226 lines
31 KiB
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226 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.55210" ID-GBIF-Dataset="112beb96-2da2-4cc9-8a36-d5ddbfe87288" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-2-781" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F0701CC577025AD690EE3FDD31F2AEFC" ID-ZooBank="CCDFA5BA6E714D1088087D39DBB92210" ModsDocID="1860-0743-2-781" checkinTime="1605866853493" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Perger, Robert & Rubio, Gonzalo D." docDate="2020" docId="F03374D376435A44925BABF1B4AD7592" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 96(2): 781-795" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.55210" docTitle="Sympolymnia lauretta Perger & Rubio 2020, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="F0701CC577025AD690EE3FDD31F2AEFC" lastPageNumber="781" masterDocId="F0701CC577025AD690EE3FDD31F2AEFC" masterDocTitle="Sympolymnia, a new genus of Neotropical ant-like spider, with description of two new species and indirect evidence for transformational mimicry (Araneae, Salticidae, Simonellini)" masterLastPageNumber="795" masterPageNumber="781" pageNumber="781" updateTime="1732710262512" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6A749C088E67282FC61A5F62187C0E26">Sympolymnia, a new genus of Neotropical ant-like spider, with description of two new species and indirect evidence for transformational mimicry (Araneae, Salticidae, Simonellini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="04DA3CB677DDD5360E6B816A330FD50E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EF4F35E5DFFF011F2CD5EC61A35CA3F2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="850CEF7FB93341066A060F196900826F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CFD893F5691D164AFDC58CF6057BDC6B">Perger, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="007A023599D1BF6525DFA695FA53E2C3">Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna, La Paz, Bolivia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEDF56D805FA5BFF50F24089BC3FB1CB" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-9638</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5C458B1F1CA0AEDE7C95255DC23857FF" type="email">robertperger@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C4503B5219874AE01226BECD0CDE0116">Rubio, Gonzalo D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8AA82ECF0DCFA22715F6B47DABB81022">National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Experimental Station of Agriculture (EEA-INTA), R 14, Km 836, Cerro Azul, Misiones, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5111A4F3D4D60F9DC42E5EF7442E386B" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4223-2980</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="81D56B5A120D5EEC7DA757A112F53536">Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C00A6CA6A2C2AC01C069A7318431508F">
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<mods:date id="D2E29FBDFDE53A36F46B5AC7DC7DFBD1">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4B231C17048E5CF58AAD583E5850D09C">96</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E00BB292C05ABEC054841C3C0BBCE075">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C727961B676B67F918DCAC85F0B9DBBC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="66C9D718CC7338B3F838E054EA5D432E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.55210</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F03374D376435A44925BABF1B4AD7592" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170420548" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F03374D376435A44925BABF1B4AD7592" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F03374D376435A44925BABF1B4AD7592" lastPageNumber="781" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="F0264D85725478142CC36ED756547D9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2944BBE75F20C8407A8FFBBC3630B224" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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<taxonomicName id="7A3C2D7912FD04C4CE9F194D94B8C465" ID-CoL="98ZFQ" LSID="F03374D3-7643-5A44-925B-ABF1B4AD7592" authority="(Peckham & Peckham, 1892)" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Peckham & Peckham" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sympolymnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympolymnia lauretta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lauretta" status="comb. nov.">Sympolymnia lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB179CBB21014B5BB8A44A583F4BD502" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="0DD015537BD5B70636663DC11FD348A6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dorsal habitus of A. Synemosyna myrmeciaeformis (Taczanowski, 1871), adult female; B. Sympolymnia lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892), adult female; C. S. shinahota sp. nov. (IBSI-Ara 0726), female holotype. Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477340" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A5C3E9AD6686DF548566C4A99138BA98" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Lateral habitus of A. Sympolymnia lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892), adult female; B. S. shinahota sp. nov. (IBSI-Ara 0726), female holotype. Scale bars: 1 cm. Arrows indicate the two light patches between the cephalic and thoracic areas (these patches are translucent white in live specimens)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477341" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">, 4A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="316250CB3065D8B8698D88F4DB040A38" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Live habitus of Sympolymnia spp. and potential ant models. Please note the ontogenetic shift of shine and abdomen shape in the spiders. Sympolymnia shinahota sp. nov.: A. Juvenile female, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept. (please note the shiny, pointed abdomen); B, C. Adult females, same location; D. Holotype female, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; E. Pseudomyrmex ethicus, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; F. Crematogaster sp., Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; G. Camponotus sanctaefidei, La Guardia, Santa Cruz Dept.; H. C. latangulus, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; Sympolymnia lauretta: I. Juvenile, Bermejo, Santa Cruz Dept. (please note the shiny and pointed abdomen); J. Sub-adult male, Santiago de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz Dept.; K. Adult female, Santa Rosa de la Mina, Santa Cruz Dept.; L. Sympolymnia cutleri sp. nov.: adult female, Chairo, La Paz Dept." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477345" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">, 8I-K</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B374CEF650612C10311B02560FF7BF44" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D90D7A99CBED4EBFB630F1E171FC0C55" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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<taxonomicName id="A6BFEF178248796D129B318AE82BA9D9" authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synemosyna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synemosyna lauretta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lauretta">Synemosyna lauretta</taxonomicName>
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Peckham & Peckham, 1892: 79, pl. 7, fig. 1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4D7CAE9924A0F2B410DF56C49B744F10" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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<taxonomicName id="B530C465D48C64E6DA89AA6A2FC2042F" authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synemosyna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synemosyna lauretta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lauretta">Synemosyna lauretta</taxonomicName>
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Simon, 1901: 509, figs 610, 611.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5449067B83F5A75754DC3EB4F7F4218" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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<taxonomicName id="4B33D8E3013C252377CFCD03F2D462EF" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synemosyna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synemosyna melanura" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanura">Synemosyna melanura</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="0E8E4753EE73C30EC46896401C992F44" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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, 1917: 142.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1EA088C9A650338BF3C8BC76C7F9876E" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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<taxonomicName id="8E8FB7A53730EAEB6102B18BF1B1C59A" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simonella atrogaster" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrogaster">Simonella atrogaster</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="A8C9D945053CB4361F4792C92C37CF8F" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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, 1941: 256.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC1ACEEA275A427D57EE8CF0A3C220ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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<taxonomicName id="AE2F70794B3D13A963C3B0BFA3D08341" authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synemosyna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synemosyna lauretta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lauretta">Synemosyna lauretta</taxonomicName>
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Galiano, 1966: 362, figs 23, 24, 42, 43, 47, 58.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="09C2EE0965AC2CD0F7843A2242249875" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" type="type deposit">
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<paragraph id="849D61D7203A71B0B4DA9AF7D67694E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Type deposit.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F1A8D75C2B560C22D6AA51FDB1B7BDCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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The type of
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<taxonomicName id="57680C3283296C08F65340EA1B44E107" lsidName="S. lauretta" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" rank="species" species="lauretta">
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<emphasis id="DBB5D4E75955BA506CDC5B6042BFF982" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">S. lauretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and its synonyms were destroyed in a recent fire (
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<bibRefCitation id="C202173D851033A761E99635C69FBDA1" author="World Spider Catalog" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B54" refString="World Spider Catalog, 2020. . Natural History Museum Bern. http://wsc.nmbe.ch" title=". Natural History Museum Bern." url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2020">WSC 2020</bibRefCitation>
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; A. Kury, unpublished).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="57D971EA4C12E9AC7F00A704958270E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="CBF4541B69B38FF18C88294E2277EF32" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E276FD005CFB597109097C3B7FAF4CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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Abdomen not constricted; bulb about 75% of cymbium length, tibial apophysis in retro-lateral view with broad base, obtusely angulated in the middle, apex triangular, evenly tapering; opening of epigyne very large (width: ~ 0.21 mm), longitudinal-elliptical (see
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<bibRefCitation id="0CA3EE837B38B0EF0C33EAC23608A57A" author="Galiano, ME" journalOrPublisher="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" pagination="339 - 380" refId="B13" refString="Galiano, ME, 1966. Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes V. Revision del genero Synemosyna Hentz, 1846. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia 1: 339 - 380" title="Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes V. Revision del genero Synemosyna Hentz, 1846." volume="1" year="1966">Galiano 1966</bibRefCitation>
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for line drawings).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B519D2E116CFC44A70E7DCE5D7EF14C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" type="variation">
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<paragraph id="C85002CCC84BC5A5375DE1CBAD62CF04" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1AB21B88A4AEA98C6003DE1A5D844589" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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Smaller juveniles (BL ≤ 3.1 mm) of
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<taxonomicName id="A997D7A850B9BD7202F3F08719ABFBD2" lsidName="S. lauretta" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" rank="species" species="lauretta">
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<emphasis id="F17CBE4A51B0579A4E88C01D35C02A8E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">S. lauretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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had a shiny black body with pointed abdominal apex (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="8B10FDF2C16DE68B17324B2A7938AC6B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Live habitus of Sympolymnia spp. and potential ant models. Please note the ontogenetic shift of shine and abdomen shape in the spiders. Sympolymnia shinahota sp. nov.: A. Juvenile female, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept. (please note the shiny, pointed abdomen); B, C. Adult females, same location; D. Holotype female, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; E. Pseudomyrmex ethicus, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; F. Crematogaster sp., Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; G. Camponotus sanctaefidei, La Guardia, Santa Cruz Dept.; H. C. latangulus, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; Sympolymnia lauretta: I. Juvenile, Bermejo, Santa Cruz Dept. (please note the shiny and pointed abdomen); J. Sub-adult male, Santiago de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz Dept.; K. Adult female, Santa Rosa de la Mina, Santa Cruz Dept.; L. Sympolymnia cutleri sp. nov.: adult female, Chairo, La Paz Dept." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477345" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">8I</figureCitation>
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). Larger juveniles (BL 3.2-3.9 mm) had a bright and pointed abdomen, but a black, matt carapace. The body of the adults (BL ≥ 3.9 mm) was completely matt, and the abdomen apically more rounded (Figs
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<figureCitation id="AE6F686137E5D0BFDB7B913DEE587CEF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dorsal habitus of A. Synemosyna myrmeciaeformis (Taczanowski, 1871), adult female; B. Sympolymnia lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892), adult female; C. S. shinahota sp. nov. (IBSI-Ara 0726), female holotype. Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477340" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">3B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CAB5CD41CEB792007426F0DFC477CA68" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Live habitus of Sympolymnia spp. and potential ant models. Please note the ontogenetic shift of shine and abdomen shape in the spiders. Sympolymnia shinahota sp. nov.: A. Juvenile female, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept. (please note the shiny, pointed abdomen); B, C. Adult females, same location; D. Holotype female, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; E. Pseudomyrmex ethicus, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; F. Crematogaster sp., Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; G. Camponotus sanctaefidei, La Guardia, Santa Cruz Dept.; H. C. latangulus, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; Sympolymnia lauretta: I. Juvenile, Bermejo, Santa Cruz Dept. (please note the shiny and pointed abdomen); J. Sub-adult male, Santiago de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz Dept.; K. Adult female, Santa Rosa de la Mina, Santa Cruz Dept.; L. Sympolymnia cutleri sp. nov.: adult female, Chairo, La Paz Dept." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477345" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">8K</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="26820817E5FF3FD5538FA32BB0B89487" doi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477340" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph id="3480AAE0835D602CA6F3E28ED7674452" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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<emphasis id="CE9F386F41EE73D71D1B64850F8114C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Dorsal habitus of
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<emphasis id="45C1E85AD6CD6F7F1900F56039FBE621" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">A.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="168A8B048A1BFB80B8B18753D4881328" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synemosyna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synemosyna myrmeciaeformis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myrmeciaeformis">
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<emphasis id="9BCFB674E95606628A1D431D0670577E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Synemosyna myrmeciaeformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Taczanowski, 1871), adult female;
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<emphasis id="C31A799CFDC5C61876D3A370A00E57F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">B.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="DCCA6994CE55C13BD3823B8CFE74BC2C" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Peckham & Peckham" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sympolymnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympolymnia lauretta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lauretta">
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<emphasis id="8B721A2A8125834BE0F155574D1AF545" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Sympolymnia lauretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Peckham & Peckham, 1892), adult female;
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<emphasis id="F00E608C8DBA376B3E8DB10078351365" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">C.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="9B556A239F2E4E3416EA9C45C7290C69" lsidName="S. shinahota" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" rank="species" species="shinahota">
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<emphasis id="AD3DA102649D3716D480C281E7978F3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">S. shinahota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (IBSI-Ara 0726), female holotype. Scale bars: 1 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8769A2D9CE2AF2DF23B8631851BD8B65" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E99590F2032F9992268642B345E4524C" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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|
Geographical and ecological distribution (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="BDCCFFCCC79E23DD59D98E810C8F8939" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Ecoregion distribution: " Sympolymnia lucasi (Taczanowski, 1871); 3 / 4 S. cutleri sp. nov.; · S. shinahota sp. nov.; l S. lauretta (Peckham & Peckham, 1892)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477344" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">7</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2944CAA1E05291671CE0C33AD1C167F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
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|
<taxonomicName id="6281AD00549472087B307D2C5D7AF9E7" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Peckham & Peckham" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sympolymnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympolymnia lauretta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lauretta">
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|
<emphasis id="BF222D384306A78D90E39CF598309948" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Sympolymnia lauretta</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
was reported from Brazil (
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|
<bibRefCitation id="B67E64ADCC80DF2ECE1A87D435A1692A" author="Peckham, GW" journalOrPublisher="Occasional papers of the Natural History Society of Wisconsin" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" pagination="1 - 84" refId="B32" refString="Peckham, GW, Peckham, EG, 1892. Ant-like spiders of the family Attidae. Occasional papers of the Natural History Society of Wisconsin 2 (1): 1 - 84" title="Ant-like spiders of the family Attidae." volume="2" year="1892">Peckham and Peckham 1892</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
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|
<bibRefCitation id="0934C089CD7074D76370AACFF4B34966" author="Galiano, ME" journalOrPublisher="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" pagination="339 - 380" refId="B13" refString="Galiano, ME, 1966. Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes V. Revision del genero Synemosyna Hentz, 1846. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia 1: 339 - 380" title="Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes V. Revision del genero Synemosyna Hentz, 1846." volume="1" year="1966">Galiano 1966</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
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|
<bibRefCitation id="7F7A3E1363AC6148B5C8ADF4918BC762" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032007000200023" author="Podgaiski, LR" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" pagination="1 - 15" refId="B44" refString="Podgaiski, LR, Ott, R, Lopes Rodrigues, EN, Buckup, EH, Leao Marques, MA, 2007. Araneofauna (Arachnida; Araneae) do Parque Estadual do Turvo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 7 (2): 1 - 15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032007000200023" title="Araneofauna (Arachnida; Araneae) do Parque Estadual do Turvo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032007000200023" volume="7" year="2007">Podgaiski et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="33C414DF32B8F84C3148C495A12ED91D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150102" author="Rodrigues, ENL" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" refId="B46" refString="Rodrigues, ENL, Rodrigues, PES, Mendonca, JMS, Milton, S, 2016. Spider species composition in the tree-shrub strata of riparian forests and its microhabitats in southern Brazil. Zoologia (Curitiba) 33(3): e20150102. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150102" title="Spider species composition in the tree-shrub strata of riparian forests and its microhabitats in southern Brazil. Zoologia (Curitiba) 33 (3): e 20150102." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150102" year="2016">Rodrigues et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), Argentina (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B40826E866EED9E72FAF5F57F88F0006" author="Galiano, ME" journalOrPublisher="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" pagination="339 - 380" refId="B13" refString="Galiano, ME, 1966. Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes V. Revision del genero Synemosyna Hentz, 1846. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia 1: 339 - 380" title="Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes V. Revision del genero Synemosyna Hentz, 1846." volume="1" year="1966">Galiano 1966</bibRefCitation>
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|
) and Peru (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D39A58BDDD5C5281DD47194125C812E1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650528509360674" author="Cutler, B" journalOrPublisher="Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" pagination="83 - 91" refId="B6" refString="Cutler, B, 1985. Taxonomic notes on Neotropical species in the genus Synemosyna (Araneae: Salticidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 20: 83 - 91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01650528509360674" title="Taxonomic notes on Neotropical species in the genus Synemosyna (Araneae: Salticidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/01650528509360674" volume="20" year="1985">Cutler 1985</bibRefCitation>
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|
). This species is predominately found in seasonal forests south of 15°S. According to the biogeographic regionalisation by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7E065EA9B7DACD750C7FEDEAE6D0BF14" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2" author="Olson, DM" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" refId="B30" refString="Olson, DM, Dinerstein, E, Wikramanayake, ED, Burgess, ND, Powell, GVN, Underwood, EC, D'Amico, JA, Itoua, I, Strand, HE, Morrison, JC, Loucks, CJ, Allnutt, TF, Ricketts, TH, Kura, Y, Lamoreux, JF, Wettengel, WW, Hedao, P, Kassem, KR, 2011. Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience 51(11): 933-938. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2" title="Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. Bioscience 51 (11): 933 - 938." url="https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2" year="2011">Olson et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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|
, the records of this species refer to Araucaria moist forest, Cerrado, Alto Parana Atlantic forest and Serra do Mar coastal forests. In the present study,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5E039E6AD08115F9610B5FDEB4B17DB8" lsidName="S. lauretta" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" rank="species" species="lauretta">
|
|
<emphasis id="6CAA370E36BA5AAFFB9A020281950813" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">S. lauretta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was observed in Tucuman (Tarija Department: Arambulo) and Chiquitano forests (Santa Cruz Department: Bermejo, Santa Rosa de la Mina, Santiago de Chiquitos). The records of the present study are the first for Bolivia. In almost all primary forest locations,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5A9B973C850400BF8E847453F1629C16" lsidName="S. lauretta" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" rank="species" species="lauretta">
|
|
<emphasis id="B05148A553D1DAF14622296D4E4408AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">S. lauretta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was obtained from isolated smaller trees and larger bushes overgrown with climbing plants (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="D2B0F22F52408FC6D73131262EE75924" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Examples for sampled habitat types; A. Bolivian Yungas forest (forest edge) in Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; B. Southwest Amazon forest (forest edge) in Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; C. Cerrado vegetation in Chiquitano forest, Santiago de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz Dept.; D. Bolivian Tucuman forest, Arambulo, Tarija Dept. (this area is comparably dry in the dry season)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.55210.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/477339" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">2C, D</figureCitation>
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|
), which are typically found in early successional forest and along forest edges.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D3530387A823D4EDEBAFCD2CFAFEF1E6" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Peckham & Peckham" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sympolymnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympolymnia lauretta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lauretta">
|
|
<emphasis id="9527149966AE50B5843A350215086719" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Sympolymnia lauretta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was not collected in closed, moist forests in the study area.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A85DA7A893EB887641EDB7658D81ADFC" author="Cutler, B" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" pagination="39 - 44" refId="B8" refString="Cutler, B, Edwards, GB, 2002. The Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of Trinidad and Tobago. Living World. Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club 2002: 39 - 44" title="The Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of Trinidad and Tobago. Living World." volume="2002" year="2002">Cutler and Edwards (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
recorded
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3197C8960B1D1C306BFF802DB2D518F4" lsidName="S. lauretta" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" rank="species" species="lauretta">S. cf. lauretta</taxonomicName>
|
|
from Trinidad Island (Lesser Antilles). The taxonomic status of this population remains to be determined.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="F2FF01BDF85A67AC0098B67C3585379A" pageId="0" pageNumber="781" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="7735730AA9CA029153CA2DB29102F5E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0A047CA09B82404F0DEF2166E6D8F41D" pageId="0" pageNumber="781">
|
|
Bolivia • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Santa Cruz Department, Bermejo;
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="70B0A77FECDF7F4FE858245BACBB2506" degrees="18.1361" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-18.1361">18.1361°S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="AA6583EC957E319AF989A47666294B5D" degrees="63.6191" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-63.6191">63.6191°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 8 Aug 2017; R. Perger leg.; CBF • 1 ♂, 3 ♀, 1 juv.; Santa Rosa de la Mina;
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="BF52F0FC06D3114B09EF4F85D078A031" degrees="16.5391" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-16.5391">16.5391°S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="DADF167AB73F90042E976089FF111C15" degrees="62.4622" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-62.4622">62.4622°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 9-13 Sep 2016; R. Perger leg.; CBF • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv.; Santiago de Chiquitos;
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="35A86FF076F910B3528CEDECF68AF0EB" degrees="18.3225" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-18.3225">18.3225°S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="A0FCD5E7F0C8ED673640ED790506BC90" degrees="59.5763" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-59.5763">59.5763°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 27-28 Dec 2017; R. Perger leg.; CBF. Brazil • 2 ♂, 2; Santa Catarina State, Governador Celso Ramos;
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="622737941F1C1219879AC977C051630F" degrees="27.314" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-27.314">27.314°S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="87928066B11C422FA24C077493E8004F" degrees="48.570" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-48.57">48.570°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 2 Nov 2016; J.E. Baigorria leg.; IBSI-Ara 0909. Argentina • 1 ♀; Misiones province, General Manuel Belgrano, Reserva Karadya;
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="66DF611C826554AF2141418D2455BB41" degrees="25.859" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-25.859">25.859°S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="E0913865178A716BEB403B4B5089A70F" degrees="53.960" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-53.96">53.960°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 21 Mar 2016; J.E. Baigorria leg.; IBSI-Ara 0610 • 1 ♀;
|
|
<normalizedToken id="60B0716992DD1A72A020467009EB9E79" originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Puerto
|
|
<normalizedToken id="0B4B7E0A9FC1F06EC683E5496D70F3F2" originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="5AE0233288A09FAFCE1C2B67451C48CD" degrees="25.592" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-25.592">25.592°S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="22D0512E6262C5220D156BFFE8A1CAB4" degrees="54.569" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-54.569">54.569°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 14 Sep 2016, leg. J.E. Baigorria; IBSI-Ara 0788 • 1 ♀; Leandro N. Alem, EEA INTA Cerro Azul;
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="07AD160BCDAA89E98035A31EE3725FE1" degrees="27.654" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-27.654">27.654°S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="926FD49CBC60755003CB1D94A8A8DE1C" degrees="55.435" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-55.435">55.435°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 20 Oct 2017; G.D. Rubio leg.; IBSI-Ara 0985 • 2 ♂; same location and collector as for preceding; 22 Jan 2018; IBSI-Ara 0998 • 1 ♂; same location and collector as for preceding; 21 Nov 2017; IBSI-Ara 1013 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; IBSI-Ara 1036 • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; IBSI-Ara 1041.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |