180 lines
31 KiB
XML
180 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="B13AF1F141C9F15CB18A829780324354" ID-CLB-Dataset="27335" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4585.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0917324b-60ed-4bf2-8da7-659a86b31371" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2636314" ID-ZooBank="0C0B94EE-D13F-4CAE-AD58-685AC1338082" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554964758189" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor Jaime, Woodruff, Robert E. & López, Cuauhtémoc Deloya" docDate="2019" docId="F23E87E57A1E1C69FF62FB8AFED8FB4A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4585.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4585 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cotinis aliena Woodruff 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="144" masterDocId="0E07FF9D7A1F1C6BFFF5FFF1FF80FFEA" masterDocTitle="Description of the larvae of Cotinis aliena Woodruff, 2008 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini), with a key to the known larvae of New World Gymnetini" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="142" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1698719515362" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="94097842832CE84184E851CA2DFC6F73" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="0201DF238E755704AB33746AA92189A8">Description of the larvae of Cotinis aliena Woodruff, 2008 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini), with a key to the known larvae of New World Gymnetini</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="959B04A1EFCC9E9B67A7F2238F110751">Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E9816D9DB647C3FF174EA1ACEF384AB0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="40813B176FB20630D1BD22AD386C851A">Woodruff, Robert E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="E141C0BAEF93089AD85E737F0DC9116F" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F2D78FFB3EFD7EF58896D693624B5B95">López, Cuauhtémoc Deloya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D1448762A92D96CAF23A47A44A5BE185">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7EEA426166C890CB6374E333AEFAD321">
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<mods:date id="7123B88468DC1060F78EF1349C162AF9">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D7100A03ECFA465E23D906A094120BB3">2019-04-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="08B6CAAB2BA97A6B3E693F9D155BB96F">4585</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DF51AF2874BC65985F9A7EAABA10444A">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0BB01226A46469ECEA90F03EA9301F2E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4585.1.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F23E87E57A1E1C69FF62FB8AFED8FB4A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5657782" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156147131" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5657782" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F23E87E57A1E1C69FF62FB8AFED8FB4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F23E87E57A1E1C69FF62FB8AFED8FB4A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">
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<subSubSection id="328D65787A1E1C6AFF62FB8AFD28FB7C" box="[151,680,1147,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7A2836F37A1E1C6AFF62FB8AFD28FB7C" blockId="1.[151,680,1147,1207]" box="[151,680,1147,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">
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<heading id="2160819F7A1E1C6AFF62FB8AFD28FB7C" bold="true" box="[151,680,1147,1174]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFF62FB8AFD28FB7C" bold="true" box="[151,680,1147,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">
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<taxonomicName id="BD974D707A1E1C6AFF62FB8AFD8BFB7C" ID-CoL="7SNQX" authority="Woodruff, 2008" authorityName="Woodruff" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,523,1147,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cotinis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aliena">
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFF62FB8AFEC0FB7F" bold="true" box="[151,320,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Cotinis aliena</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="1E064B027A1E1C6AFEB2FB8DFD8BFB7C" author="Woodruff, R. E." box="[327,523,1148,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref7640" refString="Woodruff, R. E. (2008) The genus Cotinis Burmeister in the eastern United States, with description of a new species from the Florida Keys, including a checklist of the genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae). Insecta Mundi, 51, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2008">Woodruff, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, third instar
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="328D65787A1E1C6AFF62FB6FFE92FB5D" box="[151,274,1182,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7A2836F37A1E1C6AFF62FB6FFE92FB5D" blockId="1.[151,680,1147,1207]" box="[151,274,1182,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFF6AFB6FFE88FB5D" box="[159,264,1182,1207]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1643,1665]" captionTargetBox-0="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1420,260,1595]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Cotinis aliena third instar. A–B, Maxillae and labium, dorsal and ventral view (scale bar = 0.8 mm); C, Last antennnomere, ventral view (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D, Left prothoracic spiracle; E, Detail of raster; F–H, lateral views of left legs, prothoracic, mesothoracic, and metathoracic leg (scale bar = 0.4 mm)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2636318/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="328D65787A1E1C6AFF62FB17FC35FA81" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="7A2836F37A1E1C6AFF62FB17FC35FA81" blockId="1.[151,1437,1254,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFF62FB17FE01FB15" bold="true" box="[151,385,1254,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Three third instars and two exuviae with the following data: “Monroe Co. Upper Matacumbe Key. Islamorada.
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<date id="0E2910337A1E1C6AFEAAFAFAFE3BFAC9" box="[351,443,1291,1315]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" value="1982-05-19">19-v-82</date>
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. R. E. Woodruff. 6–8 Deep in soil”; “
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<collectingRegion id="B853F8117A1E1C6AFC9DFAFBFC3CFAC9" box="[872,956,1290,1315]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Florida</collectingRegion>
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Monroe Co. Islamorada, Manny and Islas Restaurant.
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<date id="0E2910337A1E1C6AFED4FADFFE07FAAD" box="[289,391,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" value="1978-03-23">23-iii-78</date>
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. W. E. Wyles. Soil under Bauhinia”; “
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<collectingRegion id="B853F8117A1E1C6AFCA4FADFFC28FAAD" box="[849,936,1326,1351]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Florida</collectingRegion>
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: Monroe Co. Islamorada.
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<date id="0E2910337A1E1C6AFB2BFADFFACAFAAD" box="[1246,1354,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" value="1978-07-18">18-vii-78</date>
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. W. E. Wyles”. Larvae were collected in association with adults in pupal cells.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="328D65787A1E1C69FF32FA87FED8FB4A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7A2836F37A1E1C69FF32FA87FBA7FBE5" blockId="1.[151,1437,1254,2035]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFF32FA87FED9FA65" bold="true" box="[199,345,1398,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Description.</emphasis>
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Dorsal body length
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<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1E1C6AFDCEFA87FD7AFA64" box="[571,762,1398,1423]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8299999999999996" metricValueMax="3.013" metricValueMin="2.647" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="28.299999999999997" valueMax="30.13" valueMin="26.47">26.47–30.13 mm</quantity>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFCFDFA87FCE0FA65" box="[776,864,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFC81FA87FC61FA65" bold="true" box="[884,993,1398,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Cranium</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFC05FA87FBC5FA65" box="[1008,1093,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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): Width of head capsule
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<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1E1C6AFAA8FA86FF7FFA58" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.305" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="3.31" pageId="1" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="4.305" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="3.31">3.31– 5.30 mm</quantity>
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. Color yellowish brown to reddish black. Surface moderately rugose and punctate. Epicranial suture and frontal suture distinct.
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFE69FA4FFE61FA3D" bold="true" box="[412,481,1470,1495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Frons</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFE06FA4FFDCCFA3D" box="[499,588,1470,1495]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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): Surface with 1 external frontal seta and 1 posterior frontal seta on each side, with 2 short anterior frontal setae. Each frontal anterior angle with 1 long seta. Dorsoepicranium with 2 long dorsoepicranial setae followed by 8–10 epicranial small setae distributed irregularly and 1 long anterior epicranial seta on each side.
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFE95F9DBFE40F9A9" bold="true" box="[352,448,1578,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Clypeus</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFE3AF9DBFDA6F9A9" box="[463,550,1578,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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): Shape subtrapezoidal. Surface of postclypeus with 2 external clypeal setae on each side and 2 central setae.
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFE1FF9BFFDCEF98D" bold="true" box="[490,590,1614,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Labrum</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFDABF9BFFD36F98D" box="[606,694,1614,1639]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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): Symmetrical, lateral margins rounded, anterior margin trilobed, clithra present. Surface with 4 posterior labral setae and 1 long posterolateral labral seta on each side, with 2 long central setae.
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFECEF967FE4AF945" bold="true" box="[315,458,1686,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Epipharynx</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFE2AF967FDBBF945" box="[479,571,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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): Form transversely suboval, asymmetrical. Plegmata absent. Haptomeral region with a curved, transverse row of 15 moderately long, fairly stout setae. Right chaetoparia with 68–72 setae and left chaetoparia with 50–55 setae. Acroparia with 7–9 long, stout, slightly curved setae on each side. Corypha with 6 long, stout, slightly curved setae. Right and left acanthoparia with 9 short, curved, spine-like setae. Pedium longer than wide, without setae. Dexiotorma narrow, elongate. Laeotorma shorter than dexiotorma. Pternotorma small, rounded. Haptolochus lacking setae. Nesia with sensorial cone.
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<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1E1C6AFC5AF8BBFBD8F889" bold="true" box="[943,1112,1866,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Left mandible</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFB92F8BBFB25F889" box="[1127,1189,1866,1891]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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D–G): Scissorial area with 4 well developed teeth, scissorial notch located between tooth 2 and 3 and teeth 3–4 separed by broad furrow. Dorsal surface with 2 long setae at level to basal scissorial notch, and 2 dorsomolar setae in tuft. Scrobis with 7 long setae. Acia absent. Preartis distinct, concave. Ventral surface with elongate-oval stridulatory area with about 10 subparallel ridges (
|
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<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1E1C6AFE66F82BFE6DF819" box="[403,493,2010,2035]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="143">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral process large, rounded. Brustia with about 10 long setae. Molar area with tuft of 6–8 ventral molar setae. Molar lobe large, weakly subdivided. Postartis large, rounded.
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FB2AFF66FA1CFF5A" bold="true" box="[1247,1436,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Right mandible</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FF6AFF4DFF5CFF3E" box="[159,220,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
H–K): Scissorial area with 3 teeth well developed, teeth 1–2 separated by a scissorial notch and teeth 2–3 by broad furrow. Dorsal surface with 2 long setae at level to basal scissorial notch and dorsomolar setae. Scrobis with 9 long setae. Preartis distinct, concave. Ventral surface with elongate-oval stridulatory area with about 8 subparallel ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FF1FFED6FEC2FEAA" box="[234,322,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 1K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral process well developed, broadly rounded. Brustia with about 6 long setae. Molar area with tuft of 6–8 ventral molar setae. Molar crown trilobed. Postartis large, rounded.
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FBE3FEBDFA82FE8F" bold="true" box="[1046,1282,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Maxilla and labium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FAE6FEBDFAD6FE8E" box="[1299,1366,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1643,1665]" captionTargetBox="[165,1420,260,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cotinis aliena third instar. A–B, Maxillae and labium, dorsal and ventral view (scale bar = 0.8 mm); C, Last antennnomere, ventral view (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D, Left prothoracic spiracle; E, Detail of raster; F–H, lateral views of left legs, prothoracic, mesothoracic, and metathoracic leg (scale bar = 0.4 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636318/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B): Galea and lacinia fused, forming mala. Mala with large uncus at apex and 2 subterminal unci. Dorsal surface of the mala with about 25 setae. Maxillary palpus with 4 palpomeres, palpomere 4 almost as long as previous palpomere; palpomere 3 with 2 lateral setae in ventral view. Cardo subdivided into 3 sclerites. Mentum subdivided into 3 sclerites. Labial palpus with 2 palpomeres. Stridulatory area with row of 7–8 curved acute stridulatory teeth, and a distal truncate process, teeth becoming increasingly smaller basally. Glossa with 20–23 long setae and 17–20 short setae. Hypopharyngeal sclerome asymmetrical, truncate process prominent, elevated. Both lateral lobes with about 16–20 long setae each.
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FE6FFDB6FD8DFD8A" bold="true" box="[410,525,583,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FDE9FDB6FDF4FD8A" box="[540,628,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1643,1665]" captionTargetBox="[165,1420,260,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cotinis aliena third instar. A–B, Maxillae and labium, dorsal and ventral view (scale bar = 0.8 mm); C, Last antennnomere, ventral view (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D, Left prothoracic spiracle; E, Detail of raster; F–H, lateral views of left legs, prothoracic, mesothoracic, and metathoracic leg (scale bar = 0.4 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636318/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Terminal antennomere almost as long as the antennomere 3. Surface of terminal antennomere with 8–11 sensory spots.
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FD59FD9DFC85FD6F" bold="true" box="[684,773,620,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FCE6FD9DFCECFD6E" box="[787,876,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,197,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[230,1349,192,1901]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cotinis aliena third instar. A, habitus (scale bar = 3 mm); B, cranium frontal view (scale bar = 1.6 mm); C, epipharynx (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D–F, left mandible, dorsal, lateral and ventral view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); G, detail of stridulatory area; H–J, right mandible, ventral, lateral and dorsal view (scale bar = 0.6 mm); K, detail of stridulatory area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636316/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
): Prothoracic spiracle
|
||
<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1D1C69FB93FD9DFB3CFD6E" box="[1126,1212,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1D1C69FAF7FD9DFAD8FD6E" box="[1282,1368,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; respiratory plate reddish brown, C-shaped, spiracular bulla rounded; respiratory plate with about 30–35 regularly edged holes across diameter at middle, holes irregularly oval (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FCA5FD45FC2BFD26" box="[848,939,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1643,1665]" captionTargetBox="[165,1420,260,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cotinis aliena third instar. A–B, Maxillae and labium, dorsal and ventral view (scale bar = 0.8 mm); C, Last antennnomere, ventral view (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D, Left prothoracic spiracle; E, Detail of raster; F–H, lateral views of left legs, prothoracic, mesothoracic, and metathoracic leg (scale bar = 0.4 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636318/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal surface of each segment with many short setae and some slender, long setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FD82FD26FD2FFD1A" bold="true" box="[631,687,727,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FD37FD26FC87FD1A" box="[706,775,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1643,1665]" captionTargetBox="[165,1420,260,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cotinis aliena third instar. A–B, Maxillae and labium, dorsal and ventral view (scale bar = 0.8 mm); C, Last antennnomere, ventral view (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D, Left prothoracic spiracle; E, Detail of raster; F–H, lateral views of left legs, prothoracic, mesothoracic, and metathoracic leg (scale bar = 0.4 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636318/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F–H): Pretarsus cylindrical, rounded apically. Prothoracic pretarsus short in relation to mesothoracic and metathoracic. Legs gradually increasing in length from first to third pair. Coxa, trochanter, femur, and tibia of all legs with numerous long, stout setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FBCFFCEEFB38FCD2" bold="true" box="[1082,1208,799,824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal spiracle slightly larger (
|
||
<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1D1C69FEBDFCB5FE23FCB6" box="[328,419,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1D1C69FE1AFCB5FDC9FCB6" box="[495,585,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) than prothoracic spiracle, all abdominal spiracles subequal in size. Abdominal segments I–VII each with many short, spine-like setae. Abdominal segment VIII with numerous long, slender setae, and sparse, minute setae. Abdominal segments IX and X fused. All spiracular areas with 5–6 long, slender setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FEC6FC5EFE02FC22" bold="true" box="[307,386,943,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Raster</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FE64FC5EFE68FC22" box="[401,488,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1643,1665]" captionTargetBox="[165,1420,260,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cotinis aliena third instar. A–B, Maxillae and labium, dorsal and ventral view (scale bar = 0.8 mm); C, Last antennnomere, ventral view (scale bar = 0.3 mm); D, Left prothoracic spiracle; E, Detail of raster; F–H, lateral views of left legs, prothoracic, mesothoracic, and metathoracic leg (scale bar = 0.4 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636318/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
): Palidia closed anteriorly and posteriorly, each palidium consists of 2 poorly defined rows of 18–20 irregular sparsely stout, falcate compressed setae. Septula long and very narrow. Lower anal lip with about 30 sparse, short, thick setae and 25 long, slender setae. Anal slit transverse.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7A2836F37A1D1C69FF32FBEDFED8FB4A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<emphasis id="48E3EAE17A1D1C69FF32FBEDFED0FBDF" bold="true" box="[199,336,1052,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Pupal cases</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E2AC2A767A1D1C69FEAAFBEDFE23FBDE" box="[351,419,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1359,1381]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,375,1337]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,375,1337]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cotinis aliena, pupal cases with larval skins." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2636320/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="144">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oval. Length
|
||
<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1D1C69FDA4FBEDFD76FBDE" box="[593,758,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.285" metricValueMax="2.41" metricValueMin="2.16" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="22.85" valueMax="24.1" valueMin="21.6">21.6–24.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1D1C69FCB2FBEDFC6DFBDE" box="[839,1005,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.61" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="16.8" valueMax="17.5" valueMin="16.1">16.1–17.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Walls
|
||
<quantity id="BD6F9B167A1D1C69FBC9FBEDFB5FFBDE" box="[1084,1247,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="0.58" valueMax="0.65" valueMin="0.51">0.51–0.65 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, composed of relatively coarse sand and calcareous bits of coral and shell. Outside surface irregular, inside relatively smooth. The material that constitutes the pupal case walls is apparently bound together by fecal cement applied from the anus of the larva.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |