treatments-xml/data/F3/05/FD/F305FD2CC216E827FF161AF5BB0CFD39.xml
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<document id="04ED2AF00654F99C74103B0406F3E314" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2009n3a10" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5397541" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630326484759" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Hugel, Sylvain" docDate="2009" docId="F305FD2CC216E827FF161AF5BB0CFD39" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2009.31.3.525-576.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 31 (3)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2009n3a10" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Ityocephala francoisi Bolivar 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="552" masterDocId="0F3C8554C20EE83CFFD71945BF4DFFF7" masterDocTitle="Gryllacrididae and Tettigoniidae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu" masterLastPageNumber="576" masterPageNumber="525" pageNumber="549" updateTime="1699228595049" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1E67BC15839072A0BD6EE3F0C13CA083">Gryllacrididae and Tettigoniidae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C373849FB5B9B56EC3294E96EADD9174" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B418F2784F4156BF944C4AC2A6FA02D7">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="074CD74AA25DE778E238E5DC82BEF885">Hugel, Sylvain</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="15AFE7F59BE8C7648D306D6892DFB2BB">INCI, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 21 rue René Descartes, F- 67084 Strasbourg cedex (France) hugel @ neurochem. u-strasbg. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="62B117B652BC41E985315D61F26F6D60">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F07FD036E8A0FF9C26735612697E916C">
<mods:date id="B4909660F5EE15E79A1D333C9B4537A1">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="84D2F907F45AA9849D071EDC0FF0FBF8">2009-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C825100B030E25B77F81FA7ED74FB146">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6CDB8B4A640D00EA4AB1FAAB34422FB2" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F305FD2CC216E827FF161AF5BB0CFD39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F305FD2CC216E827FF161AF5BB0CFD39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F305FD2CC216E827FF161AF5BB0CFD39" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C216E824FF161AF5BE80FC1C" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FF161AF5BE80FC1C" blockId="24.[193,567,944,1003]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<heading id="205BFB56C216E824FF161AF5BE80FC1C" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C216E824FF161AF5BD7AFC3C" ID-CoL="8PCJC" authority="Bolivar, 1903" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1903" box="[193,567,944,971]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francoisi">
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FF161AF5BED2FC3D" bold="true" box="[193,415,944,971]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Ityocephala francoisi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC216E824FE711AF5BD7AFC3C" author="BOLIVAR I." box="[422,567,944,971]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" pagination="161 - 178" refId="ref32158" refString="BOLIVAR I. 1903. - Contributions a l'etude des Mecopodinae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Pars Zoologica 1: 161 - 178." type="journal article" year="1903">Bolívar, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC216E824FEE31A95BEC5FC1D" box="[308,392,976,1002]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Figs 10</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC216E824FE431A95BE88FC1C" box="[404,453,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[210,1078,215,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[163,1160,214,1530]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 15.— Calling songs:A, Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903 specimen MNHN-ENSIF2188,20H30,21°C,2 m high,Cardiodactylus sp. (Eneopterinae cricket) and Salomona redtenbacheri Brongniart,1897 are singing around (grey); B, C, Phaneroptera gracilis (Burmeister, 1838),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2200 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its call (black) from the other calls (Conocephalus sp.and crickets,in grey) 0H30,20°C; D, Furnia insularis (Stål, 1876),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2311 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its calls (arrows) from the background calls (Cardiodactylus sp. and Salomona redtenbacheri, see Fig. 20) 20H00, 21°C, 3 m from the specimen; E, Pseudorhynchus lessonii Serville, 1838, specimen MNHN-ENSIF2282, 19H40, 22°C. All songs recorded in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397579/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">15A</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C216E824FFA61D4DBEBCFBD7" box="[113,497,1032,1056]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FFA61D4DBEBCFBD7" blockId="24.[113,497,1032,1056]" box="[113,497,1032,1056]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5BBC6B14C216E824FFA61D4DBEBCFBD7" box="[113,497,1032,1056]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<treatmentCitation id="FA0D6A2BC216E824FFA61D4DBEA3FBD7" author="BOLIVAR I." box="[113,494,1032,1056]" page="171" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" year="1903">
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C216E824FFA61D4DBEA3FBD7" ID-CoL="8PCJC" authority="Bolivar, 1903: 171" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityPageNumber="171" authorityYear="1903" box="[113,494,1032,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francoisi">
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FFA61D4DBE63FBD7" box="[113,302,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Ityocephala francoisi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC216E824FEE31D4DBEA3FBD7" author="BOLIVAR I." box="[308,494,1032,1056]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" pagination="161 - 178" refId="ref32158" refString="BOLIVAR I. 1903. - Contributions a l'etude des Mecopodinae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Pars Zoologica 1: 161 - 178." type="journal article" year="1903">Bolívar, 1903: 171</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C216E824FFA61D72BC80FC8D" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FFA61D72BDCDFB4E" blockId="24.[111,646,1079,1209]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<materialsCitation id="CBC44667C216E824FFA61D72BD06FB9D" collectorName="N. Hebrid. Santo &amp; Fr. &amp; Manuscript" country="Vanuatu" location="Espiritu Santo Isl." pageId="24" pageNumber="549" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sanma">
TYPE MATERIAL. — [
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FEE31D72BEC3FBB8" bold="true" box="[308,398,1079,1103]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC216E824FEE31D72BEC7FBB8" box="[308,394,1079,1103]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="B96882D8C216E824FE441D72BD7DFBB8" box="[403,560,1079,1103]" country="Vanuatu" name="Sanma" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Sanma Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="7E731AE1C216E824FDEF1D72BF9DFB9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F305FD2CC216E827FF161AF5BB0CFD39:7E731AE1C216E824FDEF1D72BF9DFB9D" country="Vanuatu" name="Espiritu Santo Isl." pageId="24" pageNumber="549" stateProvince="Sanma">Espiritu Santo Isl.</location>
],
<collectorName id="D65929ECC216E824FF361D17BEC2FB9D" box="[225,399,1106,1130]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">N. Hébrid. Santo</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="D65929ECC216E824FE4A1D17BEF4FB9D" box="[413,441,1106,1130]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Fr.</collectorName>
) [
<collectorName id="D65929ECC216E824FE1B1D17BD08FB9D" box="[460,581,1106,1130]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Manuscript</collectorName>
]
</materialsCitation>
;
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C216E824FD811D17BE0BFB73" authority="Bol." authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francoisi">Ityocephala Francoisi Bol.</taxonomicName>
[Manuscript]; Holotipo [printed red label];
<materialsCitation id="CBC44667C216E824FF181DC3BDCCFB69" box="[207,641,1158,1182]" country="Vanuatu" location="Cat. Tipos" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sanma">
MNCN,
<location id="7E731AE1C216E824FEF01DC3BEC5FB69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F305FD2CC216E827FF161AF5BB0CFD39:7E731AE1C216E824FEF01DC3BEC5FB69" box="[295,392,1158,1182]" country="Vanuatu" name="Cat. Tipos" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" stateProvince="Sanma">Cat.Tipos</location>
N°, 759 [printed red label]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CBC44667C216E824FFB81DE1BD31FB4E" box="[111,636,1185,1209]" collectionCode="MNM" collectorName="High" country="Vanuatu" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sanma" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FFB81DE1BFCEFB4F" box="[111,131,1188,1208]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="male"></specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="A417F298C216E824FF5D1DE4BFADFB4E" box="[138,224,1185,1209]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="1DBDD4FFC216E824FF3A1DE4BE79FB4E" box="[237,308,1185,1209]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">MNM</collectionCode>
).
<collectorName id="D65929ECC216E824FE921DE4BE35FB4E" box="[325,376,1185,1209]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">High</collectorName>
quality pictures examined
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FFA61D95BF80FAF5" blockId="24.[113,646,1232,1282]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<typeStatus id="A417F298C216E824FFA61D95BFEFFB12" box="[113,162,1232,1255]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY. —
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC216E824FEE71D95BEC8FB1F" box="[304,389,1232,1256]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="B96882D8C216E824FE581D95BD63FB1F" box="[399,558,1232,1256]" country="Vanuatu" name="Sanma" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Sanma Province</collectingRegion>
, Espiritu Santo Isl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FFA61C5FBE8FFA42" blockId="24.[112,648,1305,1699]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FE171C5CBD51FAC6" bold="true" box="[448,540,1305,1329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC216E824FE171C5CBD55FAC6" box="[448,536,1305,1329]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FDFA1C5CBD26FAC7" box="[557,619,1305,1329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FDAD1C5CBFD9FABD" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
),
<collectingRegion id="B96882D8C216E824FF701C76BE08FABC" box="[167,325,1331,1355]" country="Vanuatu" name="Sanma" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Sanma Province</collectingRegion>
, Espiritu Santo Isl., Butmas, forêt sur plateau de Tankara, bord de chemin,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC216E824FDDA1C0BBDCDFA91" box="[525,640,1358,1382]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-15.365556">15°2156”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC216E824FFA41C2DBFB8FA77" box="[115,245,1384,1408]" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" precision="15" seconds="04" value="166.98445">166°5904”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FF281C2DBE72FA77" box="[255,319,1384,1408]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
alt., sur plante
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FE001C2DBEB0FA77" box="[471,509,1384,1408]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
de haut, nuit, Exped. Santo 2006,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FE911CC6BEF8FA6C" box="[326,437,1411,1435]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-13">13.X.2006</date>
, coll. S. Hugel,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FD881CC6BDCBFA6D" box="[607,646,1411,1435]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(SH-044) (MNHN-ENSIF2196).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FFA61CFDBBDAFD2C" blockId="24.[112,648,1305,1699]" lastBlockId="24.[675,1212,628,890]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
Peavot, forêt secondaire,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC216E824FE8F1CFDBE8AFA27" box="[344,455,1464,1488]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-14.993611">14°5937”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC216E824FE181CFDBD00FA27" box="[463,589,1464,1488]" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" precision="15" seconds="04" value="166.78445">166°4704”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FD821CFDBDCAFA27" box="[597,647,1464,1488]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="38.0">38 m</quantity>
alt., ancien jardin, rive S de la rivière, rive, nuit, Exped. Santo 2006,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FF271CA9BE16F9F3" box="[240,347,1516,1540]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-20">20.X.2006</date>
, coll. S. Hugel,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FE2E1CA9BD6DF9F4" box="[505,544,1516,1540]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(SH-037) (MNHN-ENSIF2189). — Same locality, date and collector, terrasse 2, sur plante
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FE801F64BE31F9CE" box="[343,380,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
de haut, nuit,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FDD41F64BD68F9CF" box="[515,549,1569,1593]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(SH-042) (MNHN-ENSIF2194). — Same locality and collector, terrasse 2, sur plante
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FEEC1F13BE2FF999" box="[315,354,1622,1646]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
de haut, nuit, enregistrement,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FFA61F34BF90F97E" box="[113,221,1649,1673]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-21">21.X.2006</date>
,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FF3F1F34BE42F97F" box="[232,271,1649,1673]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(SH-036) (MNHN-ENSIF2188). — Same locality and collector, nuit,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FE091FCEBD1CF954" box="[478,593,1675,1699]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-21">21.X.2006</date>
,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FD881FCEBDCAF955" box="[607,647,1675,1699]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(SH-040) (MNHN-ENSIF2192). — Same locality and collector, nuit,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FC8B1BCBBC88FD51" box="[860,965,654,678]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-23">23.X.2006</date>
,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FC191BCBBCBEFD52" box="[974,1011,654,678]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(SH-039) (
<collectionCode id="1DBDD4FFC216E824FB891BCBBBF4FD51" box="[1118,1209,654,678]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">MNHN-</collectionCode>
ENSIF2191). — Same locality and collector, nuit,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FD701B86BC5CFD2C" box="[679,785,707,731]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-23">23.X.2006</date>
,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FCCB1B86BC0DFD2D" box="[796,832,707,731]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(SH-041) (MNHN-ENSIF2193).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FD721B98BC80FC8D" blockId="24.[675,1212,628,890]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
Big Bay, Matantas, Vatthé Lodge, forêt autour de la grotte,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC216E824FD3A1BBDBC12FCE7" box="[749,863,760,784]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-15.18">15°1048”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC216E824FCBD1BBDBCA1FCE7" box="[874,1004,760,784]" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" precision="15" seconds="27" value="166.9575">166°5727”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FC211BBDBB67FCE7" box="[1014,1066,760,784]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
alt., sous-bois, nuit, Exped. Santo 2006,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FC401A57BB4CFCDD" box="[919,1025,786,810]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-27">27.X.2006</date>
, coll. S. Hugel,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FB421A57BBF7FCDE" box="[1173,1210,786,810]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(SH-038) (MNHN-ENSIF2190). — Same locality and collector, nuit,
<date id="0F126AFAC216E824FCE71A02BCD7FCA8" box="[816,922,839,863]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" value="2006-10-27">27.X.2006</date>
,
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FC751A02BC89FCA9" box="[930,964,839,863]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(SH-043),
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FBE41A02BB15FCA9" box="[1075,1112,839,863]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(SH-045) (MNHN-ENSIF2195, 2197).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C216E824FD721AD7BB37FB65" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FD721AD7BB1DFC5E" blockId="24.[677,1104,913,937]" box="[677,1104,913,937]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
DISTRIBUTION. —
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC216E824FC891AD4BCFEFC5E" box="[862,947,913,937]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, Espiritu Santo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FD721A84BB37FB65" blockId="24.[674,1210,961,1170]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
HABITAT AND LIFE HISTORY TRAITS. — All
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C216E824FB841A87BBF4FC2E" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1909" box="[1107,1209,961,985]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francoisi">
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FB841A87BBF4FC2E" box="[1107,1209,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">I. francoisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens have been found in relatively humid non coastal forests, in both preserved or slightly anthropized areas.
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C216E824FD711D55BC14FBDF" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1909" box="[678,857,1040,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francoisi">
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FD711D55BC14FBDF" box="[678,857,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Ityocephala francoisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be strictly active during night hours.Adults seem mostly to stay on tree top, even on small trees.Females are sometimes observed in lower strata, and
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C216E824FD741D25BC61FB8F" box="[675,812,1120,1144]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
have been observed in oviposition in dead sections (diameter
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FC801D3FBCC4FB65" box="[855,905,1146,1170]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
, at
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC216E824FC7C1D3FBCABFB65" box="[939,998,1146,1170]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 m</quantity>
) of living trees.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C216E824FD721DEFBCACFAB1" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FD721DEFBCACFAB1" blockId="24.[677,1211,1194,1350]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
DIAGNOSIS (TENTATIVE, FEMALE ONLY). — Ovipositor ventral valves strait on the base (regularly curved in
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C216E824FD711D9ABC78FB01" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[678,821,1247,1270]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrostrigata">
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FD711D9ABC78FB01" box="[678,821,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">I. nigrostrigata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female
<typeStatus id="A417F298C216E824FC531D9ABC92FB00" box="[900,991,1247,1271]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
); basally dorsal valves (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC216E824FD7A1DBCBC4AFAE6" box="[685,775,1273,1297]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
) less than twice as high as ventral valves (the base of ventral valves is much narrower in
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C216E824FB861C56BBF7FADC" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1892" box="[1105,1210,1299,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="49D89028C216E824FB861C56BBF7FADC" box="[1105,1210,1299,1323]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Ityocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens from
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC216E824FC941C6BBCCDFAB1" box="[835,896,1326,1350]" name="Tonga" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Tonga</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="03BB0CAAC216E824FC661C6BBC9BFAB1" box="[945,982,1326,1350]" name="Fiji" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Fiji</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C216E827FD721C1BBB0CFD39" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="24" pageNumber="549" type="description">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FD721C1BBCAEFA81" blockId="24.[677,995,1374,1398]" box="[677,995,1374,1398]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
MEASUREMENTS. — See
<tableCitation id="362E7981C216E824FC431C1BBCAEFA81" box="[916,995,1374,1398]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="24.[134,145,220,237]" captionText="TABLE 4. — Measurements of Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar, 1903. Abbreviations: see text. Note: 1, depends on the preservation." pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Table 4.</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E824FD721CE9BC02FA33" blockId="24.[675,1210,1452,1700]" box="[677,847,1452,1478]" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">REDESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC216E825FD721C8EBD55FE46" blockId="24.[675,1210,1452,1700]" lastBlockId="25.[111,649,216,1700]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="550" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">
Head (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC216E824FD3C1C8EBC28FA11" box="[747,869,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="549">Fig. 10A, B</figureCitation>
). Less wide than pronotum; face, genae and occiput with minute depression giving a granulose aspect; occiput relatively flattened; eyes rounded, projecting; in dorsal view: fastigium flat, not projecting, truncated, 0.44 (min: 0.41; max: 0.47) times wider than head maximal width (eyes not included), 1.6 (min: 1.5; max: 1.7) times wider than eye maximal diameter, with a median incision; in frontal view, fastigium forming two trapezes separated by a vertical sulcus and separated from the frons by an arched sulcus; median ocellus weakly distinct, less wide than half inter scrobus width; frons/genae limit without carina; scapus less wide than eyes (frontal view), without spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FF5F18F3BE9FFC9B" blockId="25.[111,649,216,1700]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
Thorax. Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC217E825FE8118F3BEFFFE26" box="[342,434,438,465]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
): strongly granulose; 1.1 (min: 1.0; max: 1.2) times longer than wide (maximal width); discus anterior margin moderately convex, posterior margin rounded (convex) with a minute emargination on the middle; prozona and mesozona weakly arched, metazona flattened; discus anterior and posterior sulci well distinct, both sulci deep and converging on lateral lobes; without median and lateral carinae; lateral lobe ventral margin with a longitudinal bulging callosity; lateral lobe posterior ventral angle squared. Prosternum with usual paired spines: long, diverging, with blunt apex; mesosternum and metasternum with elevated lateral lobes pointing posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FF5F1A34BFBFFC1C" blockId="25.[111,649,216,1700]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Wings. FW opaque, with dense and thin reticulation; wider on the apex than on the base; apex obliquely truncated; HW inconspicuously exceeding the FW.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FF5F1AB5BC3BFE85" blockId="25.[111,649,216,1700]" lastBlockId="25.[677,1210,216,370]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
Legs.TI with uncovered oval inner and outer tympana; moderately inflated on tympanal area; with 2 dorsal carinae, more rounded ventrally; with2 ventral and 1 dorsal apical spurs on each side; with 7-9 inner preapical spurs; with6-8 outer preapical spurs, without dorsal spurs or spines.FI with a minute spine on each knee lobe; with 2 ventral carinae; with 1-5 (usually 2 or 3) spines on the inner ventral margin; without spines on the ventral outer margin. TII squared in cross section; with 2 ventral and 1 dorsal apical spurs on each side;with 7-11 (usually8-10) ventral anterior preapical spurs;with 6-8 ventral posterior spurs; rarely (2/
<specimenCount id="6DAA87B3C217E825FF591C29BE50FA70" box="[142,285,1388,1415]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
) with one minute dorsal posterior basal spur. FII with a minute spine on each knee lobe; with 2 ventral carinae; rounded dorsally; with 4-7 spines on the ventral anterior margin; without spines on the ventral posterior margin. TIII with 3 ventral and 1 dorsal apical spurs on each side; squared in cross section; with 9-12 spurs on the inner ventral carina; 13-17 spurs on the ventral outer carina; 14- 19 spurs on the inner dorsal carina; 13-19 spurs on the outer dorsal carina. FIII slender, elongated 8.0 (min: 7.2; max: 8.7) times longer than FIII maximal width; with on spine on each knee lobe; with 2 ventral carinae; with 12-18 (usually 14 or 15) spines on the inner ventral carina; with 7-14 spines on the outer ventral carina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD7218D3BDA1FE47" blockId="25.[674,1210,406,560]" box="[677,748,406,432]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="49D89028C217E825FD7218D3BDA1FE47" box="[677,748,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Colour</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD7218F3BCB3FDC7" blockId="25.[674,1210,406,560]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">General coloration green (yellowish in dead specimens). Pronotum sulci and FW veins yellowish; HW hyaline except anterior field; ventral and internal area of F from yellow to orange.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD721B10BC68FD9A" blockId="25.[675,1210,597,781]" box="[677,805,597,623]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">VARIATIONS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD721B31BC18FCFA" blockId="25.[675,1210,597,781]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Some specimens are displaying, to different degrees, black on: bulging callosity of pronotum lateral lobe ventral margin; TI and TII apex; FI and FII ventral area; FI and FII knee; TIII ventral margins; FIII ventral margins.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD721A76BCC8FCBD" blockId="25.[675,1211,819,1003]" box="[677,901,819,845]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">SEXUAL DIMORPHISM</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD721A14BCCCFC1C" blockId="25.[675,1211,819,1003]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
Males are significantly smaller than females. Female body length 40% longer than male body length (
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC217E825FD791AD4BDB1FC5B" box="[686,764,913,940]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="25" pageNumber="550" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
vs.
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC217E825FCF51AD4BC3FFC5B" box="[802,882,913,940]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="550" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
); female FW about 20% longer than male FW. Females have usually less black patterns than males.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD721D4ABD97FBDE" blockId="25.[674,1211,1039,1573]" box="[677,730,1039,1065]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="49D89028C217E825FD721D4ABD97FBDE" box="[677,730,1039,1065]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD721D6ABB13F9D2" blockId="25.[674,1211,1039,1573]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
Singing apparatus: left FW anal field as opaque and with the same dense reticulation than the whole FW; the file vein (A1) is well distinct (dorsal view); file with 73 (min: 70; max 76)lamellar teeth (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC217E825FBC71DCBBB3DFB5E" box="[1040,1136,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Fig.10H</figureCitation>
). Right FW tympanum 1.76 (min: 1.74; max: 1.78) times as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC217E825FCE31D8BBCDBFB1E" box="[820,918,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
). Terminalia: tergite X (last) with a minute posterior emargination;epiproct acutely triangular, with a blunt apex;cerci with a minute apical teeth bent inwards. SGP without styli; elongated:
<emphasis id="49D89028C217E825FB401C68BBE5FAB1" box="[1175,1192,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">c.</emphasis>
3 times longer than wide (depending on the specimen preservation); with rounded lateral lobes on the base; after this rounded base,with sub parallel sides;apex with a tongue-shaped emargination 0.20 (min:0.18; max: 0.22) times as deep as the SGP length; SGP separated by emargination on two apical lobes with rounded apex; apex slightly ladle-shaped (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC217E825FC241F4FBB1CF9D2" box="[1011,1105,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E825FD721F0FBDA3F993" blockId="25.[677,1210,1610,1700]" box="[677,750,1610,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="49D89028C217E825FD721F0FBDA3F993" box="[677,750,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC217E827FD721F2CBBEEFE85" blockId="25.[677,1210,1610,1700]" lastBlockId="27.[674,1210,216,370]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="25" pageNumber="550">
SGP as wide as long (min: 0.83; max: 1.19); rounded with a minute rounded apical emargination (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC215E827FD7B199DBC4BFF04" box="[684,774,216,243]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor strait on the base and strongly upcurved after mid length (particularly the dorsal margin); with denticulations in the curved section of ventral margin and minute denticulations in the apex of dorsal margin; apex pointing (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC215E827FBEA1812BBDBFE85" box="[1085,1174,343,370]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[117,1206,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10.— Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903: A, male face in frontal view;B, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view; C, male subgenital plate in ventral view; D, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view; E, male pronotum in left side view; F, female terminalia in ventral view; G, female ovipositor in right side view; H, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">Fig. 10I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="2FD31CB2C214E826FFA61F26BC2BF956" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5397569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397569/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="551" startId="26.[113,124,1635,1652]" targetBox="[117,1206,214,1605]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC214E826FFA61F26BC2BF956" blockId="26.[112,1210,1635,1697]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">
FIG. 10.—
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C214E826FF1F1F26BEACF983" authority="Bolivar, 1903" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1903" box="[200,481,1635,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ityocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francoisi">
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FF1F1F26BE3CF983" box="[200,369,1635,1652]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">Ityocephala francoisi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC214E826FEA31F26BEACF983" author="BOLIVAR I." box="[372,481,1635,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551" pagination="161 - 178" refId="ref32158" refString="BOLIVAR I. 1903. - Contributions a l'etude des Mecopodinae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Pars Zoologica 1: 161 - 178." type="journal article" year="1903">Bolívar,1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FE3F1F26BEB8F983" bold="true" box="[488,501,1635,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">A</emphasis>
, male face in frontal view;
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FD1D1F26BD9AF983" bold="true" box="[714,727,1635,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">B</emphasis>
, male vertex and occiput in dorsal view;
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FBF61F26BB62F983" bold="true" box="[1057,1071,1635,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">C</emphasis>
, male subgenital plate in ventral view;
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FEC91F3CBE61F97D" bold="true" box="[286,300,1657,1674]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">D</emphasis>
, male right forewing anal field in dorsal view;
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FD721F3CBDFCF97D" bold="true" box="[677,689,1657,1674]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">E</emphasis>
, male pronotum in left side view;
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FC101F3CBC9FF97D" bold="true" box="[967,978,1657,1674]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">F</emphasis>
, female terminalia in ventral view;
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FF761FD5BFE2F956" bold="true" box="[161,175,1680,1697]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">G</emphasis>
, female ovipositor in right side view;
<emphasis id="49D89028C214E826FE331FD5BEBFF956" bold="true" box="[484,498,1680,1697]" pageId="26" pageNumber="551">H</emphasis>
, SEM picture of male file. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD7218D2BC8DFE46" blockId="27.[674,1211,406,718]" box="[677,960,406,433]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
CALLING SONG (
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC215E827FC8318D2BCF5FE46" box="[852,952,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[210,1078,215,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[163,1160,214,1530]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 15.— Calling songs:A, Ityocephala francoisi Bolívar,1903 specimen MNHN-ENSIF2188,20H30,21°C,2 m high,Cardiodactylus sp. (Eneopterinae cricket) and Salomona redtenbacheri Brongniart,1897 are singing around (grey); B, C, Phaneroptera gracilis (Burmeister, 1838),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2200 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its call (black) from the other calls (Conocephalus sp.and crickets,in grey) 0H30,20°C; D, Furnia insularis (Stål, 1876),the specimen MNHN-ENSIF2311 has been IR filmed in order to distinguish its calls (arrows) from the background calls (Cardiodactylus sp. and Salomona redtenbacheri, see Fig. 20) 20H00, 21°C, 3 m from the specimen; E, Pseudorhynchus lessonii Serville, 1838, specimen MNHN-ENSIF2282, 19H40, 22°C. All songs recorded in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397579/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">FIG. 15A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC215E827FD7218F3BB0CFD39" blockId="27.[674,1211,406,718]" pageId="27" pageNumber="552">
Males call during night hours,on tree top(usually above
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC215E827FD751890BD82FE07" box="[674,719,469,496]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
). Several males are usually singing alternatively. One male has been recorded in the field (SH-036, MNHN-ENSIF2188).At26°C,the call of this species consists of irregular widely spaced (every32.2 ±
<geoCoordinate id="1E982AFDC215E827FBA21B71BBFEFDB8" box="[1141,1203,564,591]" degrees="16.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="552" precision="5555" value="-16.7">16.7 s</geoCoordinate>
; min: 8.2; max: 96.3) echemes. Individual echemes last 443.8 ± 21.3 ms (min: 369.5; max: 488.3) and consists of 5 or 6 syllables. Th e calling frequency first harmonic peaks between 9.8-13.0 kHz.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>