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<document id="3E01F2DBC1FBE0BEA03D8DA41815164A" ID-CLB-Dataset="303162" ID-DOI="10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="298e164c-f86e-4b3e-b3b3-2562d0ba6048" ID-ISSN="2513-9894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13760932" ID-ZooBank="4C9216EC-E822-4CC7-A163-6E96CFB3078F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1718072142794" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Suárez, William" docDate="2022" docId="E575C653FF960832FE6AA12B54D5FBC3" docLanguage="en" docName="BullBritOrnitholClub.142.1.10-74.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club 142 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223.2:BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223" docStyleName="BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Tyto cravesae Suarez &amp; Olson 2015" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="194CBE2BFFB40811FFE4A53D575AFFBA" masterDocTitle="Catalogue of Cuban fossil and subfossil birds" masterLastPageNumber="248" masterPageNumber="247" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1726259757031" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="31843B21477F476AF44483A0B1B8544B">Catalogue of Cuban fossil and subfossil birds</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BE704C1CBC4B2CA0CF62A31B4845CD74">Suárez, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="3948208D029B13BDB167CCFA83A61F02">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="E575C653FF960832FE6AA12B54D5FBC3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13761022" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13761022" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E575C653FF960832FE6AA12B54D5FBC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E575C653FF960832FE6AA12B54D5FBC3" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF960833FE6AA12B54D4FB8A" box="[398,910,1045,1072]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960833FE6AA12B54D4FB8A" blockId="34.[144,992,1045,1185]" box="[398,910,1045,1072]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="362BC029FF960833FE6AA12B54D4FB8A" box="[398,910,1045,1072]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" reason="8">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FE6AA12B54D4FB8A" bold="true" box="[398,910,1045,1072]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
24. †
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF960833FE22A12B54D4FB8A" authority="Suarez &amp; Olson, 2015" authorityName="Suarez &amp; Olson" authorityYear="2015" box="[454,910,1045,1072]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cravesae">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FE22A12B552EFB8A" bold="true" box="[454,628,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Tyto cravesae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FD98A12854D4FB8A" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[636,910,1045,1072]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF960833FED8A10B54BAFBEA" box="[316,992,1078,1104]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960833FED8A10B54BAFBEA" blockId="34.[144,992,1045,1185]" box="[316,992,1078,1104]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Cravess Giant Barn Owl (Lechuza Gigante de Craves)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF960833FF74A161545BFA38" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960833FF74A16155D2FBD4" blockId="34.[144,992,1045,1185]" box="[144,648,1115,1135]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF960833FF74A161568DFBD4" authority="Suarez &amp; Olson, 2015" authorityName="Suarez &amp; Olson" authorityYear="2015" box="[144,471,1115,1135]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cravesae">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF74A161565FFBD4" box="[144,261,1116,1134]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Tyto cravesae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FEEFA161568DFBD4" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[267,471,1115,1135]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FE04A161557CFBD4" box="[480,550,1116,1134]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Zootaxa</emphasis>
4020: 545.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960833FF24A148556EFB3D" blockId="34.[144,992,1045,1185]" box="[192,564,1140,1160]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4DCC506BFF960833FF24A148556EFB3D" box="[192,564,1140,1160]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF960833FF24A148564DFB3D" authorityName="Suárez" authorityYear="2022" box="[192,279,1140,1159]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noeli">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF24A148564DFB3D" box="[192,279,1140,1159]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Tyto noeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="EC7D5154FF960833FEC6A14956A8FB3D" author="Arredondo, O." box="[290,498,1140,1159]" page="416" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FEC6A14956A8FB3D" author="Arredondo, O." box="[290,498,1140,1159]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="415 - 431" refId="ref47607" refString="Arredondo, O. 1972 a. Nueva especie de ave fosil (Strigiformes: Tytonidae) del Pleistoceno superior de Cuba. Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 29 (122 - 123): 415 - 431." type="journal article" year="1972">Arredondo 1972a: 416</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960833FF24A1B355D0FB1A" blockId="34.[144,992,1045,1185]" box="[192,650,1165,1185]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4DCC506BFF960833FF24A1B355D0FB1A" box="[192,650,1165,1185]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF960833FF24A1B35651FB1B" box="[192,267,1166,1185]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF24A1B357B2FB1A" box="[192,232,1166,1184]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Tyto</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="EC7D5154FF960833FEF0A1B05566FB1A" author="Iturralde-Vinent, M. A. &amp; MacPhee, R. D. E. &amp; Diaz-Franco, S. &amp; Rojas-Consuegra, R. &amp; Suarez, W. &amp; Lomba, A." box="[276,572,1165,1185]" page="309" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FEF0A1B05566FB1A" author="Iturralde-Vinent, M. A. &amp; MacPhee, R. D. E. &amp; Diaz-Franco, S. &amp; Rojas-Consuegra, R. &amp; Suarez, W. &amp; Lomba, A." box="[276,572,1165,1185]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="300 - 313" refId="ref50771" refString="Iturralde-Vinent, M. A., MacPhee, R. D. E., Diaz-Franco, S., Rojas-Consuegra, R., Suarez, W. &amp; Lomba, A. 2000. Las Breas de San Felipe, a Quaternary fossiliferous asphalt seep near Marti (Matanzas Province, Cuba). Carib. J. Sci. 36: 300 - 313." type="journal article" year="2000">
Iturralde-Vinent
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FE50A1B35682FB1A" box="[436,472,1165,1184]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. 2000: 309
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, table 2.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960833FF24A1F4545BFA38" blockId="34.[144,1165,1225,1698]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF24A1F4564DFB5B" bold="true" box="[192,279,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">History</emphasis>
.—
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FED3A1F456E3FB58" box="[311,441,1225,1250]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<date id="19625185FF960833FED3A1F456E3FB58" box="[311,441,1225,1250]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" value="1972-03">March 1972</date>
</emphasis>
: first known material described as
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF960833FC84A1F75497FB5B" authority="Arredondo, 1972" authorityName="Suárez" authorityYear="2022" box="[864,973,1225,1249]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noeli">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FC84A1F75497FB5B" box="[864,973,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Tyto noeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FBEBA1F45788FAB8" author="Arredondo, O." pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="415 - 431" refId="ref47607" refString="Arredondo, O. 1972 a. Nueva especie de ave fosil (Strigiformes: Tytonidae) del Pleistoceno superior de Cuba. Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 29 (122 - 123): 415 - 431." type="journal article" year="1972">Arredondo 1972a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FF3FA1D756ADFABB" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[219,503,1257,1282]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 547</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FDECA1D755DBFAB8" box="[520,641,1258,1282]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<date id="19625185FF960833FDECA1D755DBFAB8" box="[520,641,1258,1282]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" value="1998-06-05">5 June 1998</date>
</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="B267C9E7FF960833FD69A1D455AAFABB" box="[653,752,1257,1281]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
collected by WS in a cave wall cavity at the type locality, western
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF960833FE32A0345548FA9B" box="[470,530,1289,1313]" name="Cuba" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FDC6A0375411FA9B" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[546,843,1289,1314]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 545</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FCBAA037537CFA98" box="[862,1062,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<date id="19625185FF960833FCBAA037537CFA98" box="[862,1062,1289,1314]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" value="2015-09-23">23 September 2015</date>
</emphasis>
: original description published (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FE7DA01755CAFAFB" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[409,656,1321,1346]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015</bibRefCitation>
), including some specimens formerly in the type series of
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF960833FED3A07756DDFADB" authorityName="Suárez" authorityYear="2022" box="[311,391,1353,1377]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noeli">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FED3A07756DDFADB" box="[311,391,1353,1377]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">T. noeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Other material).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FD7CA0775470FAD8" box="[664,810,1354,1378]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<date id="19625185FF960833FD7CA0775470FAD8" box="[664,810,1354,1378]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" value="2020-05-22">22 May 2020</date>
</emphasis>
: single specimen known from asphalt deposits (a
<typeStatus id="B267C9E7FF960833FE8DA0575694FA38" box="[361,462,1386,1410]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) illustrated (Suárez 2020a).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF960832FF24A0B4546AFD03" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960833FF24A0B455C7F9DB" blockId="34.[144,1165,1225,1698]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF24A0B45670FA1B" bold="true" box="[192,298,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<typeStatus id="B267C9E7FF960833FF24A0B45670FA1B" box="[192,298,1417,1441]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.—Associated postcranial elements of one individual, MNHNCu 75.590 (cited figures from
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FEC1A0975542FA7B" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[293,536,1449,1474]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015</bibRefCitation>
), consisting of proximal half of a left humerus (fig. 3A [anconal]), proximal end of a right ulna, a near-complete right carpometacarpus (fig. 3C [external]) and a near-complete right femur (fig. 4: C [anterior], G [internal]). Collected
<date id="19625185FF960833FF74A3345649F998" box="[144,275,1545,1570]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" value="1998-06-05">5 June 1998</date>
by WS in an amoeboid-shaped patch of red clay matrix, in a wall cavity near (
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF7CA31757F8F9FB" box="[152,162,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="AA24DAA0FF960833FF42A3175785F9F8" box="[166,223,1578,1602]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
) Salón del Pozo (not Type locality: Salón del Pozo, as stated by
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FC25A31453DFF9FB" author="Orihuela, J." box="[961,1157,1577,1602]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref54349" refString="Orihuela, J. 2019. An annotated list of Late Quaternary extinct birds of Cuba. Orn. Neotrop. 30: 57 - 67." type="journal article" year="2019">Orihuela 2019: 62</bibRefCitation>
) at the type locality (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FE8BA37755CBF9DB" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[367,657,1609,1634]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 546</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF960832FF24A354531FFDE3" blockId="34.[144,1165,1225,1698]" lastBlockId="35.[144,1166,129,1145]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF24A3545631F93B" bold="true" box="[192,363,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Other material</emphasis>
.—
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FE6FA35456A9F93B" bold="true" box="[395,499,1641,1665]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Coracoid</emphasis>
: sternal end of left,
<collectionCode id="0BCDEF80FF960833FD3FA3575459F938" box="[731,771,1642,1666]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">OA</collectionCode>
832 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF960833FCA5A357536EF93B" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[833,1076,1641,1666]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2D [dorsal]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FF18A3B75632F918" bold="true" box="[252,360,1674,1698]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">Humerus</emphasis>
: proximal end of right,
<collectionCode id="0BCDEF80FF960833FD96A3B755C0F918" box="[626,666,1674,1698]" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">OA</collectionCode>
826 =
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<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF960833FC83A3B754EEF91B" box="[871,948,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="43">T. noeli</emphasis>
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, fig. 2 [images in figs. 2 and 4 of the original description are therein reversed]: 4, top [anconal], 1976: 183, fig. 10a: top right [anconal]); distal half of right,
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of
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<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF54A5FF57E5FF63" box="[176,191,194,217]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">T</emphasis>
.
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</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FEF7A5FC554EFF63" author="Arredondo, O." box="[275,532,193,217]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="415 - 431" refId="ref47607" refString="Arredondo, O. 1972 a. Nueva especie de ave fosil (Strigiformes: Tytonidae) del Pleistoceno superior de Cuba. Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 29 (122 - 123): 415 - 431." type="journal article" year="1972">Arredondo 1972a: 417</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4: 4, bottom [anconal], 1976: 183, fig. 10a: bottom right [anconal]); shaft of left, WS 077.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FDB0A5DC55C5FF43" bold="true" box="[596,671,225,249]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Femur</emphasis>
: left lacking a proximal segment of shaft, MNHNCu 75.594 (
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, fig. 4: D [anterior], E [internal]); proximal end of left,
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unnumbered.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FE5BA41C5519FE83" bold="true" box="[447,579,289,313]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Tibiotarsus</emphasis>
: distal half, MNHNCu 75.593 (
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: fig. 5F [anterior]), and distal end,
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of
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<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FCEAA47F5447FEE3" box="[782,797,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">T</emphasis>
.
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(
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: fig. 5E [anterior]), of left.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FE60A45C551AFEC3" bold="true" box="[388,576,353,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Tarsometatarsus</emphasis>
: right, MNHNCu 75.596 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FC82A45C53D2FEC3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[870,1160,353,377]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 547</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F5E76BC0FF970832FF74A4BC57B7FE23" box="[144,237,385,409]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="25.[144,205,780,799]" captionTargetBox="[156,1142,134,741]" captionTargetId="figure-397@25.[141,1168,125,766]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 6. Cueva de Sandoval (ASA), Caimito, western Cuba. Type locality of †Gigantohierax suarezi Arredondo &amp; Arredondo and †Falco kurochkini Suárez &amp; Olson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13760948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13760948/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Figs. 6C</figureCitation>
: proximal portion [anterior], 7D [anterior], 8A: proximal portion [internal]); right lacking distal end,
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of
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<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FDBAA49F5537FE03" box="[606,621,418,441]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">T</emphasis>
.
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(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FD5FA49C54ECFE03" author="Arredondo, O." box="[699,950,417,441]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="415 - 431" refId="ref47607" refString="Arredondo, O. 1972 a. Nueva especie de ave fosil (Strigiformes: Tytonidae) del Pleistoceno superior de Cuba. Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 29 (122 - 123): 415 - 431." type="journal article" year="1972">Arredondo 1972a: 417</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2: 2 [anterior],
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: fig. 7E [anterior]); proximal, MNHNCu 75.595, immature (
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: fig. 6B [anterior]) and distal, MNHNCu 75.592 (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FCA4A4DC5369FE43" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[832,1075,481,505]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 6H [anterior]), WS 09I, immature (
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: fig. 6G [anterior]) ends of right; shaft of right,
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unnumbered; distal ends of left, MNHNCu 75.591, MNHNCu 75.4801 (Suárez 2020a: 3031, fig. 12: A [anterior], B [distal]). See
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF970832FF24A75C546AFD03" blockId="35.[144,1166,129,1145]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF24A75C5601FDC2" bold="true" box="[192,347,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Type locality</emphasis>
.—Cueva de Paredones (
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FD99A75C55E8FDC3" bold="true" box="[637,690,609,633]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<collectionCode id="0BCDEF80FF970832FD99A75C55E8FDC3" box="[637,690,609,633]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">ACP</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
),
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FD29A75F558DFDC3" box="[717,727,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="AA24DAA0FF970832FD38A75C5440FDC3" box="[732,794,609,633]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
south-west of Ceiba del Agua, municipality of Caimito (not San Antonio de los Baños as stated by
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FC51A7BC53DAFD23" author="Orihuela, J." box="[949,1152,641,665]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref54349" refString="Orihuela, J. 2019. An annotated list of Late Quaternary extinct birds of Cuba. Orn. Neotrop. 30: 57 - 67." type="journal article" year="2019">Orihuela 2019: 62</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF970832FF74A79C5639FD03" box="[144,355,673,697]" country="Cuba" name="Artemisa" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Artemisa province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF970832FE8AA79C56F0FD03" box="[366,426,673,697]" name="Cuba" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FE5CA79C5581FD03" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[440,731,673,697]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 246</bibRefCitation>
).
<figureCitation id="F5E76BC0FF970832FD08A79C5476FD03" box="[748,812,673,697]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="17.[145,206,1644,1663]" captionTargetBox="[158,1144,1016,1623]" captionTargetId="figure-431@17.[141,1168,1009,1631]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 4. Cueva de Paredones (ACP), Caimito, western Cuba. Type locality of †Oscaravis olsoni (Arredondo &amp; Arredondo), †Gymnogyps varonai (Arredondo) and †Tyto cravesae Suárez &amp; Olson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13760942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13760942/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C624CEFF970832FF24A7FD54D5FBC3" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6D637745FF970832FF24A7FD5311FCE3" blockId="35.[144,1166,129,1145]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF24A7FD5614FD62" bold="true" box="[192,334,704,728]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Distribution</emphasis>
.—Cave and asphalt deposits in west
<collectingCountry id="15CB37D5FF970832FCFEA7FC540CFD63" box="[794,854,705,729]" name="Cuba" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(see Appendix).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FBCCA7FC53DCFD62" box="[1064,1158,705,728]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF970832FBCCA7FC53DCFD62" box="[1064,1158,705,728]" country="Cuba" name="Artemisa" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Artemisa</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Caimito:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF13A7DC5676FD43" bold="true" box="[247,300,737,761]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">ACP</emphasis>
=
<typeStatus id="B267C9E7FF970832FEADA7DC5621FD43" box="[329,379,737,761]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
locality (
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[
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FCA9A7DF5482FD43" box="[845,984,738,761]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cravesae">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FCA9A7DF5482FD43" box="[845,984,738,761]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Tyto cravesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, new species]),
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF74A63C579DFCA3" bold="true" box="[144,199,769,793]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">ACT</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FF30A63C56ABFCA3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[212,497,769,793]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 547</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FDE6A63C552CFCA3" box="[514,630,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF970832FDE6A63C552CFCA3" box="[514,630,769,793]" country="Cuba" name="Mayabeque" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Mayabeque</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Quivicán:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FD10A63C547FFCA3" bold="true" box="[756,805,769,793]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">YBL</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FCB8A63C54C8FCA3" bold="true" box="[860,914,769,793]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">YTU</emphasis>
(
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).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF2FA61F566AFC83" box="[203,304,802,825]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF970832FF2FA61F566AFC83" box="[203,304,802,825]" country="Cuba" name="Matanzas" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Matanzas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
. Cárdenas:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FE50A61C56B1FC83" bold="true" box="[436,491,801,825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">MCE</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FE1DA61C559AFC83" author="Orihuela, J." box="[505,704,801,825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref54349" refString="Orihuela, J. 2019. An annotated list of Late Quaternary extinct birds of Cuba. Orn. Neotrop. 30: 57 - 67." type="journal article" year="2019">Orihuela 2019: 62</bibRefCitation>
), Martí:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FCFAA61C5409FC83" bold="true" box="[798,851,801,825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">MLB</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FC85A61C5325FC83" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." box="[865,1151,801,825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 547</bibRefCitation>
, Suárez 2020a: 30 [see Other material]).
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FDB7A67C55B4FCE2" box="[595,750,833,856]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF970832FDB7A67C55B4FCE2" box="[595,750,833,856]" country="Cuba" name="Sancti Spiritus" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Sancti Spíritus</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
.
<collectingRegion id="AF18B9A7FF970832FD18A67C54FBFCE3" box="[764,929,833,857]" country="Cuba" name="Sancti Spiritus" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Sancti Spíritus</collectingRegion>
:
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FC4FA67D5486FCE2" bold="true" box="[939,988,832,856]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">SPC</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FC08A67C54A7FCE3" box="[1004,1021,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">cf</emphasis>
. CLV).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF970832FF24A65C5780FC63" blockId="35.[144,1166,129,1145]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF24A65C5621FCC2" bold="true" box="[192,379,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
Direct
<superScript id="9AA9DA0DFF970832FEE8A6625641FCD7" attach="right" box="[268,283,863,877]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">14</superScript>
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FEFFA65C5621FCC2" box="[283,379,864,889]" class="Aves" family="Caprimulgidae" genus="Caprimulgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caprimulgiformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dating">C dating</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.—None. For dating of other bird species at MLB, see
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FC2EA65C53DCFCC3" authorityName="Suárez" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Fischer &amp; Stephan" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[970,1158,865,889]" class="Aves" family="Gruidae" genus="Antigone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gruiformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cubensis">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FC2EA65C53DCFCC3" box="[970,1158,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Antigone cubensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FF74A6BC563BFC23" baseAuthorityName="Emslie" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[144,353,897,921]" class="Aves" family="Cathartidae" genus="Gymnogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varonai">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF74A6BC563BFC23" box="[144,353,897,921]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Gymnogyps varonai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FE7FA6BC55DAFC23" box="[411,640,897,921]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Ornimegalonyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oteroi">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FE7FA6BC55DAFC23" box="[411,640,897,921]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Ornimegalonyx oteroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and of associated extinct mammals (
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FBC9A6BF5782FC03" baseAuthorityName="Matthew" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Parocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="browni">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FBC9A6BF5782FC03" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Parocnus browni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 11,880 ± 420 to 4,960 ± 280 years
<superScript id="9AA9DA0DFF970832FD8AA6A25526FC17" attach="right" box="[622,636,927,941]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">14</superScript>
C BP), see
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FD1CA69C54FFFC03" author="Jull, A. J. T. &amp; Iturralde-Vinent, M. &amp; O'Malley, J. M. &amp; MacPhee, R. D. E. &amp; McDonald, H. G. &amp; Martin, P. S. &amp; Moody, J. &amp; Rincon, A." box="[760,933,929,953]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="668 - 671" refId="ref51404" refString="Jull, A. J. T., Iturralde-Vinent, M., O'Malley, J. M., MacPhee, R. D. E., McDonald, H. G., Martin, P. S., Moody, J. &amp; Rincon, A. 2004. Radiocarbon dating of extinct fauna in the Americas recovered from tar pits. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 223 - 224: 668 - 671." type="book chapter" year="2004">
Jull
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FCC2A69F5409FC03" box="[806,851,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
. (2004)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FC05A69C578CFC63" author="Steadman, D. W. &amp; Martin, P. S. &amp; MacPhee, R. D. E. &amp; Jull, A. J. T. &amp; McDonald, H. G. &amp; Woods, C. A. &amp; Iturralde-Vinent, M. &amp; Hodgins, G. W. L." pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="11763 - 11768" refId="ref55768" refString="Steadman, D. W., Martin, P. S., MacPhee, R. D. E., Jull, A. J. T., McDonald, H. G., Woods, C. A., Iturralde-Vinent, M. &amp; Hodgins, G. W. L. 2005. Asynchronous extinction of late Quaternary sloths on continents and islands. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 11763 - 11768." type="journal article" year="2005">
Steadman
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FBBDA69F53DFFC03" box="[1113,1157,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
. (2005)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D637745FF970832FF24A6DC54D5FBC3" blockId="35.[144,1166,129,1145]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FF24A6DC5658FC42" bold="true" box="[192,258,993,1016]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">Notes</emphasis>
.—Not the rarest of Cuban tytonid owls as claimed by
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FC91A6DC5319FC43" author="Orihuela, J." box="[885,1091,993,1017]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref54349" refString="Orihuela, J. 2019. An annotated list of Late Quaternary extinct birds of Cuba. Orn. Neotrop. 30: 57 - 67." type="journal article" year="2019">Orihuela (2019: 62</bibRefCitation>
; see
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FB93A6DF5782FBA3" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollens">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FB93A6DF5782FBA3" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">T. pollens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above).
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FED3A13F56FDFBA3" box="[311,423,1026,1049]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cravesae">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FED3A13F56FDFBA3" box="[311,423,1026,1049]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">T. cravesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is about the size of
<taxonomicName id="AADC0CC6FF970832FD6EA13F55A0FBA3" box="[650,762,1025,1049]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ostologa">
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FD6EA13F55C3FBA3" box="[650,665,1026,1049]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FD43A13C55A0FBA3" box="[679,762,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">ostologa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Hispaniola, being less robust, but having a femur with the deepest shaft of all known West Indian giant barn owls (
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FBDBA11C563BFBE3" author="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L." pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="533 - 553" refId="ref57070" refString="Suarez, W. &amp; Olson, S. L. 2015. Systematics and distribution of the giant fossil barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae). Zootaxa 4020: 533 - 553." type="journal article" year="2015">Suárez &amp; Olson 2015: 548</bibRefCitation>
). None of the Cuban large barn owls exhibits (
<emphasis id="5FA8AB57FF970832FC91A17F54ECFBE3" box="[885,950,1090,1113]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="44">contra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="094D0AB4FF970832FC5AA17C53DEFBE3" author="Orihuela, J." box="[958,1156,1089,1113]" pageId="35" pageNumber="44" pagination="57 - 67" refId="ref54349" refString="Orihuela, J. 2019. An annotated list of Late Quaternary extinct birds of Cuba. Orn. Neotrop. 30: 57 - 67." type="journal article" year="2019">Orihuela 2019: 57</bibRefCitation>
) anatomical adaptations that suggest pronounced ground-dwelling.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>