162 lines
17 KiB
XML
162 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="1B850F6E32CF47E30CB73B2157D46A7E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8212358" ID-ZooBank="0001D6C5-9616-44A3-98F4-CE4CCA0F2826" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1691079196028" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Singh, Manpreet, Raha, Angshuman, Mallick, Kaushik, Kirti, Jagbir Singh & Singh, Navneet" docDate="2023" docId="E36F1F4DFFEAFFE6FF11FA5D2053FDE7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5323.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5323 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plutodes Guenee 1858" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="506" masterDocId="1F566735FFECFFE1FF86FFA82454FFFE" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species" masterLastPageNumber="523" masterPageNumber="499" pageNumber="505" updateTime="1691433885888" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="07CFD5785304D06EC48D8675BE380082">A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="437F08CA1E2207B957BCE5D968FD912C">Singh, Manpreet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2BAF27B0AE9D327B9C74A8625755B3AA">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & Department of Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India & manpreet 500777 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7538 - 3147</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="31D0C902456D8DF3471721C43E2B07B6" type="email">manpreet500777@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="439227358C1F0748F25D934CAB859A11">Raha, Angshuman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A6915CFA95F59AB07B40262C72FD48C6">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & adroitangshuman @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6992 - 7056</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="152A6649E1AFC56A1A2A1A763B1FFB0C" type="email">adroitangshuman@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CA8CD908419E513787615B29210F9F9F">Mallick, Kaushik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="88C0F66AD75BF174C0B9E4B165E27BF4">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & kaushik 11. cc @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7376 - 2776</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C62F05BFF5FCEA6BCEFD9940FAF6E603" type="email">kaushik11.cc@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DFD1548ECFAA163E41914B49625BF632">Kirti, Jagbir Singh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="222C4A0863490AB1A5E4305E11F6EAEC">Department of Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India & prjagbir 2005 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9670 - 5931</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3047C10FE16959F86D7B750B264E84AE" type="email">prjagbir2005@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BCE511AB07BDB9D11B1FD3CBA60E1554">Singh, Navneet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A7A36873F5E07B955729D78A83321989">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & nsgill 007 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6657 - 7983</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7152C734718FE039B775E9E4050E04C0" type="email">nsgill007@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="DA4090EBC9AD03488631947AF150EA1B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="24FEA199AF14597CA8F0984AA9C02AD7">
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<mods:date id="99FA282D713DDA6B4773E726AEC1E105">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0341FA96344DCAEC8058A6B6D1D3C392">2023-08-03</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9C2C58626D44BCD582105D87C79E22DE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="57C6473CBB16672A8A3C7742A979FB81" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E36F1F4DFFEAFFE6FF11FA5D2053FDE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFEAFFE6FF11FA5D2053FDE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E36F1F4DFFEAFFE6FF11FA5D2053FDE7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEAFFE7FF11FA5D2600F9F1" bold="true" box="[151,596,1524,1551]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEAFFE7FF68FA5C2649F9F1" ID-CoL="92K92" ID-ENA="1007438" authority="Guenee, [1858]" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[238,541,1524,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEAFFE7FF68FA5C2502F9F1" bold="true" box="[238,342,1524,1551]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Plutodes</emphasis>
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Guenée, [1858]
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</taxonomicName>
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: 117
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFEAFFE7FF11F991264FF9AF" box="[151,539,1593,1618]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFEAFFE7FF11F991264FF9AF" blockId="6.[151,539,1593,1648]" box="[151,539,1593,1618]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEAFFE7FF11F99124EBF9AF" bold="true" box="[151,191,1593,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">TS:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEAFFE7FF43F991264FF9AF" authority="Guenee, [1858]" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[197,539,1593,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyclaria">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEAFFE7FF43F9912523F9AF" box="[197,375,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Plutodes cyclaria</emphasis>
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Guenée, [1858]
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFEAFFE7FF11F9F025D2F98E" blockId="6.[151,539,1593,1648]" box="[151,390,1624,1648]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEAFFE7FF11F9F02495F98E" bold="true" box="[151,193,1624,1648]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">TL:</emphasis>
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Borneo (
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<collectingCountry id="13D1EECBFFEAFFE7FEA6F9F025D4F98E" box="[288,384,1624,1648]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFEAFFE6FF11F93626B0FEBF" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFEAFFE6FF11F93626B0FEBF" blockId="6.[151,1437,1694,2009]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEAFFE7FE93F9362523F946" box="[277,375,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEAFFE7FE93F9362523F946" box="[277,375,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Plutodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, now in
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEAFFE7FE59F936261DF946" box="[479,585,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Plutodini">Plutodini</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEAFFE7FDD3F9362683F946" authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[597,727,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ennominae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
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, are small to medium-sized moths with an overall dull yellow appearance. Their wings usually have yellow ground colour with a prominent pattern of basal and distal rufous-brown patches where the distal ones are generally roundish or elliptical, and traversed by a crenulate darker line inside. The distal patches are often bordered by double, fine dark lines with iridescent scales sprinkled in the space between them. The antennae in both the sexes are generally unipectinate. The forewing venation comprises R1 originating subapically from the cell or rarely from the common stem of R 2–5, remaining independent in the core-group or fusing with Sc for a rather long distance before diverging from it. R2 always arises from the common stem of R 3–4. Sţning (2013) identified the drop-shaped basal section of the frenulum in
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEAFFE7FB69F8322105F84A" box="[1263,1361,1946,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEAFFE7FB69F8322105F84A" box="[1263,1361,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Plutodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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which is a synapomorphy for all the allied genera in
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEAFFE7FD29F816274DF826" box="[687,793,1982,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Plutodini">Plutodini</taxonomicName>
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. The male genitalia have slender uncus with a rounded, spatulate or acute apex, valvae with weakly or strongly sclerotized costa and well-developed sacculus possessing subbasal and distal spurs or other processes and weakly developed saccus, curved upwards. Juxta broad, plate-like or elongate, laterally near base with a pair of bunches of elongate setae (“cristae”). The vesica of the aedeagus bears a row or bunches of variable cornuti. The female genitalia have corpus bursae devoid of typical
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEBFFE6FB3BFEAB2169FEE3" authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[1213,1341,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ennominae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="522" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
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signum, but usually with scobination, often arranged in lines.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFEBFFE6FF41FEE32053FDE7" pageId="7" pageNumber="506" type="distribution">
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFEBFFE6FF41FEE3257DFE9B" box="[199,297,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFEBFFE6FF41FEE3257DFE9B" box="[199,297,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">Plutodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is mainly distributed in the Oriental tropics and subtropics with geographic range extending from the North-western Himalaya to the Indo-Australian tropics, with maximum diversity being reported from
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<collectingCountry id="13D1EECBFFEBFFE6FABFFEC721C9FE77" box="[1337,1437,367,393]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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||
and the
|
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<location id="6E19F880FFEBFFE6FF70FE3B25C1FE53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFEAFFE6FF11FA5D2053FDE7:6E19F880FFEBFFE6FF70FE3B25C1FE53" box="[246,405,403,429]" country="Thailand" name="Sunda islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="506" stateProvince="Fujian">Sunda islands</location>
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||
of Borneo and
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<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFEBFFE6FDD6FE3B2684FE53" box="[592,720,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">Sumatra. A</collectorName>
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few species reach to a little higher latitude in the
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<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFEBFFE6FAA4FE3B213EFE53" box="[1314,1386,403,429]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">Fujian</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFEBFFE6FF11FE1F24B9FE2F" box="[151,237,439,465]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
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provinces of
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<collectingCountry id="13D1EECBFFEBFFE6FE08FE1F2580FE2F" box="[398,468,439,465]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">China</collectingCountry>
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, just touching the southernmost extremity of the Palaearctic realm (
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<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFEBFFE6FB62FE1F2486FE0B" author="Yazaki, K. & Wang, M." pageId="7" pageNumber="506" pagination="117 - 126" refId="ref15532" refString="Yazaki, K. & Wang, M. (2004) Notes on geometrid moths (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) from Nanling Mts, S. China (III). Tinea, 18, 117 - 126." type="journal article" year="2004">Yazaki & Wang 2004</bibRefCitation>
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, Sţning 2005). Generally, the species of this genus are found in the lowland and lower to upper montane, undisturbed tropical and subtropical forests up to an altitude of nearly
|
||
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</quantity>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
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</treatment>
|
||
</document> |