140 lines
14 KiB
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140 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.050.0103" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fc8e93d-0d6c-4cfb-b2cd-e4c1dee3cb33" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7649511" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" checkinTime="1676639546462" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Selden, Paul A., Anderson, Heidi M. & Anderson, John M." docDate="2009" docId="E4778B174719F308FE976C811F4CF969" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.50.1.105-116.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 50 (1)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.050.0103" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.2:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Triassaraneus andersonorum Selden 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="184EF36F471FF30EFFB06F3F1B1DFFEE" masterDocTitle="A review of the fossil record of spiders (Araneae) with special reference to Africa, and description of a new specimen from the Triassic Molteno Formation of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="105" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1677097981766" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the fossil record of spiders (Araneae) with special reference to Africa, and description of a new specimen from the Triassic Molteno Formation of South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Selden, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Paleontological Institute and Department of Geology, University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045 USA; Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">selden@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anderson, Heidi M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, P. Bag X 101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">preherb@nbipre.nbi.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anderson, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, P. Bag X 101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-06-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>50</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>105</mods:start>
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<mods:end>105</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.050.0103</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5733/afin.050.0103</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">3fc8e93d-0d6c-4cfb-b2cd-e4c1dee3cb33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7649511</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4778B174719F308FE976C811F4CF969" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4778B174719F308FE976C811F4CF969" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
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<subSubSection box="[295,952,958,983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[144,1105,958,1671]" box="[295,952,958,983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
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<heading box="[295,952,958,983]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Selden" authorityName="Selden" authorityYear="1999" box="[295,707,958,983]" class="Arachnida" genus="Triassaraneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andersonorum">
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<emphasis box="[295,624,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Triassaraneus andersonorum</emphasis>
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Selden
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation author="SELDEN, P. A. & ANDERSON, J. M. & ANDERSON, H. M. & FRASER, N. C." box="[743,952,958,983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" pagination="401 - 414" refId="ref7431" refString="SELDEN, P. A., ANDERSON, J. M., ANDERSON, H. M. & FRASER, N. C. 1999. Fossil araneomorph spiders from the Triassic of South Africa and Virginia. Journal of Arachnology 27: 401 - 414." type="journal article" year="1999">
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Selden
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<emphasis box="[826,875,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">et al</emphasis>
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., 1999
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</bibRefCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[575,672,998,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[144,1105,958,1671]" box="[575,672,998,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
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<figureCitation box="[575,672,998,1023]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Figs 4, 5" captionStartId-0="5.[179,212,1601,1621]" captionStartId-1="7.[182,221,1604,1624]" captionTargetBox-0="[187,656,1070,1582]" captionTargetBox-1="[221,1101,207,1580]" captionTargetId-0="figure-368@5.[187,656,1070,1582]" captionTargetId-1="figure-62@7.[221,1101,669,1580]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Fig. 3. Holotype of Triassaraneus andersonorum from the Triassic (Carnian) Molteno Formation, Upper Umkomaas ‘Waterfall Locality’ (UMK III), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: (A) photograph in incident light under ethanol, (B) camera lucida drawing. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-1="Figs 4, 5. T. andersonorum specimen PRE-F 17234 Tel 111 from Telemachus Spruit: (4) camera lucida illustration, (5) actual fossil dry (A) and under ethanol (B). Abbreviations: fe – femur, mt – metatarsus, pa – patella, ta – tarsus, ti – tibia. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7649523" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7649527" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7649523/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7649527/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Figs 3–5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[144,1105,958,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="PRE/F, UMK" country="South Africa" location="Upper Umkomaas" municipality="Upper Umkomaas" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" specimenCode="18560a, 18560b, III" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
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Material examined:
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<collectingCountry box="[338,512,1036,1056]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis box="[524,669,1037,1057]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
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<collectingRegion box="[524,669,1037,1057]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<typeStatus box="[685,772,1036,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode box="[781,843,1036,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">PRE/F</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode box="[852,921,1036,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">18560a</specimenCode>
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(part) and
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<specimenCode box="[1034,1103,1036,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">18560b</specimenCode>
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(counterpart), immature or mature female from
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<collectingMunicipality box="[573,738,1060,1080]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Upper Umkomaas</collectingMunicipality>
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‘Waterfall Locality’ (
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<collectionCode box="[932,986,1060,1080]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">UMK</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode box="[992,1018,1060,1080]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">III</specimenCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="PRE/F" country="South Africa" location="Eastern Cape" municipality="Upper Umkomaas" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" specimenCode="17234" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
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<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectionCode box="[206,266,1084,1104]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">PRE/F</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode box="[275,332,1084,1104]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">17234</specimenCode>
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Tel 111, immature from Telemachus Spruit locality (
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<bibRefCitation author="ANDERSON, J. M. & ANDERSON, H. M." box="[833,1100,1084,1104]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" refId="ref4807" refString="ANDERSON, J. M. & ANDERSON, H. M. 1983. Palaeoflora of southern Africa. Molteno Formation (Triassic) Volume 1. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema." type="book" year="1983">Anderson & Anderson 1983</bibRefCitation>
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, 1984).
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</materialsCitation>
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<collectorName box="[205,234,1108,1128]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">All</collectorName>
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material from from
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<collectorName box="[414,509,1108,1128]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Member Z</collectorName>
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of the
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<collectorName box="[568,683,1108,1128]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Late Triassic</collectorName>
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(Carnian)
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<collectorName box="[778,953,1108,1128]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Molteno Formation</collectorName>
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and deposited in the palaeobotanical collection of the
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4778B174719F308FE976C811F4CF969:69016CDA4719F308FE6E6B531864FB6E" box="[478,889,1132,1152]" country="South Africa" municipality="Upper Umkomaas" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">South African National Biodiversity Institute</location>
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,
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<collectorName box="[897,976,1132,1152]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Pretoria.</collectorName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[144,1105,958,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
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Description of new specimen: The specimen is preserved as brown, organic cuticle on a pale, grey-brown shale. The shale is splintery and pieces readily fall away. Scattered throughout the shale are abundant plant remains, including on the fossil slab a male cone of Ginkgoopsida. Parts of at least three legs are preserved, though it is not possible to determine which legs these are. No body parts are preserved. On the right in
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figs 4, 5" captionStartId="7.[182,221,1604,1624]" captionTargetBox="[221,1101,207,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-62@7.[221,1101,669,1580]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 4, 5. T. andersonorum specimen PRE-F 17234 Tel 111 from Telemachus Spruit: (4) camera lucida illustration, (5) actual fossil dry (A) and under ethanol (B). Abbreviations: fe – femur, mt – metatarsus, pa – patella, ta – tarsus, ti – tibia. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7649527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7649527/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
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is a nearly complete walking leg, showing most of the femur to the tarsus. On the left are some of the opposing walking legs, but less complete. Note that in
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<figureCitation box="[925,1012,1358,1383]" captionStart="Figs 4, 5" captionStartId="7.[182,221,1604,1624]" captionTargetBox="[221,1101,207,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-62@7.[221,1101,669,1580]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 4, 5. T. andersonorum specimen PRE-F 17234 Tel 111 from Telemachus Spruit: (4) camera lucida illustration, (5) actual fossil dry (A) and under ethanol (B). Abbreviations: fe – femur, mt – metatarsus, pa – patella, ta – tarsus, ti – tibia. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7649527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7649527/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
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, there is a loose piece of matrix bearing parts of a leg; this became detached and is not present in
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<figureCitation box="[144,228,1422,1447]" captionStart="Figs 4, 5" captionStartId="7.[182,221,1604,1624]" captionTargetBox="[221,1101,207,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-62@7.[221,1101,669,1580]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 4, 5. T. andersonorum specimen PRE-F 17234 Tel 111 from Telemachus Spruit: (4) camera lucida illustration, (5) actual fossil dry (A) and under ethanol (B). Abbreviations: fe – femur, mt – metatarsus, pa – patella, ta – tarsus, ti – tibia. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7649527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7649527/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
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(under ethanol), which therefore reveals more of the tibia of on the left-hand walking legs. The walking legs bear setae on all podomeres, and larger, thin spines on all podomeres except the tarsus. These spines, for example on the right leg patella and tibia, are long, thin and erect.Although tarsal claws cannot be seen,it is certain from the shape of this podomere (only preserved on the right side) that its distal end is present, so the claws must be small. There is no evidence of tarsal scopulae or claw tufts. The legs appear to be rather short, although the only one which is nearly completely preserved, on the right, may be a third leg,which is commonly short in orbicularians (orb-web weavers).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |