211 lines
27 KiB
XML
211 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="9C602B38EB8542025234DA815B898D13" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930801935958" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5219188" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629339757996" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kott, Patricia" docDate="2008" docId="E8619D712D074265FE06FB21FD60FB3F" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.42.15-16.1103-1217.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 42 (15 - 16)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930801935958" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Polysyncraton dealbatum Kott 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1174" masterDocId="1458E5092D41422DFFB2FFC1FF86FFE8" masterDocTitle="Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from deep waters of the continental shelf of Western Australia" masterLastPageNumber="1217" masterPageNumber="1103" pageNumber="1172" updateTime="1699068418599" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0836B1D2846FFA4FFD9C4E4B20C3F838">
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<mods:title id="FFC731D5ECD48EEAF080B4D69D511047">Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from deep waters of the continental shelf of Western Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3A52319DAF2B26A07F4106F79B0D0099" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FFEEB881F21A59C8F543CBECC1B15C71">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5B269756D840A1719CC2FF4324DD4504">Kott, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0F1DE37876F3FCE88B494498A2D8DB00">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="94A9C218EA1BF2D525F6526F36F4065B">
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<mods:title id="8010DC73D9600F029EA3EC46FC7397F7">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3623EC420B44345411D01B4126BF0631">
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<mods:date id="B69C52EE2CEFFAADB912873BCB80A701">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="FD2A9AEEEC631E077A9CA50150D10C9D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="1ED03DCD96136643B154B3DF2D17A6BC">2008-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E0E7D5221BFC6930B02B23E71BC8D5FB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A9D416A9CE6D35CD9760476136E21FB9">42</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="E2B8020A37C208297D9F5BF9E20004BB" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="C0A3350A9DC9FD64821C2A975951195F">15 - 16</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="F3187130A4885FAA1822B6F903E66244" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="E4E6FC146F9F8A3CBFAFBA7F5E13A4A4">1103</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="13ADA9E2688795D16A13EFB66DDD4DCA">1217</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="81840FD8815DF5EBFCC186A138A8D154">
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<mods:url id="6B9C92B264FDEFE8BFA273C19EB2E23C">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930801935958</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="3FE5C35086965CEF07BBAE5955FBB6D3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="42FDC21F6C1577F719E6DC847BAB9C22" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930801935958</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="76EF2FF1DFEF918A14F05DFE581F7966" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1A978961F0326315AD6220C47F258890" type="Zenodo-Dep">5219188</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E8619D712D074265FE06FB21FD60FB3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D074265FE06FB21FD60FB3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8619D712D074265FE06FB21FD60FB3F" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="1174" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">
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<subSubSection id="28D27FEC2D07426BFE06FB21FCB5FB10" box="[436,819,1248,1272]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="60772C672D07426BFE06FB21FCB5FB10" blockId="70.[436,819,1248,1305]" box="[436,819,1248,1272]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">
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<heading id="3B3F9B0B2D07426BFE06FB21FCB5FB10" box="[436,819,1248,1272]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D07426BFE06FB21FD49FB10" ID-CoL="4LP8P" authority="Kott, 2008" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2008" box="[436,719,1248,1272]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dealbatum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D07426BFE06FB21FD49FB10" bold="true" box="[436,719,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">Polysyncraton dealbatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="498F4D0E2D07426BFD65FB21FCB5FB10" box="[727,819,1248,1272]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28D27FEC2D074265FDB1FAC0FD60FB3F" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="1174" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="description">
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<paragraph id="60772C672D07426BFDB1FAC0FD58FAF1" blockId="70.[436,819,1248,1305]" box="[515,734,1281,1305]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">
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(
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<figureCitation id="F8F330E22D07426BFDB9FAC0FD1EFAF1" box="[523,664,1281,1305]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="71.[213,280,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[238,1143,168,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-0@71.[238,1143,165,1448]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figure 13. Polysyncraton dealbatum sp. nov. (QM G328119). A, larva. Polysyncraton fistulum sp nov. (QM G328446): B, colony; C, crosssection through colony lobe; D, longitudinal section through part of colony lobe showing hard rods of crowded spicules forming skeletal support; E, larva. Polysyncraton millepore (F, QM G328050; G, QM G328033): F, portion of colony showing ripple marks on undersurface; G, zooid. Polysyncraton pavementum (QM G328058): H, surface of colony showing separate systems. Scales: A, E, G, 0.2 mm; B, 2.0 cm; C, H, 3.0 mm; D, 1.0 cm; F, 3.0 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219214/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">Figures 13A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="F8F330E22D07426BFD17FAC0FD50FAF1" box="[677,726,1281,1305]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="108.[146,213,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[281,967,165,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-0@108.[281,967,165,1522]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="Figure 16. Scanning electron micrographs of didemnid spicules: A, Atriolum tubiporum, QM G328004; B, Leptoclinides durus, QM G328158; C, Leptoclinides fungiformis, QM G328444; D, Leptoclinides vesica, QM G328458; E, F, Polysyncraton calculum, QM G328140; G, Polysyncraton dealbatum, QM G328119; H, Polysyncraton fistulum, QM G328446." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219220/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">16G</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D07426BFF20FA90FE9EFA81" blockId="70.[146,280,1361,1385]" box="[146,280,1361,1385]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D07426BFF20FA90FE9EFA81" box="[146,280,1361,1385]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">Distribution</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D07426BFF20FAB8FB8AFA59" blockId="70.[146,1102,1401,1457]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">
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<materialsCitation id="D0A0263A2D07426BFF20FAB8FD36FA79" box="[146,688,1401,1425]" collectionCode="CSIRO" location="Western Australia" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" specimenCode="SS10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
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Type locality:
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<collectingRegion id="A20CE2852D07426BFE8BFAB8FD8BFA79" box="[313,525,1401,1425]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectionCode id="06D9B4A22D07426BFDA9FAB8FDF6FA79" box="[539,624,1401,1425]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="Museum">CSIRO</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="306E841C2D07426BFDCBFAB8FD36FA79" box="[633,688,1401,1425]" collectionCode="CSIRO" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="Museum">SS10</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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/
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<materialsCitation id="D0A0263A2D07426BFD0AFAB8FB8EFA59" accessionNumber="Z27527" collectingDate="2005-12-06" collectionCode="WAM, QM" elevation="100" latitude="-25.9076" location="Stn" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="112.823" municipality="Shark Bay" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" specimenCode="G 328119" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="holotype">
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05 (
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<collectingMunicipality id="8013B61D2D07426BFD57FAB8FCE4FA79" box="[741,866,1401,1425]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">Shark Bay</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="65177ABC2D07426BFCC2FAB8FC10FA79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8619D712D074265FE06FB21FD60FB3F:65177ABC2D07426BFCC2FAB8FC10FA79" box="[880,918,1401,1425]" latitude="-25.9076" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="112.823" municipality="Shark Bay" name="Stn" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" stateProvince="Western Australia">Stn</location>
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112,
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<geoCoordinate id="05FC4AA02D07426BFC6AFAB8FBC8FA79" box="[984,1102,1401,1425]" degrees="112.8230" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" precision="5" value="112.823">112.8230E</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="05FC4AA02D07426BFF20FA58FF7DFA59" box="[146,251,1433,1457]" degrees="25.9076" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" precision="5" value="-25.9076">25.9076S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="A73081822D07426BFEBAFA58FECBFA59" box="[264,333,1433,1457]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" unit="m" value="100.0">
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<elevation id="EBE5CB542D07426BFEBAFA58FECBFA59" box="[264,333,1433,1457]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="14760AA72D07426BFEE8FA58FDA3FA59" box="[346,549,1433,1457]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" value="2005-12-06">
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<collectingDate id="0432F34F2D07426BFEE8FA58FDA3FA59" box="[346,549,1433,1457]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" value="2005-12-06">6 December 2005</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<typeStatus id="BF7392C52D07426BFD80FA58FD10FA59" box="[562,662,1433,1457]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="06D9B4A22D07426BFD2DFA58FD6EFA59" box="[671,744,1433,1457]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
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<accessionNumber id="7F9BB1842D07426BFD43FA58FCCEFA59" box="[753,840,1433,1457]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/Z27527" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="EnaNcbi">Z27527</accessionNumber>
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,
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<collectionCode id="06D9B4A22D07426BFCE7FA58FC02FA59" box="[853,900,1433,1457]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="306E841C2D07426BFC3FFA58FB86FA59" box="[909,1024,1433,1457]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="Museum">G 328119</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D07426BFF20FA2BFE97F9EA" blockId="70.[146,273,1514,1538]" box="[146,273,1514,1538]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D07426BFF20FA2BFE97F9EA" box="[146,273,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D074265FF20F9D3FC93FE37" blockId="70.[146,1103,1554,1706]" lastBlockId="72.[146,1103,168,671]" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="1174" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172">
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The
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<typeStatus id="BF7392C52D07426BFF74F9D3FEACF9C2" box="[198,298,1554,1578]" pageId="70" pageNumber="1172" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is part of an encrusting colony, white in preservative, with the spicules crowded throughout. Zooids are arranged along each side of shallow, thoracic, circular common cloacal canals and occasionally sessile common cloacal apertures are at the junctions of these canals. A layer of surface test containing the thoraces is relatively thin and even while the thicker basal layer of test is uneven, extending into irregularities in the substrate. Spicules are burr-like, to
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<quantity id="A73081822D094265FC85FF69FC11FF28" box="[823,919,168,192]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
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diameter, with crowded elliptical or club-shaped rays. Zooids are contracted. A muscular atrial tongue projects from the upper rim of the sessile, open atrial aperture which exposes most of the branchial sac to the common cloacal cavity. A short, contracted retractor muscle projects from the postero-ventral corner of the thorax. About 10 stigmata on each side were detected in the fours rows in the branchial sac. The gut appears to be voluminous, with a large spherical stomach and posterior stomach. It is obscured by a clump of seven or eight testis follicles crowded against the ventrally flexed part of the gut loop. The three coils of the vas deferens are on the surface of the testis and a large yellow egg projects from the side of the abdomen.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="34B77CEF2D06426AFF67FA0DFDC0F979" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5219214" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5219214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5219214/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173" startId="71.[213,280,1484,1506]" targetBox="[238,1143,168,1446]" targetPageId="71">
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<paragraph id="60772C672D06426AFF67FA0DFDC0F979" blockId="71.[213,1169,1484,1681]" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173">
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Figure 13.
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D06426AFEFBFA0DFDC3FA09" authority="Kott, 2008" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2008" box="[329,581,1484,1505]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dealbatum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D06426AFEFBFA0DFDC3FA09" box="[329,581,1484,1505]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173">Polysyncraton dealbatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="498F4D0E2D06426AFDFEFA0DFD1BFA0A" box="[588,669,1484,1506]" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(QM G328119). A, larva.
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D06426AFC19FA0DFB17FA09" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2008" box="[939,1169,1484,1505]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fistulum">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D06426AFC19FA0DFB17FA09" box="[939,1169,1484,1505]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173">Polysyncraton fistulum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp nov. (QM G328446): B, colony; C, crosssection through colony lobe; D, longitudinal section through part of colony lobe showing hard rods of crowded spicules forming skeletal support; E, larva.
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D06426AFE22F9E5FD04F9D1" authorityName="Vasseur" authorityYear="1969" box="[400,642,1572,1593]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="millepore">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D06426AFE22F9E5FD04F9D1" box="[400,642,1572,1593]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173">Polysyncraton millepore</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(F, QM G328050; G, QM G328033): F, portion of colony showing ripple marks on undersurface; G, zooid.
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D06426AFC8CF980FBD2F9BE" box="[830,1108,1601,1622]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavementum">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D06426AFC8CF980FBD2F9BE" box="[830,1108,1601,1622]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="1173">Polysyncraton pavementum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(QM G328058): H, surface of colony showing separate systems. Scales: A, E, G, 0.2 mm; B, 2.0 cm; C, H, 3.0 mm; D, 1.0 cm; F, 3.0 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FF0FFE29FC2BFD77" blockId="72.[146,1103,168,671]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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Larvae are being incubated in the basal test. The larval trunk is
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<quantity id="A73081822D094265FC0BFE29FB8DFDE8" box="[953,1035,488,512]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
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long. Each of four primary lateral ampullae subdivides to form eight ampullae on each side of the three antero-median adhesive organs. A large, external horizontal lateral ampulla projects back from just behind the adhesive array on the left side of the larva. Four rows of stigmata are in the larval oozooid and in each of two thoracic blastozooids. The tail winds two-thirds of the way around the trunk.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FF20FD19FF73FD18" blockId="72.[146,245,728,752]" box="[146,245,728,752]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FF20FD19FF73FD18" box="[146,245,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FF20FCC1FEAAFC70" blockId="72.[146,1103,768,1239]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
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Although the zooids are so contracted, the generic characters of
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<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FCCDFCC0FB98FCF1" box="[895,1054,769,793]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FCCDFCC0FB98FCF1" box="[895,1054,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Polysyncraton</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can all be detected, viz. the numerous testis follicles, the four rows of stigmata in the larval oozooid that distinguish it from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FDE8FC81FD68FCB0" box="[602,750,832,856]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FDE8FC81FD68FCB0" box="[602,750,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Trididemnum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FC9EFC81FC22FCB0" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[812,932,832,856]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FC9EFC81FC22FCB0" box="[812,932,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Didemnum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and the open, sessile atrial aperture, retractor muscle and larval blastozooids that exclude it from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FF20FC41FEA3FC70" box="[146,293,896,920]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Leptoclinides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FF20FC41FEA3FC70" box="[146,293,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Leptoclinides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="60772C672D094265FF0FFC61FD60FB3F" blockId="72.[146,1103,768,1239]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">
|
|
In the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FEE0FC60FE77FC51" box="[338,497,929,953]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FEE0FC60FE77FC51" box="[338,497,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Polysyncraton</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
there are many species with similar common cloacal systems and similar spicules absent from some parts of the colony. These include
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FB84FC00FEEEFC10" authority="Kott, 2004 c" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2004" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arvum">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FB84FC00FF51FC10" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">P. arvum</emphasis>
|
|
Kott, 2004c
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FE17FC21FD81FC10" box="[421,519,992,1016]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purou">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FE17FC21FD81FC10" box="[421,519,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">P. purou</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
C.and F.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FD33FC21FCAAFC10" author="Monniot C & Monniot F" box="[641,812,992,1016]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="1 - 155" refId="ref57096" refString="Monniot C, Monniot F. 1987. Les ascidies de Polynesie francaise. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris 136: 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1987">Monniot, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(with larger spicules),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FB84FC21FE19FBF0" authority="Kott, 2004 b" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2004" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulatum">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FB84FC21FE96FBF0" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">P. reticulatum</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FEA5FBC1FE19FBF0" author="Kott P" box="[279,415,1024,1048]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="2455 - 2526" refId="ref56592" refString="Kott P. 2004 b. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 2). Journal of Natural History 38: 2455 - 2526." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott, 2004b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FE6AFBC1FD96FBF0" author="Kott P" box="[472,528,1024,1048]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="1163 - 1211" refId="ref56725" refString="Kott P. 2007. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 4). Journal of Natural History 41 (17 - 20): 1163 - 1211." type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FDFEFBC1FCC0FBF0" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[588,838,1024,1048]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dromide">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FDFEFBC1FD40FBF0" box="[588,710,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">P. dromide</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FD7EFBC1FCC0FBF0" author="Kott P" box="[716,838,1024,1048]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(with smaller spicules). Similar but smaller larvae, with the four subdividing primary lateral ampullae on each side and two larval blastozooids, are present in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FD4BFB81FC7FFBB0" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[761,1017,1088,1112]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regulum">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FD4BFB81FCF3FBB0" box="[761,885,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">P. regulum</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FCCFFB81FC7FFBB0" author="Kott P" box="[893,1017,1088,1112]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FB84FB81FE10FB90" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubitapum">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FB84FB81FE85FB90" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">P. rubitapum</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FEA0FBA1FE10FB90" author="Kott P" box="[274,406,1120,1144]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FE1AFBA1FC3BFB90" authority="Monniot, 1993" authorityName="Monniot" authorityYear="1993" box="[424,957,1120,1144]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorugosum">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FE1AFBA1FD78FB90" box="[424,766,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">Polysyncraton pseudorugosum</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FCBFFBA1FC3BFB90" author="Monniot F" box="[781,957,1120,1144]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="3 - 17" refId="ref57204" refString="Monniot F. 1993. Ascidies de Nouvelle-Caledonie XIII. Le genre Polysyncraton (Didemnidae). Bulletin Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle: Paris, ser 4 15 A (1 - 4): 3 - 17." type="journal article" year="1993">Monniot, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has stellate rather than burr-like spicules, deeper common cloacal canals and more larval ampullae (12 per side) than the present species. Nine vas deferens coils in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C857E42D094265FC7BFB61FE8BFB3F" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palliolum">
|
|
<emphasis id="52BCF0752D094265FC7BFB61FBC8FB50" box="[969,1102,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174">P. palliolum</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="045951962D094265FF20FB7EFE8BFB3F" author="Kott P" box="[146,269,1215,1239]" pageId="72" pageNumber="1174" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref56390" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
distinguishes it from the present species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |