187 lines
22 KiB
XML
187 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CE0165FCDA0DAC24E17AB06A5E6F9F94">Collembola of the genus Protaphorura Absolon, 1901 (Onychiuridae) in the Eastern Palearctic: morphology, distribution, identification key</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD7E02DF87054D4DDA582CA6C0F2E8E8">Kaprus', Igor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6D930BFE1229C54AC426ACBA928870D5">Weiner, Wanda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="95BB5D757FB4862F24AAD61D79AC907E">Pasnik, Grzegorz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="77704BC40D9327D91A9DA6DA3EE0047E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="87DA70790127F87D594A2C416318F5EB">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0FC156D7474D918769C560D23E3BF17F">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2937E9CC07D55BE795AAD427F2F38EEE">620</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="63594CE275F96D3FEE3A16F4F008C79F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C74DF5268360626314A50F0652E8FDAC" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.620.9372</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E41090E1B292CF536F85E48C1140B874" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127883999" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3FC95D7C-4065-4C63-989F-FBD2B1635E9F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E41090E1B292CF536F85E48C1140B874" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" scope_class="Collembola" scope_family="Onychiuridae">
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<subSubSection id="65C2C6FA41D34FAF55FBA1410C2C9180" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="CF61F56AF4804900CA0E4F9A90ACE247" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">Taxon classification Animalia Collembola Onychiuridae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D1A22DF9905C8DBDA11FE980472FF727" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="78DC051E7566A26BF8B4CBD860C67765" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">
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<taxonomicName id="B1BDD1D10CAC2553F42FBF6A859ACD98" LSID="http://zoobank.org/3FC95D7C-4065-4C63-989F-FBD2B1635E9F" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura oligopseudocellata" order="Collembola" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" rank="species" species="oligopseudocellata">Protaphorura oligopseudocellata</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3977697C88DCBAB9AAEBB603F9710B01" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 26-32, 58
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5886EB699A965A7D1F7A462CAD3E7CB3" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="56644EE5D5BD2DF33CE1F7251D18FF34" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">
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<pageBreakToken id="7C6D95A34EB66588BE283FF615C4E3DE" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7249DB4DAAB1952AE77540B8B6885432" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">
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Holotype (female): Russia, Siberia, Western Sayan, Oiskii Mt. Range, vicinity of weather station Olenya Rechka, mountain tundra with
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<taxonomicName id="B93AFCFC4F1B5D9C6E5B872494428FEA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula rotundifolia" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rotundifolia">Betula rotundifolia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="EBCC07793C8ADC2E0499405E369D5313" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
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sp,
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<taxonomicName id="080E7F15DD842B6504DBFE56DBCC6093" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sphagnum" order="Sphagnales" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">Sphagnum</taxonomicName>
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sp., 1800 m alt., in moss and soil,
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<geoCoordinate id="8986782018CFE8CC340255B3D4D92005" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.8">52°48'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="404D6B0FB4BF31926C593FC30CB97DDB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="93.21667">93°13'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 27.VI.1990, leg. S.K. Stebaeva (SNHM). Paratypes: 3 females and juvenile, same data as holotype (ISEA - 1 paratype, MSPU - 1 paratype and juvenile).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="368268AB97E765E998FF67A159E8C7C4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="1F0175F5DC92C0997618FA3E87F25D75" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4DB07F578B3351F0FC695E3D3B90A0CA" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">
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PAO with 32-34 simple vesicles. Pso formula dorsally 32/011/22232, ventrally 1/000/0000, subcoxae 1 of
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<normalizedToken id="926CDBBB050A5869B30BD2F27FE42DE6" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
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legs without pso. Psx formula on Abd. sterna: 111000. Th. tergum I with 23
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<normalizedToken id="63B9D218D3B9137B151BE757D3DB33FA" originalValue="–25+23–">-25+23-</normalizedToken>
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25 chaetae, one, two or three chaetae m present.
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<pageBreakToken id="E29CAFD7D5D054DFA6221146260F95B5" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" start="start">Chaetae</pageBreakToken>
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s' present on Abd. terga
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<normalizedToken id="DF3539CA6787A7F1B4238EFF09623897" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
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and absent or present on Abd. tergum V. Manubrial field with 12-13 chaetae in three rows. Claw with pair of lateral denticles.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0CBAB0AB96CCC229CBA92B998D724314" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1C730387C7DD76E147B4D001A38C6E69" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A090E170D488329D9C38BAB71729F1C2" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
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Holotype (female) length 2.2 mm, length of paratypes: 2.0-2.3 mm (females). Shape of body typical of the genus: cylindrical with strong AS on distinct pa
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<pageBreakToken id="CA72A2F7D53EC2557531943D8C54A0D5" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" start="start">pillae</pageBreakToken>
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(Fig. 26). Colour in alcohol yellowish-white. Granulation more or less uniform, distinct. Usually 7-10 grains around each pso.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="96A1F6EE0008ED01A639ED2AE8AEF259" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
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<paragraph id="76B06C8DDBC1F6E3FFF507EDA0D2E286" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
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Figures 26-32.
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<taxonomicName id="7973161202F3D0849A56D58073D9C3D3" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura oligopseudocellata" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligopseudocellata">Protaphorura oligopseudocellata</taxonomicName>
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: 26 habitus and dorsal chaetotaxy 27PAO and anterior cephalic pseudocelli 28 dorsal side of Ant. IIIIV 29 and 30 distal part of leg III 31 right part of head ventrally 32 chaetotaxy of Abd. sternum IV.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="0EB9A4FB312490673CB9D4AD61EC35B2" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Antennae as long as the head, their base well marked. Ant. I with 11-12 chaetae, Ant. II with 18 chaetae. AIIIO consisting of 5 guard chaetae, 5 papillae, 2 smooth sensory rods, 2 straight and granulated sensory clubs, ventro-lateral microsensillum present (Fig. 28). Ant. IV with subapical organite in unprotected cavity without clear cuticular papilla. Microsensillum on Ant. IV in usual position above second proximal row of chaetae. Ventrally Ant. IV with numerous chaetae (ca. 74-78). Sensilla indistinct on antennal segment IV (Fig. 28).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9F86494F681A64AD9448506B63A6D9CC" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
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PAO relatively small, consisting of 32-34 simple vesicles (Fig. 27). Labral formula of chaetae: 4/342. Maxillary outer lobe with simple palp, basal chaeta and with two sublobal hairs. Labial palp of type A. Labium with 7 proximal, 4 basomedian (E, F, G, and f), and 6 basolateral chaetae (a, b, c, d, e,
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<normalizedToken id="57F89919AB83C5D85F6138635AEEFBE5" originalValue="e’">e'</normalizedToken>
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). Papillae A-E with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae respectively.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E4718AD961900A06B07B1F987AA05AA5" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
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Pso formula dorsally 32/011/22232, ventrally 1/000/0000 (Figs 26, 31, 32). Subcoxae 1 of
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<normalizedToken id="40C2C2E7AA05D552EBA734DBC5A8ED44" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
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legs without pso and with one psx each. Psx formula 1/000/111000. Th. terga II and III with 1+1, 1+1 psx in lateral position (Fig. 26). Psp formula dorsally 0/011/1111, ventrally 0/111/01m1m1m, coxae with 1 psp.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10B5340877C93B1E40BDE0BA408A60CF" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
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Dorsal chaetotaxy plurichaetotic, usually with some asymmetry, all dorsal chaetae rather short (except macrochaetae), well differentiated into macro- meso- and microchaetae, as in Fig. 26. Sensory chaetae s indistinct on body. On head p2 chaetae are displaced forward in relation to p1 and p3. Chaetae p6 on head located anterior to pseudocelli b (Fig. 26). Th. tergum I with 23
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<normalizedToken id="F539257AD028ADBF544BF8DFC5E12239" originalValue="–25+23–">-25+23-</normalizedToken>
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25 chaetae, 1-3 chaetae m and 1-2 chaetae i present (chaetotaxy type i(1
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<normalizedToken id="9EF8FBDC2EDBD15334F3F4B888335298" originalValue="–2)3–4m(1–">-2)3-4m(1-</normalizedToken>
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3)). Both Th. terga II and III with lateral microsensilla and with 6+6 or 7+7 axial microchaetae. Chaetae s' present on Abd. terga
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<normalizedToken id="AB034531F2C66AE53F97D29E35FCD21B" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
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and absent or present on Abd. tergum V (Fig. 26). On Abd. tergum IV in axial area between M2 and P2 macrochaetae located 23-24 chaetae, medial chaetae p0 and m0 present (sometimes these chaetae absent). Abd. tergum V with one unpaired microchaeta p0 (Fig. 26). Abd. tergum VI with medial chaetae m0. Relative position of prespinal microchaetae of convergent type (Fig. 26). M/s ratio on Abd. tergum V as 23.5-23.9/15 (AS = 10). AS 0.7-0.8 times as long as inner edge of claw and 2.3 times longer than their basal diameter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="637BD53BE4ADD3A10EBA0085082D91E2" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
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Chaetotaxy of ventral side of head as in Fig. 31. Perilabial area with 4
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<normalizedToken id="598874385E93B5F25EA74D4A9C32A827" originalValue="–5+4–">-5+4-</normalizedToken>
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5 a-chaetae. Postlabial chaetae 4-5+4-5 along ventral groove. Thoracic sterna
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<normalizedToken id="60089C6899FCFA0EB739E75770F92A49" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
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with 1+1, 2
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<normalizedToken id="72E7941B8C2B4D0E4AB16658DA7B7285" originalValue="–3+2–">-3+2-</normalizedToken>
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3, 2
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<normalizedToken id="5414BEF62AFD6196982B982BF2B3D9ED" originalValue="–3+2–">-3+2-</normalizedToken>
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3 chaetae respectively. VT with ca. 10+10 chaetae, and 2-3 chaetae at base. Chaetotaxy of Abd. sternum IV as in Fig. 32. Furcal rudiment: cuticular fold (located near the middle of sternum) with 2+2 dental microchaetae in 2 rows. Chaetotaxy of manubrial field: 4-5 chaetae present in ma-row, 4 chaetae in mm-row, 4 chaetae in mp-row (in adult specimens) (Fig. 32). Each lateral anal valves with a0, 2a1 and 2a2; upper anal valve with chaetae a0, 2a2, 2b1, 2b2, c0, 2c1 and 2c2 (as in
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<taxonomicName id="D6B6DEFED53B50D6034182355D8F46D5" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura jernika" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jernika">Protaphorura jernika</taxonomicName>
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, Fig. 58).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="051A1F667E0A6A6A94CA1A950357905B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
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Subcoxae 1 of I, II and III legs with 6-8, 7-8, 7-9 chaetae, subcoxae 2 with 1, 5, 5, coxae with 4, 10, 15, trochanters with 13, 15, 15, femora with 21, 23, 22-23,
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<pageBreakToken id="A2F407FA5266C8B3275A73C79CD3FFBB" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" start="start">tibiotarsi</pageBreakToken>
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with four rows of chaetae (distal whorl (A+T)+B+C): 11+8+3-4, 11+8+5-6, 11+8+5 chaetae respectively. Claw with strong denticle in 1/2 of inner edge of claw and pair of lateral denticles (Figs 29, 30). Empodial appendage 0.9 times as long as inner edge of claw, without basal lamella (Fig. 29).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1D075A5F8B2B4562123889540E12C907" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="0DF1FE72AECC59EFF3D4EFFF37456040" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4828A48D972F3182D713E41A60D83AF1" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
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The name of the new species refers to the Latin oligo (a few) and pseudocellus (false ocellus) ‒ characteristic structure in
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<taxonomicName id="4B71976015C1BB3232D71D77C02FAC27" lsidName="Onychiuroidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Onychiuroidea">Onychiuroidea</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1BE6BFFD0E50AC5F521C9D2E0D95B52B" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="38E7C9F1C39491D0E25BFDAB5B0A4D47" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1DDE17D1BAC9FBB4B565E443A91AB7E1" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="F286E9BFD767662E2D82E30C5FDDFE5A" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura oligopseudocellata" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligopseudocellata">Protaphorura oligopseudocellata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is characterized by the reduced number of pso on body dorsally - 32/011/22232. Only four species with 1+1 pso on Th. tergum III is currently known:
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<taxonomicName id="F1AE20B1B98FAB56475957179B0CA412" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura januarii" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="januarii">Protaphorura januarii</taxonomicName>
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(Weiner, 1977),
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<taxonomicName id="5E823EF7AF1A55F60173CF910B18584C" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura stiriaca" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stiriaca">Protaphorura stiriaca</taxonomicName>
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(Stach, 1946),
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<taxonomicName id="A10B401B45B7E7AAA3B97FEDF5A1223E" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura pseudostyriaca" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudostyriaca">Protaphorura pseudostyriaca</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loksa, 1964) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5BCBD891A21835EDA544C8FFA8E66042" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura pseudarmata" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudarmata">Protaphorura pseudarmata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Folsom, 1917). The first three species are described from Europe and the last one from North America. Among these species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B689158435FAD002DB2447F797B8A1D7" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura oligopseudocellata" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligopseudocellata">Protaphorura oligopseudocellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is probably the most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B51FBFC77B4857DCBE4FB38B163A0B1" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura januarii" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="januarii">Protaphorura januarii</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4A95E582A2FB45AA6B393FC647EDFDF" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura stiriaca" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stiriaca">Protaphorura stiriaca</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the absence of pso on subcoxa 1 of all legs and some similarity of dorsal pso formulae. The new species can be easily distinguished from these species by the number of pso on Abd. terga
|
||
<normalizedToken id="45D662F78CE5E84138CD66DE79492745" originalValue="I–V">I-V</normalizedToken>
|
||
(22232 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3BF45F1A045345A79D4E4BCEFBBDB805" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura oligopseudocellata" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligopseudocellata">Protaphorura oligopseudocellata</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., 23232 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7145805C6EA7FC59F9AD4DC43B2D7AC" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura januarii" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="januarii">Protaphorura januarii</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 33232 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44321C990FF7153CB7EE3C19A87E7EA0" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura stiriaca" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stiriaca">Protaphorura stiriaca</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the plurichaetotic chaetotaxy and by the presence of strong lateral denticles on claws and 1+1 pso on head ventrally (lateral denticles and pso absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2C7CED57A8117248718D4313A7BFB6A" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura januarii" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="januarii">Protaphorura januarii</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68D3BD58D9CFB2209F10805A48DA31D6" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protaphorura stiriaca" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stiriaca">Protaphorura stiriaca</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |