343 lines
42 KiB
XML
343 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="897208F1C27AE781939EDF5D43D9BA76">Descriptions of four species of Polyxenida Verhoeff, 1934 (Diplopoda, Penicillata) from China, including one new species and one new record</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1BB17691BC57B7A8B56D5D1858B93E70">Wang, Yadong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5A8FCA1F5D25311AB413511A87C8C897">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China & School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="54B4CBC31D29C25197795E4F39D8E857">Jin, Ai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="38A241B2F6AB8D86E5ED5D73E843438E">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D0594B313A6F51BEBC887CDA5574EB06">Gao, Shichen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BD0837961513ABB03E9362D6D024E186">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China & School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4CC99CFFBDFD0E15773EE17AA8EE130D">Wang, Jiajia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F1942BA730BB4E2E71A952EF9C64DB36">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C1D807A0DE09E2334BE531DAA0501BED">Dong, Yan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FE4AC82F0CBE177006768AF3479E8FFC">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C27465F3835A53B04AE1C2BF45DFCEF1">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D343BA047272C88144EFD648778C07F6">2025-01-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="00CB1F85A0C0489700E6E0DF0ABA3A7E">1223</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C625BDDE31975C95868F3ADEBB0B0FC9" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1D717AF49F7324C99282F31353D47F78" type="ZooBank">9E32E39D-D4CA-443B-9CCC-C35496605039</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606311" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606311" ID-arpha="E5A4E1BC-7035-53B2-9916-C0DEE0B2F0B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2" scope_class="Diplopoda" scope_family="Polyxenidae" scope_order="Polyxenida" scope_subClass="Penicillata" scope_subFamily="Polyxeninae">
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<subSubSection id="EBF48CD0191B3FF195E5995172B70D55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DE5D4F060D84A3AC66005483692B0039">
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<taxonomicName id="F33A0B7A795AEC5F3DBFEE06099FD537" ID-CoL="786H3" authority="Ishii & Liang, 1990" authorityName="Ishii & Liang" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hangzhoensis">
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<emphasis id="8E74F18394667C71AB0CCDFEE3344395" italics="true">Polyxenus hangzhoensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B224B7CE5F7E6296531DB223F2AB27F9" DOI="10.4039/Ent1221239-11" author="Ishii K & Liang LR" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pagination="1239-1246" refId="B12" refString="Ishii K, Liang LR (1990) Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China. Canadian Entomologist 122: 1239 - 1246. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1221239 - 11" title="Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China." volume="122" year="1990">Ishii & Liang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="279D2A8F046FFB51EC4016C865147C07" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4EE1ECC0D42E8F54830A37ABC4676D94">
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<figureCitation id="DBCC1C73E517F889C6FB43E5D310F400" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E4WAG" type="material">
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<paragraph id="969D6FF486B0754A051C69679785931A">
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<heading id="FE3F97EC2C5A7E5868B7F93D201E534C" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5AD0E77EDAA4CA6CF93D4720959BF04D">
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<materialsCitation id="58BACEAEFBC40F765E3914B71CB498CA" collectingDate="2024-03-12" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Y. D. Wang" country="China" location="Langya Mountain" longitude="118.500275" municipality="Chuzhou" specimenCode="CZCZS 1" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Anhui">
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<collectingCountry id="DCEBADC2D1A5971445E369525E14C15F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount id="B6E9B127A4165C91F59913DA81138DE6" count="3" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount id="E73A9B36794636F0EFCDD82A9E962958" count="4" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion id="FBBA9DDC9D48CD33AA6457262091F563" country="China" name="Anhui">Anhui</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="7FEE58A6020142F0AFCC0F4F8A7483C2">Chuzhou</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="283341E70B2FC6D752F0EE420679691D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2:283341E70B2FC6D752F0EE420679691D" country="China" longitude="118.500275" municipality="Chuzhou" name="Langya Mountain" stateProvince="Anhui">Langya Mountain</location>
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;
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<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGXAG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[118.500278,32.468611]}">
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32 ° 27 ' 67 " N,
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<geoCoordinate id="8A18B212E15E09643EDDB2B62FECCD2D" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="118.500275">118°30'01"E</geoCoordinate>
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</named-content>
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;
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<date id="4B2256A1101B82723F454C5D5AD1C356" value="2024-03-12">
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<collectingDate id="DEB05DFA904C36EB6081C428D3C42F2D" value="2024-03-12">12 Mar. 2024</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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||
<collectorName id="F78E97126FF8CF8F81C3117B2F573F2E">Y. D. Wang</collectorName>
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leg.; GenBank:
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<ext-link id="0523F586468CB46117A1642ACA67B971" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ142930" xlink_type="simple">PQ 142930</ext-link>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="D909AE6975BCC89D2CD5C2348974363B" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" type="">CBF</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="343E8519A36891044F3952BD4D48E19C" collectionCode="CZCZS">CZCZS 1</specimenCode>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQXAG" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="435E854807373B3088AD8237DB5B51EB">
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<heading id="4AE5FF304AC1831A6529BA5F09073107" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C9AC835FB447A34D93FFBADAB3524CF2">Five ommatidia in each eye. Number of trichomes: posterior vertex, 47–48; collum, 54–55; collum’s lateral protuberance, 4–5; tergite II, 56–62; tergite III, 60–64. Four dorso-medial trichomes on the head, posterior vertex comprising 2 complete rows of trichomes with no medial gap. Antennal article VI with 2 thick basiconic sensilla, 1 setiform sensillum, and 6 thin basiconic sensilla. Antennal article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla, 1 setiform sensillum, 4 thin basiconic sensilla, and 1 conical sensillum.</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVXAG" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3EA4130B2C51ED693CC063A01EAF7C0F">
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<heading id="3BEFCF4379B040C2DF8B4739DF2A0AF4" reason="title">Description.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3764EEA4CDC2F3DCF8150C90C389FAFE">
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<emphasis id="897D4B46E2066FE40FE9A4260CFF786E" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
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With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length
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<quantity id="FAEBDD49DE813D074C9AD7253A5CFCFB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" unit="mm" value="2.08">2.08 mm</quantity>
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, caudal bundle
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<quantity id="98EBC81ECB6902E7496494ABB353272A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="78109CD3282A57386FB1635F2F46E089">
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<emphasis id="C0652272566D3FEBB5388206B12B3AC6" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="EF2841D44A006562335E5FBDB96FFDB1" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 A</figureCitation>
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): Eye consisting of 5 ommatidia. Trichomes on the posterior vertex are arranged in 2 rows with no medial gap: the anterior row consists of 26 trichomes, and the posterior row comprises 20 trichomes. Additionally, 4 trichomes are arranged transversely in a dorso-medial position (Fig.
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||
<figureCitation id="5C19913F92208917EEAA232D6E465EE0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 A</figureCitation>
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). The head features
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<specimenCount id="979ED6A7518128AFF95CA8E7E943F4FC" count="2" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
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of trichomes (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="D23B2906BE9BD12E1E6602DBDC4720D7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 J</figureCitation>
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). Three trichobothria are positioned in an equilateral triangle, with the trichobothrium furthest from the ommatidia being slightly smaller than the other two (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="F3DEC19C88098D0CD45A049759525700" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 A</figureCitation>
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). The gnathochilarium possesses lateral palps that are 2.2 times the length of the medial palp. Lateral palps with 9 sensilla, medial palp with 17 sensilla (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="11794516CABB8EBA1C083A177359E296" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anterior margin of the labrum is granulated and armed with 5 + 5 lamellar teeth. The clypeo-labrum is equipped with 8 setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B1F5E4428BB9EFE9647F99B3CCE5636" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1CCD65EAF177A247AC28169FD65D657B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" ID-arpha="219B3068-6057-5AEB-B9E0-865271EC22A4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5966C322F37F1EC14AF462FA4E491C1">
|
||
<label id="F1CABA5C5598CBDEB0BE4DC4287F4CDF">Figure 4.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DFE6F65064E40462FF28AA9EFA4718EB">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="750330220CB3DDB92D6C58E6A8FDD9FD" authority="Ishii & Liang, 1990" authorityName="Ishii & Liang" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hangzhoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0156A5BA9FE54ED3EAE713AD558011E" italics="true">Polyxenus hangzhoensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="15E1B582BDB560B1DF4071E873A36910" DOI="10.4039/Ent1221239-11" author="Ishii K & Liang LR" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pagination="1239-1246" refId="B12" refString="Ishii K, Liang LR (1990) Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China. Canadian Entomologist 122: 1239 - 1246. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1221239 - 11" title="Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China." volume="122" year="1990">Ishii & Liang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adult female
|
||
<emphasis id="041DC8F243CFF49A1F6EDD3BD98A27CA" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
head
|
||
<emphasis id="67507EAA199ACFC834091D9B073CD34D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
collum
|
||
<emphasis id="91C79ACECEE529949C239309AB18FC80" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="C1DA6C66E15BDDD5EDE00660D6F38A24" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions
|
||
<emphasis id="7A10507276020F6E502C9235D9811EB9" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
tergite II
|
||
<emphasis id="810858989CA0336F5E2C2B4076918AF9" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
tergite III
|
||
<emphasis id="6C51C710C9FE9DFD41F2BD6AD1236B0A" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||
clypeo-labrum
|
||
<emphasis id="3F29BD59EB24D118293B2844397D4FA2" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||
gnathochilarium
|
||
<emphasis id="E6A5495B96989C703D4093AE54303210" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||
antenna
|
||
<emphasis id="F633B4DFCAD0C43415A8BB3277030BF2" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||
sensilla on articles VII
|
||
<emphasis id="30A4386474DCD9A6C92F8B1DA9720687" bold="true">I</emphasis>
|
||
sensilla on articles VI
|
||
<emphasis id="BF23B949116766BD23CA0676C9A3D460" bold="true">J</emphasis>
|
||
anterior vertex trichome
|
||
<emphasis id="6227880E8914942E703C9CC7EDB2EC43" bold="true">K</emphasis>
|
||
left 13
|
||
<superScript id="45D90900FEBF2433FD26D3FE4564DB3C">th</superScript>
|
||
leg
|
||
<emphasis id="DA0E229774F8A42434B1B68F41359717" bold="true">L</emphasis>
|
||
spine on tarsus II
|
||
<emphasis id="427CDFE1772B304E3EFAE86FA0A52D00" bold="true">M</emphasis>
|
||
typical setae of prefemur and femur
|
||
<emphasis id="D3C863E6951E80B8EF1DE5C8FEF86F54" bold="true">N</emphasis>
|
||
seta on tibia
|
||
<emphasis id="7E5A1F0EB0D7A0DC2276EB87DD67A1F6" bold="true">O</emphasis>
|
||
telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process
|
||
<emphasis id="BEE9F6B7156FB085F6FFC4953251B69E" bold="true">P</emphasis>
|
||
hooked caudal trichome
|
||
<emphasis id="43D030C362079A25196844326D4BFE8E" bold="true">Q</emphasis>
|
||
pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B3FD9700F6881797D3DBD66DFCD086F4" bold="true">A, C, D</emphasis>
|
||
); 100 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="FB8AB7966CB3B99D6B0A33AA4DB53B90" bold="true">B, G</emphasis>
|
||
); 50 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="4FD4ED4EA749D77411E5AC2B2B5C30B0" bold="true">J, K, P</emphasis>
|
||
); 40 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="8EE15225193823B25BD34EC5D15C3157" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||
); 20 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="0CE007F308ACF3E7DA677CFE4F307E08" bold="true">F, Q</emphasis>
|
||
); 10 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="BC8574F0458CF7A11376FEA15F0F9DC5" bold="true">H, I, M, O</emphasis>
|
||
); 5 μm (
|
||
<emphasis id="850D8172BD12F371A785F3D99FDA8C97" bold="true">L, N</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="30F06D6A5CA84C111A433FE410A7DFA2">
|
||
<emphasis id="AABBF2258229A883A66458D7C866AB20" bold="true" italics="true">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
: Long antennae with proportions of antennal articles as depicted in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F340625B5D4E33F1E679FB8FD877FB99" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 G</figureCitation>
|
||
. Antennal article VIII with 4 sensory cones, antennal article VI with 2 thick basiconic sensilla (anterior,
|
||
<emphasis id="4E06F6EF19D9AB8AF42FB67811390262" italics="true">a</emphasis>
|
||
, and posterior,
|
||
<emphasis id="FE804D0D05C336B0A1C00CB2D6FB15B7" italics="true">p</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 setiform sensillum (
|
||
<emphasis id="7004105886A36CBE151B5ADC71886188" italics="true">s</emphasis>
|
||
) between
|
||
<emphasis id="9D05D7D3362F1B90A301191C2369DC34" italics="true">a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="738BE0673C24BEA634AC501CD1C93031" italics="true">p</emphasis>
|
||
, 6 thin basiconic sensilla behind
|
||
<emphasis id="DC2FF3635B3EA900AD4B65B84DC344B8" italics="true">p</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="599262A40249F43B7A7FB7EF52F4301D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antennal article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla (
|
||
<emphasis id="94BBDAADF6BF8C9EDD45C0A9B0B467F8" italics="true">a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="CBAB3B103D3DF69332B54AC5FDE65B62" italics="true">p</emphasis>
|
||
), 1 setiform sensillum (
|
||
<emphasis id="7AB9154BBD451089CAB37C6D5D40E8D1" italics="true">s</emphasis>
|
||
) between
|
||
<emphasis id="4B7D6587F0B7DBB33FCD4BAFA56122B2" italics="true">a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="9ED130D36B71DB34B39248243904D258" italics="true">p</emphasis>
|
||
, 4 thin basiconic sensilla in front of
|
||
<emphasis id="EEE9AB8468A5B25FDB52158DB27C4530" italics="true">p</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1 conical sensillum (
|
||
<emphasis id="5BB6458420ADBAC9AADD49AB62651681" italics="true">c</emphasis>
|
||
) behind
|
||
<emphasis id="B693C619498B8E3D49A019A38A593460" italics="true">a</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5CFBC4D366385D5977418AB520EDB7B6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="834F13CF070B2F69508593467BA5E6D6">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2A69CF846ACAC4EBA8579BDF2609DA1" bold="true" italics="true">Trunk</emphasis>
|
||
: Tergal trichomes, including those on the collum, are arranged in a circular pattern. Collum with 54 trichomes, lateral protuberance of collum with 5 trichomes in a row (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2831F5F682AF9B342CC3A6A8A2808050" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite II with 56 trichomes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="ECC23D5AE4A02DC808DF9F1B449C5DE2" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite III with 60 trichomes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFC5E425336AEF85BA73DD860520F4FA" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergites II – X have the same pattern of trichome insertions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="42290D15555E5AB61FC8E9A2E20FEE41">
|
||
<emphasis id="CF442B471A16781414CC7F061EEC5F76" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E3C7AE95E30DCF5E35D4E13C85BABCE0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 K</figureCitation>
|
||
): Coxa I with no seta, coxa II with 2 setae, coxae III – XIII with no seta, prefemur and femur with one seta (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="902F0E6318CECA8785D9245A467344DE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 M</figureCitation>
|
||
), trochanter, post-femur, and tarsus I with no seta. The spine on tarsus II is far shorter than the setae on the prefemur and femur (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="809D84FC5ED4F34DA21DE20105E42934" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 L</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is a very small seta on the tibia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8850DBF22B6F40AE5829D948526B1F10" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 N</figureCitation>
|
||
). The telotarsus consists of an anterior process with an enlarged base, nearly equaling the length of the claw. Both a lamella process and a small posterior process are present (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F696F2D29B3374C923DF00519AC1A488" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 O</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4196B679B58EFBC03711CEE6B753053">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFED9E45939F2F90075AF53B8A604C85" bold="true" italics="true">Telson</emphasis>
|
||
: The telson possesses 54 (27 + 27) dorso-medial trichomes in the caudal penicil (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="316A798656E9851F3E583BFC1A85D3F7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 Q</figureCitation>
|
||
), arranged in two bundles separated by a gap. The caudal bundles consist of
|
||
<specimenCount id="961AB5D270A45CD6546D3A865463C52D" count="2" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of trichomes, with the hooked trichomes having an apical lobed hook typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A04469C660ED46795A23FA4E1774A3EA" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5E49088F7B538AE568D86E16D326802D" italics="true">Polyxenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A99867F16EDD3F27C9768823D5F4E72" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii & Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 P</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="34FE4C765270016CDAA328450C4C1ED0">
|
||
<emphasis id="61AE4FFB19A547064FA089E0F88425FB" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: body length
|
||
<quantity id="56CA38D1EB67E7CCD7DF1BFC1176E2CD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, caudal bundle
|
||
<quantity id="838CD3FC1E97FCD65108988E9E18C535" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Posterior vertex with 48 trichomes, Collum with 55 trichomes, and tergites II and III with 62 and 64 trichomes. Coxa I with 1 seta, coxa II with 2 setae, coxae III – XIII with no seta. The caudal penicil comprises 48 (24 + 24) dorso-medial trichomes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EB6AG" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="AD6CC794E774B1A6B0BEF830FE5A434D">
|
||
<heading id="9B5ACE0B15E2929A90EE4E341F12107D" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA3AA790E94EAC316EB36D62ADE67B51">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C16726E864053DFD23E91843A3164D18" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E454E2AD6E74E9F4831EE893A5E89062" country="China" name="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="846F81D15616ADE6247CBBCA7562F43D" country="China" name="Anhui">Anhui</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EG6AG" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="58F323FDAE3BDF88150493B52B913950">
|
||
<heading id="29D8F7C971290CEDF6073D71A529BF2B" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6CA119D541D9D0690F1190147CF88BF4">
|
||
This species closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30EF9CACA40B9D1B862584DF1BC726BD" authority="Ishii, 1983" authorityName="Ishii" authorityYear="1983" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinoharai">
|
||
<emphasis id="7C64B4A5AA3B4FA37E530CBD3BEDF1D7" italics="true">Polyxenus shinoharai</emphasis>
|
||
Ishii, 1983
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differs in the number of trichomes present: the posterior vertex has 47 or 48 (40 or
|
||
<quantity id="8EFA8556A601E935FE16EACDC7FCB019" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0413999999999999" unit="in" value="41.0">41 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34DFB7A19B33826736D6D5D87D40605B" authorityName="Ishii" authorityYear="1983" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinoharai">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AE6CD584337F13D0CDB862644B74952" italics="true">P. shinoharai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the collum with 54 or 55 (41 or 42), the lateral protuberance of the collum bears 4 or 5 (3), tergite II exhibits 56–62 (41 or 43), and tergite III displays 60–64 (42 or 46), antennal article VI with 6 thin basiconic sensilla (
|
||
<quantity id="0D9168FCDC622A5236D20BCAA68473FA" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFD83473D952447112ED28AB98B28B39" authorityName="Ishii" authorityYear="1983" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinoharai">
|
||
<emphasis id="12953FAEE4D852B230B57E767EEAA9D3" italics="true">P. shinoharai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |