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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="5242" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63eec201-8a87-4f98-9758-c7d38b15c7a6" ID-PMC="PMC8342412" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1051-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" ID-PubMed="34393548" ID-ZooBank="639E252D43924ABB910BCEA5D8AD2487" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1051-1" checkinTime="1627629668818" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lonsdale, Owen" docDate="2021" docId="ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1051: 1-481" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1051" docPubDate="2021-07-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603" docTitle="Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl 1902" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" masterDocTitle="Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the &quot; Delmarva &quot; states" masterLastPageNumber="481" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732934415418" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="79E2B68AFEA65A8E6DF2EF36C7E015A5">Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the &quot; Delmarva &quot; states</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B278E9917A6B76A5CBFA931DCB2B4D8">Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="383B6D83D555D810228FD55012AA6D48">Agriculture &amp; Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183833206" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Agromyzidae" scope_order="Diptera" scope_subFamily="Agromyzinae">
<subSubSection id="45020C1B960FBD2A1AFB2BABFCE65ABF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A9EDE4C87DD1EF83A7573B495F290468" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="1A3C668D219CABD01151CFBFA34A954B" ID-CoL="B8F6" authority="Strobl" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza apfelbecki" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apfelbecki">Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1058B453FF31CF5930BA1945423B08F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="F2C750C658560C9ADE110A3E42E4EAFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="A72567DFC7B9B625E06C2A899BB7388A" captionStart="Figures 152–155" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figures 152 - 155. Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl, male genitalia 152 external components, ventral 153 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 154 hypandrial complex, right lateral 155 phallus, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures152-155" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 152-155</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="47FA03B85FD9EFE0FA2DA0F127227DA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9DD2E8265041819A01FD50C5B2C7BCE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="5AC98EC1245783A3885C445D2744E440" authorityName="Zetterstedt" authorityYear="1848" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza abiens" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abiens">Agromyza abiens</taxonomicName>
var.
<taxonomicName id="A3AA30508ECC368A59A800FB3F5D7713" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza abiens var. Apfelbecki" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="abiens" variety="Apfelbecki">Agromyza abiens Apfelbecki</taxonomicName>
Strobl, 1902: 504.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="75597560C61674E90DF7311D36E9A79C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="13C9143FB5C3BD66EC4D63EB5BC0B532" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza andalusiaca" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andalusiaca">Agromyza andalusiaca</taxonomicName>
Strobl, 1906: 380.
<bibRefCitation id="8833EFC0D332AD5E30F68FE804EF0947" author="Hendel, F" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 174" refId="B102" refString="Hendel, F, 1920. Die palaearktischen Agromyziden (Prodromus einer Monographie). Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte A 84 (1918): 109 - 174" title="Die palaearktischen Agromyziden (Prodromus einer Monographie)." volume="84" year="1920">Hendel 1920</bibRefCitation>
[synonymy].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D2F9FF3C7871519FF2DF199549BF6834" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="82A773EF064A57A0DBFF326EAC0975BC" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza Apfelbecki" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="Apfelbecki">Agromyza Apfelbecki</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="78866EFEFE7E436CB254300F6F889A6E" author="Hendel, F" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 174" refId="B102" refString="Hendel, F, 1920. Die palaearktischen Agromyziden (Prodromus einer Monographie). Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte A 84 (1918): 109 - 174" title="Die palaearktischen Agromyziden (Prodromus einer Monographie)." volume="84" year="1920">Hendel 1920</bibRefCitation>
: 117. Hendel 1931: 107.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4CA9D9A6D3CEEB88031B2C46E401FFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="1227D2D4B0B36F673D39460BEA617F77" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza apfelbecki" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apfelbecki">Agromyza apfelbecki</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="E697E7605A3E6F76DBC920907E077F43" author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 60" refId="B241" refString="Spencer, KA, 1966. A revision of European species of the genera Melanagromyza Hendel and Hexomyza Enderlein, with a supplement of the genus Ophiomyia Braschnikov. Beitraege zur Entomologie 16: 3 - 60" title="A revision of European species of the genera Melanagromyza Hendel and Hexomyza Enderlein, with a supplement of the genus Ophiomyia Braschnikov." volume="16" year="1966">Spencer 1966</bibRefCitation>
c: 172;
<bibRefCitation id="712B65705B442ACA8234AAE11A2FD3AC" author="Papp, L" editor="Soos, A" journalOrPublisher="9): Micropezidae-Agromyzidae. Akademiai Kiado, The Publishing House of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="263 - 343" refId="B186" refString="Papp, L, 1984. Family Agromyzidae. In: Soos, A, Papp, L, Eds., Catalogue of Diptera Palaearctic Diptera (Vol. 9): Micropezidae-Agromyzidae. Akademiai Kiado, The Publishing House of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest: 263 - 343" title="Family Agromyzidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Diptera Palaearctic Diptera (Vol." year="1984">Papp 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 264;
<bibRefCitation id="7D32B6206D2694E48181ECB4AAFB8D5F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B257" refString="Spencer, KA, 1990. Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series Entomologica, 45. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" title="Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series Entomologica, 45." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" year="1990">Spencer 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 253.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06A62B7E195AEBBBE2C2B5BA98BD01D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="E1C3DFF59AE5CF31E1FEC20F88F09D44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AFC1A3F9C2E6095B1F4443C478726D70" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wing length 4.0-4.1 mm (♂), 4.4-4.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.4-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-2.4. Ocellar triangle small and rounded. First flagellomere small and rounded; without apical tuft of pale hairs. Fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting and parafacial strongly projecting, partially to strongly continuing under eye as cheek. Wing slightly pointed apically with apex between M1 and R4+5. Thorax with light to dense grey pruinosity.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C4496B44DA93E8277FC6AC71F53146E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E21AD0A41C888587BF3087A6A7EC6208" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
: Three to seven ori (two in Spanish female); two ors. Six or seven dorsocentrals, two or three presutural, decreasing in size anteriorly. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1ECC72C8D1E7BC2E25F6597CAB433A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C01CC7924C87F42D7CFAA2A097A56F34" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
: Body mostly dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, occiput, clypeus, mentum and ventral margin of gena dark brown, distal 2/3 of first flagellomere brownish, venter of face light brown and frons slightly darker anteriorly. Knees yellowish orange; tibiae and tarsi paler than femora with tibiae slightly darker medially. Scutum with nearly imperceptible metallic green shine in VA female. Calypter margin and hairs white to dark brown. Halter white, rarely with small lateral spot and ventral margin of knob brown (VA female). Abdomen dark brown with indistinct (VA) or strong coating of grey pruinosity, except on brownish orange male terminalia (sometimes with dark dorsomedial spot on epandrium). European specimens often with fronto-orbital plate, face, apex of palpus, parafacial and ring under eye mostly dark, tibiae often yellowish or more orange on distal 1/3, and epistoma usually larger.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B157D97B9F455A8FD739465C4878B5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="90AAC2C1537EEA99BCC82509D7282B6B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genitalia</emphasis>
: (Figs
<figureCitation id="0181DDD7C03FAEDBFC492925545EE5B4" captionStart="Figures 152–155" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figures 152 - 155. Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl, male genitalia 152 external components, ventral 153 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 154 hypandrial complex, right lateral 155 phallus, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures152-155" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">152-155</figureCitation>
) Epandrium relatively broad and shallow, with suture between it and surstylus barely evident. Surstylus slightly curved anteriorly and with numerous small, pointed, tubercle-like setae along inner-basal/medial surface. Phallophorus tapered distally and partially fused to flat, pale sclerites of basiphallus, which are weakest and irregular along dorsal margin, with right sclerite partially separated from darker, curved apical section. Hypophallus sac-like and membranous with partial sclerotisation along anteromedial surface. Distiphallus nearly cylindrical with irregularly sclerotised margins not entirely meeting ventrally; twisted past midpoint. Ejaculatory apodeme minute.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3B0E4AB4E3E1E1D86A46FB4EB9A467EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph id="BC5E152431D82DBA099227EE63F7DA23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hosts.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5453FD39E8185C6AA21A1F43B2C13B64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6B1135EAEA3A7D289CFAABF8D006719E" class="Insecta" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName id="29A5D31078011BA558E7A55E770753BD" class="Eudicots" family="Asteraceae" genus="Carduus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carduus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="382DFC30557070873D212B9A4795E440" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Carduus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3E608EE50D2F03357DACC0390A10693C" class="Eudicots" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11CCD6D7D307368C6EA0F7B1219CE89A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cirsium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F63AB80A08EB1C171215BF31E3CF7D22" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cynara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynara" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="76D33CBF621ECFE92108C2BA552FF059" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cynara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6ABB1DB23CC920F9FBB473CF2854BF86" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B257" refString="Spencer, KA, 1990. Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series Entomologica, 45. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" title="Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series Entomologica, 45." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" year="1990">Spencer 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7E40C83A860E9BD2901F6CC1557F5579" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9256317A607ABDB01E1FBF970D5FCA60" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60232E80051C73D929BDD26682D71B54" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="AB3897B23C455D66E3CD8A1516209792" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">USA</emphasis>
: VA*. France, Italy, Malta, Germany, Spain, Croatia (
<bibRefCitation id="EF6545A9FC632ABBE48475E3F26E9881" DOI="https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae" author="Papp, L" journalOrPublisher="Pars Ltd., Hungary. Nagykovacsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B187" refString="Papp, L, Cerny, M, 2015. Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Hungary (Vol. 1). Agromyzinae. Pars Ltd., Hungary. Nagykovacsi, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae" title="Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Hungary (Vol. 1). Agromyzinae." url="https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae" year="2015">
Papp and
<normalizedToken id="4C999419036736155162806F05B784DF" originalValue="Černý">Cerny</normalizedToken>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). Turkey. Chile (Valparaiso, La Cruz; introduced) and Argentina (
<bibRefCitation id="00F27602BF79E6C567C4FB1001135600" author="Valladares, GR" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="105 - 108" refId="B277" refString="Valladares, GR, 1998. First record of the genus Agromyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) for Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 57: 105 - 108" title="First record of the genus Agromyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) for Argentina." volume="57" year="1998">Valladares 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C97114BD2B10FBF075670AB85B307FBC" author="Coel, B" journalOrPublisher="Tuerkiye Entomoloji Dernegi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="243 - 253" refId="B35" refString="Coel, B, Tonguc, A, Oezguel, O, Oivelek, HS, Kaya, BC, 2006. The use of RAPD-PCR analysis in characterization of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess, 1880), Liriomyza congesta (Becker 1903), Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl, 1902 and Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau, 1851) species collected from Turkey. Tuerkiye Entomoloji Dernegi 30 (4): 243 - 253" title="The use of RAPD-PCR analysis in characterization of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess, 1880), Liriomyza congesta (Becker 1903), Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl, 1902 and Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau, 1851) species collected from Turkey." volume="30" year="2006">
<normalizedToken id="240AA15404D34270D28820F0197CCC55" originalValue="Çöl">Coel</normalizedToken>
et al. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AD7BBBCD72E73E2FA5FA553DB352EF67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="9204F7E4F2BB628F02C13FDA48849B02" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA2086A7D7F51435D5EB1A3DD4A6E9A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B068CFCB581745B91E52333B9025B06F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B14FCFDBDD29753CC03D74FBD55C6877" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syntypes</emphasis>
[
<taxonomicName id="B24DD00FD137CF5820A0274D56E0549F" genus="Apfelbecki" lsidName="Apfelbecki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16190892C59A58B97ADE22312635A212" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Apfelbecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]: Yugoslavia.
</emphasis>
Zadar (♂♀, coll. Strobl). [Not examined]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7CDC5F27D9A635964BE77FD301EED91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="61C3BD5EC61A6AEE9261791B3AB6F1AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E2690D0151AE560C5958DE1486A24A85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syntypes</emphasis>
[
<taxonomicName id="D803B165C74CD6B6968B6685B57F9005" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza andalusiaca" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andalusiaca">
<emphasis id="B0C497A21350668A91AA83998A139B6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agromyza andalusiaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]: Spain.
</emphasis>
&quot;Southern Spain&quot; [= Algreciras?] (?, coll. Strobl). [Not examined]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4E6202179A3567D54D22591590C9C7BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AC9140BD2948D67ACF60A20525FD41D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79397889C48213771C3318D9789684B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="9353E019D594C3E32D80212C1298B583" collectingDate="1959-05-24" collectingDateMax="1959-10-10" collectingDateMin="1959-05-24" collectorName="K. A. Spencer" country="France" location="Perpignan" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<emphasis id="547C050EE08C4F664A2CA3FBBC3D1E08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="0335AB393C633BB13AA879AFAAD6A158" name="France">France</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="0343E1FE81192E259FB2F38DA0DC86D7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6:0343E1FE81192E259FB2F38DA0DC86D7" country="France" name="Perpignan">Perpignan</location>
,
<collectingDate id="F950B4B7DCD0D836EC75F25FF594F8D6" value="1959-10-10">10.x.1959</collectingDate>
, mine
<taxonomicName id="91DE9B27C8F604EC1FFA0BB9393A6F40" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cynara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cynara" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">Cynara</taxonomicName>
carduuculus, em.
<collectingDate id="9837C68DA247D976F00B9FA2E43CBE88" value="1959-05-24">24.v.1959</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="B4CE02CB47B72A9BF185C751D17FBB95">K.A. Spencer</collectorName>
, CNC352745 (
<specimenCount id="640038950FA787E77F547B6315278262" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
[with puparium], CNC)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="84AED1BAE105A071256AAFD909C8795C" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="K. A. Spencer" country="Germany" determinerName="Hendel" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Germany" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<emphasis id="3AD47B70ACD423BD3D161D08777B9776" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="95B899877E3A3DF4E0B7000E9BBB809E" name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[?]. &quot;Agrom.
<taxonomicName id="260578935F2FE2B3AC8399F30E054261" genus="Apfelbecki" lsidName="Apfelbecki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Apfelbecki</taxonomicName>
Str., det.
<determinerName id="5262C1FD6FD9CBC50E98E712995C5AA8">Hendel</determinerName>
&quot; (
<specimenCount id="02FA392D5910A289FB1DF668B9D3AB2B" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, USNM)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="AC256307F7DB42D66A975957060976E9" collectingDate="1959-09-05" collectingDateMax="1960-03-27" collectingDateMin="1959-09-05" collectorName="K. A. Spencer, N. Hichins" country="Spain" county="Nac." location="Barcelona" municipality="Valpo" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="5">
<emphasis id="EFE20C1909B7D4C42FE2D42D8D9E66E6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="BDC79C7C8E8A54D4C67D3B3AAEF18F83" name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="F8B915AA46EECA75D5BA394A529AC4D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6:F8B915AA46EECA75D5BA394A529AC4D3" country="Spain" county="Nac." municipality="Valpo" name="Barcelona">Barcelona</location>
,
<normalizedToken id="71D354BD18E68AD9C26C77BF6F19754D" originalValue="“prat”">&quot;prat&quot;</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingDate id="CD40306F9E3927C4A77D86C5DE614EAB" value="1960-03-27">27.iii.1960</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="7105719407A912A63C1E808C01E0D4BF">K.A. Spencer</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="B7587CF12B6E1670CBDAA3F4D5BC6D9F" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, USNM), CNC352746 (
<specimenCount id="B80967D64621DD48E274BD8BC93A1AEA" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, CNC),
<location id="FB9E3C3AE5385F61530C96D325B32067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6:FB9E3C3AE5385F61530C96D325B32067" country="Spain" county="Nac." municipality="Valpo" name="En Alcachofe">En Alcachofe</location>
,
<location id="57C2E4983CCD14658786B1F895FB0E84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6:57C2E4983CCD14658786B1F895FB0E84" country="Spain" county="Nac." municipality="Valpo" name="La Cruz">La Cruz</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="57E825BC444E75A5F213953F3EB7FB2F">Valpo</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="E1C49C4B99CC159C0DD025A008CE29FC">Nac.</collectingCounty>
<collectingDate id="AF0610F18673EE1BE821AB836205C816" value="1959-09-05">5.ix.1959</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="DB928A17D5D53A4AC73BA2D2F25D0E2F">N. Hichins</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="FB62B1370FE34C889067917111CD971A" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="3DDEED512AC9AEB4EDEBDBFBB79AD50F" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
1?, USNM)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="9C5E72F8A0790DA546EACC4C4DD77E45" collectingDate="2007-03-29" collectingDateMax="2007-04-25" collectingDateMin="2007-03-29" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="Smith" country="USA" county="Fairfax Co." latitude="38.966667" location="Turkey Run Park" longLatPrecision="928" longitude="-77.16" municipality="Turkey Run" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<emphasis id="FA6508FCE9FB30880D8DDD33ECDA3351" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="485DE32FE0510DA41D21574C3E6264CF" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
. VA
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty id="692AAFF3EC8EECD751EF27119EC12038">Fairfax Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="BDD9364E77BAE4D40BAF707075A5DFF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6:BDD9364E77BAE4D40BAF707075A5DFF9" country="USA" county="Fairfax Co." latitude="38.966667" longLatPrecision="928" longitude="-77.16" municipality="Turkey Run" name="Turkey Run Park">Turkey Run Park</location>
,
<quantity id="6DDC144897FFF54EAC83711EDF1D589A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="0.3">0.3 km</quantity>
W mouth
<collectingMunicipality id="229A61303ADD8E887138F601E4A13342">Turkey Run</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1C394E2DA30640012F24EB1E76EEC8B0" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="38.966667">38°58'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AB5CC7E58DF542DA2F4480DC40B123E3" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="09.6" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.16">77°09.6'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingMethod id="611DDA8A775694A06A084F7A03C3490D">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectingDate id="B85AA2D8787DB149CA10628FA96C9D44" value="2007-03-29" valueMax="2007-04-25" valueMin="2007-03-29">29.iii-25.iv.2007</collectingDate>
, D.R.
<collectorName id="02D14D727DE9BC80A52749F644E25D40">Smith</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="91118E57BF62307FB1AD5044481C1185" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, USNM)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FB0C7008673E9A34BB0D66CF0F38C45" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
<paragraph id="5E793CFF070EDC2DEE26CE07D1CDC30B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7E9A0640C711BD00FB42A9EBCEFC91A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
While difficult to differentiate from a number of Palaearctic taxa,
<taxonomicName id="40F82307171134EB26C5AA397BEA5BCE" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza apfelbecki" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apfelbecki">
<emphasis id="A09A7A1BBEB095292E7D4A4FEDB09955" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agromyza apfelbecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite distinct from Nearctic
<taxonomicName id="4DC506980AB010DE3DAD0C5FE99A0D6A" class="Insecta" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D4D2391A4455F21EE4BC5933740EA173" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agromyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because it is exceptionally large (wing length at least 4.0 mm), there are numerous dorsocentrals (at least six), the epistoma is large and pronounced, the head is predominantly pale (including the palpus and face) and the halter is sometimes maculated.
<taxonomicName id="1ABF7C599C70D762620E2570A70DF029" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza apfelbecki" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apfelbecki">
<emphasis id="F9BA17D46AB62FA66336C5F17D5A2247" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agromyza apfelbecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of only three
<taxonomicName id="7C1CA0B344D5E058E46813BCBCF24373" class="Insecta" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FAA5F223D60E5E6B0E8304A037C8D40B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agromyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known to feed on
<taxonomicName id="7801DC0361B17E910A55221F547B2727" class="Insecta" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
, and is distributed primarily around the Mediterranean where it often occurs on globe artichoke (Spencer, 1990).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5559E86D21054E44A273BC5CA8C1AA97" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The above Virginia record is the first known occurrence of this species in the Nearctic, where it was likely introduced accidentally on its host plant. As discussed by
<bibRefCitation id="324D08AAFB9BD0594A261543AE209B31" author="Dempewolf, M" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/agromyzidae.php" refId="B42" refString="Dempewolf, M, 2004. Arthropods of Economic Importance - Agromyzidae of the World (CD-ROM). ETI. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. https://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/agromyzidae.php" title="Arthropods of Economic Importance - Agromyzidae of the World (CD-ROM). ETI. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam." url="https://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/agromyzidae.php" year="2004">Dempewolf (2004)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="FB4159CF4351B86EBBCF3E1DD70A5021" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Agromyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agromyza apfelbecki" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apfelbecki">
<emphasis id="05D68A8E178B2C89BD337B42FA305F9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agromyza apfelbecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be a
<taxonomicName id="F901112B46BD7CDDD78634AB0CF5781C" class="Insecta" family="Poaceae" genus="Plantago" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plantago major" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">Plantago major</taxonomicName>
pest on artichoke if populations become large enough, particularly to younger plants; the damage caused by larval feeding can vary significantly between years (Spencer 1973), possibly due to climatic conditions, as frost can severely increase mortality among larvae (
<bibRefCitation id="38A5FD73EAE9CF0D40A27649678C17A9" author="Ricchello, A" journalOrPublisher=") Opredelitel nasekomyh evropejskoj casti SSSR (Leningrad)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B198" refString="Ricchello, A, 1928. Contributo alla conoscenza della mosca del carciofo (Agromyza andalusiaca Strobl) e dei suoi parassiti. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria del R Istituto Superiore Agrario i Portici 22: 81-147." title="Contributo alla conoscenza della mosca del carciofo (Agromyza andalusiaca Strobl) e dei suoi parassiti. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria del R Istituto Superiore Agrario i Portici 22: 81 - 147." year="1928">Ricchello 1928</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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