192 lines
26 KiB
XML
192 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="DBBE3581CCFC6F40F6D7B839A89294E1" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930801935958" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5219188" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629339757996" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kott, Patricia" docDate="2008" docId="E8619D712D094267FE74FAC1FE29FEB7" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.42.15-16.1103-1217.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 42 (15 - 16)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930801935958" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Polysyncraton fistulum Kott 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1175" masterDocId="1458E5092D41422DFFB2FFC1FF86FFE8" masterDocTitle="Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from deep waters of the continental shelf of Western Australia" masterLastPageNumber="1217" masterPageNumber="1103" pageNumber="1174" updateTime="1699068418599" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C6FDEC12D93C8132BADA815233E5AB69">
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<mods:title id="6D3C743F146012ACC8CEF5C98A48B2E5">Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from deep waters of the continental shelf of Western Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="55C1D54DE1DB3E5BC9EF923406067E1C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9505CA8106FAF0FF508CFB7C2F2025A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BE0A61FB7ECCA4D06D0BADD868FF34A2">Kott, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8D7CDA2E7139FEDF87C104A2632F85FC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CB3E9E6851A1BBE9E3AFB1AB158F7D99">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="28A50F71E2CB00CE8C7F7103B0A1A638">
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<mods:date id="6318B02EC8463C15C4F03090166A3655">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="43A811812AE337E683F9E140B48E8688">2008-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D5F360E7A5215D1C3CA1A7DF8C313EAD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D8D824D61406DEF22247D59636FAD292">42</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="64A1FA8BEDAB0935E0ACAA096E275235" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9DA0D3D9734D5B20957A13D18DDF79A8">15 - 16</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7E8521A520C6E5772BCB1C1B4580E0D8">1103</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D51E581A03040BC3A222B5A422D408F2">1217</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="01EFE2A5D45B1ED3855697A64079AAAB">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930801935958</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0694D6E75601BFF46C369E81174D63C2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="009D8BB01906DB87548DC0528D67006E" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930801935958</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3B1774941C4B0AA7816790BF776FAF46" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A54C215713A8AC87B63964418E8EFE78" type="Zenodo-Dep">5219188</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E8619D712D094267FE74FAC1FE29FEB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D094267FE74FAC1FE29FEB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8619D712D094267FE74FAC1FE29FEB7" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="1175" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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<subSubSection id="28D27FEC2D094265FE74FAC1FCAAFAF0" box="[454,812,1280,1304]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FE74FAC1FCAAFAF0" blockId="72.[454,812,1280,1336]" box="[454,812,1280,1304]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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<heading id="3B3F9B0B2D094265FE74FAC1FCAAFAF0" box="[454,812,1280,1304]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FE74FAC1FD41FAF0" ID-CoL="4LP8X" authority="Kott, 2008" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2008" box="[454,711,1280,1304]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fistulum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FE74FAC1FD41FAF0" bold="true" box="[454,711,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Polysyncraton fistulum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="498F4D0E2D094265FD63FAC1FCAAFAF0" box="[721,812,1280,1304]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28D27FEC2D094267FE49FAE1FE29FEB7" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="1176" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="description">
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FE49FAE1FD74FAD0" blockId="72.[454,812,1280,1336]" box="[507,754,1312,1336]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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(
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<figureCitation id="F8F330E22D094265FDB1FAE1FD2AFAD0" box="[515,684,1312,1336]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="71.[213,280,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[238,1143,168,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-0@71.[238,1143,165,1448]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figure 13. Polysyncraton dealbatum sp. nov. (QM G328119). A, larva. Polysyncraton fistulum sp nov. (QM G328446): B, colony; C, crosssection through colony lobe; D, longitudinal section through part of colony lobe showing hard rods of crowded spicules forming skeletal support; E, larva. Polysyncraton millepore (F, QM G328050; G, QM G328033): F, portion of colony showing ripple marks on undersurface; G, zooid. Polysyncraton pavementum (QM G328058): H, surface of colony showing separate systems. Scales: A, E, G, 0.2 mm; B, 2.0 cm; C, H, 3.0 mm; D, 1.0 cm; F, 3.0 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219214/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Figures 13B–E</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="F8F330E22D094265FD0BFAE1FD6DFAD0" box="[697,747,1312,1336]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="108.[146,213,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[281,967,165,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-0@108.[281,967,165,1522]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="Figure 16. Scanning electron micrographs of didemnid spicules: A, Atriolum tubiporum, QM G328004; B, Leptoclinides durus, QM G328158; C, Leptoclinides fungiformis, QM G328444; D, Leptoclinides vesica, QM G328458; E, F, Polysyncraton calculum, QM G328140; G, Polysyncraton dealbatum, QM G328119; H, Polysyncraton fistulum, QM G328446." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219220/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">16H</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FF20FAB0FE9EFA61" blockId="72.[146,280,1393,1417]" box="[146,280,1393,1417]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FF20FAB0FE9EFA61" box="[146,280,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Distribution</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FF20FA58FB9DFA39" blockId="72.[146,1102,1433,1489]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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<materialsCitation id="D0A0263A2D094265FF20FA58FD2BFA59" box="[146,685,1433,1457]" collectionCode="CSIRO" location="Western Australia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" specimenCode="SS10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
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Type locality:
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<collectingRegion id="A20CE2852D094265FE89FA58FD8BFA59" box="[315,525,1433,1457]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
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<collectionCode id="06D9B4A22D094265FDA5FA58FDEAFA59" box="[535,620,1433,1457]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="Museum">CSIRO</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="306E841C2D094265FDC5FA58FD2BFA59" box="[631,685,1433,1457]" collectionCode="CSIRO" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="Museum">SS10</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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/
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<materialsCitation id="D0A0263A2D094265FD04FA58FB9EFA39" accessionNumber="Z27510" collectingDate="2005-11-18" collectionCode="WAM, QM" elevation="102" latitude="-31.72243" longLatPrecision="4" longitude="115.244" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" specimenCode="G328446" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="holotype">
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05 (Two Rocks, Stn 02,
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<geoCoordinate id="05FC4AA02D094265FF20FA78FE8EFA39" box="[146,264,1465,1489]" degrees="31.72243" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" precision="1" value="-31.72243">31.72243S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="A73081822D094265FEA7FA78FEDDFA39" box="[277,347,1465,1489]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" unit="m" value="102.0">
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<elevation id="EBE5CB542D094265FEA7FA78FEDDFA39" box="[277,347,1465,1489]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" unit="m" value="102.0">102 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="14760AA72D094265FEDAFA78FDC2FA39" box="[360,580,1465,1489]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" value="2005-11-18">
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<collectingDate id="0432F34F2D094265FEDAFA78FDC2FA39" box="[360,580,1465,1489]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" value="2005-11-18">18 November 2005</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<typeStatus id="BF7392C52D094265FDE3FA78FD33FA39" box="[593,693,1465,1489]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="06D9B4A22D094265FD0CFA78FC81FA39" box="[702,775,1465,1489]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
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Z27510
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<collectionCode id="06D9B4A22D094265FCDFFA78FC1AFA39" box="[877,924,1465,1489]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="306E841C2D094265FC17FA78FB96FA39" box="[933,1040,1465,1489]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="Museum">G328446</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FF20F9CBFE97F9CA" blockId="72.[146,273,1546,1570]" box="[146,273,1546,1570]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FF20F9CBFE97F9CA" box="[146,273,1546,1570]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094264FF20F9F3FD96FEA9" blockId="72.[146,1103,1586,1706]" lastBlockId="73.[213,1169,168,1131]" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="1175" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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The
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<typeStatus id="BF7392C52D094265FF75F9F3FEADF9A2" box="[199,299,1586,1610]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is a large colony consisting of numerous (15 or more) vertical fingerlike cylindrical lobes, each about
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<quantity id="A73081822D094265FDAEF993FDE2F982" box="[540,612,1618,1642]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
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diameter and up to
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<quantity id="A73081822D094265FCE9F993FC08F982" box="[859,910,1618,1642]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
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long, branching from common basal stalks of about the same length. The whole colony is about
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<quantity id="A73081822D094265FF20F953FF54F942" box="[146,210,1682,1706]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
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high overall. Each of the lobes has a single terminal common cloacal aperture. Zooids are in the surface layer of test, which is separated from the central core by an extensive but shallow horizontal common cloacal cavity, traversed by strands of test connecting the central core to the surface zooid-bearing layer. Embryos and larvae are in the central core of test, the most advanced being in the layer of test adjacent to the common cloacal cavity.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D084264FF4DFE8BFE4EFDAD" blockId="73.[213,1169,168,1131]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Spicules are crowded throughout the colony but they are especially crowded in the central core where a hard three-dimensional network of rods of compacted spicules (suspended amongst less crowded ones) forms a supporting skeleton for the colony. The rods of spicules appear more crowded (the meshes of the network are smaller) where they form a central vertical axis, and also where they form an almost continuous calcareous wall that surrounds the colony lobe just beneath the common cloacal cavity. The central axis and the peripheral wall are connected by the lateral branches of the rods.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D084264FF4DFD8CFCE8FD4E" blockId="73.[213,1169,168,1131]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">
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The moderately sized stellate spicules (to
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<quantity id="A73081822D084264FD6CFD8CFCB8FD8D" box="[734,830,589,613]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
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diameter) have seven to nine relatively long but irregular rays in optical transverse section. The rays are of various lengths and the tips are often bidentate or even pectinate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D084264FF4DFD6EFEC8FC02" blockId="73.[213,1169,168,1131]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Stellate, six-lobed branchial openings are evenly distributed over the surface of the colony, their margins lined with spicules. The atrial apertures are large sessile openings exposing most of the branchial sac directly to the common cloacal cavity and an atrial lip was not detected. A large circular lateral organ is on each side of the thorax. The plug of spicules is attached to each side of the test sheath that envelops the thorax as it crosses the common cloacal cavity. About eight stigmata are in each of the four rows of stigmata on each side of the thorax. The gut loop is vertical and oesophageal and thoracic buds are present. Zooids have a circular clump of about seven testis follicle, although the vasa deferentia were not detected in these specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D084264FF4DFC32FC66FB83" blockId="73.[213,1169,168,1131]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">
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Embryos have a trunk about
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<quantity id="A73081822D084264FDE0FC32FD22FBE3" box="[594,676,1011,1035]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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long and the tail winds all the way around it. Eight parallel lateral ampullae are on each side of the sturdy antero-median adhesive organs, each with a relatively thick stalk and a deep cone of adhesive cells in a deep epidermal cup. Blastozooids were not detected in the larvae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D084264FF67FB64FEBEFB55" blockId="73.[213,312,1189,1213]" box="[213,312,1189,1213]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FF67FB64FEBEFB55" box="[213,312,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D084264FF67FB0CFE5AFA00" blockId="73.[213,1170,1229,1706]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">
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Without the evidence of its coiled vas deferens, this species could be mistaken for one of the few
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FEE7FB2FFD8AFAED" box="[341,524,1261,1286]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FEE7FB2FFE5FFAEE" box="[341,473,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Lissoclinum</emphasis>
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spp
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</taxonomicName>
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known to have a number of testis follicles and a large thorax with a wide sessile atrial opening (see
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<bibRefCitation id="045951962D084264FD40FACFFCECFACE" author="Kott P" box="[754,874,1294,1318]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott 2001</bibRefCitation>
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) like the present species. However the large larval trunk resembles many
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FCBAFAEFFC5DFAAE" box="[776,987,1326,1350]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FCBAFAEFFC21FAAE" box="[776,935,1326,1350]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Polysyncraton</emphasis>
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spp
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</taxonomicName>
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, being rounded (rather than attenuating) posteriorly, having a large number of stumpy lateral ampullae anteriorly (rather than the tapering club-shaped ampullae of
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FC4FFAAEFB0EFA6F" box="[1021,1160,1391,1415]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FC4FFAAEFB0EFA6F" box="[1021,1160,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Lissoclinium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and lacking the pronounced waist and the fine stalks of the adhesive organs of
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FF67FA71FEDFFA20" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1871" box="[213,345,1456,1480]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FF67FA71FEDFFA20" box="[213,345,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Lissoclinum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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larvae. Also, the gut loop is not folded up behind the thorax as it so often is in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FEE3FA11FE53FA00" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1871" box="[337,469,1488,1512]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FEE3FA11FE53FA00" box="[337,469,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Lissoclinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="60772C672D084267FF4DFA31FE29FEB7" blockId="73.[213,1170,1229,1706]" lastBlockId="74.[146,1103,168,351]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="1176" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">
|
||
The colonies of the present species are quite distinctive, lacking the surface sculpture and irregularity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FD95F9D0FC5EF9C1" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[551,984,1553,1577]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spongioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FD95F9D0FCA1F9C1" box="[551,807,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Didemnum spongioides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D084264FC88F9D0FC56F9C1" author="Sluiter CP" box="[826,976,1553,1577]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref57531" refString="Sluiter CP. 1909. Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition Pt. 2. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expeditie 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FBC7F9D0FE6AF9A1" authority="Michaelsen, 1930" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1930" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roberti">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FBC7F9D0FEA6F9A1" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">D. roberti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D084264FE95F9F0FE6AF9A1" author="Michaelsen W" box="[295,492,1585,1609]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" pagination="463 - 558" refId="ref56855" refString="Michaelsen W. 1930. Ascidae Krikobranchiae. Fauna Sudwest-Australien 5 (7): 463 - 558." type="journal article" year="1930">Michaelsen, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FD94F9F0FC91F9A1" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[550,791,1585,1609]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ossium">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FD94F9F0FD13F9A1" box="[550,661,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">D. ossium</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D084264FD2EF9F0FC91F9A1" author="Kott P" box="[668,791,1585,1609]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also resemble the present species to some extent, but in addition to their generic differences they are all distinguished from the present species by aspects of their spicules, zooids and larvae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D084264FBABF9B3FE4BF942" authority="Kott, 2004 a" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2004" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diversum">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D084264FBABF9B3FEB1F942" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175">Didemnum diversum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D084264FEF0F953FE4BF942" author="Kott P" box="[322,461,1682,1706]" pageId="73" pageNumber="1175" pagination="731 - 774" refId="ref56554" refString="Kott P. 2004 a. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38 (6): 731 - 774." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott, 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has small stellate spicules with bifid and pectinate ray tips similar to, and about the same size as, those of the present species. Spicules of the present species also are smaller than, but otherwise similar to, the spicules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D0B4267FB84FF09FE2CFF17" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tasmanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D0B4267FB84FF09FE90FEE8" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">P. tasmanensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D0B4267FE95FF26FE2CFF17" author="Kott P" box="[295,426,231,255]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D0B4267FE44FF29FC1DFF17" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[502,923,231,256]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D0B4267FE44FF29FC85FEE8" box="[502,771,232,256]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Trididemnum cristatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D0B4267FCA6FF26FC1DFF17" author="Kott P" box="[788,923,231,255]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D0B4267FC1DFF29FE73FEF7" authority="Monniot, 1993" authorityName="Monniot" authorityYear="1993" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D0B4267FC1DFF29FEBDFEC8" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176">Polysyncraton pseudorugosum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D0B4267FEFAFEC6FE73FEF7" author="Monniot F" box="[328,501,263,287]" pageId="74" pageNumber="1176" pagination="3 - 17" refId="ref57204" refString="Monniot F. 1993. Ascidies de Nouvelle-Caledonie XIII. Le genre Polysyncraton (Didemnidae). Bulletin Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle: Paris, ser 4 15 A (1 - 4): 3 - 17." type="journal article" year="1993">Monniot, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has spicules crowded together to form a skeleton similar to that of the present species, but it has other characters distinguishing it from the present species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |