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<mods:title id="04F8756F43CEC55E8539EA735F878C88">A valid priacanthid species, Pristigenys refulgens (Valenciennes 1862), and a redescription of P. niphonia (Cuvier in Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes 1829) in the Indo-West Pacific (Perciformes: Priacanthidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AB69D01AA5DBF50AF66F2975313C9937">Iwatsuki, Yukio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6E2AF4E3B3F612B5297EE9E229B7815F">Starnes, Wayne C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="378A3764E51A8A7AF03CE8AE110F5160">Nakabo, Tetsuji</mods:namePart>
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Key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="BBB9C8C27819FFBFFE41FDD470623B56" ID-CoL="6VWY" ID-ENA="184446" box="[412,546,583,609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Priacanthidae" genus="Pristigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4ECD6F537819FFBFFE41FDD470623B56" bold="true" box="[412,546,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Pristigenys</emphasis>
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from the Indo-West Pacific
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1a. Soft dorsal-fin rays 12; anal soft rays 11; many red narrow bars on body with many red spots between bars in adult fresh specimens, mid-lateral scales (
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFE00FD3F706E3BF6" box="[477,558,684,705]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1887,1910]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Position of lateral scales used in spinule counts." pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figure 1</figureCitation>
) with posterior spinules coarse and few in number (less than 25 at all sizes,
<bibRefCitation id="1828CEB07819FFBFFACEFD3F77D63BF6" author="Starnes" box="[1299,1430,684,705]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Starnes, W. C. (1988) Revision, phylogeny and biogeographic comments on the circumtropical marine percoid fish family Priacanthidae. Bulletin of Marine Science, 43, 117 - 203." type="journal article" year="1988">Starnes, 1988</bibRefCitation>
, figure 1b)....................................................................................
<emphasis id="4ECD6F537819FFBFFAE0FD5A77D33BE9" box="[1341,1427,713,734]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">P. m e y e r i</emphasis>
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1b. Soft dorsal-fin rays 11; anal soft rays 10; five white or light indistinct bars on body; mid-lateral scales with posterior spinules finer, more numerous (
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specimens over
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SL,
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFCF2FC9771CA3A2E" box="[815,906,772,793]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1314,1337]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,772,1293]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,772,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spinules of lateral body scales. A, Pristigenys refulgens, URM-P 34754, 197 mm SL, off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan; B, P. niphonia, URM-P 33698, 192 mm SL, East China Sea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208480/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figures 7</figureCitation>
,
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)....................................... 2a
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2a. Soft portions of vertical fins with black margins (usually persisting in preserved specimens); five white or pale vertical bands on body narrower and distinct, about 1/42/5 width of pupil; dorsal and ventral portions of third vertical band only slightly wider than mid-lateral portion and nearly vertical (
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFD15FCCF71633A46" box="[712,803,860,881]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1865,1888]" captionTargetBox="[191,1396,246,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[191,1396,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Color photographs of Pristigensy refulgens (A) and P. niphonia (B). A, MUFS 17997, 213 mm SL (X), off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Is., Japan; B, MUFS 36263, neotype, 168 mm SL, southwestern region of Nagasaki Bay (31 ° 55 ' N, 128 ° 11 ' E), Kyushu Island, Japan, coll. K. Hidaka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208476/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figures 2</figureCitation>
A, 3A, 6A); total gill rakers on first arch 2326, mode 24 (69 on upper limb, 1618 on lower); posterior spinules on mid-lateral scales lower in number, usually 20-40 (mean of S1S4, see Figure 1) in specimens over
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SL (
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFD8FFC0570E43A9C" box="[594,676,918,939]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1314,1337]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,772,1293]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,772,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spinules of lateral body scales. A, Pristigenys refulgens, URM-P 34754, 197 mm SL, off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan; B, P. niphonia, URM-P 33698, 192 mm SL, East China Sea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208480/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figure 7</figureCitation>
A) though decreasing in very large individuals (&gt;
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SL); caudal fin more rounded (
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A, 6A).............................................................
<taxonomicName id="BBB9C8C27819FFBFFB6CFC2777643AFE" box="[1201,1316,948,969]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Holocentridae" genus="Myripristis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beryciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="refulgens">
<emphasis id="4ECD6F537819FFBFFB6CFC2777643AFE" box="[1201,1316,948,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">P. refulgens</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFAEDFC2777C23AFE" box="[1328,1410,948,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1865,1888]" captionTargetBox="[191,1396,246,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[191,1396,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Color photographs of Pristigensy refulgens (A) and P. niphonia (B). A, MUFS 17997, 213 mm SL (X), off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Is., Japan; B, MUFS 36263, neotype, 168 mm SL, southwestern region of Nagasaki Bay (31 ° 55 ' N, 128 ° 11 ' E), Kyushu Island, Japan, coll. K. Hidaka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208476/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figure 2</figureCitation>
A)
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2b. Soft portions of vertical fins lacking black margins; five white or pale vertical bands (often indistinct) on body somewhat wider, around 1/23/5 width of pupil diameter (
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFD6EFC7D71513D34" box="[691,785,1006,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1865,1888]" captionTargetBox="[191,1396,246,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[191,1396,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Color photographs of Pristigensy refulgens (A) and P. niphonia (B). A, MUFS 17997, 213 mm SL (X), off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Is., Japan; B, MUFS 36263, neotype, 168 mm SL, southwestern region of Nagasaki Bay (31 ° 55 ' N, 128 ° 11 ' E), Kyushu Island, Japan, coll. K. Hidaka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208476/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figures 2</figureCitation>
B, 3BD, 6B) with dorsal and ventral portions expanded obliquely posterodorsally (often strongly curved posteriorly in young less than
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SL (
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B, 3BD); total gill rakers on first arch 2731, mode 27 (710 on upper limb, 1922 on lower); posterior spinules on mid-lateral scales finer and more numerous, usually
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specimens over
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SL (
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFD78FBD570B83D6C" box="[677,760,1094,1115]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1314,1337]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,772,1293]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,772,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spinules of lateral body scales. A, Pristigenys refulgens, URM-P 34754, 197 mm SL, off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan; B, P. niphonia, URM-P 33698, 192 mm SL, East China Sea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208480/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figure 7</figureCitation>
B) increasing with growth; caudal fin somewhat double emarginate in adults.............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="BBB9C8C27819FFBFFB65FBF777653D4E" ID-CoL="4MJ88" box="[1208,1317,1124,1145]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Priacanthidae" genus="Pristigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphonia">
<emphasis id="4ECD6F537819FFBFFB65FBF777653D4E" box="[1208,1317,1124,1145]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">P. niphonia</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="E482AFC47819FFBFFAEFFBF777C53D4E" box="[1330,1413,1124,1145]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1865,1888]" captionTargetBox="[191,1396,246,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[191,1396,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Color photographs of Pristigensy refulgens (A) and P. niphonia (B). A, MUFS 17997, 213 mm SL (X), off Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Is., Japan; B, MUFS 36263, neotype, 168 mm SL, southwestern region of Nagasaki Bay (31 ° 55 ' N, 128 ° 11 ' E), Kyushu Island, Japan, coll. K. Hidaka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208476/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Figure 2</figureCitation>
B)
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