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<document id="4A92C560919F026F6C529AD1624D62EC" ID-CLB-Dataset="21949" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.375" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c072dbcc-028b-4fa2-a564-8601e0435854" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3838542" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590088254482" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Holstein, Norbert &amp; Weigend, Maximilian" docDate="2017" docId="EC30B96AFF90FFDD56578DD4FCC8F9EC" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-375.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 375" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Carpinus betulus Quercifolia" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="1009C112FF96FFDB541D8F57FFA1FF90" masterDocTitle="No taxon left behind? - a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698840758877" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="0E2A20ECE6D83A884F7F5A71FB7CF9BB">No taxon left behind? - a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="76F652AB4FCA5501BB6110409563C173">Holstein, Norbert</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7449CB895F9339D88D0E9BA2077A4AFF">Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. &amp; Corresponding author: holstein @ uni-bonn. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E16A2E3FE107F496F85F81150365BF57">Weigend, Maximilian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B4F6DE8E10463CAC4AD3393D1EF8A986">Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. &amp; Email: mweigend @ uni-bonn. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8813C74B0F2DBABBCE107D4586D21F02">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="EC30B96AFF90FFDD56578DD4FCC8F9EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3852938" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164246534" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3852938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC30B96AFF90FFDD56578DD4FCC8F9EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EC30B96AFF90FFDD56578DD4FCC8F9EC" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="2C835BF7FF90FFDD56578DD4FC4DFD0D" box="[586,1004,643,670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6426087CFF90FFDD56578DD4FC4DFD0D" blockId="6.[586,1004,643,670]" box="[586,1004,643,670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="3F6EBF10FF90FFDD56578DD4FC4DFD0D" box="[586,1004,643,670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
1a.
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD56698DD4FC43FD0D" ID-CoL="RG23" authority="' Quercifolia" authorityName="Quercifolia" box="[628,994,643,670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betulus">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD56698DD4FCE5FD0E" bold="true" box="[628,836,643,670]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Carpinus betulus</emphasis>
‘
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD57488DD4FC43FD0D" bold="true" box="[853,994,643,669]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Quercifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2C835BF7FF90FFDD54A08D9FFCC8F9EC" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6426087CFF90FFDD54A08D9FFB41FA05" blockId="6.[189,1399,712,1660]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD54A08D9FFC17FD72" ID-CoL="8W8C8" authority="hort. ex C. F. Ludw. (Ludwig 1783)" authorityName="hort. ex C. F. Ludw. (Ludwig" authorityYear="1783" box="[189,950,712,738]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="betulus" variety="quercifolia">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD54A08D9FFE9BFD72" box="[189,314,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD55638D9FFE5FFD72" box="[382,510,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quercifolia</emphasis>
hort. ex C.F.Ludw. (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD57188D9FFC0CFD72" author="Ludwig C. F." box="[773,941,712,738]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref41946" refString="Ludwig C. F. 1783. Die neuere wilde Baumzucht. Muller, Leipzig. Available from: http: // www. mdz-nbn-resolving. de / urn / resolver. pl? urn = urn: nbn: de: bvb: 12 - bsb 10293944 - 2 [accessed: 1 Jul. 2015]." type="url" year="1783">Ludwig 1783</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. –
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD57FF8D9FFDDDFC98" ID-CoL="8W8C8" authority="(C. F. Ludw.) Desf., Tableau de l'Ecole de Botanique" baseAuthorityName="C. F. Ludw." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quercifolia">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD57FF8D9FFB2BFD72" box="[994,1162,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. quercifolia</emphasis>
(C.F.Ludw.) Desf.,
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD54F78DB9FDDDFC98" box="[234,636,748,776]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tableau de l’École de Botanique</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 213 (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD56D28DB9FC14FC98" author="Desfontaines R. L." box="[719,949,750,776]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref38524" refString="Desfontaines R. L. 1804. Tableau de l'Ecole de Botanique. J. A. Brosson, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13828" type="book" year="1804">Desfontaines 1804</bibRefCitation>
). –
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD57F48DB8FBC5FC98" ID-CoL="RG23" box="[1001,1124,750,777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betulus">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD57F48DB8FBC5FC98" box="[1001,1124,750,777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
f.
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD50908DB9FE47FCBE" ID-CoL="8W8C8" authority="hort. ex K. Koch, Dendrologie" authorityName="K. Koch, Dendrologie" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quercifolia">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD50908DB9FAACFC98" box="[1165,1293,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quercifolia</emphasis>
hort. ex K.Koch,
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD554E8C43FE47FCBE" box="[339,486,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dendrologie</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2, 2: 3 (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD565C8C42FD65FCBF" author="Koch K. H. E." box="[577,708,789,815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref40942" refString="Koch K. H. E. 1873. Dendrologie; Baume, Straucher und Halbstraucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden. Vol. 2. F. Enke, Erlangen. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 20459" type="book" year="1873">Koch 1873</bibRefCitation>
) nom. inval. pro syn. –
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD57CF8C42FBE6FCBE" ID-CoL="RG23" box="[978,1095,788,815]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betulus">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD57CF8C42FBE6FCBE" box="[978,1095,788,815]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
f.
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD50798C43FC29FCC5" ID-CoL="8W8C8" authority="(C. F. Ludw.) C. K. Schneid., Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde" authorityName="C. K. Schneid., Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde" baseAuthorityName="C. F. Ludw." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quercifolia">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD50798C43FB45FCBE" box="[1124,1252,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quercifolia</emphasis>
(C.F.Ludw.) C.K.Schneid.,
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD558B8C6CFC29FCC5" box="[406,904,827,853]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1: 140 (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD57FA8C6CFB04FCC5" author="Schneider C. K." box="[999,1189,827,853]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref44451" refString="Schneider C. K. 1904. Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde. Vol. 1. Gustav Fischer, Jena. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 194" type="book" year="1904">Schneider 1904</bibRefCitation>
). –
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD50D38C6CFCD3FCEB" ID-CoL="8W8C8" authority="(Desf.) Tzvelev, Flora Vostochnoi Evropy" authorityName="Tzvelev, Flora Vostochnoi Evropy" baseAuthorityName="Desf." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="betulus" variety="quercifolia">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD50D38C6CFAE4FCC5" box="[1230,1349,827,853]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD54F78C36FECBFCEB" box="[234,362,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quercifolia</emphasis>
(Desf.) Tzvelev,
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD565E8C36FCD3FCEB" box="[579,882,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Flora Vostochnoĭ Evropy</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
11: 91 (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD57C38C36FB27FCEC" author="Tzvelev N. N." box="[990,1158,865,892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref45705" refString="Tzvelev N. N. 2004. Flora Vostochnoi Evropy. Vol. 11. KMK Scientific Press, St. Petersburg &amp; Moscow." type="book" year="2004">Tzvelev 2004</bibRefCitation>
) nom. illegit. (later homonym). – Original citation: not localized. – Type: Paris Botanical Garden [cult.], s. coll., s.n. (neo-, designated here: P06747373!). – Note: the oak-leaved hornbeam is an early mentioned cultivar that is usually attributed to
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD56278C82FCCFFC7F" author="Desfontaines R. L." box="[570,878,981,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref38524" refString="Desfontaines R. L. 1804. Tableau de l'Ecole de Botanique. J. A. Brosson, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13828" type="book" year="1804">Desfontaines (1804: 213)</bibRefCitation>
. However, the mutation was known before 1783 when Ludwig published an oak-leaved,
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD57108CACFBE2FB85" ID-CoL="8W8C8" box="[781,1091,1019,1046]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="betulus" variety="quercifolia">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD57108CACFC27FB85" box="[781,902,1019,1045]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD57DE8CACFBE2FB85" box="[963,1091,1019,1045]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quercifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The short description by
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD54F78B76FE3CFBAB" author="Ludwig C. F." box="[234,413,1057,1083]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref41946" refString="Ludwig C. F. 1783. Die neuere wilde Baumzucht. Muller, Leipzig. Available from: http: // www. mdz-nbn-resolving. de / urn / resolver. pl? urn = urn: nbn: de: bvb: 12 - bsb 10293944 - 2 [accessed: 1 Jul. 2015]." type="url" year="1783">Ludwig (1783)</bibRefCitation>
was actually the English name, under which it was supposedly sold in an English garden catalogue.
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD55DA8B1FFDDDFBF2" author="Ludwig C. F." box="[455,636,1096,1122]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref41946" refString="Ludwig C. F. 1783. Die neuere wilde Baumzucht. Muller, Leipzig. Available from: http: // www. mdz-nbn-resolving. de / urn / resolver. pl? urn = urn: nbn: de: bvb: 12 - bsb 10293944 - 2 [accessed: 1 Jul. 2015]." type="url" year="1783">Ludwig (1783)</bibRefCitation>
cites four English catalogues in the preface and mentions that he did not translate any name himself. The name ‘Quercifolia’ does not appear in the Loddiges catalogues (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD556A8BC3FD8AFB3F" author="Loddiges J. C." box="[375,555,1172,1199]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref41757" refString="Loddiges J. C. 1779. A Catalogue of plants and seeds. C. Heydinger, London." type="book" year="1779">Loddiges 1779</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD56248BC2FDD6FB3F" author="Loddiges J. C." box="[569,631,1173,1199]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref41777" refString="Loddiges J. C. 1783. Catalogue of plants ed. 2. London." type="book" year="1783">1783</bibRefCitation>
), while the remaining two could not be examined by the present authors. Therefore, it might be possible that the name was published validly even before. As all treatments deal with the same taxon, Art. 41.4 (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD570A8BB6FBA5FB6B" author="McNeill J. &amp; Barrie F. R. &amp; Buck W. R. &amp; Demoulin V. &amp; Greuter W. &amp; Hawksworth D. L. &amp; Herendeen P. S. &amp; Knapp S. &amp; Marhold K. &amp; Prado J. &amp; Prud'homme van Reine W. F. &amp; Smith G. F. &amp; Wiersema J. H. &amp; Turland N. J." box="[791,1028,1249,1275]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref42413" refString="McNeill J., Barrie F. R., Buck W. R., Demoulin V., Greuter W., Hawksworth D. L., Herendeen P. S., Knapp S., Marhold K., Prado J., Prud'homme van Reine W. F., Smith G. F., Wiersema J. H. &amp; Turland N. J. 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code). Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein." type="book" year="2012">
McNeill
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD579F8BB5FC1CFB6B" box="[898,957,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
), applies. The specimen chosen as
<typeStatus id="BB22B6DEFF90FFDD55118A5FFEC8FAB2" box="[268,361,1288,1314]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
is likely to represent what was and still is understood under this name. The end of the left branch on the
<typeStatus id="BB22B6DEFF90FFDD55DE8A78FD81FAD9" box="[451,544,1327,1353]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
has strong affinities to the cultivar ‘Incisa’, showing that these two may not always be readily distinguished. Already
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD571B8A03FC3CFAFF" author="Koch K. H. E." box="[774,925,1364,1391]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref40942" refString="Koch K. H. E. 1873. Dendrologie; Baume, Straucher und Halbstraucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden. Vol. 2. F. Enke, Erlangen. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 20459" type="book" year="1873">Koch (1873)</bibRefCitation>
considered the two names as the same. However, for now, it deems the present authors best to keep these two names separate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6426087CFF90FFDD54A08AF5FCC8F9EC" blockId="6.[189,1399,712,1660]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD54A08AF5FB04FA2B" authority="hort. ex Loudon, Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum" authorityName="Loudon, Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum" box="[189,1189,1441,1468]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="betulus" variety="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD54A08AF5FE97FA2B" box="[189,310,1441,1468]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD556E8AF6FDA7FA2B" box="[371,518,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">heterophylla</emphasis>
hort. ex Loudon,
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD56FD8AF6FB04FA2B" box="[736,1189,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
3: 2005 (
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD51048AF6FE87FA72" author="Loudon J. C." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref41811" refString="Loudon J. C. 1838. Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum. Vol. 3. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 37723" type="book" year="1838">Loudon 1838</bibRefCitation>
) nom. inval. pro syn. – Note: this cultivar with an unusual leaf incision is sometimes regarded as the same as ‘Incisa’, but in contrast to ‘Incisa’ with acute lobes and shallow teeth, the ones in ‘Quercifolia’ are rather obtuse and rounded (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD573A8943FC46F9BF" author="Nicholson G." box="[807,999,1556,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="418 - 420" refId="ref43169" refString="Nicholson G. 1883. The hornbeam. The Garden (London 1871 - 1927) 24: 418 - 420." type="journal article" year="1883">Nicholson 1883</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0008758DFF90FFDD57E98943FB13F9BF" author="Schneider C. K." box="[1012,1202,1556,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref44451" refString="Schneider C. K. 1904. Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde. Vol. 1. Gustav Fischer, Jena. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 194" type="book" year="1904">Schneider 1904</bibRefCitation>
). Koch regarded
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD54F7896CFEC3F9C5" ID-CoL="RG23" box="[234,354,1595,1621]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betulus">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD54F7896CFEC3F9C5" box="[234,354,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
‘Quercifolia’ as synonymous to ‘Incisa’ and published the epithet as
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD508A896CFAAEF9C5" ID-CoL="RG23" box="[1175,1295,1595,1621]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betulus">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD508A896CFAAEF9C5" box="[1175,1295,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
f.
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD512D896BFAD7F9C5" box="[1328,1398,1596,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">incisa</emphasis>
(Aiton) K.Koch (
<taxonomicName id="A39973FFFF90FFDD55A88935FD59F9EB" ID-CoL="7LGWP" authority="Aiton" authorityName="Aiton" box="[437,760,1633,1660]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Carpinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="betulus" variety="incisa">
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD55A88935FD8DF9EB" box="[437,556,1633,1660]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. betulus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="56EDD46EFF90FFDD567B8935FD0DF9EB" box="[614,684,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">incisa</emphasis>
Aiton
</taxonomicName>
, basion.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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