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<document id="7D7E32C50BE36BDBEB162013BE952176" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4121.3.3" ID-CLB-Dataset="38910" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4121.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="364fbc6a-ead2-4e76-90b2-5b2c746b594c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="255115" ID-ZooBank="43691D85-5544-42B2-8F57-F87AC3EAD869" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1465453111221" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Kawai, Toshio &amp; Amaoka, Kunio" docDate="2016" docId="EF45FB7CC266FFAB3DC046CFFE93F980" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4121.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4121 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bufoceratias microcephalus Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="273" masterDocId="137C8304C262FFAD3D57422DFFC6FF8B" masterDocTitle="Records of deep-sea anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) from Indonesia, with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="294" masterPageNumber="267" pageNumber="271" updateTime="1698662783365" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="730442F7D0239CD7410C8BBA42570202">Records of deep-sea anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) from Indonesia, with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E93FB6D144DE4C84A70DC2F103438E1D">Ho, Hsuan-Ching</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9C606682726B53DFC43D1FBF8B1C8743">Kawai, Toshio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E14F1ECB9AC4A5EAE49DBE4E658813A">Amaoka, Kunio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F569DE77B6D3BDB667B02485F1E064AB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="EF45FB7CC266FFAB3DC046CFFE93F980" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5617524" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120826660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5617524" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF45FB7CC266FFAB3DC046CFFE93F980" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF45FB7CC266FFAB3DC046CFFE93F980" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
<subSubSection id="2FF619E1C266FFA93DC046CFFE6CFAC8" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC266FFA93DC046CFFCB2FB77" blockId="4.[151,884,1250,1347]" box="[151,884,1250,1276]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
<heading id="3C1BFD06C266FFA93DC046CFFCB2FB77" bold="true" box="[151,884,1250,1276]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" reason="1">
<emphasis id="55989678C266FFA93DC046CFFCB2FB77" bold="true" box="[151,884,1250,1276]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C266FFA93DC046CFFCCFFB77" authority="Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka" authorityName="Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka" box="[151,777,1250,1276]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="55989678C266FFA93DC046CFFE2CFB77" bold="true" box="[151,490,1250,1276]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Bufoceratias microcephalus</emphasis>
Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4EAB2B03C266FFA93E4146CFFCB2FB77" box="[790,884,1250,1276]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC266FFA93DC0472AFE6CFAC8" blockId="4.[151,884,1250,1347]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
New English name: Small-head toady seadevil
<figureCitation id="FFD756EFC266FFA93DC04707FF24FAC8" box="[151,226,1322,1347]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1537,1559]" captionTargetBox="[370,1203,203,1504]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Holotype of Bufoceratias microcephalus Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka, sp. nov. A. HUMZ 193747, 151.0 mm SL, preserved. B. Esca of the holotype. AL, anterolateral escal appendage. PA, posterior escal appendage. PP, posterior pore. TP, termianl papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255119/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
AB, 6A;
<tableCitation id="2A6E7FD1C266FFA93C004707FE6CFAC8" box="[343,426,1322,1347]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,292,315]" captionTargetBox="[159,1398,550,1058]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected morphometric and meristic data for B. microcephalus Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka, sp. nov. compared to other congeners. Proportional data are expressed as percentage of standard length (SL). Tooth counts are sum of both sides. Data in the brackets are those provided in Pietsch (2009)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33931AE2C264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" tableUuid="33931AE2C264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FF619E1C266FFA93DC0475FFD01FA24" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC266FFA93DC0475FFD01FA24" blockId="4.[151,1437,1394,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
<emphasis id="55989678C266FFA93DC0475FFECBFA00" bold="true" box="[151,269,1394,1419]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
<typeStatus id="B857F4C8C266FFA93DC0475FFECEFA00" box="[151,264,1394,1419]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="01FDD2AFC266FFA93C4C475EFEA9FA01" box="[283,367,1395,1418]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8gr0-wfn9" name="Hokkaido University, Laboratory of Marine Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">HUMZ</collectionCode>
193747 (151.0), st. 29,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="02D82CADC266FFA93E42475FFC54FA00" box="[789,914,1394,1419]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" precision="92" value="110.416664">110°25.0'E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="02D82CADC266FFA93EF8475EFBD4FA00" box="[943,1042,1395,1419]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" precision="92" value="-8.513333">8°30.8'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="02D82CADC266FFA93973475FFB64FA00" box="[1060,1186,1394,1419]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" precision="92" value="110.39333">110°23.6'E</geoCoordinate>
off Java,
<collectingCountry id="1FFB0AFAC266FFA93872475FFA5EFA00" box="[1317,1432,1394,1419]" name="Indonesia" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, eastern Indian Ocean,
<quantity id="A014E78FC266FFA93CC047BBFDDAFA25" box="[407,540,1430,1455]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.625" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="7.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" unit="m" value="762.5" valueMax="770.0" valueMin="755.0">755770 m</quantity>
,
<date id="13526CAAC266FFA93F7047BAFD02FA24" box="[551,708,1430,1455]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" value="2005-05-13">13 May 2005</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FF619E1C266FFA93D904797FB5EF9B4" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC266FFA93D904797FB5EF9B4" blockId="4.[151,1437,1394,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
<emphasis id="55989678C266FFA93D904797FE82FA58" bold="true" box="[199,324,1466,1491]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A species of
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C266FFA93CB24797FDB1FA59" box="[485,631,1466,1490]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55989678C266FFA93CB24797FDB1FA59" box="[485,631,1466,1490]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Bufoceratias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by a small and narrow head; small mouth, reflected by shorter jaws; relatively small and more numerous teeth on both jaws; moderately long illicium; large esca bearing large bulb-like terminal papilla, about equal to size of esca, simple filament-like posterior appendage and pair of short simple filament-like lateral appendages; and lack of anterior appendage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FF619E1C266FFA83D904467FE6DF83F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="272" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" type="description">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC266FFA93D904467FC03F944" blockId="4.[151,1437,1394,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
<emphasis id="55989678C266FFA93D904467FE9AF9E8" bold="true" box="[199,348,1610,1635]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Description.</emphasis>
Dorsal-fin rays 6; pectoral-fin rays 14; anal-fin rays 4; caudal-fin rays 9. Teeth on vomer 11 (6, 5); upper jaw teeth 97 (45, 52); lower jaw teeth 67 (33, 34). Head length 36.6% SL; head depth 39.4; head width 26.3; frontal width 12.2; illicial length 70.0; distance between upper jaw symphysis and origin of illicium 40.4; upper jaw length 29.5; lower jaw length 35.6; total length of esca 21.3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC266FFA93D9044F7FDA4F809" blockId="4.[151,1437,1394,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
Body slightly elongated compared to three congeners, its depth about
<quantity id="A014E78FC266FFA93EA644F6FBF5F978" box="[1009,1075,1754,1779]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" unit="in" value="1.2">1.2 in</quantity>
length, somewhat compressed, oval profile when viewed from lateral side. Mouth relatively small, cleft not reaching eye, oblique. Oral valve well developed, lining inside of both jaws. Single tube-like nostril about midway between eye and mouth. Teeth short on both jaws and vomer, length of longest teeth on upper jaw 2.5% SL, on lower jaw 3.0% SL. Teeth present on pharyngobranchial II and III.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC266FFA93D9045A3FE66F864" blockId="4.[151,1437,1394,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Illicium moderately long, emerging from dorsal surface of head behind sphenotic spines. Entire pterygiophore of illicium concealed beneath skin. Second cephalic spine beneath skin just behind base of illicium; a small pore behind base of illicium.</paragraph>
<caption id="33931AE2C267FFA83DC0442CFEF8F9DF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255119/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="272" targetBox="[370,1203,203,1504]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC267FFA83DC0442CFEF8F9DF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1537,1620]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">
<emphasis id="55989678C267FFA83DC0442CFED0F99D" bold="true" box="[151,278,1537,1559]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C267FFA83CFF442CFC05F99C" authority="Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka" authorityName="Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka" box="[424,963,1537,1559]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="272" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="55989678C267FFA83CFF442CFD0EF99C" box="[424,712,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">Bufoceratias microcephalus</emphasis>
Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="55989678C267FFA83E86442CFBE3F99D" bold="true" box="[977,1061,1537,1558]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4EAB2B03C267FFA83E86442CFBE3F99D" box="[977,1061,1537,1558]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A. HUMZ 193747, 151.0 mm SL, preserved. B. Esca of the holotype. AL, anterolateral escal appendage. PA, posterior escal appendage. PP, posterior pore. TP, termianl papilla.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC267FFA83D90448CFB94F8AE" blockId="5.[151,1437,1696,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">Esca large, its length 10.5% SL and width 6.8% SL, bearing very large bulb-like terminal papilla, about size of escal bulb, its length 10.8% SL and width 6.8% SL; single filament-like posterior appendage, length 15.2% SL, simple and colorless; pair of short filament-like lateral appendages, length 4.2% SL (one side much shorter than other possibly due to damage); large posterior pore at base of terminal papilla.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC267FFA83D90451DFAA4F8C2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1696,2009]" box="[199,1378,1840,1865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">Body, including the illicium, esca and escal terminal papilla, covered by feeble and tiny dermal spines.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC267FFA83D904579FE6DF83F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1696,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">
<emphasis id="55989678C267FFA83D904579FE94F8E6" bold="true" box="[199,338,1876,1901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">Coloration.</emphasis>
Uniformly blackish, except for grayish rays of dorsal, anal and caudal fins and transparent inter-radial membranes. Middle portion of escal terminal papilla pigmented, base and tip semi-transparent; escal appendages transparent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FF619E1C267FFA83D9045EDFAA8F852" box="[199,1390,1984,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC267FFA83D9045EDFAA8F852" blockId="5.[151,1437,1696,2009]" box="[199,1390,1984,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">
<emphasis id="55989678C267FFA83D9045EDFE96F852" bold="true" box="[199,336,1984,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="272">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the relatively small head of this species compared to that of all other congeners.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FF619E1C264FFAB3D9042BAFE93F980" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC264FFAB3D9042BAFEA4FF73" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3D9042BAFEA2FF3B" bold="true" box="[199,356,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="B857F4C8C264FFAB3F3E42BAFD0BFF3B" box="[617,717,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
collected off Java,
<collectingCountry id="1FFB0AFAC264FFAB3EFA42BAFBDAFF3B" box="[941,1052,151,176]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
at a depth on
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755
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.
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3D904291FEFBFF5E" bold="true" box="[199,317,188,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Remarks.</emphasis>
A comparison on selected morphometric and meristic data for recognized species in the genus are shown in
<tableCitation id="2A6E7FD1C264FFAB3C5142F2FE9AFF73" box="[262,348,223,248]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,292,315]" captionTargetBox="[159,1398,550,1058]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected morphometric and meristic data for B. microcephalus Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka, sp. nov. compared to other congeners. Proportional data are expressed as percentage of standard length (SL). Tooth counts are sum of both sides. Data in the brackets are those provided in Pietsch (2009)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33931AE2C264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" tableUuid="33931AE2C264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="33931AE2C264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0" ID-Table-UUID="33931AE2C264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33931AE2C264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" targetBox="[159,1398,550,1058]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="67534A6AC264FFAB3DC04309FCFBFEF0" blockId="6.[151,1436,291,379]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3DC04309FECCFEB0" bold="true" box="[151,266,292,315]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Selected morphometric and meristic data for
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB3FA04309FB68FEB0" authority="Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka" authorityName="Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka" box="[759,1198,291,315]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3FA04309FC77FEB0" box="[759,945,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">B. microcephalus</emphasis>
Ho, Kawai &amp; Amaoka
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4EAB2B03C264FFAB39EE4309FAD6FEB0" box="[1209,1296,292,315]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" rank="species">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB39EE4309FAD6FEB0" bold="true" box="[1209,1296,292,315]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
compared to other congeners. Proportional data are expressed as percentage of standard length (SL). Tooth counts are sum of both sides. Data in the brackets are those provided in Pietsch (2009).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC264FFAB3C9C43B5FD8CFE40" blockId="6.[159,1373,406,531]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3C9C43B5FBA6FE26" box="[459,1120,406,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB3C9C43B5FDBDFE27" box="[459,635,406,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus">B. microcephalus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB3F8D43B5FCE1FE27" box="[730,807,406,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thele">B. thele</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB3EFC43B5FC38FE27" box="[939,1022,406,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wedli">B. wedli</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB391E43B5FBA6FE26" box="[1097,1120,408,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wedli">B.</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB39D143BBFA93FE27" box="[1158,1365,406,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
wedli
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB385543B5FA93FE27" box="[1282,1365,406,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shaoi" status="sp. nov.">B. shaoi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4EAB2B03C264FFAB3CAB439BFD8CFE40" box="[508,586,438,459]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC264FFAB3DC843F3FA9BFE7F" blockId="6.[159,1373,406,531]" box="[159,1373,478,500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Standard length (mm) 151.0 39.5127.4 (n=3) 51.0127.0 131.2 33.552.5</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67534A6AC264FFAB3EEE43D0FE93F980" blockId="6.[159,1373,406,531]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,1126,1547]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
(n=7) (n=1) (n=5)
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB3D90464AFDCFFBF5" box="[199,521,1126,1151]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3D90464AFDCFFBF5" box="[199,521,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Bufoceratias microcephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4EAB2B03C264FFAB3F47464BFDAAFBF4" box="[528,620,1126,1151]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" rank="species">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3F47464BFDAAFBF4" bold="true" box="[528,620,1126,1151]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be easily separated from all three congeners by its relatively small head, the length 36.6% SL (vs. 39.053.4% SL in congeners) and depth 39.4% SL (vs. 46.566.6% SL); narrow head, the width 26.4% SL (vs. 30.143.1% SL) and frontal width, 12.2% SL (vs. 13.317.0% SL); small mouth reflected by short jaws, upper jaw length 29.5% SL (vs. 36.249.9% SL) and lower jaw length 35.6% SL (vs. 37.757.5% SL); moderately long illicium, its length 70.0% SL, which is shorter than that of
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB39BF46DAFA8EFA85" box="[1256,1352,1270,1294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wedli">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB39BF46DAFA8EFA85" box="[1256,1352,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">B. wedli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(99.7 147.4% SL, n=12) and
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB3CF64736FE3FFAB8" box="[417,505,1307,1331]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thele">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB3CF64736FE3FFAB8" box="[417,505,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">B. thele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(111.1174.4% SL, n=3), but longer than that of
<taxonomicName id="A0EC31E9C264FFAB39794736FB4AFAB8" box="[1070,1164,1307,1331]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diceratiidae" genus="Bufoceratias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shaoi">
<emphasis id="55989678C264FFAB39794736FB4AFAB8" box="[1070,1164,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">B. shaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(24.840.0% SL, n=9); more numerous jaw teeth (97 vs. 2553 on upper jaw, 67 vs. 2344 on lower jaw); relatively small jaw teeth, the length of longest teeth on upper jaw 2.5% SL (vs. 3.07.8% SL) and on lower jaw 3.0% SL (vs. 5.09.4% SL); and a different escal morphology with a relatively large esca bulb, a very large bulb-like terminal papilla, a slender simple filament-like posterior appendage and a pair of short, simple filament-like lateral appendages. Although represented by only a single specimen, the above-mentioned characters readily distinguish it from all other congeners.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>