315 lines
29 KiB
XML
315 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5180226" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5180226" approvalRequired="41" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="39" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1628681830383" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Roux, Jacobus P." docDate="2001" docId="F208682EFFBF9471FF1731C8FCF6EF7B" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.23.2.265-287.pdf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 23 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:098A4CF1B6E9584837F32C90750919E8.1:Adansonia.2001-2004.journal_article" docStyleId="098A4CF1B6E9584837F32C90750919E8" docStyleName="Adansonia.2001-2004.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Polystichum luctuosum T. Moore" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="278" masterDocId="0E311056FFB4947CFF803161FFF1EE46" masterDocTitle="A review of the fern genus Polystichum (Pteropsida: Dryopteridaceae) in Madagascar and the Mascarene region" masterLastPageNumber="287" masterPageNumber="265" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" updateTime="1628683146115" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the fern genus Polystichum (Pteropsida: Dryopteridaceae) in Madagascar and the Mascarene region</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Roux, Jacobus P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>Adansonia</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2001</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="series">
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<mods:title>3</mods:title>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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||
<mods:number>23</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="issue">
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||
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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||
<mods:start>265</mods:start>
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<mods:end>287</mods:end>
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||
</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5180226</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5180226</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F208682EFFBF9471FF1731C8FCF6EF7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F208682EFFBF9471FF1731C8FCF6EF7B" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="278" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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<subSubSection box="[151,653,167,195]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,653,167,195]" box="[151,653,167,195]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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<heading box="[151,653,167,195]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,173,169,195]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="(Kunze) T. Moore" box="[178,653,167,195]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[178,449,167,195]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
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(Kunze) T. Moore
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="278" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="11.[151,684,226,605]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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<bibCitation box="[177,374,226,250]" page="95" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="5.73037741894355E-4" volumeTitle="Index Fil." year="1858">Index Fil.: 95 (1858)</bibCitation>
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;
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<bibCitation author="Christensen" journal="Dansk Bot. Ark." page="68" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="0.1458621760770288" volume="7" year="1932">
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Christensen,
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<bibCitation journal="Dansk Bot. Ark." page="68" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="1.330218048582724" volume="7" year="1932">Dansk Bot. Ark. 7: 68 (1932)</bibCitation>
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</bibCitation>
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; Tardieu, Fl. Madag., fam. 5: 320 (1958);
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<bibCitation author="Roux" journal="Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.)" page="37" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="64.16919514943308" volume="30" year="2000">
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Roux,
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<bibCitation journal="Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.)" page="37" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="64.16919514943308" volume="30" year="2000">Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.) 30: 37 (2000)</bibCitation>
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</bibCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation author="Kunze" journal="Linnaea" page="548" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="4.864797368871433" volume="10" year="1836">
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<taxonomicName authority="Kunze, Linnaea" authorityName="Kunze, Linnaea" box="[270,642,302,326]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
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<emphasis box="[270,472,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Aspidium luctuosum</emphasis>
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Kunze, Linnaea
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</taxonomicName>
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10: 548 (1836)
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation author="Christ" journal="Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges." page="34" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="2.593715670085391" volume="3" year="1893">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Kunze) Christ, Ber." authorityName="Christ, Ber." baseAuthorityName="Kunze" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lobatum" variety="luctuosum">
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<emphasis box="[319,528,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Polystichum lobatum</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis box="[584,684,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">luctuosum</emphasis>
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(Kunze) Christ, Ber.
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectingCountry box="[398,493,353,377]" name="Switzerland" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Schweiz</collectingCountry>
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. Bot. Ges. 3: 34 (1893)
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<typeStatus box="[263,325,378,402]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Types</typeStatus>
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:
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<emphasis box="[335,431,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Ecklon s.n</emphasis>
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., in monte Katriviersberg in sylvis, (syn-, LZ, delet.);
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<emphasis box="[439,546,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Ecklon s.n.</emphasis>
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, ad fontes fl. Katrivier prope Philipstown, in sylvis montium, (syn-, LZ, delet.).
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<treatmentCitation author="Hook., Sp. Fil." box="[151,649,479,504]" journal="Fil." page="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" score="8.334596789501541E-7" volume="4" year="1862">
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<taxonomicName authority="Hook., Sp. Fil." authorityName="Hook., Sp. Fil." box="[151,514,479,504]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tsus-simense">
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<emphasis box="[151,358,479,504]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Aspidium tsus-simense</emphasis>
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Hook., Sp. Fil.
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</taxonomicName>
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4: 16 (1862)
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,684,226,605]" box="[177,684,504,529]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Hook.) J. Sm., Hist. Fil." authorityName="J. Sm., Hist. Fil." baseAuthorityName="Hook." box="[177,681,504,529]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tsus-simense">
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<emphasis box="[177,411,504,529]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Polystichum tsus-simense</emphasis>
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(Hook.) J. Sm., Hist. Fil.
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,684,226,605]" box="[177,684,530,554]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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<materialsCitation box="[177,684,530,554]" location="Wilford" municipality="Island of Tsus" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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219 (1875). —
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<typeStatus box="[341,396,530,554]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Type</typeStatus>
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:
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<emphasis box="[408,517,530,554]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F208682EFFBF9471FF1731C8FCF6EF7B:7F7E8FE3FFBF9477FE183373FE12EC6C" box="[408,483,530,554]" municipality="Island of Tsus" name="Wilford" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Wilford</location>
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s.n
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</emphasis>
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.,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[539,684,530,554]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Island of Tsus</collectingMunicipality>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,684,226,605]" box="[177,684,555,580]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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Sima, in the Straits of
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<collectingCountry box="[411,470,555,578]" name="South Korea" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">Korea</collectingCountry>
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(holo-, K [2 sheets];
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,684,226,605]" box="[177,319,581,605]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">NBG!-photo).</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,684,628,1667]" lastBlockId="11.[714,1247,168,1667]" pageId="11" pageNumber="276">
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Plants terrestrial, epilithic, or rarely as low-level epiphytes. Rhizome short, erect to suberect, to
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<quantity box="[151,230,689,716]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, densely beset with roots, persistent stipe bases, and paleae, the paleae castaneous, chartaceous, the larger paleae broadly attached, ovate, narrowly ovate, or lanceolate, cordate, with long twisted uniseriate, glandtipped hairs on the apical margin and surface, the apex flagelliform, terminating in an oblong thinwalled cell, to 10.5 ×
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<quantity box="[390,480,904,931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
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, the smaller shortstalked, narrowly triangular to subulate, cordate, the margins proximally with numerous long and twisted uniseriate hairs, distally with widely spaced apically and basally directed marginal outgrowths that become smaller apically, the apex flagelliform, terminating in a small thin-walled cell. Fronds crowded, caespitose, 7-16 per plant, suberect to arching, to
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||
<quantity box="[407,487,1149,1176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="m" value="0.93">0.93 m</quantity>
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long; stipe proximally castaneous, stramineous distally, adaxially sulcate, to
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||
<quantity box="[272,368,1210,1237]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="450.0">450 mm</quantity>
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||
long, to
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<quantity box="[474,541,1210,1237]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, densely paleated, the proximal paleae castaneous, chartaceous to crustaceous, broadly attached, ovate, cordate, the margins proximally entire or with a few short and/or long uniseriate hairs, distally with numerous multicellular hairs as for the rhizome paleae, the distal paleae short-stalked, narrowly oblong, narrowly triangular or subulate, cordate to hastate, the margins bearing a few long and/or short multicellular hairs proximally, distally with widely and irregularly spaced outgrowths reduced in size and number towards apex, the apex flagelliform, terminating in a small thin-walled cell, to 15 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[407,493,1609,1636]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
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; lamina 2-pinnate to 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, with up to 25-stalked pinna pairs, to
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<quantity box="[884,979,168,195]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="480.0">480 mm</quantity>
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long, firmly herbaceous to coriaceous, olive-green adaxially, paler abaxially, narrowly ovate to ovate, the proximal pinnae slightly reduced, often somewhat deflexed; rachis stramineous, adaxially sulcate, densely paleated, the paleae dark brown to black, glossy, chartaceous to crustaceous, short-stalked, narrowly triangular to subulate, cordate to hastate, the auricles usually bearing long and twisted multicellular and uniseriate hairs some of which terminate in a thin-walled cell, the margins either distally with short, widely and irregularly spaced outgrowths that reduce in size and number towards the apex, or more or less entire in smaller paleae, to
|
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<quantity box="[935,1004,597,623]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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long; pinnae shortstalked, 1-pinnate to 1-pinnate-pinnatifid, with up to 12-stalked pinnule pairs, narrowly lanceolate, proximally widely spaced, distally often somewhat overlapping, to
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<quantity box="[1007,1102,720,747]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="173.0">173 mm</quantity>
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long; pinnarachis stramineous, adaxially sulcate, densely beset with paleae similar to, but less complex than those on the rachis; pinnules widely spaced to overlapping, the proximal acroscopic pinnule the largest, often significantly longer than the next, to
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<quantity box="[803,882,904,931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
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long, to
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<quantity box="[980,1059,904,931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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wide, inaequilateral, narrowly trullate to rhomboid, basiscopically cuneate, acroscopically truncate and auricled, often somewhat falcate, lobate-serrate, aristate, the proximal pinnules short-stalked, often acroscopically incised to or nearly to the costa, the costa adaxially sulcate, glabrous, abaxially sparsely beset with castaneous, chartaceous, narrowly triangular-hastate to subulate-hastate paleae, cordate to cordate-imbricate, proximally with long and/or short filiform outgrowths that often terminate in a thin-walled cell, the apex always terminating in a small thin-walled cell, to
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<quantity box="[1158,1247,1272,1299]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
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long. Venation obscure. Sori circular, c.
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||
<quantity box="[1159,1247,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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in diameter; terminal or near-terminal on abbreviated vein branches, essentially uniseriate; sporangium stalk eglandular, capsule with 10(-13-)19-indurated annulus cells; indusium peltate, circular, entire, repand or crenulate, persistent, brown, pale brown and often dark-centred before drying, cupulate when dry, maximum radius 0.5(-0.73-)
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<quantity box="[912,1022,1548,1575]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" unit="mm" value="0.95">0.95 mm</quantity>
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. Spores 32 per sporangium, brown, the perispore unevenly folded to
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<taxonomicName box="[746,887,1609,1636]" form="narrow" pageId="11" pageNumber="276" rank="form">form narrow</taxonomicName>
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and broad reticulate ridges, the ridges and areas between ridges echinulate, spicu-
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[200,219,952,977]" box="[200,219,952,977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="277">C</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5180234" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5180234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5180234/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="277" startId="12.[151,180,1629,1646]" targetBox="[228,1164,195,1585]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1247,1551,1667]" pageId="12" pageNumber="277">
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Fig. 4. —
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<taxonomicName box="[237,501,1629,1646]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="277" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalambatitrense">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[237,501,1629,1646]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="277">Polystichum kalambatitrense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[513,526,1629,1646]" pageId="12" pageNumber="277">A</emphasis>
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, basal part of the lamina;
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[754,767,1629,1646]" pageId="12" pageNumber="277">B</emphasis>
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, rhizome;
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[859,873,1629,1646]" pageId="12" pageNumber="277">C</emphasis>
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, abaxial surface of a fertile pinna.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="277">
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<taxonomicName box="[1173,1247,1629,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
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11914
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</emphasis>
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(P).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,684,168,256]" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
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late or verruculate, exospore 30(-38.84-)50 × 22(-28.2-)36 µm. Chromosome number 2n = 123, apogamous. —
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<figureCitation box="[378,491,230,256]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,179,1365,1382]" captionTargetBox="[158,1239,169,1325]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[154,1245,167,1330]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 3. — Stipe and lamina paleae in Polystichum species. — Polystichum ammifolium: A, stipe palea, Boivin 822 (B); B, lamina palea (adaxial surface), Rakolomalala s.n. (P); C, basal part of B showing the cellular structure. — Polystichum crinulosum: D, stipe palea, s.coll. s.n. (P); E, apex of D showing the cellular structure; F, rachis palea, s.coll. s.n. (P); G, apex of F showing the cellular structure. — Polystichum kalambatitrense: H, stipe palea. Humbert 12158 (P); I, lamina palea (abaxial surface), Humbert 11914 (P). — Polystichum luctuosum: J, stipe palea. Roux 2268 (NBG); K, lamina palea (abaxial surface), McDonell 34 (BM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5180232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5180232/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Figs. 3J,K.</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[151,684,287,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
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||
MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
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<collectingCountry box="[425,559,287,310]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
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<taxonomicName authority="Swingle" authorityName="Swingle" box="[572,659,288,312]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
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& Swingle 4798
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</emphasis>
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, environs d’Ambositra, Mt. Vatomavy (
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<collectionCode box="[159,205,338,362]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">BM</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[219,237,338,362]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
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);
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<emphasis box="[261,561,338,362]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Perrier de la Bâthie 13656</emphasis>
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, massif de l’Andringitra,
|
||
<quantity box="[290,366,363,388]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[380,396,364,388]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Herb. Jard. Bot. Tananarive 3229</emphasis>
|
||
, Merina (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[303,319,389,413]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis box="[339,446,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<collectionCode box="[339,361,388,411]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[364,382,388,411]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[385,402,388,411]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
|
||
. s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Manongarivo,
|
||
<quantity box="[605,684,388,413]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[159,176,414,438]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
). —
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[227,353,414,437]" name="Réunion" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">LA RÉUNION</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis box="[366,479,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Cadet 4129</emphasis>
|
||
, Thermes de Cilaós,
|
||
<quantity box="[151,228,439,464]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[242,259,440,464]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,684,505,992]" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
|
||
DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES AND RELATIONSHIPS. — Diagnostic of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[308,545,537,563]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[308,545,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the olivegreen colour of the adaxial surface of the lamina and the darker veins seen in live plants. It is also separated from other taxa in the region by the usually very dark and narrow paleae occurring along the stipe and rachis. The larger rhizome and stipe base paleae bear long filiform outgrowths along the margin and paleae surface. Indusia are large, persistent, and entire, and take on a cupulate
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[318,445,813,839]" form="when" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" rank="form">form when</taxonomicName>
|
||
mature.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is furthermore a triploid apomict with 32 spores per sporangium and has a somatic chromosome number of 2n = 123.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to section
|
||
<emphasis box="[490,683,935,961]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Xiphopolystichum</emphasis>
|
||
Daigobo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,684,1026,1207]" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
|
||
VARIATION. —
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[355,607,1027,1053]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[355,607,1027,1053]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows little variation in stipe, lamina and basal pinna length within the study area. A comparison of these parts with Asian material shows that African (including
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[355,484,1150,1176]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
) plants are slightly larger than plants from Asia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ROUX J. P." box="[465,597,1181,1207]" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" refId="ref15005" refString="ROUX J. P. 1998. - A taxonomic revision of Polystichum (Pteropsida: Dryopteridaceae) in Africa and neighbouring islands. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Pretoria." type="book" year="1998">ROUX 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="278" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,684,1241,1667]" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — The species occurs on
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[271,405,1272,1299]" name="Réunion" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">La Réunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the central parts of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[151,278,1303,1329]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
at elevations to
|
||
<quantity box="[459,548,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also occurs on the Indian subcontinent, extending to
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[376,475,1365,1391]" name="Pakistan" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[489,563,1365,1391]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[577,679,1365,1391]" name="Vietnam" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[151,296,1394,1421]" name="South Korea" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[358,422,1394,1420]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Honsyu, Sikoku and Kyusyu). In
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[290,432,1426,1452]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[445,684,1426,1452]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[445,684,1426,1452]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs from the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[383,561,1456,1483]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
, through
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[151,320,1487,1513]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
to the north-eastern parts of the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[151,277,1517,1544]" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Free State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[292,453,1518,1544]" country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Mpumalanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
and the Northern Province. It also extends to the lower western parts of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[251,343,1579,1605]" name="Lesotho" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Lesotho</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the higher lying part of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[151,264,1610,1636]" name="Swaziland" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Swaziland</collectingCountry>
|
||
with isolated populations occurring along the eastern escarpment in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[498,617,1641,1667]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[714,1247,168,317]" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[740,984,169,195]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luctuosum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[740,984,169,195]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="278">Polystichum luctuosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mostly occurs epilithically along streams, but often also as a low-level epiphyte in moist forests. Plants often also grow on rocks away from water and in fairly dry conditions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |