261 lines
30 KiB
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261 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="172BCE8D2BCD2DECCA479DBADA48EC24" ID-DOI="10.3853/j.2201-4349.67.2015.1649" ID-ISSN="2201-4349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4676764" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617989464582" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Sadlier, Ross A., Bauer, Aaron M., Shea, Glenn M. & Smith, Sarah A." docDate="2015" docId="E82C87DDFFBCFFCB0603716DCD8FF988" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.67.7.207-224.pdf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum 67 (7)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.67.2015.1649" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6.2:RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6" docStyleName="RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Caesoris Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith 2015, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="221" masterDocId="1415FFA5FFB1FFC50716771ECC50FF90" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic Resolution to the Problem of Polyphyly in the New Caledonian Scincid Lizard Genus Lioscincus (Squamata: Scincidae)" masterLastPageNumber="224" masterPageNumber="207" pageNumber="220" updateTime="1698904442053" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="478E2293F8FA2D2519C7006371B17ABE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0E3333982D5288F1F7CFAE405D58C77F">
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<mods:title id="340C9E6C0BA174FB256FC9E22BCD5054">Taxonomic Resolution to the Problem of Polyphyly in the New Caledonian Scincid Lizard Genus Lioscincus (Squamata: Scincidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9E99C1DA1BD9E481AD97A4B3BAD8DDD">Sadlier, Ross A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A428288BD21DBB301139D611A0498067">Bauer, Aaron M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="2AC1D0F249AD4F1ABF630BF695D24B24" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4C4B8485FB7CE67E19B292F5A7444BFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6C371AD9B09002DA59457B0E31E05374">Shea, Glenn M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E34EF42F369DDF9C1FE7C9E55D19871B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="691898E095A8B462C55A3D87D9DC3917">Smith, Sarah A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5710E70E04D66E1B049F6135A7874A92">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="94A283B61E1BAC24E9609AD1EDCCC261">Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ECA1FCE54DA19F4A46E91FC6C3F47ABC">
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<mods:date id="7B471CCBA28C1EFF8F301AFAB405B31C">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B9E267114E9236318F353B3975DFFB06" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="5DD54D2DDF1A0A1797B824F08F6458D9">2015-12-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="089DD896ECA693AE70A75151A2B5E593">67</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="561A655141536DED093AA927B2913783" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="781EB6594FAB69161B266738916E58E6">7</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="917D4115016F435DD8FF5B03F9159CB4">207</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="389BC200D9B3F6ACA250D67BA2869100">http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.67.2015.1649</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="72153C1C5329B930989649BF92DE1603">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1FB990089846D8F998E25E14AE217E43" type="DOI">10.3853/j.2201-4349.67.2015.1649</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1A88CE5E6FE83F1EACAFCAFE786FCB86" type="ISSN">2201-4349</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="826CA8EEB7B9F98FD89DD80030D09D9F" type="Zenodo-Dep">4676764</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E82C87DDFFBCFFCB0603716DCD8FF988" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677053" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4677053" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E82C87DDFFBCFFCB0603716DCD8FF988" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E82C87DDFFBCFFCB0603716DCD8FF988" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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<subSubSection id="289F6540FFBCFFC80603716DCE00F91D" box="[277,592,1651,1678]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBCFFC80603716DCE00F91D" blockId="13.[277,592,1651,1678]" box="[277,592,1651,1678]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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<heading id="3B7281A7FFBCFFC80603716DCE00F91D" box="[277,592,1651,1678]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBCFFC80603716DCE00F91D" bold="true" box="[277,592,1651,1678]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBCFFC80678716DCD88F91D" authority="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith, 2015" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[366,472,1651,1677]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBCFFC80678716DCD88F91D" bold="true" box="[366,472,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">Caesoris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="49C257A2FFBCFFC806F6716DCE00F91D" box="[480,592,1651,1678]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="289F6540FFBCFFC8076F71BDCD85F948" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBCFFC8076F71BDCD85F948" blockId="13.[121,749,1698,1752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBCFFC8076F71BDCD5AF92A" bold="true" box="[121,266,1698,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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<typeStatus id="BF3E8869FFBCFFC8076F71BDCCE1F92B" box="[121,177,1699,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBCFFC8060A71BDCD53F948" authority="Parker, 1926" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1926" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novaecaledoniae" subGenus="Leiolopisma">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBCFFC8060A71BDCEBDF92A" box="[284,749,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">Lygosoma (Leiolopisma) novaecaledoniae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="04144B3AFFBCFFC8076F71DECD53F948" author="Parker, H" box="[121,259,1728,1752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" pagination="493 - 495" refId="ref13981" refString="Parker, H. W. 1926. A new lizard from New Caledonia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18 (9): 493 - 495. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932608633546" type="journal article" year="1926">Parker, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, designated hereby.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="289F6540FFBCFFCB076F71F4CEF0FD4F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBCFFC8076F71F4CEBEF8AD" blockId="13.[121,750,1770,1853]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBCFFC8076F71F4CCBDF892" bold="true" box="[121,237,1770,1794]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Maximum SVL
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<quantity id="A77D9B2EFFBCFFC806AB71F4CE5EF892" box="[445,526,1770,1794]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 mm</quantity>
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with a moderately elongate body, well developed limbs and digits, and relatively long tail (maximum tail length c. 200% of SVL).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBCFFC8076F704CC92DF8C9" blockId="13.[119,749,1874,2016]" lastBlockId="13.[792,1422,1652,1882]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBCFFC8076F704CCCB2F8FA" box="[121,226,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">Scalation</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="F8BE2A4EFFBCFFC807E3704CCD6EF8FB" box="[245,318,1874,1899]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[187,250,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[197,1347,158,1479]" captionTargetId="figure-91@13.[188,1353,151,1491]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Head scalation for Caesoris novaecaledoniae (adapted from Sadlier, 1987) showing the relatively plesiomorphic configuration of the majority of head scales except for the fused frontoparietal scales (FP) and single enlarged tertiary temporal scale (TT), compared to the plesiomorphic condition of paired frontoparietals seen in Epibator (Fig. 4) and two tertiary temporal scales seen inEpibator (see figure 4), Phasmasaurus (see figure 5) and Caesoris novaecaledoniae (Fig. 6)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4676792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4676792/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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): *no distinct supranasal; nasal scale lacking a prominent postnasal suture; frontonasal slightly broader than long; prefrontals large; frontal longer than broad; supraoculars four; *frontoparietals fused; interparietal distinct; parietals each bordered by a single nuchal and upper secondary temporal scale; primary temporal single; lower secondary temporal single; *tertiary temporals fused to form a single scale; nasals widely separated; supraciliaries usually seven; upper labials usually seven with the fifth subocular and contacting the lower eyelid; postmental contacting first and second lower labial; chinshields three, first pair in broad contact, all in contact laterally with the lower labial scales; *body scales with three moderately strong keels dorsally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBCFFC8040C7070C9D1F84E" blockId="13.[794,1421,1902,2014]" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBCFFC8040C7070CFD6F816" box="[794,902,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="220">Osteology</emphasis>
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: premaxillary teeth 11; *atlantal arches of first cervical vertebrae fused to intercentrum; 29 presacral vertebrae; phalangeal formula for the manus of 2.3.4.5.3 and for the pes of 2.3.4.5.4; two pairs of mesosternal ribs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBFFFCB07B07786CDA9FF20" blockId="14.[166,505,152,176]" box="[166,505,152,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07B07786CD24FF20" box="[166,372,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Reproductive mode</emphasis>
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: egg laying.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBFFFCB07B077DBCED5FF4D" blockId="14.[166,645,197,221]" box="[166,645,197,221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07B077DBCDABFF4D" box="[166,507,197,221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Mouth lining and tongue colour</emphasis>
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: *deep blue.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBFFFCB07B077ECCEF0FD4F" blockId="14.[166,796,242,736]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">
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The suite of apomorphic character states identified above will distinguish
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB0644760ECDE1FEB7" authority="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith, 2015" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[338,433,272,295]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB0644760ECDE1FEB7" box="[338,433,272,295]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="49C257A2FFBFFFCB06A1760ECE49FEB7" box="[439,537,272,296]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from all other genera in the
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB07D87633CD1CFED5" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[206,332,301,325]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Eugongylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07D87633CD1CFED5" box="[206,332,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Eugongylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group of skinks, including the new genera described here. In particular, the exceptionally bright blue mouth colour of
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB06477676CDFFFEEF" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[337,431,360,383]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB06477676CDFFFEEF" box="[337,431,360,383]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is unique within the endemic New Caledonian skink radiation. The presence of a single large tertiary temporal scale will also serve to distinguish
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB05AA76BDCF4AFE2A" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[700,794,419,442]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB05AA76BDCF4AFE2A" box="[700,794,419,442]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from most other New Caledonian skink genera which have two tertiary temporal scales, except for
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB054876C3CEABFE65" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[606,763,477,501]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Phasmasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB054876C3CEABFE65" box="[606,763,477,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Phasmasaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(a single enlarged tertiary temporal scale occurs in most
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB041076E5CCA3FDBF" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Phasmasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maruia">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB041076E5CCA3FDBF" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">P. maruia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB06387506CDF0FDBF" authorityName="Bocage (Bauer & Sadlier" authorityYear="1993" box="[302,416,536,559]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lioscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB06387506CDF0FDBF" box="[302,416,536,559]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Lioscincus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(a single enlarged tertiary temporal scale occurs in c. 50% of
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB06A17528CE5BFDDD" box="[439,523,566,589]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lioscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vivae">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB06A17528CE5BFDDD" box="[439,523,566,589]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">L. vivae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). The species also has an unusual toe morphology in the context of the
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB0588754CCF4CFDFA" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[670,796,594,618]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Eugongylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB0588754CCF4CFDFA" box="[670,796,594,618]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Eugongylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group of skinks in which the basal lamellae of each toe are broadened laterally compared to those on the distal part of the toe (
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<figureCitation id="F8BE2A4EFFBFFFCB061775B4CD12FD52" box="[257,322,682,706]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[839,902,789,811]" captionTargetBox="[843,1467,151,776]" captionTargetId="figure-114@14.[843,1467,151,776]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Underside of the (a) manus and (b) pes of Caesoris novaecaledoniae (AMS R.90454 SVL 61 mm) showing the broad basal lamellae of all digits and markedly narrower terminal on the distal-most part of each digit, extending to approximately the junction of the 3rd and 4th plalange on the 4th toe of the pes, compared to the lamellae of the (c) manus and (d) pes of Epibator nigrofasciolatus (AMS R.177492 SVL 64 mm), also an arboreal species, which are only moderately broad basally and only extend to approximately the junction of the 1st and 2nd plalange on the 4th toe of the pes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4676796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4676796/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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), resembling the condition seen in some of the arboreal geckos in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB051275D6CECAFD70" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1827" box="[516,666,712,736]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB051275D6CECAFD70" box="[516,666,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Cyrtodactylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="289F6540FFBFFFCB07B075EBCD8FF988" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBFFFCB07B075EBCD23FCF5" blockId="14.[166,795,757,869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07B075EBCD71FC9D" bold="true" box="[166,289,757,781]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Etymology</emphasis>
|
|
. Derived from the Latin for blue (
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB058275E8CEB3FC9D" box="[660,739,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">caesius</emphasis>
|
|
) and mouth (
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07ED740DCD74FCBA" box="[251,292,787,810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">oris</emphasis>
|
|
), in reference to the unique blue mouth colour of the
|
|
<typeStatus id="BF3E8869FFBFFFCB07FC742ECD48FCD8" box="[234,280,816,840]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species. Gender of name based on “oris”, neuter (see Brown, 1956).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="34FA6643FFBFFFCB0451740BCFA5FB8B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4676796" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4676796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4676796/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" startId="14.[839,902,789,811]" targetBox="[843,1467,151,776]" targetPageId="14">
|
|
<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBFFFCB0451740BCFA5FB8B" blockId="14.[839,1468,789,1051]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">
|
|
Figure 8. Underside of the
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB034B7408C829FCBB" box="[1117,1145,790,811]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">(a)</emphasis>
|
|
manus and
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB03E1740BC944FCBA" box="[1271,1300,789,810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">(b)</emphasis>
|
|
pes of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB02727408CFBAFCD5" baseAuthorityName="Parker" baseAuthorityYear="1926" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="novaecaledoniae">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB02727408CFBAFCD5" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris novaecaledoniae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(AMS R.90454 SVL 61 mm) showing the broad basal lamellae of all digits and markedly narrower terminal on the distal-most part of each digit, extending to approximately the junction of the 3rd and 4th plalange on the 4th toe of the pes, compared to the lamellae of the
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB036E7485C8C3FC20" box="[1144,1171,923,944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">(c)</emphasis>
|
|
manus and
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB02127485C970FC20" box="[1284,1312,923,944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">(d)</emphasis>
|
|
pes of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB02737485CFB2FC5A" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Epibator" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigrofasciolatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB02737485CFB2FC5A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Epibator nigrofasciolatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(AMS R.177492 SVL 64 mm), also an arboreal species, which are only moderately broad basally and only extend to approximately the junction of the 1st and 2nd plalange on the 4th toe of the pes.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBFFFCB07B07464CF5FFA80" blockId="14.[164,794,890,1560]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07B07464CD8DFC02" bold="true" box="[166,477,890,914]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Intergeneric relationships</emphasis>
|
|
. The study by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="04144B3AFFBFFFCB05877464CCBDFC20" author="Smith, S & Sadlier, A & Bauer, C" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" pagination="1151 - 1166" refId="ref15694" refString="Smith, S. A., R. A. Sadlier, A. M. Bauer, C. C. Austin, and T. Jackman. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of the scincid lizards of New Caledonia and adjacent areas: evidence for a single origin of the endemic skinks of Tasmantis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43: 1151 - 1166. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2007.02.007" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
|
Smith
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB05C87465CF42FC02" box="[734,786,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (2007)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
was unable to identify any close relationship of the single species in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB067174ABCD96FC5C" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[359,454,949,972]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB067174ABCD96FC5C" box="[359,454,949,972]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to any other genus within the Tasmantis group of skinks. In this scheme of relationships the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB07C474EECD62FB97" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[210,306,1008,1031]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07C474EECD62FB97" box="[210,306,1008,1031]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
lineage lies outside a well-supported clade of most other endemic New Caledonian skink genera (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB07B97335CD16FBD2" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1872" box="[175,326,1067,1090]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Nannoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07B97335CD16FBD2" box="[175,326,1067,1090]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Nannoscincus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB064C7335CD9EFBD2" authorityName="Bocage (Bauer & Sadlier" authorityYear="1993" box="[346,462,1067,1090]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lioscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB064C7335CD9EFBD2" box="[346,462,1067,1090]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Lioscincus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group +
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB052D7334CE81FBD2" authorityName="Greer" authorityYear="1974" box="[571,721,1066,1090]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Phoboscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB052D7334CE81FBD2" box="[571,721,1066,1090]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Phoboscincus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group +
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB07D67356CD24FBF0" box="[192,372,1096,1120]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caledoniscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07D67356CD24FBF0" box="[192,372,1096,1120]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caledoniscincus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group), as does the New Caledonian
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB07B1737BCD13FBED" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[167,323,1125,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Phasmasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07B1737BCD13FBED" box="[167,323,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Phasmasaurus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
lineage and the lineage that includes the
|
|
<collectingCountry id="1892765BFFBFFFCB05FE737BCCACFB0A" name="New Zealand" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
|
and Norfolk/Lord Howe Island genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB0588739CCF43FB0A" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1857" box="[670,787,1154,1178]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Oligosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB0588739CCF43FB0A" box="[670,787,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Oligosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The most recent molecular phylogeny of
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="04144B3AFFBFFFCB054573BECF49FB28" author="Ineich, I., R" box="[595,793,1184,1208]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref13789" refString="Ineich, I., R. A. Sadlier, A. M. Bauer, T. R. Jackman, and S. A. Smith. 2014. Bocourt's terrific skink, Phoboscincus bocourti (Brocchi, 1876), and the monophyly of the genus Phoboscincus Greer, 1974. In Zoologia Neocaledonica 8, ed. E. Guilbert, T. Robillard, H. Jourdan, and P. Grandcolas. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 206: 69 - 78." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
|
Ineich
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB058F73BECE96FB28" box="[665,710,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (2014)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
placed
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB07E673A3CD1EFB44" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[240,334,1213,1236]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07E673A3CD1EFB44" box="[240,334,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as the sister to all other taxa in the Tasmantis Clade (= the endemic New Caledonian and
|
|
<collectingCountry id="1892765BFFBFFFCB059173C5CF48FB62" box="[647,792,1242,1266]" name="New Zealand" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
|
skinks combined), but with no support for this placement.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="603A36CBFFBFFFCB07D3720BCD8FF988" blockId="14.[164,794,890,1560]" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">
|
|
Among the morphological apomorphies that diagnose
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB07B0722DCD55FADA" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[166,261,1331,1354]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB07B0722DCD55FADA" box="[166,261,1331,1354]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, a single broad tertiary temporal scale and blue mouth lining and tongue are unique to the genus within the context of the taxa included in the endemic New Caledonian skink fauna. These two characters, in combination with a broader suite of apomorphies, serve to diagnose
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7854D48FFBFFFCB05AD72B6CF4AFA2F" authorityName="Sadlier & Bauer & Shea & Smith" authorityYear="2015" box="[699,794,1448,1471]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Caesoris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="221" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52F1EAD9FFBFFFCB05AD72B6CF4AFA2F" box="[699,794,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="221">Caesoris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from all other genera of skinks in the Tasmantis group, and support its recognition as a distinct evolutionary lineage as indicated by the genetic data.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |