378 lines
36 KiB
XML
378 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.303.5230" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bae85c7d-e900-4965-89d9-00140a8a659d" ID-PMC="PMC3689068" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-303-53" ID-PubMed="23794903" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-303-53" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 303" ModsDocTitle="A food plant specialist in Sparganothini: A new genus and species from Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae)" checkinTime="1451247269031" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Brown, John W., Janzen, Daniel H. & Hallwachs, Winnie" docDate="2013" docId="E4F216A6431974112B2FC14F17233C4B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 303: 53-63" docOrigin="ZooKeys 303" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.303.5230" docTitle="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum Brown, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FF84D12AFFDBFF90E97A1B580823FA5F" masterDocTitle="A food plant specialist in Sparganothini: A new genus and species from Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae)" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1668155872133" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A food plant specialist in Sparganothini: A new genus and species from Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Brown, John W.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>303</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>53</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>63</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.303.5230</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.303.5230</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-303-53</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152044374" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C01718B4-16CF-431E-AA0B-798E25C11401" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4F216A6431974112B2FC14F17233C4B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C01718B4-16CF-431E-AA0B-798E25C11401" authority="Brown" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="56" start="start">Sparganocosma</pageBreakToken>
|
||
docsturnerorum Brown
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="56">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Figures 1-8
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="tribe" tribe="Sparganothini">Sparganothini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tortricidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="family">Tortricidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the characters discussed in the diagnosis of the genus above. The distinctive forewing pattern easily distinguishes it from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="tribe" tribe="Sparganothini">Sparganothini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and it is further differentiated by unique features of the male genitalia and female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Head: Vertex pale buff with variably developed patch of pale maroon medially; frons and labial palpus slightly lighter pale buff. Antenna mostly pale buff, except scape maroon. Thorax: Tegula pale buff, nota maroon, except pale cream along narrow lateral margins. Legs mostly pale brown with narrow pale-yellow banding. Forewing (Figures 3, 4) length 8.8-11.0 mm (mean = 9.9; n = 10) in male, 10.5-13.0 mm (mean 11.6; n = 10) in female; forewing with two large ovoid patches of pale buff in costal region, one from base to approximately 0.5 distance to apex, the other in distal 0.45, basal patch less defined in female, irregularly overscaled with brown; patches infrequently separated by narrow brown remnant of median fascia; patches usually with small flecks of brown; remainder of wing with broad brown longitudinal band along dorsum, narrowest at base, broadest at termen, with faint traces of pale buff along veins in distal part of wing or with tiny spots of pale buff near wing margin; longitudinal band along dorsum infrequently paler or lacking altogether in male. Fringe pale buff. Hindwing rather uniformly dark gray brown, slightly darker in female. Fringe pale cream gray. Abdomen: Pale brownish gray. Male genitalia (Figure 5) as described above for genus. Female genitalia (Figure 6) as described above for genus.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Holotype, ♂, Costa Rica, Alajuela Province,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
|
||
Guanacaste, Sector
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rain Forest,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Francia Arriba, 400 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.89666">10.89666N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.29003">85.29003W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24 Feb 2002, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
; ec: 29 Mar 2004 (04-SRNP-40557).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Paratypes (32♂, 41♀). COSTA RICA: Alajuela Province:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
|
||
Guanacaste: Sector
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rain Forest: Sendero Anonas, 405 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.90528">10.90528N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.27882">85.27882W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 23 Nov 2001, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="57" start="start">Asplundia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
utilis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 28 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411); ec: 29 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.01); ec: 30 Dec 2001 (1♂) (01-SRNP-23411.02); ec: 29 Dec 2001 (1♂) (01-SRNP-23411.04); ec: 30 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.07); ec: 30 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.09); ec: 30 Dec 2001 (1♂) (01-SRNP-23411.11); ec: 27 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.12); ec: 29 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.19); ec: 20 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.21); ec: 28 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.22); ec: 29 Dec 2001 (1♂) (01-SRNP-23411.26); ec: 29 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.27); ec: 30 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.28); ec: 28 Dec 2001 (1♀) (01-SRNP-23411.31); 7 Nov 2011, A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 9 Dec 2011 (1♂), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asplundis" lsidName="Asplundis utilis" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundis utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11-SRNP-44797). Jacobo, 461 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.94076">10.94076N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-85.3177">85.3177W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 19 May 2011, Calixto Moraga, ec: 10 Jun 2011 (3♀), ec: 9 Jun 2011 (3♂), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asplundis" lsidName="Asplundis utilis" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundis utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11-SRNP-80462, 11-SRNP-80464, 11-SRNP-80449, 11-SRNP-80457, 11-SRNP-80459, 11-SRNP-80448). Sendero
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 430 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8962">10.8962N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.27769">85.27769W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 18 Aug 2000, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="58" start="start">Asplundia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
utilis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ec: 9 Sep 2000 (1♂) (00-SRNP-14214); ec: 12 Sep 2000 (1♀) (00-SRNP-14216). Sendero
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 430 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="10.8962">10.8962N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.27769">85.27769W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 15 Feb 2006, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="59" start="start">Asplundia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
utilis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Minor Carmona, ec: 13 Mar 2006 (1♀) (06-SRNP-40592), ec: 14 Mar 2006 (1♀) (06-SRNP-40590), ec: 14 Mar 2006 (1♀) (06-SRNP-40591). Vado
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Francia, 400 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.90093">10.90093N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.28915">85.28915W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20 Feb 2002, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 18 Apr 2002 (1♂) (02-SRNP-6476); ec: 24 Mar 2004 (1♂) (02-SRNP-6474).
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Francia Arriba, 400 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.89666">10.89666N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.29003">85.29003W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24 Feb 2002, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
; ec: 29 Mar 2004 (1♂) (04-SRNP-40555); ec: 30 Mar 2002 (1♂) (04-SRNP-40556); ec: 30 Mar 2004 (1♀) (04-SRNP-40553); 30 Mar 2004 (1♀) (04-SRNP-40558); 24 May 2004, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 28 Jun 2004 (1♀) (04-SRNP-41311); 25 Oct 2011, A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 4 Dec 2011 (1♀), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asplundis" lsidName="Asplundis utilis" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundis utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11-SRNP-44698); 18 Mar 2011, A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 12 Apr 2011 (1♂), 13 Apr 2011 (1♀), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asplundis" lsidName="Asplundis utilis" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundis utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11-SRNP-41257, 11-SRNP-41260); 7 Oct 2010, Pablo
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Calderón">Calderon</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 17 Nov 2010 (1♂), ec: 19 Nov 2010 (1♀), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asplundis" lsidName="Asplundis utilis" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundis utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(10-SRNP-43639, 10-SRNP-43637); 18 Mar 2011, A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 12 Apr 2011 (1♂, 1♀), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asplundis" lsidName="Asplundis utilis" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundis utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11-SRNP-41261, 11-SRNP-41259). Montanya Figueres, 460 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88367">10.88367N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.29081">85.29081W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22 Oct 2009, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Pablo
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Umaña">Umana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 29 Nov 2009 (1♂) (09-SRNP-43035). Finca Aurita, 460 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88409">10.88409N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.25728">85.25728W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 4 Jan 2007, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 1 Feb 2007 (1♂) (07-SRNP-40058); ec: 3 Feb 2007 (1♀) (07-SRNP-40050), ec: 2 Feb 2007 (1♀) (07-SRNP-40045). Finca Aurita, 460 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.88409">10.88409N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.25728">85.25728W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 23 Nov 2006, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 2 Jan 2007 (1♀) (06-SRNP-44494). Quebrada Guarumo, 400 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.90445">10.90445N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.28412">85.28412W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24 Jul 2006, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 1 Sep 2006 (1♂) (06-SRNP-42634); ec: 1 Sep 2006 (1♀) (06-SRNP-42629); ec: 2 Sep 2006 (1♀) (06-SRNP-42628); ec: 31 Aug 2006 (1♀) (06-SRNP-42631); ec: 1 Sep. 2006 (1♀) (06-SRNP-42632); 3 Mar 2011, A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 11 Apr 2011 (1♂),ec: 10 Apr 2011 (1♀), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asplundis" lsidName="Asplundis utilis" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundis utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11-SRNP-41108, 11-SRNP-41109). Sendero Parcelas, 375 m, 10.90777N, -85.29137, 26 Aug 2004, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ec: 23 Sep 2004 (1♂) (04-SRNP-42252), 25 Sep. 2004 (1♂) (04-SRNP-42253), 25 Sep 2004 (1♂) (04-SRNP-42251), 26 Sep. 2004 (1♂) (04-SRNP-42254), ec: 28 Sep 2004 (1♀) (04-SRNP-42248), ec: 7 Sep 2004 (1♀) (04-SRNP-42249), 29 Sep 2004 (1♀) (04-SRNP-42250). Quebrada Escondida, 420 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.89928">10.89928N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.27486">85.27486W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 4 Mar 2002, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ec: 27 Mar 2002 (1♀) (02-SRNP-6614), ec: 27 Mar 2002 (1♀) (02-SRNP-6613). Camino Porvenir, 383 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.90383">10.90383N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.25964">85.25964W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 5 Feb 2007, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Minor Carmona, ec: 3 Mar 2007 (1♀) (07-SRNP-40382). Sendero Juntas, 400 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.90661">10.90661N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.28784">85.28784W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 21 Jan 2007, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Minor Carmona, ec: 1 Mar 2007 (1♀) (07-SRNP-40231). Guanacaste Province: Sector San Cristobal:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Blanco Abajo, 500 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.90037">10.90037N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.37254">85.37254W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 12 Dec, 2011, C. Cano, ec: 8 Jan 2012 (2♂), ec: 9 Jan 2012 (1♂), ec: 12 Jan 2012 (1♂), ec: 9 Jan 2012 (1♂), r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia microphylla" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microphylla">Asplundia microphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11-SRNP-4889, 11-SRNP-4899, 11-SRNP-4891, 11-SRNP-4904, 11-SRNP-4903). Rio Blanco Abajo, 500 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.90037">10.90037N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.37254">85.37254W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 12 Dec 2011, r.f.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia microphylla" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microphylla">Asplundia microphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Carolina Cano, ec: 10 Jan 2012 (2♂) (11-SRNP-4882, 11-SRNP-4888); ec: 8 Jan 2012 (1♂) (11-SRNP-4886). Sector Pitilla, Quebradona, 475 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.99102">10.99102N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.39539">85.39539W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 21 May 2011, Ricardo Calero, ec: 5 Jun 2011 (1♀), r.f., unknown plant (11-SRNP-71121).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Figures 1-6. Features of the adult of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 1 Head of female (06-SRNP-42632) 2 Wing venation of male (01-SRNP-23411.11) 3 Holotype male (04-SRNP-40557) 4 Paratype female (04-SRNP-40558) 5 Male genitalia; USNM slide 142,039 (04-SRNP-42252) 6 Female genitalia; USNM slide 142,040 (04-SRNP-42248).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Figures 7-8. Early stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 7 Penultimate instar larva 8 Pupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from this one small area of Costa Rica, despite intensive moth collecting throughout Costa Rica by Janzen, Hallwachs, the INBio parataxonomists, and visiting scientists for over 30 years. The entire type series (n = 53) was reared from larvae collected while they were feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Oerst.) Harling and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia microphylla" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microphylla">Asplundia microphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Oerst.) Harling (
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Cyclanthaceae" lsidName="Cyclanthaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">Cyclanthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) growing in the heavily shaded rain forest understory at intermediate elevations (375-500 m) in ACG. Although some rearing records previously reported the food plant as
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Carlodovica" lsidName="Carlodovica costaricensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="costaricensis">Carlodovica costaricensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Cyclanthaceae" lsidName="Cyclanthaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">Cyclanthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), this name is currently considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyclanthaceae" genus="Asplundia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplundia utilis" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">Asplundia utilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Williams 1961), and the project databases have been updated accordingly. With exceedingly few documented exceptions, species of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="tribe" tribe="Sparganothini">Sparganothini</taxonomicName>
|
||
are moderately to highly polyphagous (Powell and
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Brown 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), typically feeding on two or more plant families. Hence, it is interesting that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reared from a single plant genus in ACG, suggesting a high degree of host plant specialization. Of course, this does not preclude the possibility that it feeds on other plants in other parts of its range, wherever that may be. The range of this moth will be difficult to determine given its apparent lack of attraction to lights.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Superficially, the penultimate instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="60" start="start">Sparganocosma</pageBreakToken>
|
||
docsturnerorum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is pale translucent yellow-gold, with fine, long, pale setae from unmarked pinacula (Figure 7). The head is nearly uniformly amber with a small black spot in the stemmatal area. The pupa is typically tortricoid (Figure 8), with two rows of spines on the dorsum of abdominal segments 3-9, and lacks dorsal pits. Development time from prepupa to eclosion required 21-25 days. In the course of the ACG caterpillar inventory through 2011, 223 larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected and reared. From these rearings have emerged 13 solitary parasitoid wasps,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Sphelodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphelodon wardae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wardae">Sphelodon wardae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Godoy & Gauld (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Ichneumonidae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Banchinae">Banchinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the host of which was formerly unknown (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Godoy, C" editor="Gauld, I" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 768" title="III. Tribe Glyptini." volume="66" volumeTitle="The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica, 4." year="2002">Godoy & Gauld 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This wasp oviposits in the larva and exits from the prepupal larva inside the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="moth’s">moth's</normalizedToken>
|
||
cocoon, where it spins its own flimsy cocoon. In the entire ACG caterpillar inventory, about 510,000 wild-caught caterpillars have yielded about 52,000 parasitoid records, of which the 13 records of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Sphelodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphelodon wardae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wardae">Sphelodon wardae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have come only from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, along with four records of an undescribed parasitoid fly (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Actia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Actia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Actia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tachinidae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="family">Tachinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from the same sample of moth larvae. If
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Sphelodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphelodon wardae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wardae">Sphelodon wardae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a specialist on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganocosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganocosma docsturnerorum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docsturnerorum">Sparganocosma docsturnerorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the data suggest, then the geographic distribution of the moth likely includes the localities from which the parasitoid has been recorded - the provinces of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Cartago, Guanacaste, and Heredia, at elevations between 400 and 1000 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
|
||
The near absence of field-collected adults (we examined one genitalia slide of a presumably light-collected specimen from the OET
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
|
||
Biologica La Selva, Heredia, Costa Rica, but could not locate the associated adult) suggests that this species is not attracted to light, especially since light-trapping has been conducted on many nights during the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Lepidoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lepidoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
inventory of this ACG rain forest ecosystem (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Janzen, DH" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" title="Integration of DNA barcoding into an ongoing inventory of complex tropical biodiversity. Molecular Ecology Resources 9 (Supplement 1): 1 - 26." url="10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02628.x" year="2009">Janzen et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A similar phenomenon is observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Aesiocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aesiocopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aesiocopa</taxonomicName>
|
||
where the vast majority of specimens has been either reared or collected from malaise traps (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Brown in press</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, virtually all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Amorbia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amorbia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amorbia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sparganothoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sparganothoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sparganothoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Coelostathma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coelostathma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coelostathma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Platynota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platynota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Platynota</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and other ACG sparganothines are frequently encountered at lights and/or collected in light traps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
|
||
The specific epithet is a patronym for Drs. John Turner and Nancy Turner of Ardmore, Tennessee, USA, whose intense curiosity about tropical
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Lepidoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lepidoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
in general, and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Riodinidae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="family">Riodinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
specifically, has psychologically and financially strongly supported the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Lepidoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lepidoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
inventory of ACG.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |