249 lines
28 KiB
XML
249 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930801935958" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5219188" approvalRequired="273" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="266" approvalRequired_for_treatments="5" checkinTime="1629339757996" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kott, Patricia" docDate="2008" docId="E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.42.15-16.1103-1217.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 42 (15 - 16)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930801935958" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53.8:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Polysyncraton millepore Vasseur 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1177" masterDocId="1458E5092D41422DFFB2FFC1FF86FFE8" masterDocTitle="Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from deep waters of the continental shelf of Western Australia" masterLastPageNumber="1217" masterPageNumber="1103" pageNumber="1176" updateTime="1666146731409" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from deep waters of the continental shelf of Western Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kott, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2008-04-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>42</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>15 - 16</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1103</mods:start>
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<mods:end>1217</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930801935958</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1080/00222930801935958</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5219188</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="1177" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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||
<subSubSection box="[407,844,391,415]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1072,391,479]" box="[407,844,391,415]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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<heading box="[407,844,391,415]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName authority="Vasseur, 1969" authorityName="Vasseur" authorityYear="1969" box="[407,844,391,415]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="millepore">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[407,676,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Polysyncraton millepore</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Vasseur P" box="[686,844,391,415]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" pagination="912 - 933" refId="ref57711" refString="Vasseur P. 1969. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des ascidies de Madagascar region de Tulear. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle Paris 40 (5): 912 - 933." type="journal article" year="1969">Vasseur, 1969</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[494,744,423,447]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1072,391,479]" box="[494,744,423,447]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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||
(
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<figureCitation box="[502,675,423,447]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="71.[213,280,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[238,1143,168,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-0@71.[238,1143,165,1448]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figure 13. Polysyncraton dealbatum sp. nov. (QM G328119). A, larva. Polysyncraton fistulum sp nov. (QM G328446): B, colony; C, crosssection through colony lobe; D, longitudinal section through part of colony lobe showing hard rods of crowded spicules forming skeletal support; E, larva. Polysyncraton millepore (F, QM G328050; G, QM G328033): F, portion of colony showing ripple marks on undersurface; G, zooid. Polysyncraton pavementum (QM G328058): H, surface of colony showing separate systems. Scales: A, E, G, 0.2 mm; B, 2.0 cm; C, H, 3.0 mm; D, 1.0 cm; F, 3.0 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219214/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Figures 13F–G</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation box="[688,736,423,447]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="109.[213,280,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[348,1033,165,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@109.[348,1034,165,1522]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="Figure 17. Scanning electron micrographs of didemnid spicules: A, Polysyncraton millepore, QM G328050; B, Polysyncraton?palliolum, QM G328161; C, Polysyncraton pavimentum, QM G328058; D, Didemnum?candidum, QM G328457; E, Didemnum cygnuus, QM 328456; F, Didemnum dolium, QM G328008; G, Didemnum jedanense, QM G328005; H, Didemnum moseleyi, QM G328455." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219222/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">17A</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[146,1072,455,479]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1072,391,479]" box="[146,1072,455,479]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[146,1072,455,479]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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<treatmentCitation author="Vasseur P" box="[146,663,455,479]" page="917" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" year="1969">
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<taxonomicName authority="Vasseur 1969, p. 917" authorityName="Vasseur" authorityPageNumber="917" authorityYear="1969" box="[146,663,455,479]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="millepore">
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<emphasis box="[146,416,455,479]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Polysyncraton millepore</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Vasseur P" box="[425,580,455,479]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" pagination="912 - 933" refId="ref57711" refString="Vasseur P. 1969. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des ascidies de Madagascar region de Tulear. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle Paris 40 (5): 912 - 933." type="journal article" year="1969">Vasseur 1969</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 917
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Kott 2005, p. 2431 and synonymy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="1177" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,280,535,559]" box="[146,280,535,559]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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||
<emphasis box="[146,280,535,559]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Distribution</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1103,574,917]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-02-12" collectionCode="CSIRO, QM" collectorName="Whitsunday Is. & Point D' Entrecasteaux & Stn & Albany & Kalbarri" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" elevation="18100" location="Previously" municipality="Jurien Bay" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" specimenCode="SS10, G328434, G328050, G328056, G328033, G328121, G328167" specimenCount="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FF20FDFFFE8EFDBE" box="[146,264,574,598]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Previously" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Previously</location>
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recorded (see
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FE07FDFFFE6DFDBE" box="[437,491,574,598]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Kott" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Kott</location>
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2005):
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FDF7FDFFFC91FDBE" box="[581,791,574,598]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Western Australia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Western Australia</location>
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(
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FC9BFDFFFC14FDBE" box="[809,914,574,598]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Dongara" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Dongara</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FC12FDFFFBC4FDBE" box="[928,1090,574,598]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Port Hedland" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Port Hedland</location>
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||
);
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FF20FD9FFE91FD9E" box="[146,279,606,630]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Queensland" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Queensland</location>
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||
(
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<collectorName box="[303,486,606,630]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Whitsunday Is.</collectorName>
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),
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<collectingCountry box="[518,705,606,630]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FD67FD9FFC46FD9E" box="[725,960,606,630]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="West Indian Ocean" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">West Indian Ocean</location>
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||
(
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FC6AFD9FFBCCFD9E" box="[984,1098,606,630]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Malagasy" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Malagasy</location>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry box="[146,300,638,662]" name="Mozambique" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry box="[313,422,638,662]" name="Tanzania" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FE01FDBFFDEDFD7E" box="[435,619,638,662]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Northern Natal" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Northern Natal</location>
|
||
).
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FD32FDBFFD33FD7E" box="[640,693,638,662]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="New" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">New</location>
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records:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FC93FDBFFC77FD7E" box="[801,1009,638,662]" country="New Caledonia" county="Jurien Bay" municipality="Jurien Bay" name="Western Australia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Western Australia</location>
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||
<collectionCode box="[1017,1102,638,662]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">CSIRO</collectionCode>
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||
<specimenCode box="[146,200,670,694]" collectionCode="CSIRO" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">SS10</specimenCode>
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||
/05 (
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<collectorName box="[254,530,670,694]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Point D’ Entrecasteaux</collectorName>
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||
,
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<collectorName box="[545,583,670,694]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Stn</collectorName>
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||
<quantity box="[594,708,670,694]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="m" value="18100.0">
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||
<elevation box="[594,708,670,694]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="m" value="18100.0">18, 100 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
, 21.11.05,
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<collectionCode box="[835,882,670,694]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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||
<specimenCode box="[892,997,670,694]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">G328434</specimenCode>
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;
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<collectorName box="[1012,1099,670,694]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Albany</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName box="[146,184,702,726]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Stn</collectorName>
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22, 99 m, 22.11.05,
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<collectionCode box="[441,488,702,726]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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||
<specimenCode box="[503,608,702,726]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">G328050</specimenCode>
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||
;
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<collectorName box="[627,728,702,726]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Kalbarri</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName box="[748,786,702,726]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Stn</collectorName>
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102, 96 m, 05.12.05,
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||
<collectionCode box="[1056,1103,702,726]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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||
<specimenCode box="[146,251,734,758]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">G328056</specimenCode>
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||
;
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||
<collectingMunicipality box="[265,393,734,758]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Jurien Bay</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName box="[408,446,734,758]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Stn</collectorName>
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||
82, 85–
|
||
<quantity box="[540,597,734,758]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="m" value="92.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[540,597,734,758]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="m" value="92.0">92 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[611,722,734,758]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" value="2005-02-12">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[611,722,734,758]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" value="2005-02-12">2.12.2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[736,783,734,758]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[794,899,734,758]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">G328033</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[913,1018,734,758]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">G328121</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCounty pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Jurien Bay</collectingCounty>
|
||
, Stn
|
||
<quantity box="[254,366,765,789]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3113" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="m" value="83113.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[254,366,765,789]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3113" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="m" value="83113.0">83, 113 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, 02.12.05,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[489,536,765,789]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[545,652,765,789]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" type="Museum">G328167</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1103,574,917]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
|
||
<materialsCitation location="West Pacific. Previously" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
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||
The species appears to be common on hard/soft substrates in continental shelf locations around the Indian Ocean and in the tropical
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D0B4266FE25FE46FC1DFBE9:65177ABC2D0B4267FC80FCFCFBC9FCBD" box="[818,1103,829,853]" name="West Pacific. Previously" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" stateProvince="Western Australia">West Pacific. Previously</location>
|
||
thought to be an Indo-West Pacific tropical species, the new record extends its known range into temperate waters off the southern coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[857,1069,893,917]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,273,973,997]" box="[146,273,973,997]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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||
<emphasis box="[146,273,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1103,1012,1706]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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||
Colonies are thin, flat, brittle sheets with crowded spicules, curved outer margins and ripple marks on the otherwise flat, hard, basal surface parallel to the outer margin of the colony. One of the newly recorded colonies (QM G328033) is attached to the base of another thin, flat and brittle sheet (
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<taxonomicName authority=", QM G" authorityName="QM G" box="[638,931,1108,1133]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ossium">
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||
<emphasis box="[638,841,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Didemnum ossium</emphasis>
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||
, QM G
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
328055). These colonies appear to support one another, and may stand up vertically from the sea floor. Many colonies are extensive, one (QM G328050) is
|
||
<quantity box="[893,957,1172,1196]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
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in greatest dimension and divided into more or less equal segments like a three-leaved clover. This colony is symmetrical, fixed by the middle of the basal margin. The curved outer margins of each segment often roll back over the upper surface to expose the hard, rippled, basal surface where it probably was not attached to the substratum.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1103,1012,1706]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
|
||
Evenly spaced common cloacal apertures are present on the upper surface, just inside the outer margin and have brown pigment in the test surrounding them. Zooids open along each side of the circular common cloacal canals that surround white slightly elevated zooid-free areas, giving a quilted appearance. Spicules are tightly packed throughout the colony. Most are stellate, to
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|
||
in diameter with 9–11 conical rays in optical transverse section. Others have truncated, flat-tipped rays and some are almost globular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="74.[146,1103,1012,1706]" lastBlockId="75.[213,1169,168,257]" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="1177" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">
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||
Zooids are robust and are nearly
|
||
<quantity box="[571,633,1554,1578]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with thick, six-lobed, cylindrical to tulip-shaped branchial siphons. A long, narrow atrial tongue, with a spoon-shaped and slightly bifid tip, projects from the upper margin of the large sessile opening that exposes most of the branchial sac to the common cloacal canal. About eight stigmata are in each row. A strong retractor muscle projects from the top of the oesophageal neck. The posterior end of the gut loop is bent ventrally. A divided testis with three or four follicles is pressed behind (dorsal to) the ventral flexure of the gut loop and is surrounded by six coils of the vas deferens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="75.[213,312,314,338]" box="[213,312,314,338]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">
|
||
<emphasis box="[213,312,314,338]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="75.[213,1170,355,1025]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">
|
||
The newly recorded specimens resemble those previously described in most characters (the zooids, branchial siphon and atrial lip, ventrally flexed gut loop, and the appearance of the colony with common cloacal apertures around the rounded outer margin, and a ripple-marked base). The pigmentation of the newly described colonies differs from the conspicuously two-toned colonies previously reported, in which brown pigment is scattered through the surface layer of test rather than being confined to the area around the common cloacal apertures (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kott P" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="731 - 774" refId="ref56554" refString="Kott P. 2004 a. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38 (6): 731 - 774." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2005). However previously reported specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vasseur" authorityYear="1969" box="[881,1018,581,605]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="millepore">
|
||
<emphasis box="[881,1018,581,605]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">P. millepore</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have similar spicules to the present ones and six coils of the vas deferens. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kott P" box="[1035,1169,613,637]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found only five coils of the vas deferens (and only three zooids with mature testes), six coils were detected in the re-examined material (see Kott 2005). Amongst tropical species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[308,720,710,734]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oceanium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[308,582,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">Polysyncraton oceanium</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kott P" box="[594,720,710,734]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a similar number of vas deferens coils but is distinguished by its superficial layer of bladder cells.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palliolum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">Polysyncraton palliolum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kott P" box="[322,444,775,799]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has nine coils of the vas deferens and its zooids lack a retractor muscle.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[306,675,807,831]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sideris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[306,543,807,831]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">Polysyncraton sideris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kott P" box="[552,675,807,831]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has seven coils of the vas deferens but has differences from the present species in its colonies and zooids and its large spicules.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kott, 2004 a" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2004" box="[213,615,871,896]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[213,460,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">Polysyncraton luteum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kott P" box="[473,615,871,895]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="731 - 774" refId="ref56554" refString="Kott P. 2004 a. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38 (6): 731 - 774." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott, 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has eight coils of the vas deferens but small globular spicules.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Monniot, 1993" authorityName="Monniot" authorityYear="1993" box="[418,932,904,928]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorugosum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[418,755,904,928]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">Polysyncraton pseudorugosum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Monniot F" box="[763,932,904,928]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="3 - 17" refId="ref57204" refString="Monniot F. 1993. Ascidies de Nouvelle-Caledonie XIII. Le genre Polysyncraton (Didemnidae). Bulletin Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle: Paris, ser 4 15 A (1 - 4): 3 - 17." type="journal article" year="1993">Monniot, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a similar colony but only three or four vas deferens coils.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="75.[213,1170,355,1025]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177">
|
||
It should be noted that
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kott P" box="[526,673,969,993]" pageId="75" pageNumber="1177" pagination="2409 - 2479" refId="ref56627" refString="Kott P. 2005 a. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 3). Journal of Natural History 39 (26): 2409 - 2479." type="journal article" year="2005">Kott (2005a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is clearly in error in reporting the diameter of spicules of this species to be
|
||
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|
||
rather than
|
||
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|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |