019B" box="[359,486,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allograpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to test the molecular variability of these two species; at the current stage, the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB09614FE044FAB01A6" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[350,510,408,435]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphotera">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB09614FE044FAB01A6" box="[350,510,408,435]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. amphotera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B5AB76A9C96DFFB0957DFE044C8C01A6" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[567,729,408,435]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Allograpta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripilosa">
<emphasis id="40DFD138C96DFFB0957DFE044C8C01A6" box="[567,729,408,435]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. nigripilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems plausible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>