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<document id="35A4ACD24F49DCAC043B6E1CCC5DFFE4" ID-CLB-Dataset="25506" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4671.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b5540ef3-598a-4f52-84c6-eec946bbf32a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442568" ID-ZooBank="79CA3574-90EA-4A82-8202-34242BF63D2B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1568800807812" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lehnert, Helmut &amp; Stone, Robert P." docDate="2019" docId="E846878CFFA7FFB357F6F549FADFFD38" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4671.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4671 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Erylus imperator Lehnert &amp; Stone 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="389" masterDocId="147FFFF4FFA5FFBB5761F13DFFD0FF93" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Geodiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorina) from the Emperor Seamounts, North Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="395" masterPageNumber="381" pageNumber="383" updateTime="1698755311762" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="49CA0B477743929628655751E76A3823">Two new species of Geodiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorina) from the Emperor Seamounts, North Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81CDBAFFD52CD0EDD9A74AF4B83B1CE5">Lehnert, Helmut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="33400BFC3EA8BEDB2F5770BD81455F86">Stone, Robert P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BE686D6269918C2B1FC508586467D50E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D9A9C9774BA7B9D63B8E341F59EC5422">
<mods:date id="DBD68B99FDCFBACA3315464C9B44F959">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="195EAD49722591BD340488EEEBB9745A">2019-09-18</mods:number>
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<treatment id="E846878CFFA7FFB357F6F549FADFFD38" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159608574" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E846878CFFA7FFB357F6F549FADFFD38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E846878CFFA7FFB357F6F549FADFFD38" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<subSubSection id="28F56511FFA7FFB957F6F549FE7FFB1D" box="[151,431,1140,1167]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA7FFB957F6F549FE7FFB1D" blockId="2.[151,431,1140,1202]" box="[151,431,1140,1167]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<heading id="3B1881F6FFA7FFB957F6F549FE7FFB1D" bold="true" box="[151,431,1140,1167]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" reason="1">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA7FFB957F6F549FE7FFB1D" bold="true" box="[151,431,1140,1167]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA7FFB957F6F549FEB5FB1D" authority="Lehnert &amp; Stone, 2019" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,357,1140,1167]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA7FFB957F6F549FEB5FB1D" bold="true" box="[151,357,1140,1167]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Erylus imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="49A857F3FFA7FFB9560CF549FE7FFB1D" box="[365,431,1140,1166]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="28F56511FFA7FFB957F6F5A5FE59FB21" box="[151,393,1176,1202]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA7FFB957F6F5A5FE59FB21" blockId="2.[151,431,1140,1202]" box="[151,393,1176,1202]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
(
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB957FEF5A5FF3DFB21" box="[159,237,1176,1202]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB95670F5A5FEF1FB21" box="[273,289,1176,1202]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">3</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="2D6D0321FFA7FFB9564CF5A5FEAEFB21" box="[301,382,1176,1202]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,462,488]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule characteristics and locality of selected species of Erylus. All measurements are in µm unless otherwise noted." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" tableUuid="34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="28F56511FFA7FFB957F6F5E2FBE4FAD0" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA7FFB957F6F5E2FBE4FAD0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1247,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA7FFB957F6F5E2FE53FB69" bold="true" box="[151,387,1247,1274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="D0873CC7FFA7FFB956EBF5DDFBE4FAD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413161189" collectingDate="2014-03-28" collectionCode="MABIK" collectorName="Chano Hwang &amp; FV Oyang" county="North Pacific Ocean" latitude="32.6383" location="Yuryaku Guyot" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="172.285" municipality="Emperor Seamounts" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" specimenCode="IV00164196" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA7FFB956EBF5DDFE27FB69" bold="true" box="[394,503,1248,1274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<typeStatus id="BF548838FFA7FFB956EBF5DDFE27FB69" box="[394,503,1248,1274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="06FEAE5FFFA7FFB9569EF5DDFD8CFB69" box="[511,604,1248,1274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">MABIK</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="30499EE1FFA7FFB95502F5DDFD23FB69" box="[611,755,1248,1274]" collectionCode="IV" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">IV00164196</specimenCode>
, specimen originally frozen then transferred to 90% ethanol, collected by
<collectorName id="CD1A534CFFA7FFB95649F439FE1BFA8C" box="[296,459,1284,1311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Chano Hwang</collectorName>
with a bottom trawl aboard the
<collectorName id="CD1A534CFFA7FFB95458F438FC7FFA8C" box="[825,943,1285,1311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
FV
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA7FFB95405F438FC7FFA8C" box="[868,943,1285,1311]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Oyang</emphasis>
</collectorName>
96,
<date id="1451105AFFA7FFB95483F439FB42FA8D" box="[994,1170,1284,1310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="2014-03-28">
<collectingDate id="0415E9B2FFA7FFB95483F439FB42FA8D" box="[994,1170,1284,1310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="2014-03-28">
28 March
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB95336F439FB42FA8D" box="[1111,1170,1284,1310]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01448" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="m" value="2014480.0">2014</quantity>
</collectingDate>
</date>
, 480 m depth,
<location id="65306041FFA7FFB9525BF439FF30FAD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E846878CFFA7FFB357F6F549FADFFD38:65306041FFA7FFB9525BF439FF30FAD1" county="North Pacific Ocean" latitude="32.6383" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="172.285" municipality="Emperor Seamounts" name="Yuryaku Guyot" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Yűryaku Guyot</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="8034ACE0FFA7FFB9578AF414FE02FAD1" box="[235,466,1320,1347]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Emperor Seamounts</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="89314E16FFA7FFB956BCF415FD12FAD1" box="[477,706,1320,1346]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">North Pacific Ocean</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="05DB505DFFA7FFB955B0F415FCBDFAD0" box="[721,877,1320,1347]" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="38.298" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" precision="1" value="32.6383">32°38.298´N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="05DB505DFFA7FFB95418F415FBF7FAD0" box="[889,1063,1320,1347]" degrees="172" direction="east" minutes="17.100" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" precision="1" value="172.285">172° 17.100´E</geoCoordinate>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="28F56511FFA7FFB857A6F476FF2BFED0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA7FFB957A6F476FB62FA65" blockId="2.[151,1437,1247,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA7FFB957A6F476FE89FAF5" bold="true" box="[199,345,1355,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Description.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="BF548838FFA7FFB956F0F471FE23FAF5" box="[401,499,1356,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB95563F471FD8BFAF5" box="[514,603,1356,1382]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) is an irregular shaped, massive, light brown sponge, dimensions 3.3 x 2.7 x
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB957CAF44DFF2BFA18" box="[171,251,1392,1419]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="cm" value="1.6">1.6 cm</quantity>
. The cortex is only slightly elastic, easily broken. The interior is slightly darker and somewhat more elastic than the cortex. The surface is optically smooth but rough to the touch. There is one area, about
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB953B6F4A9FADFFA3C" box="[1239,1295,1428,1455]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
in diameter, with 16 circular apertures, presumably oscules, flush with the surface,
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB954CAF48AFBE2FA40" box="[939,1074,1463,1491]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB953A4F485FACFFA41" box="[1221,1311,1464,1490]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). There are no other apertures visible on the surface, even when examined under a dissecting microscope.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA7FFB957A6F73DFAB8F95D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1247,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
Skeletal architecture: The cortex has a thickness of
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB95473F4C2FC72F988" box="[786,930,1535,1563]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.875" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="287.5" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="225.0">225–350 µm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB954D2F73DFBDAF989" box="[947,1034,1536,1562]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
) and consists mainly of aspidasters which are arranged in several layers with the flat side parallel to the surface. Cladomes of dichotriaenes (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB9525CF719FA44F9AD" box="[1341,1428,1572,1598]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
) support the cortex from the choanosome with the rhabdome usually directed into the choanosome (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB95264F775FAB1F9F1" box="[1285,1377,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Directly above the aspidasters on the surface are irregularly distributed microstrongyles (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB9530AF751FB12F915" box="[1131,1218,1644,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Dichotriaenes are rare in spicule preparations but were observed densely arranged below the cortex with the clads embedded into the cortex (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB9578DF789FE96F95D" box="[236,326,1716,1742]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). The choanosome consists of oxeas, occasionally styles and asters without any obvious order.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA7FFB857A6F7E5FF2BFED0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1247,2031]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,153,323]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">
Spicules. Megascleres are rare, short-shafted dichotriaenes (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB95418F7E5FC04F961" box="[889,980,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB95483F7E5FBECF961" box="[994,1084,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) with conical rhabds, tapering to an acute point, 365–515
<date id="1451105AFFA7FFB956B3F7C0FDD5F885" box="[466,517,1787,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="1954-10">
x
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB95688F7C6FDD5F885" box="[489,517,1787,1814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="58.0" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="54.0">54</quantity>
</date>
–62 µm (n=8), clads, 184–435
<date id="1451105AFFA7FFB9540BF7C0FC17F885" box="[874,967,1787,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="1935-10-25">
x
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB954E0F7C6FC17F885" box="[897,967,1787,1814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="25.0">25–35</quantity>
</date>
µm per ray (n=11), bifurcate at the ends with the branching of rays approximately midway and, also rare calthrops-like orthotriaenes (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB953A9F61DFAF3F8A9" box="[1224,1315,1824,1850]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
), 495–602
<date id="1451105AFFA7FFB957F6F678FF1AF8CD" box="[151,202,1860,1887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="1938-10">
x
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB957CFF679FF1AF8CD" box="[174,202,1860,1886]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="49.5" valueMax="61.0" valueMin="38.0">38</quantity>
</date>
–61 µm, oxeas (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB956E2F679FE0CF8CD" box="[387,476,1860,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
), and occasionally styles (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB95469F679FCB2F8CD" box="[776,866,1860,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
), 825–1420
<date id="1451105AFFA7FFB95490F678FB9DF8CD" box="[1009,1101,1859,1887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="1955-10-28">
x
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB95366F67EFB9DF8CD" box="[1031,1101,1859,1886]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="41.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="28.0">28–55</quantity>
</date>
µm. Only a few styles in the same size range of the oxeas were observed. Styles were not abundant enough to provide additional measurements. Microscleres are circular to oval aspidasters (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB955C5F6B1FCD5F835" box="[676,773,1932,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Figs. 2E</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB9544FF6B1FC81F835" box="[814,849,1932,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">3C</figureCitation>
), 150–175–205 x 135–146–170
<date id="1451105AFFA7FFB953A8F6B0FB2BF835" box="[1225,1275,1932,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" value="1923-10">x 23</date>
–29.4–
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB9522BF6B1FA48F834" box="[1354,1432,1932,1959]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 µm</quantity>
. Thickness of the aspidasters is lowest at the margins and reaches its maximum in the center. Oxyasters (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA7FFB9527FF68DFF79F87C" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="383">Figs. 3D &amp; E</figureCitation>
) occur with diameters of 80–101–
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA7FFB9554DF6E9FD52F87C" box="[556,642,2004,2031]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="2" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="116.0">116 µm</quantity>
with microacanthose rays. These oxyasters have a maximum of 8 rays but, frequently have one or several rays reduced to the degree that there is only one remaining and then they would appear as microacanthose microtylostyles (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA6FFB8551DF180FCC6FF44" box="[636,790,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Figs. 3C &amp; E</figureCitation>
), 42–51–
<date id="1451105AFFA6FFB8541EF181FC31FF44" box="[895,993,188,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" value="1969-10-05" valueMax="1969-10-05" valueMin="1969-10-05">
69 x 5–
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–7 µm. Intermediates with two or three rays somewhat resemble diods and triods of homoscleromorph spicules and 4-rayed versions like small calthrops. Smooth microstrongyles (
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA6FFB856DBF038FDC7FE8C" box="[442,535,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,373,1775]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Erylus imperator n. sp. A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Figs. 2F</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="F8D42A1FFFA6FFB8555AF038FD8CFE8C" box="[571,604,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[164,1423,174,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of Erylus imperator. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">3F</figureCitation>
), 13–41–
<date id="1451105AFFA6FFB855A5F039FCF6FE8C" box="[708,806,260,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" value="1958-10-04" valueMax="1958-10-05" valueMin="1958-10-04">58 x 4–5</date>
–
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, often centrotylote and with unequal thickness of the ends.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="34906612FFA6FFB857F6F63EFBF8F838" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442572" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442572/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" startId="3.[151,250,1795,1820]" targetBox="[151,1435,373,1775]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA6FFB857F6F63EFBF8F838" blockId="3.[151,1437,1795,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA6FFB857F6F63EFEDFF88F" bold="true" box="[151,271,1795,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA6FFB8567DF63EFE1BF888" authority="Lehnert &amp; Stone, 2019" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[284,459,1795,1819]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA6FFB8567DF63EFE1BF888" box="[284,459,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">Erylus imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA6FFB856B5F639FDDEF88F" bold="true" box="[468,526,1796,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="49A857F3FFA6FFB856B5F639FDDEF88F" box="[468,526,1796,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, Holotype. Group of circular apertures in the center, cortex with a lighter colour than the choanosome visible at lower left. B, Light microscopic section perpendicular to surface. Densely packed aspidasters of the cortex visible as dark band on the right. C, Cladome of dichotriaene, aspidaster and several oxyasters. D, Calthrops like triaenes. E, Style from lower left side to upper right side between apidasters and oxyasters. F, Light microscopic section parallel to the surface of the cortex. Anisomicrostrongyles, often centrotylote are restricted to the cortex.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="34906612FFA1FFBF57F6F771FD97F88A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3442574" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3442574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3442574/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" startId="4.[151,250,1612,1637]" targetBox="[164,1423,174,1593]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA1FFBF57F6F771FD97F88A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1612,1817]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA1FFBF57F6F771FEDDF9F6" bold="true" box="[151,269,1612,1637]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. A, SEM photo of the bottom-side of a cortex peel. Dichotriaenes are embedded in the cortex with their cladomes. Rhabdomes reach into the choanosome. B, SEM photo of different spicule types of
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA1FFBF5496F74CFB75F91A" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[1015,1189,1649,1673]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA1FFBF5496F74CFB75F91A" box="[1015,1189,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Erylus imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Oxeas, aspidasters and oxyasters are visible. C, Close-up of oval aspidaster. At upper margin of aspidaster an oxyaster with only one remaining ray, resembling a tylostyle, is visible. D, Oxyasters with different numbers of reduced rays. Reduced rays often visible as rounded knobs. Left margin shows part of an oxeon. E, Close-up of tylostyle-like, single-rayed oxyaster. F, Centrotylote microstrongyle at the ornamented surface of an aspidaster.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="28F56511FFA1FFB357A6F67AFCB9FDF0" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA1FFBE57A6F67AFED4FED0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1863,2034]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,153,323]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="386" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA1FFBF57A6F67AFE9CF8F1" bold="true" box="[199,332,1863,1890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Discussion.</emphasis>
The
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA1FFBF56E9F67AFE01F8F2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[392,465,1863,1889]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA1FFBF56E9F67AFE01F8F2" box="[392,465,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Erylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species described here has the usual set of spicules including relatively small dichotriaenes, calthrops-like orthotriaenes and monaxons which consist of oxeas and some styles. We compared the new
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA1FFBF57F6F6B2FF30F83A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,224,1935,1961]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA1FFBF57F6F6B2FF30F83A" box="[151,224,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Erylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with all congeners in the North Pacific Ocean from Alaska to the Coral Sea and to
<collectingCountry id="18F8760AFFA1FFBF5386F6B2FA85F83A" box="[1255,1365,1935,1961]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="4" pageNumber="385">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
in the West. Spicule characteristics of the compared congeners are listed in
<tableCitation id="2D6D0321FFA1FFBF54C1F68EFC24F85E" box="[928,1012,1971,1997]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,462,488]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule characteristics and locality of selected species of Erylus. All measurements are in µm unless otherwise noted." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" pageId="4" pageNumber="385" tableUuid="34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B">Table 1</tableCitation>
. None of the congeners has oxyasters of a comparable size and none shows the tendency of reduced number of rays of the oxyasters to an extent that reduced oxyasters appear as a category of microtylostyles in considerable quantities. The only other species with oxyasters with a diameter above
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA0FFBE5568F180FDB1FF44" box="[521,609,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
is
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE55E3F180FCC3FF44" box="[642,787,189,215]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE55E3F180FCC3FF44" box="[642,787,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Erylus citrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE5440F183FC51FF44" box="[801,897,189,215]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5440F183FCE2FF44" box="[801,818,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5420F183FC51FF44" box="[833,897,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">citrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smaller orthotriaenes, has no dichotriaenes, smaller oxeas, smaller aspidasters and two categories of oxyasters; none of these categories showing the reduction of rays described for
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE56EBF03BFDCBFE8C" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[394,539,261,287]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE56EBF03BFE4BFE8C" box="[394,411,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE56CAF03BFDCBFE8C" box="[427,539,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The new species differs from compared congeners in the following characters (
<tableCitation id="2D6D0321FFA0FFBE57FEF014FF23FED0" box="[159,243,297,323]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,462,488]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule characteristics and locality of selected species of Erylus. All measurements are in µm unless otherwise noted." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" tableUuid="34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B">Table 1</tableCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F04CFE64FE40" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F04CFEF1FE18" authorityName="Lehnert, Stone &amp; Heimler" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,289,368,395]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aleuticus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F04CFF7AFE18" bold="true" box="[151,170,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D8F04DFEF1FE18" bold="true" box="[185,289,368,395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">aleuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has longer but thinner rhabds of triaenes, monaxons including tylotes and tylostyles, larger and more round aspidasters, microstrongyles with a narrower size range, and oxyasters of approximately 1/10
<superScript id="979A9BD2FFA0FFBE5254F0A9FA92FE31" attach="left" box="[1333,1346,404,418]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">th</superScript>
the size as in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE567FF087FE7DFE40" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[286,429,441,467]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE567FF087FEFFFE40" box="[286,303,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE565CF087FE7DFE40" box="[317,429,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F0E0FAADFD8F" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F0E0FEC2FE64" authorityName="Adams &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,274,477,503]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amissus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F0E0FF7AFE64" bold="true" box="[151,170,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D7F0E0FEC2FE64" bold="true" box="[182,274,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">amissus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no triaenes, smaller monaxons (1/2 or 1/3
<superScript id="979A9BD2FFA0FFBE546DF0E1FCCAFE79" attach="left" box="[780,794,476,490]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">rd</superScript>
the size in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE54F5F0E3FBF2FE64" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[916,1058,477,503]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE54F5F0E3FC75FE64" box="[916,933,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE54D3F0E3FBF2FE64" box="[946,1058,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), smaller and rounder aspidasters, microrhabds that are longer and are microxeas, and two size categories of oxyasters (both much smaller).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F318FB41FDF0" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F318FEE8FDAC" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,312,548,575]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="caliculatus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F318FF7AFDAC" bold="true" box="[151,170,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57DBF319FEE8FDAC" bold="true" box="[186,312,548,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">caliculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smaller triaenes, shorter oxeas, additional strongyles instead of styles, aspidasters of approximately 1/3
<superScript id="979A9BD2FFA0FFBE563BF375FEB8FDC5" attach="left" box="[346,360,584,598]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">rd</superScript>
the size as in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE5564F377FD44FDF0" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[517,660,585,611]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5564F377FDC6FDF0" box="[517,534,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5545F377FD44FDF0" box="[548,660,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and a smaller size range of microstrongyles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F350FCD7FD5C" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F350FED6FD14" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,262,621,647]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F350FF7AFD14" bold="true" box="[151,170,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57DBF350FED6FD14" bold="true" box="[186,262,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">carteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has somewhat smaller oxeas, no additional category of monaxons, thicker and more oval aspidasters, microrhabds that are microxeas of a narrower size range, and much thinner asters (approximately 1/4
<superScript id="979A9BD2FFA0FFBE5204F3ADFAA2FD0D" attach="left" box="[1381,1394,656,670]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">th</superScript>
the diameter of
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE560BF38BFE29FD5C" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[362,505,693,719]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE560BF38BFEABFD5C" box="[362,379,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE56E8F38BFE29FD5C" box="[393,505,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that are strongylasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F3E4FBE9FCA8" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F3E4FF2FFD60" box="[151,255,729,755]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="circus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F3E4FF7AFD60" bold="true" box="[151,170,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D8F3E4FF2FFD60" bold="true" box="[185,255,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">circus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are only orthotriaenes and of smaller size, monaxons that are simply oxeas and smaller than those in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE561CF3C3FDDDFC84" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[381,525,765,791]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE561CF3C3FE5EFC84" box="[381,398,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE56FCF3C3FDDDFC84" box="[413,525,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, much smaller and more round aspidasters, microrhabds that are microxeas of a narrower size range, and thinner asters (1/10
<superScript id="979A9BD2FFA0FFBE55B4F21DFD32FCBD" attach="left" box="[725,738,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">th</superScript>
the diameter of
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE54F8F21FFBF8FCA8" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[921,1064,801,827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE54F8F21FFC7AFCA8" box="[921,938,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE54D9F21FFBF8FCA8" box="[952,1064,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F278FB1FFC34" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F278FF2AFCCC" box="[151,250,837,863]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F278FF7AFCCC" bold="true" box="[151,170,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D8F278FF2AFCCC" bold="true" box="[185,250,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">citrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are orthotriaenes only which are smaller, monaxons that are smaller oxeas and strongyloxeas that lack styles, smaller aspidasters, microrhabds that are microxeas of a narrower size range, and oxyasters in three size categories (all smaller than the only size category in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE5351F2B3FB6FFC34" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[1072,1215,909,935]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5351F2B3FB91FC34" box="[1072,1089,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE532EF2B3FB6FFC34" box="[1103,1215,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F28CFEFAFB80" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F28CFEF2FC58" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,290,945,971]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cornutus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F28CFF7AFC58" bold="true" box="[151,170,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57DAF28CFEF2FC58" bold="true" box="[187,290,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">cornutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are orthotriaenes with only occasionally one dichtotomous ray, monaxons that are strongyles and oxeas, no styles, much thicker aspidasters, microrhabds of a narrower size range, and no asters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F520FB85FBC8" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F520FEEAFBA4" authorityName="Lindgren" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,314,1052,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="decumbens">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F520FF7AFBA4" bold="true" box="[151,170,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D8F521FEEAFBA4" bold="true" box="[185,314,1052,1079]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">decumbens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are only orthotriaenes, smaller oxeas, no auxiliary styles, smaller aspidasters, microrhabds that are microxeas, much smaller oxyasters, and additional tylasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F558FE8AFB78" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F558FEFBFBEC" authorityName="Dickinson" authorityYear="1945" box="[151,299,1124,1151]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="discastera">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F558FF7AFBEC" bold="true" box="[151,170,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D9F559FEFBFBEC" bold="true" box="[184,299,1124,1151]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">discastera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are ortho- and plagiotriaenes, and smaller monaxons that are only oxeas. Dickinson mentions sterrasters [sic] of 240 and
<quantity id="A7179B7FFFA0FFBE55F0F5B4FD02FB30" box="[657,722,1161,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 µm</quantity>
. We assume the small “sterrasters” are probably (oxy-?)asters and the large ones aspidasters. Regardless, the differences clearly indicate that it is not conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE52E5F593FE83FB78" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE52E5F593FA45FB54" box="[1412,1429,1198,1223]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5782F5EFFE83FB78" box="[227,339,1234,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F5C8FB9AFA74" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F5C8FF7AFA9C" bold="true" box="[151,170,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57DBF5C9FE9EFA9C" bold="true" box="[186,334,1268,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">inaequalis—</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA0FFBE562FF5C8FDC4FA9C" author="Kieschnick, O." box="[334,532,1269,1295]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref7746" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1896) Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (520), 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick, 1896</bibRefCitation>
provided no dimensions of the spicules; triaenes are only plagiotriaenes, monaxons are oxeas only, no additional styles.
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA0FFBE55A2F424FC43FAA7" author="Kieschnick, O." box="[707,915,1305,1332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref7746" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1896) Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (520), 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick (1896)</bibRefCitation>
mentions sterrasters, but
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA0FFBE53D3F424FA9CFAA0" author="Thiele, J." box="[1202,1356,1305,1331]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref8700" refString="Thiele, J. (1900) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, Frankfurt, 25, 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele (1900)</bibRefCitation>
claims that no specimen could fit Kieschnick´s description and he withdrew Kieschnick´s species as being valid (see original text at the end of
<tableCitation id="2D6D0321FFA0FFBE555DF45CFD5EFAE8" box="[572,654,1377,1403]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,462,488]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule characteristics and locality of selected species of Erylus. All measurements are in µm unless otherwise noted." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" tableUuid="34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Kieschnick also mentions the presence of centrotylote microscleres and oxyasters and with this description the species is unrecognizable. So it is possibly an invalid species as Thiele´s intention was clearly to discredit the species designation. Nonetheless, conspecificity with
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE5237F497FEE7FA74" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5237F497FAB7FA50" box="[1366,1383,1450,1475]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5216F497FEE7FA74" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is excluded as Kieschnick´s description mentions only plagiotriaenes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F4CCFC72F9BC" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F4CCFEF4F998" authorityName="Rho &amp; Sim" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,292,1520,1547]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="koreanus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F4CCFF7AF998" bold="true" box="[151,170,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D8F4CDFEF4F998" bold="true" box="[185,292,1520,1547]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">koreanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are only orthotriaenes and smaller than those in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE536DF4CFFB4DF998" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[1036,1181,1521,1547]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE536DF4CFFBCDF998" box="[1036,1053,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE534CF4CFFB4DF998" box="[1069,1181,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, smaller aspidasters, a narrower size range of microstrongyles, and smaller oxyasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F704FD50F8E0" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F704FEEBF9C0" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,315,1592,1619]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lendenfeldi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F704FEEBF9C0" bold="true" box="[151,315,1592,1619]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E. lendenfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not reported from the northern hemisphere. Southern hemisphere records are from the East African coast,
<collectingCountry id="18F8760AFFA0FFBE560CF760FE24F9E4" box="[365,500,1629,1655]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and West
<collectingCountry id="18F8760AFFA0FFBE550CF760FD04F9E4" box="[621,724,1629,1655]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">Australia</collectingCountry>
and therefore out of the zoogeographical scope of the species discussed here and consequently not included in
<tableCitation id="2D6D0321FFA0FFBE5468F7BCFC8DF908" box="[777,861,1665,1691]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,462,488]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule characteristics and locality of selected species of Erylus. All measurements are in µm unless otherwise noted." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" tableUuid="34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B">Table 1</tableCitation>
. However, one reviewer suggested that we
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5229F7BCFEF3F92C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">provide the di</emphasis>
fferences between
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE5697F79BFD42F92C" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[502,658,1701,1727]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lendenfeldi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5697F79BFD42F92C" box="[502,658,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E. lendenfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the new species described here. We consulted
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA0FFBE53B2F798FEFDF970" author="Adams, C. L. &amp; Hooper, J. N. A." pageId="5" pageNumber="386" pagination="319 - 340" refId="ref6967" refString="Adams, C. L. &amp; Hooper, J. N. A. (2001) A revision of Australian Erylus (Porifera: Demospongiae: Astrophorida: Geodiidae) with a tabular review of worldwide species. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 15 (3), 319 - 340. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 00028" type="journal article" year="2001">Adams &amp; Hooper (2001)</bibRefCitation>
for measurements of
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE5549F7F7FD14F970" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[552,708,1737,1763]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lendenfeldi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5549F7F7FD14F970" box="[552,708,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E. lendenfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE55B5F7F7FCA1F970" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[724,881,1737,1763]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lendenfeldi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE55B5F7F7FCA1F970" box="[724,881,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E. lendenfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no calthrops-like orthotriaenes, has oxeas to strongyloxeas which are much smaller, has considerably smaller aspidasters which have a central depression, has microxeas instead of microstrongyles and has three categories of asters: large and small oxyasters and one category of tylasters while
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE5519F60BFCD8F8DC" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[632,776,1846,1871]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5519F60BFCD8F8DC" box="[632,776,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E. imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only one category of oxyaster which is larger than all categories of asters in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE56BCF667FDA8F8E0" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[477,632,1881,1907]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lendenfeldi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE56BCF667FDA8F8E0" box="[477,632,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E. lendenfeldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA0FFBE57F6F640FE6EF84C" blockId="5.[151,1437,368,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE57F6F640FED7F804" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,263,1916,1943]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57F6F640FF7AF804" bold="true" box="[151,170,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE57D8F641FED7F804" bold="true" box="[185,263,1916,1943]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are only orthotriaenes, monaxons that are only oxeas, no auxiliary categories of styles, aspidasters that are smaller, and smaller oxyasters. Descriptions of
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE54B4F69FFBBAF828" authorityName="Kieschnick" authorityYear="1896" box="[981,1130,1953,1979]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inaequalis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE54B4F69FFC36F828" box="[981,998,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE5494F69CFBBAF828" box="[1013,1130,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">inaequalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA0FFBE53C0F69FFADCF828" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1900" box="[1185,1292,1953,1979]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="386" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE53C0F69FFB62F828" box="[1185,1202,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA0FFBE53A1F69CFADCF828" box="[1216,1292,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="386">nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are likely of the same specimen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" ID-Table-UUID="34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" box="[151,1526,462,488]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/34906612FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" targetBox="[165,2018,499,1707]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FA26FE7B" blockId="6.[151,1526,462,488]" box="[151,1526,462,488]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57F6F0F3FEDAFE7B" bold="true" box="[151,266,462,488]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Spicule characteristics and locality of selected species of
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD5415F0F3FC6AFE7B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[884,954,462,488]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD5415F0F3FC6AFE7B" box="[884,954,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All measurements are in µm unless otherwise noted.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA3FFBD57C4F0CEF9B8F938" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<table id="12EFC43AFFA3004457C4F0CEF832F938" box="[165,2018,499,1707]" colsContinueIn="7.[165,2022,503,1504]" gridcols="7" gridrows="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F0CEF832FD99" box="[165,2018,499,522]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F0CEFE40FD99" box="[165,400,499,522]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F0CEFE8CFD99" bold="true" box="[165,348,499,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Species, authority</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F0CEFD6FFD99" box="[439,703,499,522]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD56D6F0CEFDDFFD99" bold="true" box="[439,527,499,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Triaenes</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF0CEFC00FD99" box="[733,976,499,522]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD55BCF0CEFC98FD99" bold="true" box="[733,840,499,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Monaxons</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF0CEFB6EFD99" box="[1006,1214,499,522]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD548FF0CEFBB6FD99" bold="true" box="[1006,1126,499,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Aspidasters</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF0CEFA35FD99" box="[1245,1509,499,522]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD53BCF0CEFAB3FD99" bold="true" box="[1245,1379,499,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Microrhabds</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF0CEF8FDFD99" box="[1547,1837,499,522]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD516AF0CEF99CFD99" bold="true" box="[1547,1612,499,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Asters</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF0CEF832FD99" box="[1869,2018,499,522]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD502CF0CEF871FD99" bold="true" box="[1869,1953,499,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Locality</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F32BF832FDBE" box="[165,2018,534,557]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F32BFE40FDBE" box="[165,400,534,557]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F32BFE91FDBE" authorityName="Lehnert, Stone &amp; Heimler" authorityYear="2006" box="[165,321,534,557]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aleuticus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F32BFE91FDBE" box="[165,321,534,557]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus aleuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F32BFD6FFDBE" box="[439,703,534,557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Orthotriaenes, rhabd,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF32BFC00FDBE" box="[733,976,534,557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxeas, strongyles,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF32BFB6EFDBE" box="[1006,1214,534,557]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">200–225 x 160–175</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF32BFA35FDBE" box="[1245,1509,534,557]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Centrotylote microstrong-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF32BF8FDFDBE" box="[1547,1837,534,557]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxyasters, 9–12</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF32BF832FDBE" box="[1869,2018,534,557]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Aleutian Is-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F307F832FDC2" box="[165,2018,570,593]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F307FE40FDC2" box="[165,400,570,593]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA3FFBD57C4F307FEB2FDC2" author="Lehnert, H. &amp; Stone, R. &amp; Heimler, W." box="[165,354,570,593]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" pagination="971 - 975" refId="ref7829" refString="Lehnert, H., Stone, R. &amp; Heimler, W. (2006) Erylus aleuticus sp. nov. (Porifera: Demospongiae: Astrophorida: Geodiidae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 86, 971 - 975. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315406013944" type="journal article" year="2006">
Lehnert
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD5797F307FEF0FDC2" box="[246,288,570,593]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F307FD6FFDC2" box="[439,703,570,593]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">615–790 x 23–42, clad,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF307FC00FDC2" box="[733,976,570,593]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">tylotes, tylostyles,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF307FB6EFDC2" box="[1006,1214,570,593]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">x 28–62</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF307FA35FDC2" box="[1245,1509,570,593]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">yles, 30–47 x 4–6</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF307F832FDC2" box="[1869,2018,570,593]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">lands, Alaska</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F363F832FD06" box="[165,2018,606,661]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F363FE40FD06" box="[165,400,606,661]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F343FEE6FD06" authorityName="Adams &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2001" box="[165,310,638,661]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amissus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F343FEE6FD06" box="[165,310,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus amissus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F363FD6FFD06" box="[439,703,606,661]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">270–380 x 24–35 None</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF363FC00FD06" box="[733,976,606,661]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">520–1728 x 18–42 Oxeas to strongylox-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF363FB6EFD06" box="[1006,1214,606,661]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Round, 50–77.2–125</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF363FA35FD06" box="[1245,1509,606,661]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Microxeas, some centroty-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF363F8FDFD06" box="[1547,1837,606,661]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Large oxyasters, microspined</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF363F832FD06" box="[1869,2018,606,661]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Coral Sea,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F39FF832FD2A" box="[165,2018,674,697]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F39FFE40FD2A" box="[165,400,674,697]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA3FFBD57C4F39FFE5BFD2A" author="Adams, C. L. &amp; Hooper, J. N. A." box="[165,395,674,697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" pagination="319 - 340" refId="ref6967" refString="Adams, C. L. &amp; Hooper, J. N. A. (2001) A revision of Australian Erylus (Porifera: Demospongiae: Astrophorida: Geodiidae) with a tabular review of worldwide species. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 15 (3), 319 - 340. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 00028" type="journal article" year="2001">Adams &amp; Hooper, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF39FFC00FD2A" box="[733,976,674,697]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">eas, 286–427.4–580 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF39FFB6EFD2A" box="[1006,1214,674,697]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">x 8–10–12</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF39FFA35FD2A" box="[1245,1509,674,697]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">lote, 35–55.1–89 x 1–2.1–4</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF39FF8FDFD2A" box="[1547,1837,674,697]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">tips, 18–35.7–64, small oxy-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF39FF832FD2A" box="[1869,2018,674,697]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Japan</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F3FBF832FD6E" box="[165,2018,710,765]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F3FBFE40FD6E" box="[165,400,710,765]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F3DBFE83FD6E" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1910" box="[165,339,742,765]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="caliculatus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F3DBFE83FD6E" box="[165,339,742,765]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus caliculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F3FBFD6FFD6E" box="[439,703,710,765]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Orthotriaenes, rhabd,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF3FBFC00FD6E" box="[733,976,710,765]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">2–7.7–14 Oxeas, strongyles, styles,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF3FBFB6EFD6E" box="[1006,1214,710,765]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">72–88 x 66–77 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF3FBFA35FD6E" box="[1245,1509,710,765]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Centrotylote microstron-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF3FBF8FDFD6E" box="[1547,1837,710,765]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">asters, spined tips, 8–14–28 Microspined tylasters, 17–50,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF3FBF832FD6E" box="[1869,2018,710,765]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Hawaii</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F237F832FCB2" box="[165,2018,778,801]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F237FE40FCB2" box="[165,400,778,801]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA3FFBD57C4F237FE9FFCB2" author="Lendenfeld, R. von" box="[165,335,778,801]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" pagination="261 - 324" refId="ref8001" refString="Lendenfeld, R. von (1910) The Sponges. 2. The Erylidae. In: Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ' Albatross', from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding, and of other Expeditions of the Albatross, 1888 - 1904. (21). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 41 (2), 261 - 324, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 85972" type="journal article" year="1910">Lendenfeld, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F237FD6FFCB2" box="[439,703,778,801]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">200–300 x 13–20, clad,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF237FC00FCB2" box="[733,976,778,801]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">410–850 x 10–19</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF237FB6EFCB2" box="[1006,1214,778,801]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">10.6–12.8</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF237FA35FCB2" box="[1245,1509,778,801]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">gyles, 39–52 x 3–5</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF237F8FDFCB2" box="[1547,1837,778,801]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">oxyasters of similar dimen-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F213F832FCD6" box="[165,2018,814,837]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F213FD6FFCD6" box="[439,703,814,837]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">125–220, no width pro-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF213F8FDFCD6" box="[1547,1837,814,837]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">sions, small oxyspherasters,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F26FF832FC1A" box="[165,2018,850,905]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F26FFE40FC1A" box="[165,400,850,905]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F24FFEBEFC1A" authority="Sollas" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[165,366,882,905]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F24FFEFBFC1A" box="[165,299,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus carteri</emphasis>
Sollas
</taxonomicName>
,
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F26FFD6FFC1A" box="[439,703,850,905]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">vided Orthotriaenes to dichot-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF26FFC00FC1A" box="[733,976,850,905]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxeas, 850 x 28</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF26FFB6EFC1A" box="[1006,1214,850,905]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">240 x 127 x 42</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF26FFA35FC1A" box="[1245,1509,850,905]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Centrotylote microxeas</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF26FF8FDFC1A" box="[1547,1837,850,905]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">9–18 Strongylasters, 28</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF26FF832FC1A" box="[1869,2018,850,905]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Southern India,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F2ABF832FC3E" box="[165,2018,918,941]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F2ABFE40FC3E" box="[165,400,918,941]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">1888</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F2ABFD6FFC3E" box="[439,703,918,941]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">riaenes, rhabd, 560 x 56,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF2ABFA35FC3E" box="[1245,1509,918,941]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">(dimensions not provided)</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF2ABF832FC3E" box="[1869,2018,918,941]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Sri Lanka</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F287F832FC63" box="[165,2018,954,1008]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F287FE40FC63" box="[165,400,954,1008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F2E4FEBDFC63" authority="Adams" authorityName="Adams" box="[165,365,985,1008]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="circus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F2E4FEF4FC63" box="[165,292,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus circus</emphasis>
Adams
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F287FD6FFC63" box="[439,703,954,1008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">clads not provided Rare orthotriaenes, rhabd,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF287FC00FC63" box="[733,976,954,1008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxeas, 400–535.3–670 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF287FB6EFC63" box="[1006,1214,954,1008]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Round, 58–66.1–75 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF287FA35FC63" box="[1245,1509,954,1008]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Microxeas, 29–32.8–42 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF287F8FDFC63" box="[1547,1837,954,1008]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxyspherasters, 9–10–11</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF287F832FC63" box="[1869,2018,954,1008]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Coral Sea</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F2C0F832FB87" box="[165,2018,1021,1044]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F2C0FE40FB87" box="[165,400,1021,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Hooper, 2001</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F2C0FD6FFB87" box="[439,703,1021,1044]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">102–162.0–207 x 9–10–11,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF2C0FC00FB87" box="[733,976,1021,1044]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">3–4.5–8</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF2C0FB6EFB87" box="[1006,1214,1021,1044]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">10–12–14</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF2C0FA35FB87" box="[1245,1509,1021,1044]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">1–2.6–4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F51CF832FBAB" box="[165,2018,1057,1080]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F51CF832FBAB" box="[165,2018,1057,1080]" colspan="7" colspanRight="6" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">clad, 74–79.3–89 x</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F578F832FBEF" box="[165,2018,1093,1148]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F578FE40FBEF" box="[165,400,1093,1148]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F558FEB9FBEF" authority="Adams" authorityName="Adams" box="[165,361,1125,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F558FEF1FBEF" box="[165,289,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus citrus</emphasis>
Adams
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F578FD6FFBEF" box="[439,703,1093,1148]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">7–7.7–9 Orthotriaenes, rhabds,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF578FC00FBEF" box="[733,976,1093,1148]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxeas to strongylox-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF578FB6EFBEF" box="[1006,1214,1093,1148]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">“Lemon-shaped”,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF578FA35FBEF" box="[1245,1509,1093,1148]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Centrotylote microxeas,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF578F8FDFBEF" box="[1547,1837,1093,1148]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxyasters with microspined</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF578F832FBEF" box="[1869,2018,1093,1148]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Coral Sea</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F5B4F832FB33" box="[165,2018,1161,1184]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F5B4FE40FB33" box="[165,400,1161,1184]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Hooper, 2001</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F5B4FD6FFB33" box="[439,703,1161,1184]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">125–243.8–410 x 5–10.9-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF5B4FC00FB33" box="[733,976,1161,1184]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">eas, 226–531–670 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF5B4FB6EFB33" box="[1006,1214,1161,1184]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">81–115.3–140 x 55–</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF5B4FA35FB33" box="[1245,1509,1161,1184]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">35–47.4–63 x 2–2.5–4</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF5B4F8FDFB33" box="[1547,1837,1161,1184]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">tips, 48–73.2–106, small</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F590F832FB57" box="[165,2018,1197,1220]" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F590FD6FFB57" box="[439,703,1197,1220]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">16, clad, 168–347.8–474 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF590FC00FB57" box="[733,976,1197,1220]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">1–9.5–17</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF590FB6EFB57" box="[1006,1214,1197,1220]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">74.7–91 x 8–12–15</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF590F8FDFB57" box="[1547,1837,1197,1220]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">oxyasters with microspined</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F5ECF832FB7B" box="[165,2018,1233,1256]" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F5ECFD6FFB7B" box="[439,703,1233,1256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">4–10.3–20</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF5ECF8FDFB7B" box="[1547,1837,1233,1256]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">tips, 15–24.7–31, acanthoses</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F5C8F832FABF" box="[165,2018,1269,1324]" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F5C8FE40FABF" box="[165,400,1269,1324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F428FE5BFABF" authority="Wilson" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[165,395,1301,1324]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cornutus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F428FEEEFABF" box="[165,318,1301,1324]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus cornutus</emphasis>
Wilson
</taxonomicName>
,
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F5C8FD6FFABF" box="[439,703,1269,1324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Orthotriaenes, rhabd, 500</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF5C8FC00FABF" box="[733,976,1269,1324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Strongyles, 700–1750 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF5C8FB6EFABF" box="[1006,1214,1269,1324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">220 x 175 x 112</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF5C8FA35FABF" box="[1245,1509,1269,1324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Centrotylote microstron-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF5C8F8FDFABF" box="[1547,1837,1269,1324]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">oxyspherasters, 11–20.2–30 None</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF5C8F832FABF" box="[1869,2018,1269,1324]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Eastern Philip-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F404F832FAC3" box="[165,2018,1337,1360]" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F404FE40FAC3" box="[165,400,1337,1360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">1925</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F404FD6FFAC3" box="[439,703,1337,1360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">x 50, clad, 500 x 50/ray,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF404FC00FAC3" box="[733,976,1337,1360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">30–40, oxeas, 500–1200</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF404FA35FAC3" box="[1245,1509,1337,1360]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">gyles, 25–50 x 6</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF404F832FAC3" box="[1869,2018,1337,1360]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">pines</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F460F832FAE7" box="[165,2018,1373,1396]" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F460FD6FFAE7" box="[439,703,1373,1396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">occasionally one dichoto-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF460FC00FAE7" box="[733,976,1373,1396]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">x 12–25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F4BCF832FA2B" box="[165,2018,1409,1464]" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F4BCFE40FA2B" box="[165,400,1409,1464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F49CFE85FA2B" authorityName="Lindgren" authorityYear="1897" box="[165,341,1441,1464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="decumbens">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F49CFE85FA2B" box="[165,341,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus decumbens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lind-
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F4BCFD6FFA2B" box="[439,703,1409,1464]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">mous ray Orthotriaenes, rhabd, 420 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF4BCFC00FA2B" box="[733,976,1409,1464]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxeas, 800 x 24</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF4BCFB6EFA2B" box="[1006,1214,1409,1464]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">182 x 120 x 28</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF4BCFA35FA2B" box="[1245,1509,1409,1464]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Centrotylote microxeas,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF4BCF8FDFA2B" box="[1547,1837,1409,1464]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxyaster, 48, tylaster, 10</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF4BCF832FA2B" box="[1869,2018,1409,1464]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Java, Indonesia</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F4F8F832FA68" box="[165,2018,1477,1531]" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F4F8FE40FA68" box="[165,400,1477,1531]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
gren, 1897
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F4D9FE9DFA68" authorityName="Dickinson" authorityYear="1945" box="[165,333,1508,1531]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="discastera">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F4D9FE9DFA68" box="[165,333,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus discastera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F4F8FD6FFA68" box="[439,703,1477,1531]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">28, clad, 280 Orthotriaenes, size not</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF4F8FC00FA68" box="[733,976,1477,1531]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxeas, 600 x 20</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF4F8FB6EFA68" box="[1006,1214,1477,1531]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">240, sterraster(?) 9</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF4F8FA35FA68" box="[1245,1509,1477,1531]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">60 x 6 Microstrongyles, 60 x 3</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF4F8F8FDFA68" box="[1547,1837,1477,1531]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">None, the sterrasters are prob-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF4F8F832FA68" box="[1869,2018,1477,1531]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Gulf of Cali-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F735F832F98C" box="[165,2018,1544,1567]" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F735FE40F98C" box="[165,400,1544,1567]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA3FFBD57C4F735FE94F98C" author="Dickinson, M. G." box="[165,324,1544,1567]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref7463" refString="Dickinson, M. G. (1945) Sponges of the Gulf of California. In: Reports on the collections obtained by Alan Hancock Pacific Expeditions of Velero III off the coast of Mexico, Central America, South America, and Galapagos Islands in 1932, in 1933, in 1934, in 1935, in 1936, in 1937, in 1939, and 1940. The University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles, pp. 1 - 55, pls. 1 - 97." type="book chapter" year="1945">Dickinson, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F735FD6FF98C" box="[439,703,1544,1567]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">provided, plagiotriaenes</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF735FB6EF98C" box="[1006,1214,1544,1567]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">mentioned</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF735F8FDF98C" box="[1547,1837,1544,1567]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">ably oxyasters</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF735F832F98C" box="[1869,2018,1544,1567]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">fornia</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F711F832F9D0" box="[165,2018,1580,1603]" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F711F832F9D0" box="[165,2018,1580,1603]" colspan="7" colspanRight="6" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">and –diaenes, rhabd(?),</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F76DF832F914" box="[165,2018,1616,1671]" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F76DFE40F914" box="[165,400,1616,1671]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA3FFBD57C4F74DFE9EF914" authorityName="Kieschnick" authorityYear="1896" box="[165,334,1648,1671]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inaequalis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA3FFBD57C4F74DFE9EF914" box="[165,334,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Erylus inaequalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F76DFD6FF914" box="[439,703,1616,1671]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">2000 x 20 Plagiotriaenes, (dimen-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF76DFC00F914" box="[733,976,1616,1671]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxeas (dimensions not</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF76DFB6EF914" box="[1006,1214,1616,1671]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">“sterraster” (dimen-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF76DFA35F914" box="[1245,1509,1616,1671]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Centrotylote “microscleres</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF76DF8FDF914" box="[1547,1837,1616,1671]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Oxyasters (dimensions not</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044502CF76DF832F914" box="[1869,2018,1616,1671]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">Indonesia</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA3004457C4F7A9F832F938" box="[165,2018,1684,1707]" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004457C4F7A9FE40F938" box="[165,400,1684,1707]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA3FFBD57C4F7A9FE9FF938" author="Kieschnick, O." box="[165,335,1684,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref7746" refString="Kieschnick, O. (1896) Silicispongiae von Ternate nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (520), 526 - 534." type="journal article" year="1896">Kieschnick, 1896</bibRefCitation>
*
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004456D6F7A9FD6FF938" box="[439,703,1684,1707]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">sions not provided)</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004455BCF7A9FC00F938" box="[733,976,1684,1707]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">provided)</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044548FF7A9FB6EF938" box="[1006,1214,1684,1707]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">sions not provided)</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA3004453BCF7A9FA35F938" box="[1245,1509,1684,1707]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">(dimensions not provided)</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA30044516AF7A9F8FDF938" box="[1547,1837,1684,1707]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">provided)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA3FFBD51A2F788F83AF95F" blockId="6.[1731,2026,1717,1740]" box="[1731,2026,1717,1740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387">
<tableNote id="9D093714FFA3FFBD51A2F788F83AF95F" box="[1731,2026,1717,1740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="387" targetBox="[165,2018,499,1707]" targetPageId="6">......continued on the next page</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<caption id="34906612FFA2FFBC57C4F0E9FE5FFE78" box="[165,399,468,491]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[165,2022,503,1504]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA2FFBC57C4F0E9FE5FFE78" blockId="7.[165,399,468,491]" box="[165,399,468,491]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">TABLE 1. (Continued)</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA2FFBC57C4F0CAF906FA73" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<table id="12EFC43AFFA2004457C4F0CAF836FA73" box="[165,2022,503,1504]" colsContinueFrom="6.[165,2018,499,1707]" gridcols="7" gridrows="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F0CAF836FD9D" box="[165,2022,503,526]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F0CAFE40FD9D" box="[165,400,503,526]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F0CAFE8CFD9D" bold="true" box="[165,348,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Species, authority</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F0CAFD10FD9D" box="[439,704,503,526]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC56D6F0CAFDDFFD9D" bold="true" box="[439,527,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Triaenes</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF0CAFC1BFD9D" box="[733,971,503,526]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC55BCF0CAFC98FD9D" bold="true" box="[733,840,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Monaxons</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF0CAFB7EFD9D" box="[1006,1198,503,526]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC548FF0CAFBB6FD9D" bold="true" box="[1006,1126,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Aspidasters</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF0CAFA1FFD9D" box="[1245,1487,503,526]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC53BCF0CAFAB3FD9D" bold="true" box="[1245,1379,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Microrhabds</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF0CAF8FCFD9D" box="[1547,1836,503,526]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC516AF0CAF99CFD9D" bold="true" box="[1547,1612,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Asters</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF0CAF836FD9D" box="[1869,2022,503,526]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC502CF0CAF871FD9D" bold="true" box="[1869,1953,503,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Locality</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F326F836FDA1" box="[165,2022,539,562]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F326FE40FDA1" box="[165,400,539,562]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F326FE91FDA1" authorityName="Rho &amp; Sim" authorityYear="1979" box="[165,321,539,562]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="koreanus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F326FE91FDA1" box="[165,321,539,562]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus koreanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F326FD10FDA1" box="[439,704,539,562]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Orthotriaenes, rhabd(?),</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF326FC1BFDA1" box="[733,971,539,562]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxeas and styles, 700 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF326FB7EFDA1" box="[1006,1198,539,562]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">120–180</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF326FA1FFDA1" box="[1245,1487,539,562]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Centrotylote microstron-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF326F8FCFDA1" box="[1547,1836,539,562]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxyasters, 45–60</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF326F836FDA1" box="[1869,2022,539,562]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Jeju Island,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F302F836FDC5" box="[165,2022,575,598]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F302FE40FDC5" box="[165,400,575,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57C4F302FE9FFDC5" author="Rho, B. J. &amp; Sim, C. J." box="[165,335,575,598]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="125 - 133" refId="ref8267" refString="Rho, B. J. &amp; Sim, C. J. (1979) Three new species of Tetractinomorpha (Choristida, Hadromerida and Axinellida) from Jeju Island in Korea. Korean Journal of Zoology, 22 (3), 125 - 133." type="journal article" year="1979">Rho &amp; Sim, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F302FD10FDC5" box="[439,704,575,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">450–600 x 45</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF302FC1BFDC5" box="[733,971,575,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">15, strongyles, 1000–</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF302FA1FFDC5" box="[1245,1487,575,598]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">gyles, 30–45 x 7–9</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF302F836FDC5" box="[1869,2022,575,598]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Korea</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F35EF836FD0A" box="[165,2022,611,665]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F35EFE40FD0A" box="[165,400,611,665]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F3BFFEFBFD0A" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1900" box="[165,299,642,665]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F3BFFEFBFD0A" box="[165,299,642,665]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F35EFD10FD0A" box="[439,704,611,665]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Orthotriaenes, rhabd, 600 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF35EFC1BFD0A" box="[733,971,611,665]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">1300 x 30 Oxeas, almost 1000 x 30</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF35EFB7EFD0A" box="[1006,1198,611,665]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">190 x 90–100 x 40</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF35EFA1FFD0A" box="[1245,1487,611,665]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Centrotylote microstron-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF35EF8FCFD0A" box="[1547,1836,611,665]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxyaster, 40</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF35EF836FD0A" box="[1869,2022,611,665]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Indonesia</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F39BF836FD4E" box="[165,2022,678,733]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F39BFE40FD4E" box="[165,400,678,733]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57C4F39BFECFFD2E" author="Thiele, J." box="[165,287,678,701]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref8700" refString="Thiele, J. (1900) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, Frankfurt, 25, 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele, 1900</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F3FBFE40FD4E" authority="Levi" authorityName="Levi" box="[165,400,710,733]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="philippensis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F3FBFE8EFD4E" box="[165,350,710,733]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus philippensis</emphasis>
Lévi
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F39BFD10FD4E" box="[439,704,678,733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">40, clad, 250 Calthrops like triaenes,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF39BFC1BFD4E" box="[733,971,678,733]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxeas, 600–1300 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF39BFB7EFD4E" box="[1006,1198,678,733]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">220–240 x 120–140</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF39BFA1FFD4E" box="[1245,1487,678,733]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">gyles, 48 x 6 Centrotylote microxeas,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF39BF8FCFD4E" box="[1547,1836,678,733]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Microspined tylasters, 30–35</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF39BF836FD4E" box="[1869,2022,678,733]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Eastern Philip-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F3D7F836FC92" box="[165,2022,746,769]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F3D7FE40FC92" box="[165,400,746,769]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
&amp;
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57DFF3D7FEF6FC92" author="Levi, C. &amp; Levi, P." box="[190,294,746,769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="25 - 103" refId="ref8135" refString="Levi, C. &amp; Levi, P. (1989) Spongiaires (MUSORSTOM 1 &amp; 2). In: Forest, J. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 4. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Serie A, Zoologie, 143, pp. 25 - 103." type="journal article" year="1989">Lévi, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F3D7FD10FC92" box="[439,704,746,769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">rhabd, 300–550 x 40, clad,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF3D7FC1BFC92" box="[733,971,746,769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">20–25</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF3D7FA1FFC92" box="[1245,1487,746,769]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">20–80 x 4–7</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF3D7F836FC92" box="[1869,2022,746,769]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">pines</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F233F836FCD6" box="[165,2022,782,837]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F233FE40FCD6" box="[165,400,782,837]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F213FEEDFCD6" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1898" box="[165,317,814,837]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="placenta">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F213FEEDFCD6" box="[165,317,814,837]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus placenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F233FD10FCD6" box="[439,704,782,837]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">300–500 Orthotriaenes, rhabd, 500,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF233FC1BFCD6" box="[733,971,782,837]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxeas, 700–800 x 15</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF233FB7EFCD6" box="[1006,1198,782,837]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">170–200 x 80–90</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF233FA1FFCD6" box="[1245,1487,782,837]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Centrotylote microxeas,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF233F8FCFCD6" box="[1547,1836,782,837]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxyasters, 40–60, 3–6 rays,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF233F836FCD6" box="[1869,2022,782,837]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Kagoshima,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F26FF836FC1A" box="[165,2022,850,905]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F26FFE40FC1A" box="[165,400,850,905]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57C4F26FFECFFCFA" author="Thiele, J." box="[165,287,850,873]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref8645" refString="Thiele, J. (1898) Studien uber pazifische Spongien. I. Japanische Demospongien. Zoologica. Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Zoologie, Stuttgart, 24 (1), 1 - 72, pls. I-VIII. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 106767" type="journal article" year="1898">Thiele, 1898</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F24FFEEEFC1A" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1910" box="[165,318,882,905]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F24FFEEEFC1A" box="[165,318,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F26FFD10FC1A" box="[439,704,850,905]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">clad, 270 Orthotriaenes and plagio-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF26FFC1BFC1A" box="[733,971,850,905]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxeas &amp; strongyles,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF26FFB7EFC1A" box="[1006,1198,850,905]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">x 18 50–77 x 19–70 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF26FFA1FFC1A" box="[1245,1487,850,905]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">25–50 Centrotylote microxeas,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF26FF8FCFC1A" box="[1547,1836,850,905]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">spaerasters, 10 Microspined tylasters, 13–31,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF26FF836FC1A" box="[1869,2022,850,905]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Japan Hawaii</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F2ABF836FC3E" box="[165,2022,918,941]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F2ABFE40FC3E" box="[165,400,918,941]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57C4F2ABFE9FFC3E" author="Lendenfeld, R. von" box="[165,335,918,941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="261 - 324" refId="ref8001" refString="Lendenfeld, R. von (1910) The Sponges. 2. The Erylidae. In: Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ' Albatross', from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding, and of other Expeditions of the Albatross, 1888 - 1904. (21). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 41 (2), 261 - 324, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 85972" type="journal article" year="1910">Lendenfeld, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F2ABFD10FC3E" box="[439,704,918,941]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">triaenes, rhabds, 170–370 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF2ABFC1BFC3E" box="[733,971,918,941]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">310–650 x 6–15</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF2ABFB7EFC3E" box="[1006,1198,918,941]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">4.4–8.8</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF2ABFA1FFC3E" box="[1245,1487,918,941]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">30–98 x 1.5–7.5</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF2ABF8FCFC3E" box="[1547,1836,918,941]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">small oxyasters, 7.5–17</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F287F836FC62" box="[165,2022,954,1009]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F287FE40FC62" box="[165,400,954,1009]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F2E7FE83FC62" authorityName="Austin" authorityYear="1996" box="[165,339,986,1009]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmiederi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F2E7FE83FC62" box="[165,339,986,1009]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus schmiederi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F287FD10FC62" box="[439,704,954,1009]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">6–12, clads, 160–440 Orthotriaenes, rhabd,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF287FC1BFC62" box="[733,971,954,1009]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxeas, 740–1340 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF287FB7EFC62" box="[1006,1198,954,1009]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">65–125 x 53–73 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF287FA1FFC62" box="[1245,1487,954,1009]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Centrotylote microstron-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF287F8FCFC62" box="[1547,1836,954,1009]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Large oxyasters, 20–25, small</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF287F836FC62" box="[1869,2022,954,1009]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Mexico, Pacific</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F2C3F836FB86" box="[165,2022,1022,1045]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F2C3FE40FB86" box="[165,400,1022,1045]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57CAF2C3FEF7FB86" author="Austin, W. C." box="[171,295,1022,1045]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="237 - 256" refId="ref7030" refString="Austin, W. C. (1996) Sponges from Rocas Alijos. In: Schmieder, R. W. (Ed.), Rocas Alijos. Scientific Results from the Cordell Expeditions. Monographiae Biologicae. Vol. 75. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht / Boston / London, pp. 237 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2917 - 8 _ 17" type="book chapter" year="1996">Austin, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F2C3FD10FB86" box="[439,704,1022,1045]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">130–400 x 10–15, clad,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF2C3FC1BFB86" box="[733,971,1022,1045]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">19–25, rare strongyles</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF2C3FB7EFB86" box="[1006,1198,1022,1045]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">10–15</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF2C3FA1FFB86" box="[1245,1487,1022,1045]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">gyles, 30–50 x 1–4</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF2C3F8FCFB86" box="[1547,1836,1022,1045]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">oxyasters, 8–13</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF2C3F836FB86" box="[1869,2022,1022,1045]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Coast</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F51FF836FBAA" box="[165,2022,1058,1081]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F51FFD10FBAA" box="[439,704,1058,1081]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">200–660</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF51FFC1BFBAA" box="[733,971,1058,1081]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">and styles, 900–1550 x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F57BF836FBCE" box="[165,2022,1094,1117]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF57BFC1BFBCE" box="[733,971,1094,1117]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">14, dichotriaenes, rhabd,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F557F836FB12" box="[165,2022,1130,1153]" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF557FC1BFB12" box="[733,971,1130,1153]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">580–880 x 22–30, clad,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F5B3F836FB57" box="[165,2022,1166,1220]" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F5B3FE40FB57" box="[165,400,1166,1220]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F590FEF9FB57" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1910" box="[165,297,1197,1220]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sollasi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F590FEF9FB57" box="[165,297,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus sollasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F5B3FD10FB57" box="[439,704,1166,1220]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Ortho, plagio and dichot-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF5B3FC1BFB57" box="[733,971,1166,1220]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">65–140 x 22–30/ray Oxeas, strongyles and</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF5B3FB7EFB57" box="[1006,1198,1166,1220]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">95–156 x 55–82 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF5B3FA1FFB57" box="[1245,1487,1166,1220]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Centrotylote microxeas,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF5B3F8FCFB57" box="[1547,1836,1166,1220]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Microspined tylasters, 20–38</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF5B3F836FB57" box="[1869,2022,1166,1220]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Hawaii</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F5ECF836FB7B" box="[165,2022,1233,1256]" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F5ECFE40FB7B" box="[165,400,1233,1256]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57C4F5ECFE9FFB7B" author="Lendenfeld, R. von" box="[165,335,1233,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="261 - 324" refId="ref8001" refString="Lendenfeld, R. von (1910) The Sponges. 2. The Erylidae. In: Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ' Albatross', from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding, and of other Expeditions of the Albatross, 1888 - 1904. (21). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 41 (2), 261 - 324, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 85972" type="journal article" year="1910">Lendenfeld, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F5ECFD10FB7B" box="[439,704,1233,1256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">riaenes, rhabd, 210–520 x</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF5ECFC1BFB7B" box="[733,971,1233,1256]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">styles, 630–913 x 12–23</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF5ECFB7EFB7B" box="[1006,1198,1233,1256]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">7.4–14</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF5ECFA1FFB7B" box="[1245,1487,1233,1256]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">44–65 x 4.8–5.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F5C8F836FABF" box="[165,2022,1269,1324]" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<th id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004457C4F5C8FE40FABF" box="[165,400,1269,1324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC57C4F428FE9AFABF" authority="Lehnert &amp; Stone, 2019" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[165,330,1301,1324]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC57C4F428FE9AFABF" box="[165,330,1301,1324]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC5631F428FE57FABF" bold="true" box="[336,391,1301,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="49A857F3FFA2FFBC5631F428FE57FABF" box="[336,391,1301,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F5C8FD10FABF" box="[439,704,1269,1324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">8–22, « breadth », 160–550 Dichotriaenes, rhabd,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF5C8FC1BFABF" box="[733,971,1269,1324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxeas, rare styles</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF5C8FB7EFABF" box="[1006,1198,1269,1324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">150–205 x 135–170</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF5C8FA1FFABF" box="[1245,1487,1269,1324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Smooth microstrongyles,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF5C8F8FCFABF" box="[1547,1836,1269,1324]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Oxyasters, 82–116, often</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF5C8F836FABF" box="[1869,2022,1269,1324]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Emperor Sea-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F404F836FAC3" box="[165,2022,1337,1360]" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F404FD10FAC3" box="[439,704,1337,1360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">365–515 x 54–62, clad,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004455BCF404FC1BFAC3" box="[733,971,1337,1360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">825–1420 x 28–55</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044548FF404FB7EFAC3" box="[1006,1198,1337,1360]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">x 23–34</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004453BCF404FA1FFAC3" box="[1245,1487,1337,1360]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">13–58 x 4–6</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF404F8FCFAC3" box="[1547,1836,1337,1360]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">several rays reduced to forms</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF404F836FAC3" box="[1869,2022,1337,1360]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">mounts, North</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F460F836FAE7" box="[165,2022,1373,1396]" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F460FD10FAE7" box="[439,704,1373,1396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">184–435 x 25–35, Cal-</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF460F8FCFAE7" box="[1547,1836,1373,1396]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">resembling microtylostyles,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044502CF460F836FAE7" box="[1869,2022,1373,1396]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Pacific Ocean</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F4BCF836FA0B" box="[165,2022,1409,1432]" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F4BCFD10FA0B" box="[439,704,1409,1432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">throps-like orthotriaenes,</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF4BCF8FCFA0B" box="[1547,1836,1409,1432]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">the reduced microtylostyles</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F498F836FA2F" box="[165,2022,1445,1468]" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA2004456D6F498FD10FA2F" box="[439,704,1445,1468]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">495–602 x 38–61</td>
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF498F8FCFA2F" box="[1547,1836,1445,1468]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">measuring 42–58 x 5–7,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DEDF34D8FFA2004457C4F4F4F836FA73" box="[165,2022,1481,1504]" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="9D0E5DA4FFA20044516AF4F4F8FCFA73" box="[1547,1836,1481,1504]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">equivalent to one ray</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<tableNote id="9D093714FFA2FFBC57F6F4D4FE7FF924" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[165,2022,503,1504]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA2FFBC57F6F4D4F97DF9B4" blockId="7.[151,2039,1513,1719]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
*
<bibRefCitation id="047E4B6BFFA2FFBC57C0F4D4FEE0F990" author="Thiele, J." box="[161,304,1513,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" pagination="19 - 80" refId="ref8700" refString="Thiele, J. (1900) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. I. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, Frankfurt, 25, 19 - 80." type="journal article" year="1900">Thiele (1900</bibRefCitation>
, p.47–48) wrote: “Von einer Art hat Kieschnick eine Diagnose mit folgenden Worten gegeben (l. c., p. 530): … Ein Exemplar, worauf diese Beschreibung zuträfe, ist in der mir vorliegenden Sammlung Kükenthals nicht vorhanden, daher muss ich diese Diagnose Kieschnicks als offenbar irrtümlich einziehen“
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA2FFBC57F6F70CF92EF9D8" blockId="7.[151,2039,1513,1719]" box="[151,1790,1585,1611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Our translation: „Kieschnick gave a diagnosis of one species in the following words (l. c. p. 530): …(he here repeats Kieschnick´s text and then goes on):</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFA2FFBC57F6F768FE7FF924" blockId="7.[151,2039,1513,1719]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
“There is no specimen fitting to this description in Kükenthal´s collection, which I have before me, I therefore have to withdraw the diagnosis as obviously erroneous. Presumably he described the spicules of a really present species of
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC55BDF744FCF2F900" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[732,802,1657,1683]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC55BDF744FCF2F900" box="[732,802,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
together with another sponge, which will be proved in the following. The species should not be described so far and so I call it
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFA2FFBC5669F7A0FE4DF924" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1900" box="[264,413,1693,1719]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFA2FFBC5669F7A0FE4DF924" box="[264,413,1693,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Erylus nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.”
</paragraph>
</tableNote>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFADFFB357F6F1A4FD23FF44" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB357F6F1A4FE91FF20" box="[151,321,152,179]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="philippensis">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357F6F1A4FF7AFF20" bold="true" box="[151,170,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357D6F1A5FE91FF20" bold="true" box="[183,321,152,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">philippensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no dichotriaenes, monaxons that are solely oxeas, no auxiliary categories of styles, microrhabds that are microxeas, and asters that are tylasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFADFFB357F6F1DCFEB3FED0" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB357F6F1DCFECCFF68" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,284,224,251]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="placenta">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357F6F1DCFF7AFF68" bold="true" box="[151,170,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357DBF1DDFECCFF68" bold="true" box="[186,284,224,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">placenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has triaenes that are solely orthotriaenes, monaxons that are solely oxeas, no auxiliary categories of styles, microrhabds that are microxeas, and two categories of asters (both considerably smaller than in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB352E5F03BFE83FED0" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB352E5F03BFA45FE8C" box="[1412,1429,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB35782F017FE83FED0" box="[227,339,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFADFFB357F6F070FBE6FE3C" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB357F6F070FEF0FEF4" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,288,332,359]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357F6F070FF7AFEF4" bold="true" box="[151,170,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357D9F071FEF0FEF4" bold="true" box="[184,288,332,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no dichotriaenes, much smaller monaxons that are oxeas and strongyles, no auxiliary categories of styles, and microrhabds that are microxeas. There are two size categories of asters; one is a tylaster, the other an oxyaster with approximately 1/10
<superScript id="979A9BD2FFADFFB3551CF0A9FD5AFE31" attach="left" box="[637,650,404,418]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">th</superScript>
the diameter of those in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB354C1F0ABFBFFFE3C" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[928,1071,405,431]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB354C1F0ABFC61FE3C" box="[928,945,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB354DEF0ABFBFFFE3C" box="[959,1071,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFADFFB357F6F084FE06FD88" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB357F6F084FEE6FE40" authorityName="Austin" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,310,440,467]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmiederi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357F6F084FF7AFE40" bold="true" box="[151,170,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357D9F085FEE6FE40" bold="true" box="[184,310,440,467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">schmiederi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smaller orthotriaenes, monaxons that are considerably thinner, aspidasters that are only half the size, microstrongyles that are of a narrower size range, and two categories of oxyasters (both much smaller than in
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB35656F33FFE16FD88" authorityName="Lehnert &amp; Stone" authorityYear="2019" box="[311,454,513,539]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperator">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB35656F33FFE98FD88" box="[311,328,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB35637F33FFE16FD88" box="[342,454,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">imperator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6050369AFFADFFB357F6F318FCB9FDF0" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicName id="A7EF4D19FFADFFB357F6F318FED3FDAC" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,259,548,575]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sollasi">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357F6F318FF7AFDAC" bold="true" box="[151,170,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357DBF319FED3FDAC" bold="true" box="[186,259,548,575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">sollasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smaller triaenes, additional plagiotriaenes, smaller and thinner monaxons, smaller aspidasters, microrhabds that are microxeas, and asters that are tylasters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="28F56511FFADFFB357A6F3ACFADFFD38" box="[199,1295,657,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6050369AFFADFFB357A6F3ACFADFFD38" blockId="8.[199,1295,657,683]" box="[199,1295,657,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="529BEA88FFADFFB357A6F3ACFE9EFD38" bold="true" box="[199,334,657,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latin Imperator—emperor, referring to the
<typeStatus id="BF548838FFADFFB354C6F3ACFC07FD38" box="[935,983,657,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">type</typeStatus>
locality of the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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