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<mods:title id="37AFFC845981540AAFB7D5B174AD8636">Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1387BE602545DC8418E2EA09A68266F4">Querino, Ranyse B.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="F05B87A2E760FF8A09A9FAC7F976ECA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5943705" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159133367" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5943705" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F05B87A2E760FF8A09A9FAC7F976ECA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F05B87A2E760FF8A09A9FAC7F976ECA1" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<subSubSection id="30E8653FE760FF8A09A9FAC7F8F6EEC5" box="[151,755,1406,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="784D36B4E760FF8A09A9FAC7F8F6EEC5" blockId="11.[151,755,1406,1433]" box="[151,755,1406,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<heading id="230581D8E760FF8A09A9FAC7F8F6EEC5" bold="true" box="[151,755,1406,1433]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A09A9FAC7F8F6EEC5" ID-CoL="58CZ2" authority="Pintureau &amp; Gerding, 1999" authorityName="Pintureau &amp; Gerding" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,755,1406,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerudai">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09A9FAC7F8F6EEC5" bold="true" box="[151,755,1406,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09A9FAC7FBA0EEC5" bold="true" box="[151,421,1406,1433]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Trichogramma nerudai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C634B45E760FF8A0893FAC7F8F6EEC5" author="Pintureau, B. &amp; Gerding, M. &amp; Cisternas, E." box="[429,755,1406,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref18540" refString="Pintureau, B., Gerding, M. &amp; Cisternas, E. (1999) Description of three new species of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) from Chile. The Canadian Entomologist, 131, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 13153 - 1" type="journal article" year="1999">Pintureau &amp; Gerding, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30E8653FE760FF8A09A9FA7FF976ECA1" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="784D36B4E760FF8A09A9FA7FFECBEEBE" blockId="11.[151,1437,1478,2046]" box="[151,1230,1478,1506]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09A9FA7FFB0FEEBD" bold="true" box="[151,266,1478,1505]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Genital capsule narrow and strongly constricted at the level of intervolsellar process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="784D36B4E760FF8A09F9FA53FE90EC5D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1478,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09F9FA53FB4AED59" bold="true" box="[199,335,1514,1541]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0863FA52F864ED59" authorityName="Pintureau &amp; Gerding" authorityYear="1999" box="[349,609,1515,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerudai">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0863FA52F864ED59" box="[349,609,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Trichogramma nerudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0A5CFA55FE5DED59" authority="Voegel, 1982" authorityName="Voegel" authorityYear="1982" box="[866,1112,1515,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pintoi">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0A5CFA55F9BBED59" box="[866,958,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">T. pintoi</emphasis>
Voegel, 1982
</taxonomicName>
as follows: in
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0DC5FA55FF69ED59" authorityName="Pintureau &amp; Gerding" authorityYear="1999" box="[1275,1388,1515,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerudai">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0DC5FA55FF69ED59" box="[1275,1388,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">T. nerudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sides of the genital capsule narrow abruptly at the level of the intervolsellar process and the parameres are straight toward the apex. In
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A084BF98DFBD4ED11" authorityName="Voegel" authorityYear="1982" box="[373,465,1588,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pintoi">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A084BF98DFBD4ED11" box="[373,465,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">T. pintoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sides of the capsule are narrower and the parameres are arcuate. Other species that may be confused with
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A08B1F9E1F805ED2D" authorityName="Pintureau &amp; Gerding" authorityYear="1999" box="[399,512,1623,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerudai">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A08B1F9E1F805ED2D" box="[399,512,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">T. nerudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were discussed by
<bibRefCitation id="1C634B45E760FF8A0BEBF9EEF9CAED2D" author="Pintureau, B. &amp; Gerding, M. &amp; Cisternas, E." box="[725,975,1623,1650]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref18540" refString="Pintureau, B., Gerding, M. &amp; Cisternas, E. (1999) Description of three new species of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) from Chile. The Canadian Entomologist, 131, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 13153 - 1" type="journal article" year="1999">
Pintureau
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0A78F9E1F973ED2D" box="[838,886,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">et al</emphasis>
. (1999)
</bibRefCitation>
, and according to J. D. Pinto (pers. com.), it is difficult to morphologically separate
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0B50F9C5F8E7EDC9" authorityName="Pintureau &amp; Gerding" authorityYear="1999" box="[622,738,1659,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerudai">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0B50F9C5F8E7EDC9" box="[622,738,1659,1685]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">T. nerudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0A17F9C5FF14EDC9" authority="Sugonjaev &amp; Sorokina, 1976" authorityName="Sugonjaev &amp; Sorokina" authorityYear="1976" box="[809,1297,1659,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="principium">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0A17F9C5F9C4EDC9" box="[809,961,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">T. principium</emphasis>
Sugonjaev &amp; Sorokina, 1976
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C634B45E760FF8A0C1FF9C2FB32EDE6" author="Querino, R. B. &amp; Zucchi R. A." pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="597 - 613" refId="ref18906" refString="Querino, R. B. &amp; Zucchi R. A. (2003 b) Caracterizacao morfologica de dez especies de Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) registradas na America do Sul. Neotropical Entomology, 32, 597 - 613. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2003000400010" type="journal article" year="2003">Querino &amp; Zucchi 2003b</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0874F926F84AEDE5" authorityName="Pintureau &amp; Gerding" authorityYear="1999" box="[330,591,1695,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerudai">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0874F926F84AEDE5" box="[330,591,1695,1721]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Trichogramma nerudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from Chile (Angol region) and has been recorded only in that country. It was introduced into Argentina from Chile, where it was collected from
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0D8CF97AFF98ED81" baseAuthorityName="Denis and Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1202,1437,1731,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Rhyacionia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buoliana">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0D8CF97AFF98ED81" box="[1202,1437,1731,1757]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Rhyacionia buoliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(European pine shoot moth) to control this introduced pest in Argentina (
<bibRefCitation id="1C634B45E760FF8A0AF8F95EFE8CEC5D" author="Botto, E. N. &amp; Horny, C. &amp; Klasmer, P. &amp; Gerding, M." box="[966,1161,1767,1794]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="449 - 457" refId="ref17104" refString="Botto, E. N., Horny, C., Klasmer, P. &amp; Gerding, M. (2004) Biological studies on two neotropical egg parasitoid species: Trichogramma nerudai and Trichogramma sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 14, 449 - 457. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09583150410001683510" type="journal article" year="2004">
Botto
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0D33F951FE3BEC5D" box="[1037,1086,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">et al</emphasis>
. 2004
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="784D36B4E760FF8A09F9F8B2F945EC15" blockId="11.[151,1437,1478,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09F9F8B2FB86EC79" bold="true" box="[199,387,1802,1829]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Type repository</emphasis>
. Muséum National dHistoire Naturelle, Paris (holotype); Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago de Chile and Pintureaus collection (paratypes).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="784D36B4E760FF8A09F9F8EAF80DEC31" blockId="11.[151,1437,1478,2046]" box="[199,520,1874,1902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09F9F8EAFB65EC31" bold="true" box="[199,352,1874,1901]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Type locality</emphasis>
. Angus, Chile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="784D36B4E760FF8A09F9F8CFF92DECCD" blockId="11.[151,1437,1478,2046]" box="[199,808,1910,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09F9F8CFF834ECCD" bold="true" box="[199,561,1910,1937]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Distribution in South America</emphasis>
. Argentina and Chile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="784D36B4E760FF8A09F9F822F976ECA1" blockId="11.[151,1437,1478,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09F9F822FB0FECE9" bold="true" box="[199,266,1947,1973]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Hosts</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0829F822F973ECE9" authority="(Denis and Schiffermuller, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Denis and Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[279,886,1946,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Rhyacionia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buoliana">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0829F822F804ECE9" box="[279,513,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Rhyacionia buoliana</emphasis>
(Denis and Schiffermuller, 1775)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0ABDF822FE14ECE9" box="[899,1041,1947,1973]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0D24F822FE92ECEA" box="[1050,1175,1947,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tortricidae</taxonomicName>
) on
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0DF8F825FB6CEC85" authority="(Pintureau et al. 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Pintureau et al." baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0DF8F825FF5BECE9" box="[1222,1374,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Pinus radiata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C634B45E760FF8A0C52F822FB65EC85" author="Pintureau, B. &amp; Gerding, M. &amp; Cisternas, E." pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref18540" refString="Pintureau, B., Gerding, M. &amp; Cisternas, E. (1999) Description of three new species of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) from Chile. The Canadian Entomologist, 131, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 13153 - 1" type="journal article" year="1999">
Pintureau
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A09DBF879FB13EC85" box="[229,278,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">et al</emphasis>
. 1999
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A084AF806F87CEC85" authorityName="Pintureau &amp; Gerding" authorityYear="1999" box="[372,633,1983,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Trichogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerudai">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A084AF806F87CEC85" box="[372,633,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Trichogramma nerudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also reared from eggs of
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0AF2F879FF20EC85" authority="(Meyrick, 1917)" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[972,1317,1983,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Tuta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="absoluta">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A0AF2F879FE60EC85" box="[972,1125,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Tuta absoluta</emphasis>
(Meyrick, 1917)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A0C0AF806FAC0ECA2" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A09EEF85AFB5DECA2" authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1854" box="[208,344,2019,2046]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gelechiidae</taxonomicName>
) on tomato (
<taxonomicName id="BFF24D37E760FF8A08D9F85DF907ECA1" box="[487,770,2019,2045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycopersicon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculentum">
<emphasis id="4A86EAA6E760FF8A08D9F85DF907ECA1" box="[487,770,2019,2045]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Lycopersicon esculentum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in Chile.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>