166 lines
14 KiB
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166 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3b857f7-25c1-4b21-9d39-4510ab675fca" ID-PMC="PMC7655787" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-983-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" ID-PubMed="33244289" ID-ZooBank="7DED4CE2934C4539945F758930C927F9" ModsDocID="1313-2970-983-1" checkinTime="1604475085656" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. & Cognato, Anthony I." docDate="2020" docId="E5AFB93D18906455560934745E40912C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 983: 1-442" docOrigin="ZooKeys 983" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" docTitle="Xylosandrus spinifer Smith & Beaver & Cognato 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="78CB095F-9A93-4BD6-B2C7-94B20F507A31" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169715782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Sarah M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-3736</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">camptocerus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>161 / 2 Mu 5, Soi Wat Pranon, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai 50180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cognato, Anthony I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>983</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>442</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-983-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7DED4CE2934C4539945F758930C927F9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168754499" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:78CB095F-9A93-4BD6-B2C7-94B20F507A31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5AFB93D18906455560934745E40912C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/78CB095F-9A93-4BD6-B2C7-94B20F507A31" authority="Smith & Beaver & Cognato, 2020" authorityName="Smith & Beaver & Cognato" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus spinifer" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer" status="sp. nov.">Xylosandrus spinifer</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 97" captionStartId="F97" captionText="Figure 97. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Xylosandrus spinifer holotype, 3.3 mm (A, B, G), X. subsimiliformis holotype, 2.45 - 3.0 mm (C, D, H), and X. subsimilis, 2.5 - 2.9 mm (E, F, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.983.52630.figure97" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/470897" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 97A, B, G</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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, female, Thailand: SE Chanthaburi, 45 m, 25-30.iv.1958 (BPBM).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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, female, China: Hong Kong, Tai Po Kau, vi.2017, J. Skelton, P. Carlson, Y. Li, J Hulcr, uffeID: 31231 (UFFE, 1), uffeID: 31217 (UFFE, 2); Vietnam: N, (Na Hang), 160 km NNW Hanoi, NE env. of Na Hang, 150-200 m NN, 03-13.vi.1996, A. Napolov, I. Roma (RABC, 1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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3.3 mm long (n = 1); 2.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. This species is unique among all
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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because of the unmistakable pair of very large spines on the declivital summit and a flat antennal club, type 4, with three sutures visible on the posterior face.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith & Beaver & Cognato" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus spinifer" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus spinifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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superficially resembles
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulcr & Cognato" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diuncus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diuncus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diuncus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. but can be differentiated by the following characteristics: base of the pronotum has an elongate patch of dense punctures bearing a tuft of setae; anterior margin of pronotum evenly rounded, asperities just above the margin are of equal size, rather than with a median, larger pair; procoxae separated; and posterolateral margin carinate and granulate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="similar species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Similar species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulcr & Cognato" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diuncus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diuncus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diuncus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(female).</emphasis>
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3.3 mm long (n = 1); 2.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. Head, pronotum and elytral disc light red-brown, declivity dark red-brown, antennae and legs light brown.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
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: epistoma entire, transverse, with a row of hair-like setae. Frons weakly convex to upper level of eyes; median carina present; surface shagreened, impunctate, alutaceous, asperate; asperities longitudinal, larger, denser above epistoma, decreasing in density and height dorsally, becoming more weakly raised and sparse by upper level of eyes. Eyes very shallowly emarginate just above antennal insertion, upper part smaller than lower part. Submentum narrow, triangular, slightly impressed. Antennal scape regularly thick, approximately as long as club. Pedicel as wide as scape, shorter than funicle. Funicle 4-segmented, segment 1 as long as pedicel. Club longer than wide, flattened, type 4; segment 1 corneous, small, convex; segment 2 larger than segment 1, narrow, transverse, corneous; segments 1-3 present on posterior face.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pronotum</emphasis>
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: 0.97
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. In dorsal view rounded, type 1, sides parallel in basal 1/2, rounded anteriorly; anterior margin with a row of serrations. In lateral view basic, type 0, disc flat, summit at midpoint. Anterior slope with densely spaced, moderate asperities, becoming lower and more strongly transverse towards summit, bearing long, fine, erect hair-like setae, some longer hair-like setae at anterior and lateral margins. Disc shiny, alutaceous with very dense, fine punctures, glabrous. Lateral margins obliquely costate. Base transverse, posterior angles broadly rounded. Mycangial tuft present along basal margin and basal median 1/2 of disc along median line, tuft broad, dense, approximately the width of scutellum.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Elytra</emphasis>
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: 1.31
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, 1.39
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as pronotum. Scutellum moderately sized, linguiform, flush with elytra, flat, shiny. Elytral base transverse, edge oblique, humeral angles rounded, parallel-sided in basal 3/4, then broadly rounded to apex. Disc shiny, striae not impressed, seriate; interstriae impunctate, moderately setose, setae semi-erect, hair-like. Declivity sharply distinct from disc, declivital summit armed by large denticles on interstriae 1, 2, 4, and 5 and a very large spine on interstriae 3, its apex incurved; interstrial punctures replaced by uniseriate denticles, each denticle bearing a long, erect hair-like seta equal in length to width of distance between interstriae 1 and 3; six striae present, striae 1 impressed at declivital summit, strial punctures larger, deeper than those of disc. Posterolateral margin carinate, granulate to interstriae 7.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
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: procoxae moderately separated; prosternal coxal piece tall, pointed. Protibiae distinctly triangular, broadest at apical 1/4; posterior face smooth; outer margin of apical 1/3 with five large socketed denticles, their length much longer than basal width; apical mucro prominent, strongly incurved. Meso- and metatibiae flattened, outer margins evenly rounded with nine and 12 small, similarly sized, socketed denticles, their length no longer than basal width, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">China (Hong Kong), Thailand, Vietnam.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plants.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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L.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">spinifer</emphasis>
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= thorn-bearing. In reference to the spines on the declivity which are atypical for the genus. A noun in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.983.52630.figure97" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/470897" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 97" startId="F97">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 97.</emphasis>
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Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith & Beaver & Cognato" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus spinifer" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus spinifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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holotype, 3.3 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B, G</emphasis>
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),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. subsimiliformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="subsimiliformis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. subsimiliformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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holotype, 2.45-3.0 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D, H</emphasis>
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), and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. subsimilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="subsimilis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. subsimilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 2.5-2.9 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F, I</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |