1053 lines
146 KiB
XML
1053 lines
146 KiB
XML
<document id="8B817B22B0B73EB681563BC198A32BD3" ID-CLB-Dataset="29072" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4457.1.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="34fb1035-aa5a-4db3-a54a-de0f1dfad730" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1457667" ID-ZooBank="C4AF631F-EE68-43CB-88C1-E6586B7511C3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539263901728" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Souza, Rafael Gomes De, Riff, Douglas, De Souza-Filho, Jonas P. & Kellner, Alexander W. A." docDate="2018" docId="E410470DFFE4FD5ABEC0552EFF5EFB6B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4457.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4457 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gryposuchus jessei Gurich 1912" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="176" masterDocId="18293F75FFE6FD53BE575351FFB5FFAE" masterDocTitle="Revisiting Gryposuchus jessei Gürich, 1912 (Crocodylia: Gavialoidea): specimen description and comments on the genus" masterLastPageNumber="178" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="169" updateTime="1732821378037" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A3F967ED41558367EDEFE5A9B40717B5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8B665743D74B224624A954D3D7FCF02C">
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<mods:title id="7E872DDA6A77E5A915C08259C155908F">Revisiting Gryposuchus jessei Gürich, 1912 (Crocodylia: Gavialoidea): specimen description and comments on the genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="C54B95449815DCA99EB50F78502E3D00" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="36FCD03535EE8ACE430DBCA716E7FB70">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6D61318830FFA8E9BCA3DF591E1EC9DF">Souza, Rafael Gomes De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="AC1F0973994818BF89E52A59B5929E70" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E22FEBF8AC77C63BFA2BDBF611A85BCB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BB9725BEF7FB307119DCBF4B02423BD4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E4E4C1D471C47780ADFD37FD1D5F2122">Riff, Douglas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="17990FA84E4829420247A51ACBBEC855">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="580EF8369A052D848323F732EE386214">De Souza-Filho, Jonas P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2AAA3D12D9FB98DBEBD39E9DCA5A740A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="0A354D73D91D53A60BBD6AA7776810ED">
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<mods:roleTerm id="11FA052BFE58EA948C1CB8E4AD9CB3FE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CEC6988EC7563006F9201A7B2608CBA9">Kellner, Alexander W. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D5BE35259B012F3CA1E33879FC47AAEE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="87CD7132A7E2352F7FCE489922D0FFC7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2FF73A1E5CEBB628520CE14481620C7F">
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<mods:date id="1918C388ECAD6486104239CACF6635EA">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7BB487F6A3AD2159B9E2853646925808">2018-08-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="43C11206A24B1941372636338F2CB69F">4457</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="B458E6933F78CE4EC99FDBA07E2404AC" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="40C99434CED579286E0201908BB71F68">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D00B45DB24D7E8A968D48A22F26F310A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="E410470DFFE4FD5ABEC0552EFF5EFB6B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5966405" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148691941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5966405" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E410470DFFE4FD5ABEC0552EFF5EFB6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E410470DFFE4FD5ABEC0552EFF5EFB6B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" scope_class="Crocodylia" scope_order="Crocodylia">
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<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE4FD51BEC0552EFDACF914" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE4FD51BEC0552EFD9CF937" blockId="2.[151,553,1663,1722]" box="[151,553,1663,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="374E4177FFE4FD51BEC0552EFD9CF937" bold="true" box="[151,553,1663,1689]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE4FD51BEC0552EFD9CF937" authority="Gurich, 1912" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,553,1663,1689]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BEC0552EFD9CF937" bold="true" box="[151,553,1663,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BEC0552EFECAF937" bold="true" box="[151,383,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE4FD51BFD1552EFD9CF937" box="[390,553,1663,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" refId="ref5698" refString="GuriCh, G. (1912) Gryposuchus jessei, ein neues sChmalsChmauziges KroKodile aus dens jungeren Ablagerungen des oberen Amazonas-Gebietes. Jahrbuch der Hambugischen Wissenschaftlichen Austalten, 29, 59 - 71." type="journal article">Gürich, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE4FD51BEC055F0FDACF914" blockId="2.[151,553,1663,1722]" box="[151,537,1697,1722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
|
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE4FD51BEC955F0FEB5F914" box="[158,256,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gryposuchus jessei holotype (unnumbered). (a, b) Gryposuchus jessei holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE4FD51BF5B55F3FEA9F914" box="[268,284,1698,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE4FD51BF7F55F3FE22F914" box="[296,407,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">4a and 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE4FD51BFF455F0FDA5F914" box="[419,528,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">5a and 5b</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE4FD51BEC055B8FC1FF8C0" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE4FD51BEC055B8FC1FF8C0" blockId="2.[151,1436,1769,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BEC055B8FEBDF8AC" bold="true" box="[151,264,1769,1794]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE4FD51BEC055B8FF4AF8AC" box="[151,255,1769,1794]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" type="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BEC055B8FF4AF8AC" bold="true" box="[151,255,1769,1794]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Unnumbered specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE4FD51BC6055B8FD15F8AC" box="[567,672,1769,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gryposuchus jessei holotype (unnumbered). (a, b) Gryposuchus jessei holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), well preserved distal end of a rostrum, previously housed at Mineralogisch-Geologische Institut (formerly part of the deactivated Naturhistorisches Museum), of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7D38F9FFE4FD51BB7B545CFA2DF888" box="[1324,1432,1805,1830]" country="Germany" name="Hamburg" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Hamburg</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14AEB68BFFE4FD51BEC05463FF4AF8E4" box="[151,255,1842,1866]" name="Germany" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE4FD51BF465460FE1DF8E4" box="[273,424,1841,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" refId="ref5698" refString="GuriCh, G. (1912) Gryposuchus jessei, ein neues sChmalsChmauziges KroKodile aus dens jungeren Ablagerungen des oberen Amazonas-Gebietes. Jahrbuch der Hambugischen Wissenschaftlichen Austalten, 29, 59 - 71." type="journal article">Gürich 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE4FD51BFA25460FDE2F8E4" box="[501,599,1841,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is considered as lost since the Second World War, probably due to the bombing of 1943 (Ulrich Kotthoffpe, personal communication, 2014).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE4FD50BE905428FC6BFD63" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE4FD50BE905428FD52FEEE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1769,2010]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1977]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BE905428FE29F83C" bold="true" box="[199,412,1913,1938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BE905428FE26F83C" bold="true" box="[199,403,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Revised diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE4FD51BFF3542BFDC9F83F" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[420,636,1914,1938]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BFF3542BFDC9F83F" box="[420,636,1914,1938]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents the following unique combination of features distinguishing it from other species of this genus: 1) the third premaxillary alveoli is aligned with the first maxillary alveoli (shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE4FD51BE865493FEF3F877" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[209,326,1986,2009]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BE865493FEF3F877" box="[209,326,1986,2009]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">G. croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE4FD51BF285493FD99F874" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[383,556,1986,2010]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BF285493FD99F874" box="[383,556,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">G. pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 2) the first premaxillary alveoli is bigger than the third one (shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE4FD50BBD35493FEB4FF1E" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="2" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE4FD51BBD35493FA20F877" box="[1412,1429,1986,2009]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="169">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BEC053C8FEB4FF1E" box="[151,257,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BF6A53C9FE58FF1E" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[317,493,152,176]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BF6A53C9FEFBFF01" box="[317,334,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BF3753C9FE58FF1E" box="[352,493,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 3) incisive foramen longer than wide, with a medial anterior process within its posterior margin (shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BFBB53EDFD2CFF7A" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[492,665,188,212]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BFBB53EDFE48FF7D" box="[492,509,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BC5B53EDFD2CFF7A" box="[524,665,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 4) external naris wider than long (shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BAEA53EDFADEFF7A" baseAuthorityName="Langston" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1213,1387,188,212]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BAEA53EDFB7BFF7D" box="[1213,1230,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BA8B53EDFADEFF7A" box="[1244,1387,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 5) well-marked notch between the fourth premaxillary and first maxillary alveoli (shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BA9453B1FAC7FF56" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[1219,1394,224,248]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BA9453B1FB61FF59" box="[1219,1236,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BAB253B1FAC7FF56" box="[1253,1394,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BBD353B1FE93FEB2" baseAuthorityName="Langston" baseAuthorityYear="1965" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BBD353B1FA20FF59" box="[1412,1429,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BEC05255FE93FEB2" box="[151,294,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BF335255FE6DFEB2" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[356,472,260,284]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BF335255FEC0FEB5" box="[356,373,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BFD35254FE6DFEB2" box="[388,472,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and, 6) wedge-shaped premaxillary posterior process in dorsal view extending until the fourth maxillary alveoli (shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BC345279FD63FE91" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[611,726,296,319]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BC345279FDC1FE91" box="[611,628,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BCD55279FD63FE91" box="[642,726,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE5FD50BE90521AFC6BFD63" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BE90521AFEE2FECB" bold="true" box="[199,343,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BE90521AFEFBFECA" bold="true" box="[199,334,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE5FD50BFCF521DFE4FFECB" box="[408,506,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected on the margins of the Pauynim River (correct spelling Pauini), a tributary of the Purus River,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7D38F9FFE5FD50BF8A5221FDE6FE26" box="[477,595,368,392]" country="Brazil" name="Amazonas" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
|
||
State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14AEB68BFFE5FD50BCF5523EFD53FE26" box="[674,742,367,392]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BCA0523EFC3CFE26" box="[759,905,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref5698" refString="GuriCh, G. (1912) Gryposuchus jessei, ein neues sChmalsChmauziges KroKodile aus dens jungeren Ablagerungen des oberen Amazonas-Gebietes. Jahrbuch der Hambugischen Wissenschaftlichen Austalten, 29, 59 - 71." type="journal article">Gürich 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; locality F-
|
||
<quantity id="AB415BFEFFE5FD50BA5B5221FB82FE26" box="[1036,1079,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BA685221FAAAFE26" box="[1087,1311,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref6473" refString="Campos, D. A., Alves, E. D. O. & Campos, D. R. B. (1976) LoCalidades fossiliferas da Folha SC. 19 Rio BranCo. In: Silva, L. L., Rivetti, M., Del'arCo, J. O., Almeida, L. F. G., Dreher, A. M. & Tassinari, C. C. G. (Eds.), Geologia. Projeto RadamBrasil, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 65 - 79. [Levantamento de reCursos naturais 12]" type="journal article">
|
||
Campos
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BAF45220FB61FE26" box="[1187,1236,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BB7B523EFA3FFE26" box="[1324,1418,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,943,965]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,195,918]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1436,195,918]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the speCimens loCalities. a) Map of South AmeriCa indiCating the region were the Gryposuchus jessei holotype and UFAC 1272 was found in blaCk box; b) Zoom in the blaCk box area, F-2 Corresponding to type loCality of Gryposuchus jessei, and the Sena Madureira muniCipality were UFAC 1272 was ColleCted. Modified from Hsiou et al. 2009." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457669/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The referred material UFAC 1272 was collected in the Sena Madureira locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BA7D52C5FB3FFE02" box="[1066,1162,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,943,965]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,195,918]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1436,195,918]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the speCimens loCalities. a) Map of South AmeriCa indiCating the region were the Gryposuchus jessei holotype and UFAC 1272 was found in blaCk box; b) Zoom in the blaCk box area, F-2 Corresponding to type loCality of Gryposuchus jessei, and the Sena Madureira muniCipality were UFAC 1272 was ColleCted. Modified from Hsiou et al. 2009." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457669/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both specimens come from layers regarded to belong to the uppermost sequence of the Solimões Formation (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7D38F9FFE5FD50BA2252E9FB18FE7E" box="[1141,1197,440,464]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Acre</collectingRegion>
|
||
Basin). These layers were dated as upper Miocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BC4F528DFC80FE5A" box="[536,821,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref6216" refString="Latrubesse, E. M., Cozzuol, M., Silva-Caminha, S. A. F., Rigsby, C. A., Absy, M. L. & Jaramillo, C. (2010) The Late MioCene paleogeography of the Amazon Basin and the evolution of the Amazon River system. Earth-Science Reviews, 99 (3 - 4), 99 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. earsCirev. 2010.02.005" type="journal article">
|
||
Latrubesse
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BCF4528CFD6EFE5A" box="[675,731,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), based on palynology, vertebrate and invertebrate biostratigraphy from a few localities of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7D38F9FFE5FD50BCD55151FD0DFDB6" box="[642,696,512,536]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Acre</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7D38F9FFE5FD50BCA75151FCD3FDB6" box="[752,870,512,536]" country="Brazil" name="Amazonas" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
|
||
States. It should be noted that the localities of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BEC05175FE9EFD92" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,299,548,572]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BEC05175FE9EFD92" box="[151,299,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens studied here were not included in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BD075175FBD9FD92" box="[848,1132,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref6216" refString="Latrubesse, E. M., Cozzuol, M., Silva-Caminha, S. A. F., Rigsby, C. A., Absy, M. L. & Jaramillo, C. (2010) The Late MioCene paleogeography of the Amazon Basin and the evolution of the Amazon River system. Earth-Science Reviews, 99 (3 - 4), 99 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. earsCirev. 2010.02.005" type="journal article">
|
||
Latrubesse
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BD825174FBBFFD92" box="[981,1034,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The Solimões Formation exhibits an extensive temporal range, from the Eocene to Pliocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BDDE5116FBA3FDCE" box="[905,1046,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref5523" refString="Cunha, P. R. C. (2007) BaCia ACre. Boletim Geociencias Petrobras, 15, 207 - 2015." type="journal article">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14AEB68BFFE5FD50BDDE5116FC61FDCE" box="[905,980,583,608]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and present several reverse faults (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BEC9513DFE35FD2B" box="[158,384,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref6473" refString="Campos, D. A., Alves, E. D. O. & Campos, D. R. B. (1976) LoCalidades fossiliferas da Folha SC. 19 Rio BranCo. In: Silva, L. L., Rivetti, M., Del'arCo, J. O., Almeida, L. F. G., Dreher, A. M. & Tassinari, C. C. G. (Eds.), Geologia. Projeto RadamBrasil, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 65 - 79. [Levantamento de reCursos naturais 12]" type="journal article">
|
||
Campos
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BF53513CFE82FD2A" box="[260,311,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that can bring older rocks to the surface. Therefore, the lack of proper stratigraphic studies including the Pauini River and the Sena Madureira locality make the age inference dubious (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BA8551C1FA2DFD06" box="[1234,1432,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref6879" refString="Souza, R. G., Cidade, G. M., Campos, D. A. & Riff, D. (2016) New CroCodylian remains from the Solimoes Formation (Lower EoCene - PlioCene), State of ACre, southwestern brazilian Amazonia. Revista brasileira de paleontologia, 19 (2), 217 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.4072 / rbp. 2016.2.06" type="journal article">
|
||
Souza
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BB4A51C0FAFAFD06" box="[1309,1359,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, for a review of the problems surrounding the age of this stratigraphic unit).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE5FD50BE905186FCF8FCBA" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE5FD50BE905186FCF8FCBA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCD1FC46FFE5FD50BE905186FCF8FCBA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917076087" collectionCode="UFAC" country="Brazil" location="Acre" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="UFAC 1272" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Acre">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BE905186FE28FD5E" bold="true" box="[199,413,727,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BE905186FE26FD5E" bold="true" box="[199,403,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Referred material</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Part of a right premaxillary and maxilla (
|
||
<specimenCode id="3C1F5E60FFE5FD50BD385189FC48FD5E" box="[879,1021,728,752]" collectionCode="UFAC" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">UFAC 1272</specimenCode>
|
||
), housed at the Universidade Federal do
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7D38F9FFE5FD50BEED51ADFF46FCBA" box="[186,243,764,788]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Acre</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE7D38F9FFE5FD50BEA951ADFE82FCBA" box="[254,311,764,788]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Acre</collectingRegion>
|
||
, northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14AEB68BFFE5FD50BFFF51ADFE59FCBB" box="[424,492,764,789]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BFAC51ADFCF4FCBA" box="[507,833,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref6134" refString="Langston, W. & Gasparini, Z. (1997) CroCodilians, Gryposuchus, and the South AmeriCans gavials. In: Kay, R. F., Madden, R. H., Cifelli, R. L. & Flynn, J. J. (Eds.), Fertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics: The Miocene Fauna of La Fenta, Colombia. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, pp. 113 - 154." type="book chapter">Langston & Gasparini, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE5FD56BE90504EFA29F931" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE5FD50BE90504EFCFDFA33" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BE90504EFEE0FC96" bold="true" box="[199,341,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BE90504EFEF8FC96" bold="true" box="[199,333,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Description</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The specimen UFAC 1272 consists of the anterior portion of the rostrum composed by an almost complete right premaxilla, the anteriormost portion of the left premaxilla, including the first premaxillary alveoli, and the anterior portion of a right maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BC245036FD60FC2E" box="[627,725,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is about
|
||
<quantity id="AB415BFEFFE5FD50BD375039FC09FCD1" box="[864,956,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="240.0">240 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with the dorsal portion complete and the ventral part formed exclusively by the alveolar border. Both premaxillae present in dorsal view an anterior projection that has the same width as the naris (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BCFC50FEFCACFC66" box="[683,793,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BD0750FEFCDAFC66" box="[848,879,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">5b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsally, a wedge-shaped process of premaxilla reaches the sagittal plane between the region of the third and fourth maxillary alveoli. The contacts between the premaxilla and nasal is not preserved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BC0750A6FD77FBBE" box="[592,706,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). In ventral view, the incisive foramen is not preserved, and the fourth alveolus is incomplete (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BFA5574DFDD6FB9A" box="[498,611,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gryposuchus jessei holotype (unnumbered). (a, b) Gryposuchus jessei holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lateral margin of the first maxillary tooth is aligned with the third premaxillary tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BFD4576EFE4DFBF6" box="[387,504,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BC6B576EFDE9FBF6" box="[572,604,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">4b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior to the notch located at the premaxilla-maxilla suture, the premaxilla becomes thinner giving this bone a wedge-shaped appearance in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BA295735FB58FBD2" box="[1150,1261,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). This posterior wedge-shaped process of premaxilla reaches the midline of the skull at the region between the second and third maxillary alveoli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BF3157FDFE63FB6A" box="[358,470,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Between the incisive foramen and the second and third premaxillar alveolar border, there are three anteroposteriorly aligned foramina. The alveolar margin is undulated, with marked notches between subsequent alveoli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BF2957A5FDF9FAA3" box="[382,588,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3a and 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is a well developed lateral expansion at the level of the second premaxillary alveolus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BFC95646FDB4FA9E" box="[414,513,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior to the second alveolus, the lateral margins of the premaxilla inclines medially until the region posterior to the fourth premaxillary alveolus. At the premaxillary-maxillary notch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BB06566DFF13FAD6" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), receives the fourth dentary tooth as in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE5FD50BCFA5631FCF4FAD6" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[685,833,1376,1400]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE5FD50BCFA5631FCF4FAD6" box="[685,833,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE5FD50BD9B5631FBCCFAD6" box="[972,1145,1376,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" refId="ref6088" refString="Langston, W. (1973) The CroCodilian skull in historiCal perspeCtive. In: Gans, C. & Parsons, T. (Eds.), Biology of the Reptilians. ACademiC Press, London, pp. 263 - 284." type="book chapter">Langston 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The maxilla participates only in the posterior end of the premaxillary-maxillary notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE5FD50BE9056F6FADDF936" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
All four premaxillary alveoli from the right side and only the first from the left side are preserved. The first pair occupies a medial position compared to the others. In terms of size the first and second premaxillary alveoli are the largest with
|
||
<quantity id="AB415BFEFFE5FD50BF7256A1FEC3F9A6" box="[293,374,1520,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="AB415BFEFFE5FD50BFE756BEFDB4F9A6" box="[432,513,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
|
||
of mediolateral diameter, respectively. The third and fourth premaxillary alveoli have
|
||
<quantity id="AB415BFEFFE5FD50BE845545FE94F982" box="[211,289,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="AB415BFEFFE5FD50BF005545FE2DF982" box="[343,408,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
of mediolateral diameter, respectively. The second premaxillary alveoli is positioned on the laterally expanded portion of the premaxillary. The third and fourth pair of the premaxilla are smaller than the first and second pair, with the fourth being the smallest. The diastema between the first and second premaxillary alveoli is the largest followed by the diastema between the fourth premaxillary and first maxillary alveoli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BABB552EFAEEF936" box="[1260,1371,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE5FD50BE9055F5FE67F8E3" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Only the right half of the external naris is preserved. This cranial opening is positioned at the level of the second and third premaxillary alveoli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BC3D5596FD57F94E" box="[618,738,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Despite its incompleteness, it is interpreted as having a pentagonal shape, being wider than long, with a transverse, straight anterior margin and a pointed posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BEC9545EFEAFF886" box="[158,282,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The posterior margin is wider than the anterior margin, because the lateral margins open posterolaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BF045465FE71F8E3" box="[339,452,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE5FD50BE905406FEB1F817" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Only a fragmentary portion of the right maxilla is preserved. There are three alveoli preserved, all anteroposteriorly aligned with the third premaxillary alveolus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE5FD50BDDF542DFC4BF83A" box="[904,1022,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). No significant change in size is observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="38C6A693FFE2FD57BEC0543BFEF9F813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" startId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" targetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE2FD57BEC0543BFEF9F813" blockId="4.[151,1435,1898,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE2FD57BEC0543BFEA1F82E" bold="true" box="[151,276,1898,1920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE2FD57BF4B543BFE54F82E" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[284,481,1898,1920]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE2FD57BF4B543BFE54F82E" box="[284,481,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (unnumbered).
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE2FD57BCBF543BFC97F82E" bold="true" box="[744,802,1898,1920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">(a, b)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE2FD57BD7D543BFC5AF82E" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[810,1007,1898,1920]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE2FD57BD7D543BFC5AF82E" box="[810,1007,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="38C6A693FFE3FD56BEC0568DFB6EF9BF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" startId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" targetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE3FD56BEC0568DFB6EF9BF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1500,1553]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BEC0568DFEA6FA5C" bold="true" box="[151,275,1500,1522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE3FD56BF4D568DFE6AFA5D" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[282,479,1500,1523]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BF4D568DFE6AFA5D" box="[282,479,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272).
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BD14568DFCC8FA5C" bold="true" box="[835,893,1500,1522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">(a, b)</emphasis>
|
||
ventral and dorsal view respeCtively;
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BB56568DFAABFA5C" bold="true" box="[1281,1310,1500,1522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE3FD56BE90556FFA29F931" blockId="5.[151,1437,1598,2019]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Preserved teeth are found in the first and second premaxillary and in the first maxillary alveoli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BB4A556FFA3AF9F9" box="[1309,1423,1598,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately, none is complete. The best-preserved one is the first maxillary tooth that lacks the apical region of the crown. This tooth has a conical shape and shows fine parallel striations directed to the apical region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BB7755D7FA3BF931" box="[1312,1422,1670,1695]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Figure 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE3FD55BE9055FBFECEFC43" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE3FD56BE9055FBFCE6F834" blockId="5.[151,1437,1598,2019]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BE9055FBFE83F96D" bold="true" box="[199,310,1706,1731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BE9055FBFE9BF96D" bold="true" box="[199,302,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In UFAC 1272 and in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE3FD56BC2055FBFD6CF96D" box="[631,729,1706,1731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(based mainly on the figures published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE3FD56BA8155FBFAD2F96D" box="[1238,1383,1706,1731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" refId="ref5698" refString="GuriCh, G. (1912) Gryposuchus jessei, ein neues sChmalsChmauziges KroKodile aus dens jungeren Ablagerungen des oberen Amazonas-Gebietes. Jahrbuch der Hambugischen Wissenschaftlichen Austalten, 29, 59 - 71." type="journal article">Gürich 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) the external naris, in dorsal view, is pentagonal and anteroposteriorly wider than long, with the anterior margins straight (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BF6B55A3FE19F8A5" box="[316,428,1778,1803]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gryposuchus jessei holotype (unnumbered). (a, b) Gryposuchus jessei holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BFBA55A3FDB9F8A5" box="[493,524,1778,1803]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The overall outline of the external naris is very similar in both specimens, including the fact that the posterior margin, which corresponds to the apex of the pentagon, is wider than anterior one, due to the posterolateral orientation of the lateral margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BDF2546BFBACF8FD" box="[933,1049,1850,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gryposuchus jessei holotype (unnumbered). (a, b) Gryposuchus jessei holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BA0A546AFBCFF8FD" box="[1117,1146,1851,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, the third premaxillary alveoli is aligned with the first maxillary alveoli, a feature present in both specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BAA9540FFAD9F8D9" box="[1278,1388,1886,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gryposuchus jessei holotype (unnumbered). (a, b) Gryposuchus jessei holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE3FD56BEC054D2FF07F835" box="[151,178,1923,1947]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1500,1522]" captionTargetBox="[162,1399,226,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Gryposuchus jessei, referred speCimen (UFAC 1272). (a, b) ventral and dorsal view respeCtively; (c) zoom at the first maxillary teeth of the right maxilla. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457673/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">3a</figureCitation>
|
||
) and shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE3FD56BF2D54D3FDDDF834" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[378,616,1922,1946]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BF2D54D3FDDDF834" box="[378,616,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Gryposuchus croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE3FD56BCC854D2FCF9F834" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[671,844,1922,1946]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE3FD56BCC854D2FCF9F834" box="[671,844,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">G. pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE3FD55BE9054F7FEB8FE03" blockId="5.[151,1437,1598,2019]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
|
||
The main differences between UFAC 1272 and the figures of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE3FD56BDC854F7FBB4F811" box="[927,1025,1958,1983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are found in the ventral portion. The most conspicuous is the presence in UFAC 1272 of three linear aligned foramina that are absent in the figures of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE0FD55BE9453C6FE90FF1E" box="[195,293,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BF6053C6FDFEFF1E" box="[311,587,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref5698" refString="GuriCh, G. (1912) Gryposuchus jessei, ein neues sChmalsChmauziges KroKodile aus dens jungeren Ablagerungen des oberen Amazonas-Gebietes. Jahrbuch der Hambugischen Wissenschaftlichen Austalten, 29, 59 - 71." type="journal article">
|
||
Gürich 1912:
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BF8D53C6FDFEFF1E" box="[474,587,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,215,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gryposuchus jessei holotype (unnumbered). (a, b) Gryposuchus jessei holotype drawings based on piCtures and from the original paper (GüriCh, 1912), in ventral and dorsal view respeCtively. SCale bar = 50mm. Refer to the main text for the abbreviations list." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457671/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These foramina were also not observed or reported in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BB4853C6FA2EFF1E" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1789" box="[1311,1435,151,176]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Crocodylia</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, and their significance (as well as their function) remains to be established. The dorsal posterior process of the premaxilla reaches the fourth maxillary alveoli in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE0FD55BD07538EFC00FF56" box="[848,949,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, while in UFAC 1272 it reaches the space between the third and fourth maxillary alveoli. All these morphological differences are here treated as individual variations or perhaps a product of the different ontogenetic stages of the specimens (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BA285276FAB0FEEE" box="[1151,1285,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref6442" refString="Mook, C. C. (1921) Individual and age variations in the skulls of reCent CroCodilia. Bulletin of the AMNH, 44, 51 - 66." type="journal article">Mook 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with UFAC 1272 representing a younger individual (inferred due to its reduced size in comparison with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE0FD55BAEA521DFA91FECB" box="[1213,1316,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Based on the observations above, UFAC 1272 is regarded as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BCA55221FCE7FE29" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[754,850,368,391]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BCA55221FCE7FE29" box="[754,850,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G. jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BDD15221FB6EFE26" box="[902,1243,367,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref6134" refString="Langston, W. & Gasparini, Z. (1997) CroCodilians, Gryposuchus, and the South AmeriCans gavials. In: Kay, R. F., Madden, R. H., Cifelli, R. L. & Flynn, J. J. (Eds.), Fertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics: The Miocene Fauna of La Fenta, Colombia. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, pp. 113 - 154." type="book chapter">Langston & Gasparini (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have previously suggested.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE0FD55BE9052E6FC55FCBA" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Based on UFAC 1272 and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE0FD55BC1052E6FD1CFE7E" box="[583,681,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BC8B52E9FC0EFE61" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[732,955,440,464]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC8B52E9FC0EFE61" box="[732,955,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a more detailed comparison with other Gavialoidea species can be provided. Within Gavialoidea, the general shape of the external nares have been used as a phylogenetic character (e.g., character
|
||
<quantity id="AB415BFEFFE0FD55BC0B5151FD20FDB6" box="[604,661,511,536]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1082" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" unit="in" value="83.0">83 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BCCB52AEFC9AFDB6" box="[668,815,511,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref5329" refString="BroChu, C. A. (2011) PhylogenetiC relationships of Necrosuchus ionensis Simpson, 1937 and the early history of Caimanines. Zoological journal of the linnean society, 163 (S 1), 228 - 256. [s 228 - s 256] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2011.00716. x" type="journal article">Brochu 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BD6D52AEFBC5FDB6" box="[826,1136,511,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref6701" refString="Salas-Gismondi, R., Flynn, J. J., Baby, P., Tejada-Lara, J. V., Claude, J. & Antoine, P. O. (2016) A New 13 Million Year Old Gavialoid CroCodylian from ProtoAmazonian Mega-Wetlands Reveals Parallel Evolutionary Trends in Skull Shape Linked to Longirostry. PLOS ONE, 11 (4), e 0152453. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0152453" type="journal article">
|
||
Salas-Gismondi
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BDA35150FB90FDB6" box="[1012,1061,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The features attributed to this character are follows: 1) wider than long; 2) circular; and 3) longer than wide. All anatomical variations described by this character are present in at least one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BD165119FC60FDCE" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[833,981,584,608]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD165119FC60FDCE" box="[833,981,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, being
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BAEA5119FA85FDF1" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[1213,1328,584,607]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BAEA5119FB6FFDF1" box="[1213,1242,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BAA55119FA85FDF1" box="[1266,1328,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BB205119FE93FD2A" baseAuthorityName="Langston" baseAuthorityYear="1965" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BB205119FA21FDF1" box="[1399,1428,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEC0513DFE93FD2A" box="[151,294,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sharing the condition 1 (wider than long;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BD4A513DFB94FD2A" box="[797,1057,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figures 4a, 4b and 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BA6E513DFB08FD2A" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[1081,1213,620,644]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA6E513DFBE3FD2D" box="[1081,1110,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA3E513CFB08FD2A" box="[1129,1213,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows condition 2 (circular;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BF5351DEFEC5FD06" box="[260,368,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 4f</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BFD351C1FDACFD06" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[388,537,656,680]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BFD351C1FE17FD09" box="[388,418,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BFF851C0FDACFD06" box="[431,537,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BC0751C1FCBFFD06" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[592,778,656,680]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC0751C1FDDBFD09" box="[592,622,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC2B51C1FCBFFD06" box="[636,778,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present condition 3 (longer than wide;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BA9451DEFA25FD06" box="[1219,1424,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figures 4c and 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). A wider than long external naris (condition 1) is also found in the gavialoids
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BA4351E5FADFFD62" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1998" box="[1044,1386,692,716]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Piscogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugaliperforatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA4351E5FADFFD62" box="[1044,1386,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BEC05189FE3DFD5E" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[151,392,728,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Eogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEC05189FE3DFD5E" box="[151,392,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Eogavialis africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and an external naris that is longer than wide (condition 3) is found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BACD5189FA20FD41" authorityName="Sill" authorityYear="1970" box="[1178,1429,728,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Ikanogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gameroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BACD5189FA20FD41" box="[1178,1429,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Ikanogavialis gameroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BEC051ADFE42FCBA" authorityName="Brochu & Rincón" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,503,764,788]" class="Reptilia" genus="Siquisiquesuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEC051ADFE42FCBA" box="[151,503,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Siquisiquesuchus venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BC5251ADFCBEFCBA" authorityName="Dubois" authorityYear="1908" box="[517,779,764,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bengawanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC5251ADFCBEFCBA" box="[517,779,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gavialis bengawanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BD1551ADFC6CFCBA" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[834,985,764,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gangeticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD1551ADFC6CFCBA" box="[834,985,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G. gangeticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE0FD55BE90504EFECEFC43" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
|
||
The external naris of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BFE85071FD2FFC99" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[447,666,800,824]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BFE85071FD2FFC99" box="[447,666,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BC835071FCD9FC96" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[724,876,800,824]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC835071FD47FC99" box="[724,754,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD555070FCD9FC96" box="[770,876,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present a concave posterior and a rather straight anterior margin, respectively (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BC525015FCADFCF3" box="[517,792,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 4a, 4b and 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
), similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BDEC5015FA90FCF2" authorityName="Brochu & Rincón" authorityYear="2004" box="[955,1317,836,860]" class="Reptilia" genus="Siquisiquesuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BDEC5015FA90FCF2" box="[955,1317,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Siquisiquesuchus venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BB6A5015FE82FC2E" authorityName="Dubois" authorityYear="1908" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bengawanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BB6A5015FE82FC2E" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gavialis bengawanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BF235039FDBBFCD1" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[372,526,872,895]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gangeticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BF235039FDBBFCD1" box="[372,526,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G. gangeticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BCE75039FCDBFC2E" baseAuthorityName="Langston" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[688,878,872,896]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BCE75039FD7BFCD1" box="[688,718,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC885039FCDBFC2E" box="[735,878,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BDFD5039FBD2FC2E" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[938,1127,872,896]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BDFD5039FC7DFCD1" box="[938,968,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD8E5039FBD2FC2E" box="[985,1127,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present a medial posterior process on the anterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BFAC50DDFD0EFC0A" box="[507,699,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 4c and 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BD6A50DDFB8CFC0A" authorityName="Sill" authorityYear="1970" box="[829,1081,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Ikanogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gameroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD6A50DDFB8CFC0A" box="[829,1081,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Ikanogavialis gameroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BA1050DDFA2EFC0A" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1998" box="[1095,1435,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Piscogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugaliperforatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA1050DDFA2EFC0A" box="[1095,1435,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BE9E50E1FE0BFC66" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[201,446,944,968]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Eogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BE9E50E1FE0BFC66" box="[201,446,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Eogavialis africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BF9850E1FDE4FC69" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[463,593,944,967]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BF9850E1FE59FC69" box="[463,492,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BFAA50E1FDE4FC69" box="[509,593,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all others by displaying the anterior margin of this opening concave (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BF565085FEDBFC43" box="[257,366,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 4f</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE0FD55BE9050A9FD4FFAD6" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE0FD55BE9050A9FCEAFB6B" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BE9050A9FE16FBA1" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[199,419,1016,1040]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BE9050A9FE16FBA1" box="[199,419,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents the posterior margin wider than the anterior one, which is seen in both UFAC 1272 and in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFE0FD55BF02574DFE02FB9B" box="[341,439,1052,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BF90574DFDE9FB9A" box="[455,604,1052,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref5698" refString="GuriCh, G. (1912) Gryposuchus jessei, ein neues sChmalsChmauziges KroKodile aus dens jungeren Ablagerungen des oberen Amazonas-Gebietes. Jahrbuch der Hambugischen Wissenschaftlichen Austalten, 29, 59 - 71." type="journal article">Gürich 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This condition differs from all other gavialoids, and could be a unique feature of this species. However, it should be noted that the difference in shape and other morphological details of the external nares have been interpreted as caused by individual variation (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BA485735FAA0FBD2" box="[1055,1301,1124,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref6582" refString="Riff, D. & Aguilera, O. A. (2008) The world's largest gharials Gryposuchus: DesCription of G. croizati n. sp. (CroCodylia, Gavialidae) from the Upper MioCene UrumaCo Formation, Venezuela. Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 82 (178), 178 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02988408" type="journal article">Riff & Aguilera 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and sexual dimorphism (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BF3057D6FDC1FB0E" box="[359,628,1159,1184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref6303" refString="Martin, B. G. H. & Bellairs, A. D. A. (1977) The narial exCresCense and pterygoid bulla of the gharial, Gavialis gangeticus (CroCodilia). Journal of Zoology, 182 (4), 541 - 558. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1977. tb 04169. x" type="journal article">Martin & Bellairs 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, further studies addressing the external naris features are in need to better establish the possible causes of those differences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE0FD55BE90579EFD4FFAD6" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
|
||
The incisive foramen on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BFB95781FD37FB46" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[494,642,1232,1256]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BFB95781FD37FB46" box="[494,642,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are anteroposteriorly longer than wide as observed in other Gavialoidea, with the exception in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BC7357A5FD2DFAA2" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[548,664,1268,1292]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC7357A5FD80FAA5" box="[548,565,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC1357A4FD2DFAA2" box="[580,664,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that has a sub-squared shape (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BDA557A5FAEFFAA3" box="[1010,1370,1268,1293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref6582" refString="Riff, D. & Aguilera, O. A. (2008) The world's largest gharials Gryposuchus: DesCription of G. croizati n. sp. (CroCodylia, Gavialidae) from the Upper MioCene UrumaCo Formation, Venezuela. Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 82 (178), 178 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02988408" type="journal article">
|
||
Riff & Aguilera 2008;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BAAE57A5FAEFFAA3" box="[1273,1370,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BEA65649FEE4FA81" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[241,337,1304,1327]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEA65649FEB7FA81" box="[241,258,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BF445649FEE4FA81" box="[275,337,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(figures of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BF8A5646FDDBFA9E" box="[477,622,1303,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref5698" refString="GuriCh, G. (1912) Gryposuchus jessei, ein neues sChmalsChmauziges KroKodile aus dens jungeren Ablagerungen des oberen Amazonas-Gebietes. Jahrbuch der Hambugischen Wissenschaftlichen Austalten, 29, 59 - 71." type="journal article">Gürich 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BCE55649FCD7FA9E" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[690,866,1304,1328]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BCE55649FD76FA81" box="[690,707,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC835649FCD7FA9E" box="[724,866,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present a peculiar shape of the incisive foramen, which is triangular and longer than wide, with a small process that invades the posterior margin of this opening, differing from all other gavialoids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BC75560EFD58FAD6" box="[546,749,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figures 5a and 5e</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24A3A590FFE0FD5ABE9056D5FF5EFB6B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE0FD55BE9056D5FED0F886" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Although the number of premaxillary alveoli in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BD4856D5FC06FA32" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[799,947,1412,1436]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD4856D5FC06FA32" box="[799,947,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is four (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BA2256D5FB6CFA33" box="[1141,1241,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) - a feature also shared by some other gavialoids (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BC7B56F9FC30FA6E" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1998" box="[556,901,1448,1472]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Piscogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugaliperforatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC7B56F9FC30FA6E" box="[556,901,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BDCF56F9FB2CFA11" authorityName="Sill" authorityYear="1970" box="[920,1177,1448,1472]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Ikanogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gameroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BDCF56F9FB2CFA11" box="[920,1177,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Ikanogavialis gameroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BA8C56F9FE9AFA4A" authorityName="Brochu & Rincón" authorityYear="2004" class="Reptilia" genus="Siquisiquesuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA8C56F9FE9AFA4A" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Siquisiquesuchus venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), there is some variation in size and position. In all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BDD9569DFB97FA4A" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[910,1058,1484,1508]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BDD9569DFB97FA4A" box="[910,1058,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species the second alveoli is the largest and the fourth as the smallest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BC2456BEFC74F9A6" box="[627,961,1519,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref6701" refString="Salas-Gismondi, R., Flynn, J. J., Baby, P., Tejada-Lara, J. V., Claude, J. & Antoine, P. O. (2016) A New 13 Million Year Old Gavialoid CroCodylian from ProtoAmazonian Mega-Wetlands Reveals Parallel Evolutionary Trends in Skull Shape Linked to Longirostry. PLOS ONE, 11 (4), e 0152453. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0152453" type="journal article">
|
||
Salas-Gismondi
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD6156A0FCDBF9A6" box="[822,878,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, size variations between the premaxillary teeth can be observed: 1) the first alveolus is bigger than the third in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BA185545FB1BF982" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[1103,1198,1556,1580]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA185545FBD5F985" box="[1103,1120,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA275544FB1BF982" box="[1136,1198,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BAE95545FAFCF982" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1214,1353,1556,1580]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BAE95545FB7AF985" box="[1214,1231,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA885544FAFCF982" box="[1247,1353,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BBD35545FE90F9FE" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BBD35545FA20F985" box="[1412,1429,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEC05569FE90F9FE" box="[151,293,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BF635566FDE4F9FE" box="[308,593,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d</figureCitation>
|
||
); 2) the first alveolus is similar in size with the second in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BABB5569FAFFF9E1" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[1260,1354,1592,1615]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BABB5569FB48F9E1" box="[1260,1277,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BB5B5569FAFFF9E1" box="[1292,1354,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BBD35569FD37F9DA" authority="(Langston & Gasparini 1998)" authorityName="Langston & Gasparini" authorityYear="1998" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BBD35569FA20F9E1" box="[1412,1429,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEC0550DFE93F9DA" box="[151,294,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
(Langston & Gasparini 1998)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and, 3) the third alveolus of similar size of the second in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BB71550DFA2EF9DA" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[1318,1435,1628,1652]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BB71550DFA82F9DD" box="[1318,1335,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BB10550CFA2EF9DA" box="[1351,1435,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BEC9552EFEA5F936" box="[158,272,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). All specimens referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BC1255D1FD6CF936" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[581,729,1664,1688]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC1255D1FD6CF936" box="[581,729,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(except one specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BDA055D1FBDFF939" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[1015,1130,1664,1687]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BDA055D1FBBDF939" box="[1015,1032,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA4155D1FBDFF939" box="[1046,1130,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[AMU-CURS-58]) show a marked lateral expansion at the second alveoli, which is followed by a lateral constriction at the premaxilla–maxilla contact, where a diastema is present. There is also a marked reduction in size from the second to the fourth alveolus in all specimens referable to the genus, with the exception of one specimen (AMU-CURS-58) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BA8755BDFAF7F8AA" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[1232,1346,1772,1796]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA8755BDFB54F8AD" box="[1232,1249,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BAB955BCFAF7F8AA" box="[1262,1346,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BB0655BDFEEDF886" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 5a, 5b, 5c and 5e</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE0FD5ABE905465FD33FEB2" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1221]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
|
||
The lateral expansion at the level of the second pair (known as Greifaparat
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA4D5464FBEDF8E2" box="[1050,1112,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08288BEAFFE0FD55BA375465FB6AF8E2" box="[1120,1247,1844,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" refId="ref5971" refString="Kalin, J. A. (1933) Beitrage zur vergleiChenden osteolodie des CroCodilidensChandels. Zoologisches jahburcj, 57, 535 - 714." type="journal article">Kälin 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is present in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BEC05409FE9EF8DE" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,299,1880,1904]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEC05409FE9EF8DE" box="[151,299,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BF8C5409FDE4F8C1" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[475,593,1880,1904]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BF8C5409FE59F8C1" box="[475,492,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BFAA5409FDE4F8C1" box="[509,593,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimen MCN-URU-
|
||
<date id="1807D0DBFFE0FD55BD3B5409FC7DF8DE" box="[876,968,1880,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" value="2002" valueMax="2077">2002-77</date>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BD8A5409FB88F8C1" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[989,1085,1880,1904]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BD8A5409FC5BF8C1" box="[989,1006,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BDA85409FB88F8C1" box="[1023,1085,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BA195409FB6FF8DE" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1102,1242,1880,1904]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA195409FBEAF8C1" box="[1102,1119,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BA275408FB6FF8DE" box="[1136,1242,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BABC5409FA29F8DE" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[1259,1436,1880,1904]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BABC5409FB49F8C1" box="[1259,1276,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BB5A5409FA29F8DE" box="[1293,1436,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BE9F542DFECDF83A" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[200,376,1916,1940]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BE9F542DFF6CF83D" box="[200,217,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BEBD542DFECDF83A" box="[234,376,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
this structure is well-developed and restricted to the level of the second alveolar pair, being immediately constricted posteriorly to the second alveolar pair until the premaxilla-maxilla suture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFE0FD55BB7054F1FA3BF817" box="[1319,1422,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, in the specimen AMU-CURS-58 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE0FD55BCEB5495FC9BF872" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[700,814,1988,2012]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BCEB5495FD78F875" box="[700,717,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE0FD55BC8D5494FC9BF872" box="[730,814,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the lateral expansion is less-developed but is present between second and third alveolar pairs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFEFFD5ABC3053C6FD6FFF1E" box="[615,730,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Figure 5d</figureCitation>
|
||
). This expansion creates a straight margin between the second and third alveolar pairs, which progressively becomes thinner posteriorly until reaching the notch on the premaxilla-maxilla suture; this pattern is also observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD2853B1FB5EFF56" authorityName="Brochu & Rincón" authorityYear="2004" box="[895,1259,224,248]" class="Reptilia" genus="Siquisiquesuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD2853B1FB5EFF56" box="[895,1259,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Siquisiquesuchus venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABB5253B1FEF8FEB2" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1998" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Piscogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugaliperforatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABB5253B1FEF8FEB2" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFD45255FDCAFEB2" authorityName="Sill" authorityYear="1970" box="[387,639,260,284]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Ikanogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gameroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFD45255FDCAFEB2" box="[387,639,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Ikanogavialis gameroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="38C6A693FFE1FD54BEC05434FDDAF858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" startId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" targetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFE1FD54BEC05434FDDAF858" blockId="7.[151,1436,1893,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BEC05434FEA6F8D5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1893,1915]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE1FD54BF4E5434FE2AF8D5" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[281,415,1893,1915]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BF4E5434FE2AF8D5" box="[281,415,1893,1915]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BEB654D5FF4AF834" bold="true" box="[225,255,1924,1946]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">(a)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE1FD54BF5054D5FE78F834" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[263,461,1924,1946]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BF5054D5FE78F834" box="[263,461,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(unnumbered holotype);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BC8154D5FD40F834" bold="true" box="[726,757,1924,1946]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">(b)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE1FD54BCAA54D5FC76F834" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[765,963,1924,1946]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BCAA54D5FC76F834" box="[765,963,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UFAC 1272);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BA3E54D5FB30F834" bold="true" box="[1129,1157,1924,1946]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE1FD54BAD954D5FA29F834" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[1166,1436,1924,1946]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BAD954D5FA29F834" box="[1166,1436,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Gryposuchus pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MUSM 1981);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BF6C54F2FEEFF817" bold="true" box="[315,346,1955,1977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">(d)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE1FD54BF0854F2FDFEF817" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[351,587,1955,1977]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BF0854F2FDFEF817" box="[351,587,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Gryposuchus neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MLP 26-413);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BCA754F2FCB9F817" bold="true" box="[752,780,1955,1977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">(e)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE1FD54BD4554F2FB95F817" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[786,1056,1955,1977]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BD4554F2FB95F817" box="[786,1056,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Gryposuchus colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(IGM 184696); and,
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BAA054F2FAA5F817" bold="true" box="[1271,1296,1955,1977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">(f)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFE1FD54BB4154F2FF51F879" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFE1FD54BB4154F2FF51F879" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Gryposuchus croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="38C6A693FFEEFD5BBEC0543CFDC8F849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" startId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" targetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFEEFD5BBEC0543CFDC8F849" blockId="8.[151,1436,1901,2023]" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBEC0543CFEACF82D" bold="true" box="[151,281,1901,1923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEEFD5BBF71543CFE1EF82D" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[294,427,1901,1923]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBF71543CFE1EF82D" box="[294,427,1901,1923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBCF254DFFD76F80A" bold="true" box="[677,707,1934,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">(a)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEEFD5BBC9954DFFC22F80B" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[718,919,1934,1957]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBC9954DFFC22F80B" box="[718,919,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(unnumbered holotype);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBAFF54DFFB7DF80A" bold="true" box="[1192,1224,1934,1956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">(b)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEEFD5BBA8454DFFA29F80B" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[1235,1436,1934,1957]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBA8454DFFA29F80B" box="[1235,1436,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UFAC 1272);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBF6C54E1FEEDF868" bold="true" box="[315,344,1968,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEEFD5BBF3354E1FDE0F868" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[356,597,1968,1990]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBF3354E1FDE0F868" box="[356,597,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">Gryposuchus neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MLP 26-413);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBD5A54E1FC99F868" bold="true" box="[781,812,1968,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">(d)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEEFD5BBD6F54E1FBA2F868" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[824,1047,1968,1990]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBD6F54E1FBA2F868" box="[824,1047,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">Gryposuchus croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMU-CURS-58);
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBAB954E1FABFF868" bold="true" box="[1262,1290,1968,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">(e)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEEFD5BBB4154E1FEA2F849" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEEFD5BBB4154E1FEA2F849" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">Gryposuchus pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFEFFD5ABE905279FB6CFE7E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABE905279FE15FE91" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[199,416,296,320]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABE905279FE15FE91" box="[199,416,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFF85279FDE9FEEE" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[431,604,296,320]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFF85279FE75FE91" box="[431,448,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABF985279FDE9FEEE" box="[463,604,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABC3C5279FCACFEEE" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[619,793,296,320]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC3C5279FDC9FE91" box="[619,636,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABCDD5279FCACFEEE" box="[650,793,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD065279FC73FE91" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[849,966,296,319]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD065279FCD7FE91" box="[849,866,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD265279FC73FE91" box="[881,966,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present a well-marked notch between the fourth premaxillary and first maxillary alveoli. Also, this notch includes the premaxillary-maxillary suture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFEFFD5ABB06521DFF10FE26" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) and results from a medial compression in this region and a posterior expansion on the maxilla. The other studied Gavialoidea species including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFAE52C5FD33FE02" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[505,646,404,428]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFAE52C5FDBFFE05" box="[505,522,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC4B52C4FD33FE02" box="[540,646,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents only a thinning of the premaxilla posteriorly to the lateral expansion, resulting the alignment of the lateral margins of premaxillae and maxillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFEFFD5ABA0A52E6FB79FE7E" box="[1117,1228,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Figure 5c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFEFFD5ABE90528CFE9EFB9A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
|
||
In all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABF58528DFE16FE5A" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[271,419,476,500]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABF58528DFE16FE5A" box="[271,419,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and all gavialoids except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD65528DFC24FE5A" authorityName="Oppel" authorityYear="1811" box="[818,913,476,500]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD65528DFC24FE5A" box="[818,913,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gavialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD9A528DFF7AFDB6" authority="Bocquetin & Buffetaut, 1981" authorityName="Bocquetin & Buffetaut" authorityYear="1981" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Hesperogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD9A528DFB36FE5A" box="[973,1155,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Hesperogavialis</emphasis>
|
||
Bocquetin & Buffetaut, 1981
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the nasals contact the premaxilla. Two
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFEFFD5ABCD85151FD7FFDB6" box="[655,714,512,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of contact can be distinguished between these bones: 1) a point contact is observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFC25175FDB5FD92" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[405,512,548,572]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFC25175FE06FD95" box="[405,435,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABF955174FDB5FD92" box="[450,512,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABC585175FD13FD92" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[527,678,548,572]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC585175FD98FD95" box="[527,557,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC6B5174FD13FD92" box="[572,678,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABCE35175FCC5FD92" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[692,880,548,572]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABCE35175FD67FD95" box="[692,722,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABCB65175FCC5FD92" box="[737,880,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD285175FBB5FD92" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[895,1024,548,572]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD285175FC29FD95" box="[895,924,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABDFB5174FBB5FD92" box="[940,1024,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABA585175FAD1FD92" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1998" box="[1039,1380,548,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Piscogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugaliperforatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABA585175FAD1FD92" box="[1039,1380,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABEC05119FE20FDF1" authorityName="Sill" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,405,584,608]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Ikanogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gameroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABEC05119FE20FDF1" box="[151,405,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Ikanogavialis gameroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 2) an extensive contact with the nasals placed within the premaxillae as observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABB205119FE90FD2A" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABB205119FA21FDF1" box="[1399,1428,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABEC0513DFE90FD2A" box="[151,293,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFEFFD5ABF62513DFE10FD2A" box="[309,421,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Figure 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFBF513DFD69FD2A" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[488,732,620,644]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Eogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFBF513DFD69FD2A" box="[488,732,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Eogavialis africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Intraspecific variability regarding this contact is common in Gavialoidea. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B30248B9FFEFFD5ABF3451DEFE70FD06" box="[355,453,655,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFB951C1FDEFFD09" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[494,602,656,679]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFB951C1FDBEFD09" box="[494,523,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC4B51C1FDEFFD09" box="[540,602,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABCC351C1FCE2FD06" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[660,855,656,680]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABCC351C1FD07FD09" box="[660,690,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC9551C1FCE2FD06" box="[706,855,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for example, have a high asymmetry between the length of the right and left nasals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFEFFD5ABC4951E5FD56FD62" box="[542,739,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Figure 4a and 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, in dorsal view, the range of the wedge-shaped posterior process of premaxilla at the premaxillary-nasal contact varies in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABDB05189FBCEFD5E" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[999,1147,728,752]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABDB05189FBCEFD5E" box="[999,1147,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It should be pointed out that due to the kind of contact between premaxilla and nasals in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABDC851ADFBE8FCBA" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[927,1117,764,788]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABDC851ADFC09FCBD" box="[927,956,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD9B51ADFBE8FCBA" box="[972,1117,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABA0B51ADFBD5FCBA" box="[1116,1120,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">,</emphasis>
|
||
the posterior process of the premaxillae (in dorsal view) can be described as “W” shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFEFFD5ABD22504EFC5CFC96" box="[885,1001,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[287,1226,218,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[279,1284,213,1843]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Gryposuchus speCies in dorsal view. MorphologiCal variations at the external naris, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bones. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981); (d) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (e) Gryposuchus colombianus (IGM 184696); and, (f) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58). SCale bars: 50mm. Numbers represent the Corresponding maxillary teeth whiCh is aligned with the posterior wedge-shaped proCess of premaxilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457675/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Figure 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Regarding the distance between the wedge-shaped posterior process of the premaxilla and the maxillary alveoli,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABA045015FB52FCF2" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[1107,1255,836,860]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABA045015FB52FCF2" box="[1107,1255,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents three morphotypes: 1) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFDF5039FE4DFCD1" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[392,504,872,895]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFDF5039FE13FCD1" box="[392,422,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFED5039FE4DFCD1" box="[442,504,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABC6A5039FD76FCD1" authorityName="Riff & Aguilera" authorityYear="2008" box="[573,707,872,895]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croizati">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC6A5039FDEEFCD1" box="[573,603,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC385039FD76FCD1" box="[623,707,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">croizati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
this process reaches the fourth maxillary alveolus; 2) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABBD35039FE82FC0A" authorityName="Dubois" authorityYear="1908" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bengawanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABBD35039FE82FC0A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">G. bengawanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABF1050DDFE55FC0A" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[327,480,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gangeticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABF1050DDFE55FC0A" box="[327,480,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">G. gangeticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABFA750DCFD36FC0A" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[496,643,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Eogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABFA750DCFD36FC0A" box="[496,643,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">E. africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABCC350DCFCD2FC0A" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1998" box="[660,871,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Piscogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugaliperforatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABCC350DCFCD2FC0A" box="[660,871,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">P. jugaliperforatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD2150DDFB86FC0A" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[886,1075,908,932]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD2150DDFC26FC0D" box="[886,915,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABDF350DDFB86FC0A" box="[932,1075,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABA3B50DDFA9DFC0A" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" box="[1132,1320,908,932]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABA3B50DDFB3FFC0D" box="[1132,1162,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABACD50DDFA9DFC0A" box="[1178,1320,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it reaches the space between fifth and sixth alveolus; and, 3) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD5450E1FC2EFC66" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[771,923,944,968]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD5450E1FC95FC69" box="[771,800,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD6650E0FC2EFC66" box="[817,923,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD8150E0FBF9FC69" authorityName="Sill" authorityYear="1970" box="[982,1100,944,968]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Ikanogavialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gameroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD8150E0FBF9FC69" box="[982,1100,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">I. gameroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it reaches the space between sixth and seventh alveolus. The morphotype observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABD405085FC18FC42" baseAuthorityName="Burmeinster" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[791,941,980,1004]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neogaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD405085FC81FC45" box="[791,820,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABD145084FC18FC42" box="[835,941,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">neogaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could represent an intraspecific variation of the length of this process, and therefore could reflect the same condition observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABA2B50A9FA8FFBBE" baseAuthorityName="Langston & Gasparini" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[1148,1338,1016,1040]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABA2B50A9FB2CFBA1" box="[1148,1177,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABAFC50A9FA8FFBBE" box="[1195,1338,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABB2050A9FE91FB9A" authorityName="Salas-Gismondi, Flynn, Baby, Tejada-Lara, Claude & Antoine" authorityYear="2016" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachakamue">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABB2050A9FA21FBA1" box="[1399,1428,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gr</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABEC0574DFE91FB9A" box="[151,292,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">pachakamue</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C06F61BFFEFFD5ABE905711FF5EFB6B" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
|
||
In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABEBF5711FE76FBF9" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[232,451,1088,1112]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jessei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABEBF5711FE76FBF9" box="[232,451,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gryposuchus jessei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB98D98FFEFFD5ABC305711FD4EFBF6" authorityName="Gurich" authorityYear="1912" box="[615,763,1088,1112]" class="Reptilia" genus="Gryposuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECD2A09FFEFFD5ABC305711FD4EFBF6" box="[615,763,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Gryposuchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species the premaxilla, in ventral view, presents a wedgeshaped posterior process, which reaches in length the level of the space between the second and third maxillary alveoli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F482EA9EFFEFFD5ABEA257D6FEEEFB0E" box="[245,347,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[194,1425,199,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1435,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gryposuchus speCies in ventral view. MorphologiCal variations at the inCisive foramen, alveolar size and distribution, premaxilla-maxilla suture and bone. (a) Gryposuchus jessei (unnumbered holotype); (b) Gryposuchus jessei (UFAC 1272); (c) Gryposuchus neogaeus (MLP 26-413); (d) Gryposuchus croizati (AMU-CURS-58); (e) Gryposuchus pachakamue (MUSM 1981). SCale bars: 50mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457677/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, the other studied Gavialoidea this process goes far beyond the fourth maxillary alveoli.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |