1530 lines
117 KiB
XML
1530 lines
117 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1145-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" ID-ZooBank="830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1145-1" checkinTime="1675506069289" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hedin, Marshal & Milne, Marc A." docDate="2023" docId="E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1145: 1-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1145" docPubDate="2023-02-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" docTitle="Nesticus reclusus Gertsch 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" masterDocTitle="New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1675506069289" updateUser="pensoft">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Hedin, Marshal</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 - 4614, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mhedin@sdsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Milne, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-0161</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46227, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2023-02-03</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>1145</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>130</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1145-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomy">
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="478YV" ID-ENA="60735" LSID="E7FFDFD6-708E-5564-8033-33A8644B285A" authority="Gertsch, 1984" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">Nesticus reclusus Gertsch, 1984</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. northeastern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps, ventral view (* except for G) A Tennessee, Sevier Co., Wear Cove, Myhr Cave, MCH 01 _ 182 (* right palp, inverted in Photoshop) B Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Lower Baskins Creek C Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441, N of Newfound Gap D Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Elkmont Area, MCH 00 _ 144 E North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, south of Clingman's Dome, near Forney Ridge parking area F North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Andrew's Bald (male holotype, AMNH) G North Carolina, Swain Co., Cheoah Dam along Cheoah Reservoir (MCH 07 _ 116), dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 63A-G</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. southwestern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B) North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (G). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., S of Tatham Gap, MCH 04 _ 058, dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Swain Co., Nantahala River Gorge, Nantahala River Gorge, across from Talc Mountain quarry, dorsal (K). North Carolina, Macon Co., S Wayah Bald, MCH 02 _ 169, dorsal (L). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 64A-L</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 65" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figure 65. northeastern Nesticus reclusus epigynal variation. North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, south of Clingman's Dome, vicinity Forney Ridge parking area, MCH specimen # 1973, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, N of Smokemont Campground turnoff, MCH specimen # N 1019, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Noland Creek at Laurel Branch, MCH specimen # N 1051, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804516" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 65A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 66. southwestern Nesticus reclusus epigynal variation. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, MCH specimen # N 1160, ventral (G), dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Macon Co., Ball Road, SE of Beechertown, MCH 04 _ 072, ventral (K). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804517" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 66A-K</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">Nesticus reclusus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gertsch, 1984: 29, figs 75-78, 109-111.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">Nesticus cooperi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gertsch, 1984: 30, figs 132-134, 144-146. syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Northeastern locations: Type material:
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1992-08-14" collectingDateMax="2012-10-21" collectingDateMin="1992-08-14" collectorName="W. M. Barrows, Great Smoky Mountains NP, M. Hedin, N Bryson City, E Thomas Ridge, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas, Laurel Branch, Fontana Road, Cheoah Reservoir, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian, J. Cokendolpher, B. Dellinger, J. Bond, F. Coyle, S. Cameron, Wear Cove, W. Reeves, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" location="Great Smoky Mountains National Park" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" specimenCount="35" specimenCount-female="23" specimenCount-male="12" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="North Carolina">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Swain Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrew’s">Andrew's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bald
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:847B4798CC797EB407E0D74DB95C3DB5" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains National Park" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains National Park</location>
|
||
; no date given;
|
||
<collectorName>W.M. Barrows</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; AMNH;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:58535FFBFBBD17A4BC48375BE818F492" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Non" stateProvince="North Carolina">Non</location>
|
||
type material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="North Carolina">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:6E8F3C330C163D6DA37974321B4A3D6B" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Swain Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Swain Co.</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">8♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:212F5F2A1ABB454D26CF89BBD792CB53" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:EFE34AD7D951A7B35E0EBBD94F40FBDF" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Clingman's Dome" stateProvince="North Carolina">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Clingman’s">Clingman's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Dome
|
||
</location>
|
||
, vicinity
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:5F1F0CA4E9B88511485A0CE86F8D9A93" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Forney Ridge" stateProvince="North Carolina">Forney Ridge</location>
|
||
parking area;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.5558" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.5558">35.5558°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.496" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-83.496">83.496°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1992-08-20">20 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:C88C776D6E60A0436F1F30D893068220" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:0946F0A0BAC17BB16943D70711C7C3E2" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Deep Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Deep Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Deep Creek">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" unit="mi" value="0.25">0.25 mi.</quantity>
|
||
above Deep Creek
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
CG,
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
N
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:A0A5FF73BFF4D17C7F42C20C5C55FD54" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Bryson City" stateProvince="North Carolina">Bryson City</location>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.4644" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4644">35.4644°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.4344" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.4344">83.4344°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1992-08-14">14 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 imm;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:F09A2E58B987024C73075A007A1BDA81" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:E6CF480CBF14519528B53314A8DC7383" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
||
441
|
||
<collectorName>E Thomas Ridge</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Smokemont">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02998016" unit="mi" value="6.4">6.4 mi.</quantity>
|
||
N Smokemont
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
CG turnoff;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="35.6">35.6°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.4091" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.4091">83.4091°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2005-08-26">26 Aug. 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 05_091; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:64158AEE3733D96D9FA7676476AD3AB5" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:3DD4167AB8BD0B425553A0640440901F" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Noland Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Noland Creek</location>
|
||
at
|
||
<collectorName>Laurel Branch</collectorName>
|
||
, off
|
||
<collectorName>Fontana Road</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Bryson City">W of Bryson City</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.4582" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4582">35.4582°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.5293" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.5293">83.5293°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2005-08-26">26 Aug. 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 05_093; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:B3879822AF8E560DCDEF4164298BC63E" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
||
129,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Cheoah Dam">NE of Cheoah Dam</locationDeviation>
|
||
along
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:A87015D31A3C25D498E951E6FB257337" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Cheoah" stateProvince="North Carolina">Cheoah</location>
|
||
Reservoir
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.4554" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4554">35.4554°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.9254" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.9254">83.9254°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-17">17 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 07_116; -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Tennessee">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:E016A5DDEE5DE38DB99F8BE4AAD8510C" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Sevier Co." stateProvince="North Carolina">Sevier Co.</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:E23CED1E215DE7C8E6EF4F34F23EAE6A" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:09575D92FC0B759E9676309C227C8925" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Elkmont Area" stateProvince="North Carolina">Elkmont Area</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6536" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.6536">35.6536°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.5802" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.5802">83.5802°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-07-31">31 Jul. 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Cokendolpher</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 00_144; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:94BE68BA3F4BCECF42AB68629859DA7F" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:66122A6FB897451ECD24894BB05464BC" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
||
441
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Newfound Gap">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" unit="mi" value="0.8">0.8 mi.</quantity>
|
||
N Newfound Gap
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.62" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="35.62">35.62°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.4197" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.4197">83.4197°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1992-08-20">20 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:579E7A1A3546D84048B0A6626A7570BC" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:D7A8D1654BC072F0D91E6304B9EE6182" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Lower Baskins Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Lower Baskins Creek</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6957" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.6957">35.6957°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.4823" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.4823">83.4823°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
|
||
leg; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:AAFC10D9320F350BB0C955F600DDD2F0" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
|
||
NP
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, N side of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:671EDC04D17A6BBC8659AD8D74BA2024" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Mt Buckley" stateProvince="North Carolina">Mt Buckley</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Clingman's Dome">
|
||
W of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Clingman’s">Clingman's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Dome
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.5626" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.5626">35.5626°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.5058" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.5058">83.5058°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2012-10-21">21 Oct. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Bond</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>F. Coyle</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Cameron</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 12_039; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>Wear Cove</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:5AEF101B771DE417274020351C3FAD2A" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Myhr Cave" stateProvince="North Carolina">Myhr Cave</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-08-02">2 Aug. 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Cokendolpher</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>W. Reeves</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 00_148; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>Wear Cove</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:3AC5B929E9A427B20DE6E9CEC3D22703" country="USA" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.5626" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5058" municipality="Andrew's Bald" name="Myhr Cave" stateProvince="North Carolina">Myhr Cave</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2001-08-29">29 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 01_182.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Southwestern locations</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1979-05-17" collectorName="P. T. Hertl, S. P. Plantani, C. O. Holler" country="USA" county="Swain County" location="Nantahala" municipality="Lost Nantahala Cave" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="North Carolina">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty>Swain County</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Lost Nantahala Cave</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:A73C84C3322F4A3A978FFBE698AE8706" country="USA" county="Swain County" municipality="Lost Nantahala Cave" name="Nantahala" stateProvince="North Carolina">Nantahala</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1979-05-17">17 May. 1979</collectingDate>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName>P.T. Hertl</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S.P. Plantani</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>C.O. Holler</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. -
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-15" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian" country="Georgia" county="Gilmer Co." latitude="34.7811" location="Rich Mountain Wilderness" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-84.3339" municipality="Rock Creek Road" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Georgia">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Gilmer Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Rock Creek Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, N of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:0A3E09BAC23A0ADEEC9FE15101C3943E" country="Georgia" county="Gilmer Co." latitude="34.7811" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-84.3339" municipality="Rock Creek Road" name="Rich Mountain Wilderness">Rich Mountain Wilderness</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Cherry Log">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi.</quantity>
|
||
E Cherry Log
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
at
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:9803340B77AD630950FF7D8E37788CAF" country="Georgia" county="Gilmer Co." latitude="34.7811" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-84.3339" municipality="Rock Creek Road" name="Hwy">Hwy</location>
|
||
76;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.7811" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.7811">34.7811°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="84.3339" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-84.3339">84.3339°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-15">15 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-21" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="Georgia" county="Towns Co." latitude="34.8593" location="Brasstown Bald" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8008" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="12" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 07_102; -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Georgia">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Towns Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">12♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 imm; 180 spur to
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:1A31339C77F98F33924042E7E73E4490" country="Georgia" county="Towns Co." latitude="34.8593" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8008" name="Brasstown Bald">Brasstown Bald</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.8593" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.8593">34.8593°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.8008" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.8008">83.8008°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-21">21 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-15" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian" country="United States of America" latitude="34.8593" location="Brasstown Bald" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8008" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_147; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; 180 spur to
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:EAD551C6FE046E04B2327ACAA835D0F5" country="United States of America" latitude="34.8593" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8008" name="Brasstown Bald">Brasstown Bald</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.8593" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.8593">34.8593°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.8008" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.8008">83.8008°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-15">15 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; MCH 07_104; -
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas" country="United States of America" county="Cherokee Co." latitude="35.2152" location="Beaver Creek" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8327" municipality="Beaver Creek Road" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Cherokee Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Beaver Creek Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, along
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:912EC4E2BEB90D5B7EEA8869008A43B7" country="United States of America" county="Cherokee Co." latitude="35.2152" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8327" municipality="Beaver Creek Road" name="Beaver Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Beaver Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Andrews">N of Andrews</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2152" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2152">35.2152°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.8327" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.8327">83.8327°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-08-18">18 Aug. 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas" country="United States of America" latitude="35.176" location="Junaluska Creek" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-83.768" municipality="Junaluska Road" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 04_057; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Junaluska Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
along
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:09CDA6BF675037A5709D7D7FA594B117" country="United States of America" latitude="35.176" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-83.768" municipality="Junaluska Road" name="Junaluska Creek">Junaluska Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Andrews">SE of Andrews</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.176" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.176">35.176°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.768" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-83.768">83.768°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-08-18">18 Aug. 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian" country="United States of America" latitude="35.176" location="Junaluska Creek" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-83.768" municipality="Junaluska Road" specimenCount="♂" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 04_059; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Junaluska Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
along
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:4E04E2B0E7BBFF09EE01B829B5F1EF29" country="United States of America" latitude="35.176" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-83.768" municipality="Junaluska Road" name="Junaluska Creek">Junaluska Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Andrews">SE of Andrews</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.176" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.176">35.176°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.768" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-83.768">83.768°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-18">18 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2495" location="Andrews" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8154" municipality="Tatham Gap Road" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 07_122; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 2 imm;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Tatham Gap Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Tatham Gap">S of Tatham Gap</locationDeviation>
|
||
, N of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:BC1679FC07704B90E4BF23BBB416DAB8" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2495" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8154" municipality="Tatham Gap Road" name="Andrews">Andrews</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2495" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2495">35.2495°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.8154" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.8154">83.8154°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-08-18">18 Aug. 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-08-19" collectorName="M. Hedin, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2312" location="Hwy" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7204" municipality="Watkins Creek Road" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 04_058; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Watkins Creek Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, off
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:896F63992241F1F8761641A27E6B8EA7" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2312" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7204" municipality="Watkins Creek Road" name="Hwy">Hwy</location>
|
||
19,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Topton">SW of Topton</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2312" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2312">35.2312°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.7204" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.7204">83.7204°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-08-19">19 Aug. 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; MCH 04_066; -
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-21" collectorName="NE Omphus Ridge, M. Hedin, F. Coyle, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" county="Clay Co." latitude="35.1099" location="Fires Creek" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8267" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="8" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Clay Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">8♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 imm; along
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:18461B856ED6B885B6BAA0A370036DA0" country="United States of America" county="Clay Co." latitude="35.1099" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8267" name="Fires Creek" stateProvince="North Carolina">Fires Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>NE Omphus Ridge</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.1099" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.1099">35.1099°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.8267" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.8267">83.8267°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-21">21 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>F. Coyle</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-21" collectorName="M. Hedin, F. Coyle, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" county="Tusquitee Mountains" latitude="35.1467" location="Long Branch" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7618" municipality="Fires Creek" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_145; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCounty>Tusquitee Mountains</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Fires Creek</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:92A7FF19341C8C23A905B169A6641A90" country="United States of America" county="Tusquitee Mountains" latitude="35.1467" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7618" municipality="Fires Creek" name="Long Branch">Long Branch</location>
|
||
, just up from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:B5B3BE1BA438E186709BA526B6C65A8B" country="United States of America" county="Tusquitee Mountains" latitude="35.1467" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7618" municipality="Fires Creek" name="Short Branch">Short Branch</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.1467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.1467">35.1467°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.7618" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.7618">83.7618°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-21">21 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>F. Coyle</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; MCH 02_144; -
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-28" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" county="Graham Co." latitude="35.353" location="Cheoah Mountains" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.7187" municipality="Hwy" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-female="13" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Graham Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">13♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 11 imm;
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Stecoah Gap on Appalachian Trail">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" unit="mi" value="0.25">0.25 mi.</quantity>
|
||
S Stecoah Gap on Appalachian Trail
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, off
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Hwy</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
143,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:BFA8DA726C435C019BB5850AB1FCFF22" country="United States of America" county="Graham Co." latitude="35.353" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.7187" municipality="Hwy" name="Cheoah Mountains" stateProvince="North Carolina">Cheoah Mountains</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Cheoah">NE of Cheoah</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.353" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.353">35.353°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.7187" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.7187">83.7187°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-28">28 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-28" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3677" location="Cook Branch" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6272" municipality="Panther Creek" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_165; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">8♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 7 imm; along
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Panther Creek</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
at
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:0ADBEB79CE4CAD0F3A92DE91446933A1" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3677" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6272" municipality="Panther Creek" name="Cook Branch">Cook Branch</location>
|
||
confluence,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Grassy Gap">N of Grassy Gap</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.3677" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.3677">35.3677°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6272" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6272">83.6272°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-28">28 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3158" location="Franks Creek Road" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7361" municipality="Franks Creek" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_167; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Franks Creek</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, along
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:96B44274AEB16EF9D14EE37281825BF6" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3158" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7361" municipality="Franks Creek" name="Franks Creek Road">Franks Creek Road</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Sweetgum">E of Sweetgum</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.3158" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.3158">35.3158°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.7361" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.7361">83.7361°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-18">18 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-28" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" latitude="35.4234" location="Cable Cove" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7514" municipality="Hwy" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 07_121; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 imm;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Hwy</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
28,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" unit="mi" value="0.6">0.6 mi.</quantity>
|
||
E entrance to
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:B3F22B1CC598AECAB9781BB5E1BC2E88" country="United States of America" latitude="35.4234" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7514" municipality="Hwy" name="Cable Cove">Cable Cove</location>
|
||
campground;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.4234" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4234">35.4234°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.7514" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.7514">83.7514°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-28">28 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian" country="United States of America" latitude="35.4387" location="Yellow Creek Mountains" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8122" municipality="Hwy" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_166; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Hwy</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
28,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Fontana Village">ENE of Fontana Village</locationDeviation>
|
||
, N side
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:AD3BC31FEA01E36517A861260A9ECF42" country="United States of America" latitude="35.4387" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8122" municipality="Hwy" name="Yellow Creek Mountains">Yellow Creek Mountains</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.4387" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4387">35.4387°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.8122" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.8122">83.8122°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-18">18 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3683" location="Panther Creek" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6267" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 07_120; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:9AD8671618F7BDEBD5240A8A515A5F0B" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3683" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6267" name="Panther Creek">Panther Creek</location>
|
||
, FT 405;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.3683" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.3683">35.3683°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6267" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6267">83.6267°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-18">18 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-27" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" county="Snowbird Mountains" latitude="35.2579" location="Long Creek" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8196" municipality="Tatham Gap" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="8" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 07_119; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">8♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 4 imm;
|
||
<collectingCounty>Snowbird Mountains</collectingCounty>
|
||
, N
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Tatham Gap</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, head of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:7BABD99595355F5990F53018FC618021" country="United States of America" county="Snowbird Mountains" latitude="35.2579" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.8196" municipality="Tatham Gap" name="Long Creek">Long Creek</location>
|
||
on FR 423;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2579" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2579">35.2579°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.8196" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.8196">83.8196°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-27">27 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1991-07-18" collectorName="B. Dellinger" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3546" location="Cheoah Mountains" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7186" specimenCount="♂" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_162; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; south of Stecoah Gap on Appalachian Trail,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:623DFF5B03EC0738DCA7E313B3F30C7D" country="United States of America" latitude="35.3546" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.7186" name="Cheoah Mountains">Cheoah Mountains</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Cheoah">NE of Cheoah</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.3546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.3546">35.3546°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.7186" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.7186">83.7186°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1991-07-18">18 Jul. 1991</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; -
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-30" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" county="Macon Co." latitude="35.2687" location="Ball Road" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6672" specimenCount="29" specimenCount-female="29" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Macon Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">29♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 10 imm;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:0ACEE5733BAA3F9F04EC0A6C8078410C" country="United States of America" county="Macon Co." latitude="35.2687" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6672" name="Ball Road" stateProvince="North Carolina">Ball Road</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Beechertown">SE of Beechertown</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2687" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2687">35.2687°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6672" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6672">83.6672°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-30">30 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-08-21" collectorName="M. Hedin, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2687" location="Ball Road" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6672" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_172; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:0AF53680F833F462ECFB6C47EEBA1846" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2687" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6672" name="Ball Road">Ball Road</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Beechertown">SE of Beechertown</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2687" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2687">35.2687°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6672" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6672">83.6672°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-08-21">21 Aug. 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-18" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. McCormack, S. Derkarabetian" country="United States of America" latitude="35.1587" location="Jarrett Creek" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6349" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 04_072; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:99E5DB3B47E9382DBF49A7DAE8DF85B8" country="United States of America" latitude="35.1587" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6349" name="Jarrett Creek">Jarrett Creek</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Wayah Gap">W of Wayah Gap</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.1587" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.1587">35.1587°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6349" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6349">83.6349°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-08-18">18 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. McCormack</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Derkarabetian</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-05-01" collectorName="B. Dellinger" country="United States of America" latitude="35.1777" location="Wine Spring Creek" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6302" municipality="Jarrett Bald" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 07_123; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; just N
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Jarrett Bald</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, above
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:7FD3E79104E66D798A1E542FCD29448A" country="United States of America" latitude="35.1777" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6302" municipality="Jarrett Bald" name="Wine Spring Creek">Wine Spring Creek</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.1777" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.1777">35.1777°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6302" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6302">83.6302°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1993-05-01">1 May. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; •
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1992-08-10" collectorName="M. Hedin" country="United States of America" county="Nantahala River Gorge" latitude="35.2613" location="Wayah Road" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6608" municipality="Ball Road" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="6" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCounty>Nantahala River Gorge</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Hwy">SE of Hwy</locationDeviation>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-74.316666">74 19W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, on
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ball Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(also called
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:89CD65BAF2E14D655B1F378E3D72F273" country="United States of America" county="Nantahala River Gorge" latitude="35.2613" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6608" municipality="Ball Road" name="Wayah Road">Wayah Road</location>
|
||
);
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2613" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2613">35.2613°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6608" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6608">83.6608°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1992-08-10">10 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; •
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2001-08-29" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" latitude="35.278" location="Patton's Run Overlook" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-83.681" municipality="Nantahala River Gorge" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Nantahala River Gorge</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, vicinity
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:A894D78E1D625004B71BE3819B71BC22" country="United States of America" latitude="35.278" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-83.681" municipality="Nantahala River Gorge" name="Patton's Run Overlook">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Patton’s">Patton's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Run Overlook
|
||
</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.278" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.278">35.278°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.681" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-83.681">83.681°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2001-08-29">29 Aug. 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-30" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2185" location="Ben Creek" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5639" municipality="Burnington Gap" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 01_183; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 8 imm; S
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Burnington Gap</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, head of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:3C7ED15575103014B3A567F1146B3CEC" country="United States of America" latitude="35.2185" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5639" municipality="Burnington Gap" name="Ben Creek">Ben Creek</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.2185" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.2185">35.2185°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.5639" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.5639">83.5639°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-30">30 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-08-30" collectorName="M. Hedin, M. Lowder, P. Paquin" country="United States of America" latitude="35.1559" location="Wayah Bald" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5512" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_170; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 12 imm; S of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:3D636C9CE12C2F59E74FA0137A01AFBB" country="United States of America" latitude="35.1559" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.5512" name="Wayah Bald">Wayah Bald</location>
|
||
on FR 388,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Wayah Road">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4484096" unit="mi" value="0.9">0.9 mi.</quantity>
|
||
S Wayah Road
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.1559" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.1559">35.1559°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.5512" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.5512">83.5512°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-08-30">30 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Lowder</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-03-25" collectorName="B. Dellinger" country="United States of America" county="Wine Spring Creek" latitude="35.1913" location="Wayah Bald Road" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6381" municipality="Nantahala Lake" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MCH 02_169; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCounty>Wine Spring Creek</collectingCounty>
|
||
, E
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Nantahala Lake</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
off
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:9F6DC99EF28B89A22185EA3CE5D5708A" country="United States of America" county="Wine Spring Creek" latitude="35.1913" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6381" municipality="Nantahala Lake" name="Wayah Bald Road">Wayah Bald Road</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Aquone">S of Aquone</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.1913" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.1913">35.1913°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6381" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6381">83.6381°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1993-03-25">25 Mar. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; -
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1994-04-18" collectorName="M. Hedin" country="United States of America" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.3307" location="Hwy" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6272" municipality="Nantahala River Gorge" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Swain Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Nantahala River Gorge</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Blowing Spring">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" unit="mi" value="0.25">0.25 mi.</quantity>
|
||
downstream from Blowing Spring
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:9B49692FA09C0A84D9F35590AE73F038" country="United States of America" county="Swain Co." latitude="35.3307" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.6272" municipality="Nantahala River Gorge" name="Hwy" stateProvince="North Carolina">Hwy</location>
|
||
19W;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.3307" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.3307">35.3307°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6272" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6272">83.6272°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1994-04-18">18 Apr. 1994</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; •
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-04-08" collectorName="B. Dellinger" country="United States of America" county="Nantahala River Gorge" latitude="35.312" location="Hwy" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.6406" municipality="River" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCounty>Nantahala River Gorge</collectingCounty>
|
||
, E side of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
along
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:23EF9F2E36984CB22ABCEAB19290770E" country="United States of America" county="Nantahala River Gorge" latitude="35.312" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.6406" municipality="River" name="Hwy">Hwy</location>
|
||
19W, across from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7FFDFD6708E5564803333A8644B285A:373276472350182769753DDB7B5B3C3B" country="United States of America" county="Nantahala River Gorge" latitude="35.312" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.6406" municipality="River" name="Talc Mountain">Talc Mountain</location>
|
||
quarry,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Hewitt">NE of Hewitt</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.312" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.312">35.312°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83.6406" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.6406">83.6406°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1993-04-08">8 Apr. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Male palps of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are easily distinguished from close phylogenetic relatives
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. stupkai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stupkai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. stupkai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. bishopi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bishopi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. bishopi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the distal tegular apophysis is shaped differently and has a blunt or forked tip, the space separating the distal from basal parts of the tegular apophysis is itself wide, and the median apophysis is shaped differently, with a spatulate basal end and a blade-like distal tip (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. northeastern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps, ventral view (* except for G) A Tennessee, Sevier Co., Wear Cove, Myhr Cave, MCH 01 _ 182 (* right palp, inverted in Photoshop) B Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Lower Baskins Creek C Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441, N of Newfound Gap D Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Elkmont Area, MCH 00 _ 144 E North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, south of Clingman's Dome, near Forney Ridge parking area F North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Andrew's Bald (male holotype, AMNH) G North Carolina, Swain Co., Cheoah Dam along Cheoah Reservoir (MCH 07 _ 116), dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63A-G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. southwestern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B) North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (G). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., S of Tatham Gap, MCH 04 _ 058, dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Swain Co., Nantahala River Gorge, Nantahala River Gorge, across from Talc Mountain quarry, dorsal (K). North Carolina, Macon Co., S Wayah Bald, MCH 02 _ 169, dorsal (L). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64A-L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females of these three species are challenging to diagnose; see comments above regarding the orientation of the dorsal epigynal plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 64" startId="F64">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 64.</emphasis>
|
||
southwestern
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ palps. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02_165, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
) North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07_120, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07_102, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04_057, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., S of Tatham Gap, MCH 04_058, dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02_144, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Swain Co., Nantahala River Gorge, Nantahala River Gorge, across from Talc Mountain quarry, dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Macon Co., S Wayah Bald, MCH 02_169, dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
We here discuss and distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations as
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“northeastern”">"northeastern"</normalizedToken>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“southwestern”">"southwestern"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, separated by the Little Tennessee River, including the Little Tennessee River Gorge and Fontana Lake (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
). The type locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in the northeast, at
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andrew’s">Andrew's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bald in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Southwestern populations surround and include the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Nantahala River Gorge. We hypothesize that the Little Tennessee River might act as a dispersal barrier and promote divergence, although as discussed below combined evidence does not support this hypothesis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In the northeast we examined males from seven locations in addition to the type locality, noting minimal palpal variation (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. northeastern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps, ventral view (* except for G) A Tennessee, Sevier Co., Wear Cove, Myhr Cave, MCH 01 _ 182 (* right palp, inverted in Photoshop) B Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Lower Baskins Creek C Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441, N of Newfound Gap D Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Elkmont Area, MCH 00 _ 144 E North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, south of Clingman's Dome, near Forney Ridge parking area F North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Andrew's Bald (male holotype, AMNH) G North Carolina, Swain Co., Cheoah Dam along Cheoah Reservoir (MCH 07 _ 116), dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63A-G</figureCitation>
|
||
). One male from Lower Baskins Creek possessed a palp with a translucent bladelike paradistal process slightly wider at the base, and mostly lacking a ventromedial paracymbial process. Females from the northeast have conspicuously dark spermathecae and (viewed dorsally) the dorsal-projecting internal anterior plates are well sclerotized (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 65" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figure 65. northeastern Nesticus reclusus epigynal variation. North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, south of Clingman's Dome, vicinity Forney Ridge parking area, MCH specimen # 1973, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, N of Smokemont Campground turnoff, MCH specimen # N 1019, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Noland Creek at Laurel Branch, MCH specimen # N 1051, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804516" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">65A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804516" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 65" startId="F65">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 65.</emphasis>
|
||
northeastern
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
epigynal variation. North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, south of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Clingman’s">Clingman's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Dome, vicinity Forney Ridge parking area, MCH specimen #1973, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, N of Smokemont Campground turnoff, MCH specimen #N1019, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Noland Creek at Laurel Branch, MCH specimen #N1051, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In the southwest we examined males from eighteen separate locations. All southwestern males approximated character conditions seen in northeastern males for all but one character. Males from eight locations possessed a paracymbium with the paradistal process lacking (and distomedial process moving towards the edge; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. southwestern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B) North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (G). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., S of Tatham Gap, MCH 04 _ 058, dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Swain Co., Nantahala River Gorge, Nantahala River Gorge, across from Talc Mountain quarry, dorsal (K). North Carolina, Macon Co., S Wayah Bald, MCH 02 _ 169, dorsal (L). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64I-L</figureCitation>
|
||
), like the condition seen in type
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 91" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" refId="B12" refString="Gertsch, WJ, 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1 - 91, http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" title="The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" volume="31" year="1984">Gertsch 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 132-134). These locations included Fires Creek (MCH 02_144, MCH 02_145), Ben Creek (MCH 02_170), Wayah Bald (02_169), Ball Road (MCH 04_072), Panther Creek (02_167, 07_119), Junaluska Road (MCH 04_059, MCH 07_122) and Nantahala River Gorge (1993 collection, very near the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). These locations are geographically contiguous, found mostly along the western flanks of the Nantahala Mountains including the Nantahala River Gorge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Females from southwestern populations vary slightly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 66. southwestern Nesticus reclusus epigynal variation. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, MCH specimen # N 1160, ventral (G), dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Macon Co., Ball Road, SE of Beechertown, MCH 04 _ 072, ventral (K). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804517" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">66A-K</figureCitation>
|
||
), but those from sample locations with "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like" males (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 66. southwestern Nesticus reclusus epigynal variation. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, MCH specimen # N 1160, ventral (G), dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Macon Co., Ball Road, SE of Beechertown, MCH 04 _ 072, ventral (K). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804517" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">66I-K</figureCitation>
|
||
) are not obviously different from other populations. That is, we could not discern a distinctive "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like" female morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804517" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 66" startId="F66">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 66.</emphasis>
|
||
southwestern
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
epigynal variation. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02_165, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07_120, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04_057, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07_102, MCH specimen #N1160, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02_144, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
). North Carolina, Macon Co., Ball Road, SE of Beechertown, MCH 04_072, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This relatively wide-ranging montane species occurs from the northern side of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, southwestward across the Little Tennessee River to the Yellow Creek, Cheoah, Snowbird, Nantahala, Valley River, and Tusquitee Mountains (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two conspicuously disjunct populations occur even further south, in northern Georgia at Brasstown Bald and Rock Creek Road (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
). We comment more on the Rock Creek Road specimens below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
We hypothesize that the geographic gap north and northeast of Fontana Lake in the Great Smoky Mountains is an artifact of poor sampling, as this region is mostly roadless (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
). As such, northeastern vs. southwestern populations should be approximately contiguous, except for the river barrier itself. This differs from the situation in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus bishopi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bishopi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus bishopi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
versus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. stupkai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stupkai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. stupkai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where we view the geographic disjunction as real (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
As an example of natural history, at Ball Road (MCH 02_172) a team collected 29 females and ten immatures in a 30-minute devoted survey from beneath rocks in a south-facing boulderfield. As mentioned above,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(♂, 4♀) was found in syntopy with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. lowderi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lowderi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. lowderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(3♂, 5♀) at Fires Creek (MCH 02_144).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
See comments above regarding the unlikely
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 91" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" refId="B12" refString="Gertsch, WJ, 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1 - 91, http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" title="The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" volume="31" year="1984">Gertsch (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
record of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from "
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McDowell County, Montreat</emphasis>
|
||
". Despite extensive collections we have never found members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group from east of the Asheville Basin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 91" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" refId="B12" refString="Gertsch, WJ, 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1 - 91, http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" title="The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" volume="31" year="1984">Gertsch (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described both
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, distinguishing males by the shape of the basal tegular apophysis and the shape / presence of a paradistal paracymbial process (Gertsch referred to this as a dorsal process; see our comments above). Importantly, although Gertsch examined many records for montane
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, he only had
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from two adjacent Nantahala River Gorge populations. Our geographic sampling has greatly expanded the distribution for southwestern
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including many locations surrounding the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. With this greater sampling we found that male morphology varies slightly with geography, particularly in the presence of the paradistal paracymbial process. We could not discern the shape differences in the basal tegular apophysis that
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 91" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" refId="B12" refString="Gertsch, WJ, 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1 - 91, http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" title="The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29952" volume="31" year="1984">Gertsch (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. northeastern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps, ventral view (* except for G) A Tennessee, Sevier Co., Wear Cove, Myhr Cave, MCH 01 _ 182 (* right palp, inverted in Photoshop) B Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Lower Baskins Creek C Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441, N of Newfound Gap D Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Elkmont Area, MCH 00 _ 144 E North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, south of Clingman's Dome, near Forney Ridge parking area F North Carolina, Swain Co., Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Andrew's Bald (male holotype, AMNH) G North Carolina, Swain Co., Cheoah Dam along Cheoah Reservoir (MCH 07 _ 116), dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. southwestern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B) North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (G). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., S of Tatham Gap, MCH 04 _ 058, dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Swain Co., Nantahala River Gorge, Nantahala River Gorge, across from Talc Mountain quarry, dorsal (K). North Carolina, Macon Co., S Wayah Bald, MCH 02 _ 169, dorsal (L). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64</figureCitation>
|
||
). From a morphological perspective we view this as a single species with a relatively broad montane distribution, with minor male morphological variation across this distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Nuclear phylogenomic data is mostly consistent with this single species hypothesis, except for the southern disjunct Rock Creek Road population, further discussed below. Only one "
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like" population was sampled for nuclear data (Nantahala River Gorge) and is embedded within a paraphyletic grade including both northeastern and other southwestern
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. UCE concatenated maximum likelihood tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Node numbers correspond to bootstrap (bold text) / gCF / sCF. Only bootstrap values below 100 shown, all others 100. gCF and sCF values rounded to nearest integer; sCF values below 38 highlighted with red text." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. UCE ASTRAL species tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Included are quartet support values (rounded to nearest integer), and local posterior probability values (if less than 1.0, red text). Branch lengths in coalescent units for internal branches only, terminal branch lengths arbitrary. Internal branch to Nesticus cressleri truncated for graphical purposes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The nuclear data within this complex are notable for many low gene and site CF values, and low local posterior probability values (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. UCE concatenated maximum likelihood tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Node numbers correspond to bootstrap (bold text) / gCF / sCF. Only bootstrap values below 100 shown, all others 100. gCF and sCF values rounded to nearest integer; sCF values below 38 highlighted with red text." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. UCE ASTRAL species tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Included are quartet support values (rounded to nearest integer), and local posterior probability values (if less than 1.0, red text). Branch lengths in coalescent units for internal branches only, terminal branch lengths arbitrary. Internal branch to Nesticus cressleri truncated for graphical purposes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||
), suggesting extensive gene tree discordance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The mitochondrial evidence is similarly challenging to interpret in this complex, as mitochondrial data do not support the larger
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group as monophyletic, and species interrelationships diverge strongly from that suggested by the nuclear data (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. COI IQT gene tree. Distant outgroups trimmed. Specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Sequences from UCE capture denoted with " NODE ". Populations with a " Nesticus cooperi - like " male paracymbium denoted by small circles. Not all tip bootstrap values shown (see Suppl. material 4 for. tre file with all bootstrap values)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Within
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
itself Noland and Clingmans sequences are recovered with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. stupkai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stupkai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. stupkai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequences, separate from Smokemont and Newfound sequences. We hypothesize that this discordance is a result of mitochondrial introgression from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. stupkai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stupkai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. stupkai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into certain
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations, where these taxa occur in geographic proximity. For example, sympatry in Myhr Cave is a potential conduit for mitochondrial gene exchange. Six sampled locations with a "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. cooperi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like" paracymbium do not form a clade on mitochondrial trees (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. COI IQT gene tree. Distant outgroups trimmed. Specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Sequences from UCE capture denoted with " NODE ". Populations with a " Nesticus cooperi - like " male paracymbium denoted by small circles. Not all tip bootstrap values shown (see Suppl. material 4 for. tre file with all bootstrap values)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The southern disjunct Rock Creek Road sample (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. A distribution of Nesticus reclusus group species B distribution of Nesticus jonesi. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions. The geographic distribution of " N. cooperi - like " populations is circled; this includes some female-only locations which are inside this distribution and included here only for purposes of graphical convenience." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
) adds further intrigue to this complex. Mitochondrial sequences are highly divergent, falling with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus sheari" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sheari">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus sheari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. COI IQT gene tree. Distant outgroups trimmed. Specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Sequences from UCE capture denoted with " NODE ". Populations with a " Nesticus cooperi - like " male paracymbium denoted by small circles. Not all tip bootstrap values shown (see Suppl. material 4 for. tre file with all bootstrap values)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804457" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
|
||
), while nuclear sequences are sister to a clade including
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. stupkai" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stupkai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. stupkai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. bishopi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bishopi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. bishopi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and remaining
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. UCE concatenated maximum likelihood tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Node numbers correspond to bootstrap (bold text) / gCF / sCF. Only bootstrap values below 100 shown, all others 100. gCF and sCF values rounded to nearest integer; sCF values below 38 highlighted with red text." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. UCE ASTRAL species tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Included are quartet support values (rounded to nearest integer), and local posterior probability values (if less than 1.0, red text). Branch lengths in coalescent units for internal branches only, terminal branch lengths arbitrary. Internal branch to Nesticus cressleri truncated for graphical purposes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). At the same time, males from this location possess unremarkable palps, identical in detail to other southwestern
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. reclusus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reclusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. reclusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
palps (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. southwestern Nesticus reclusus ♂ palps. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B) North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, ventral (E), dorsal (F). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (G). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., S of Tatham Gap, MCH 04 _ 058, dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Swain Co., Nantahala River Gorge, Nantahala River Gorge, across from Talc Mountain quarry, dorsal (K). North Carolina, Macon Co., S Wayah Bald, MCH 02 _ 169, dorsal (L). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), and females are similarly morphologically unremarkable (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 66. southwestern Nesticus reclusus epigynal variation. North Carolina, Graham Co., Appalachian Trail, S of Stecoah Gap, MCH 02 _ 165, ventral (A), dorsal (B). North Carolina, Graham Co., ENE of Fontana Village, MCH 07 _ 120, ventral (C), dorsal (D). North Carolina, Cherokee Co., Beaver Creek Road, MCH 04 _ 057, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Georgia, Gilmer Co., Rock Creek Road, N of Rich Mountain Wilderness, MCH 07 _ 102, MCH specimen # N 1160, ventral (G), dorsal (H). North Carolina, Clay Co., Tusquitee Mountains, Long Branch of Fires Creek, MCH 02 _ 144, ventral (I), dorsal (J). North Carolina, Macon Co., Ball Road, SE of Beechertown, MCH 04 _ 072, ventral (K). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804517" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">66G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). We suspect that gene flow across species boundaries (perhaps involving
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. sheari" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sheari">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. sheari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?) might be impacting results in this part of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1869" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
phylogeny. More geographic and UCE sampling in this geographic region will be needed to resolve this tricky taxonomic issue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |